JP2013088369A - Granular ice detection apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an epoch-making granular ice detection apparatus capable of displaying an unprecedented effect.SOLUTION: The granular ice detection apparatus for detecting falling of granular ice such as ice pellets and hailstones includes: a spherical hollow body arranged on a position where falling of the granular ice is required to be detected; a vibration sensor part for detecting impact vibration generated when the granular ice collides with the spherical hollow body; a temperature sensor part for detecting an ambient temperature; a microphone part for detecting sound; and a granular ice determination part for determining falling of the granular ice on the basis of information respectively outputted from the vibration sensor part, the temperature sensor part and the microphone part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a granular ice detection device that detects precipitation of granular ice such as straw and straw.

  For example, granular ice as solid precipitation such as hail and hail is often concentrated locally and for a short time (several minutes to several tens of minutes). For example, the road surface state of an expressway changes in a short time and changes to a snowy road surface.

  Specifically, the road surface after the granular ice falls is a factor that reduces the braking force of the car.For example, when granular ice falls on the road surface near the tunnel exit, the road surface condition in the tunnel is completely different. Due to the difference, the handling of the car immediately after getting out of the tunnel is delayed and very dangerous.

  Therefore, in the past, surveillance cameras have been installed in places where there is a high possibility of precipitation of granular ice, for example, near the tunnel exit, and surveillance personnel at remote locations can detect When rain is confirmed, it is dealt with by displaying that fact on an electric bulletin board installed on the road to alert the driver. However, it is difficult for the monitoring staff to immediately discriminate whether or not this is the case, and it takes time to confirm the information. Therefore, it is difficult to convey the information to the driver in real time. In addition, since monitoring is performed 24 hours a day, there is a problem that the burden on the monitoring staff is heavy.

  In addition to this surveillance camera, various detection devices for detecting precipitation such as a rain sensor and a snow sensor as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-305241 have been proposed. However, it has not yet been proposed to detect the precipitation of granular ice such as hail and hail in a quick and highly accurate manner in distinction from rain and snow.

JP 2001-305241 A

  The present inventors pay attention to the above-mentioned problems and repeatedly conduct various experimental studies. As a result, for example, the difference between rain and snow is reliably discriminated and the precipitation of granular ice is detected quickly and accurately. We have developed an innovative granular ice detection device that has an unprecedented operational effect.

  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A granular ice detection device for detecting precipitation of granular ice 1 such as ridges and ridges, wherein the celestial hollow body 2 is disposed at a location P where precipitation of the granular ice 1 is desired to be detected, and A vibration sensor unit 3 that detects impact vibration when the granular ice 1 collides, a temperature sensor unit 4 that detects outside air temperature, a microphone unit 5 that detects sound, the vibration sensor unit 3, and the temperature sensor unit 4 and a granular ice detection unit 6 for determining the precipitation of granular ice 1 based on information from the microphone unit 5 and the microphone unit 5, respectively.

  2. The granular ice detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the hollow hollow body 2 is a container-shaped body having a hollow wall structure comprising an outer layer 2a and an inner layer 2b provided in the outer layer 2a with a gap S therebetween. The present invention relates to a granular ice detector.

  The granular ice detecting device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the ceiling wall 2A of the hollow hollow body 2 is set to have a convex curved surface. It is concerned.

  Moreover, the granular ice detection apparatus of any one of Claims 1-3 WHEREIN: It has the vibration generation part 7 which vibrates the said heavend hollow body 2, It concerns on the granular ice detection apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Moreover, the granular ice detection apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4 WHEREIN: It has the heating part 8 which heats the said heavend hollow body 2, It concerns on the granular ice detection apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. .

  Further, in the granular ice detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the outer surface of the ceiling hollow body 2 is subjected to water repellent treatment, and the granular ice detecting device is characterized in that Is.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, for example, the difference between rain and snow can be reliably discriminated, and precipitation of granular ice can be detected quickly and with high accuracy. It will be an epoch-making granular ice detection device that exhibits unprecedented effects such as excellent performance.

It is use condition explanatory drawing of a present Example. It is a perspective view explaining the principal part which concerns on a present Example. It is a perspective view explaining the principal part which concerns on a present Example. It is sectional drawing explaining the principal part which concerns on a present Example. It is sectional drawing explaining the principal part which concerns on a present Example. It is explanatory drawing of the principal part which concerns on a present Example. It is explanatory drawing of the principal part which concerns on a present Example. It is a flowchart at the time of detecting the precipitation of granular ice with the granular ice detection apparatus which concerns on a present Example.

  An embodiment of the present invention which is considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings showing the operation of the present invention.

  For example, when the granular ice 1 rains, the vibration sensor unit 3 detects the impact vibration when the granular ice 1 collides with the celestial hollow body 2, and the information detected by the vibration sensor unit 3 is used to determine the granular ice. The temperature sensor unit 4 detects the outside air temperature, and this information is sent to the granular ice determination unit 6, and the microphone unit 5 detects ambient sounds, and this information is granular. It is sent to the ice determination unit 6.

  The granular ice determination unit 6 determines whether or not the granular ice 1 is raining based on the information from the vibration sensor unit 3, the information from the temperature sensor unit 4, and the information from the microphone unit 5.

  Specifically, for example, when the vibration sensor unit 3 detects a vibration that is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (frequency of 1000 Hz), the temperature sensor unit 4 detects a predetermined value (15 ° C.˜− When a temperature of 3 ° C.) is detected, or when a predetermined value (a sound different from the normal environmental sound where the granular ice 1 is not falling (pitch higher than 1000 Hz)) is detected in the microphone unit 5 Based on these pieces of information, the granular ice determination unit 6 determines that the granular ice 1 is raining.

  That is, the present invention determines that the precipitation of granular ice 1 is satisfied when the above-described three detection conditions are satisfied, and is not precipitation of granular ice 1 when at least one of the three detection conditions does not satisfy the detection condition. By judging based on these information, the precipitation of the granular ice 1 can be detected with high accuracy, and the cost is low and the mass production is excellent due to the simple structure without the need for expensive equipment. .

  A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The present embodiment is a granular ice detection device for detecting precipitation of granular ice 1 such as straw or straw, and has a heavenly hollow body 2 disposed at a location P where precipitation of granular ice 1 is desired to be detected, and heavenly hollow A vibration sensor unit 3 that detects impact vibrations when the granular ice 1 collides with the hollow hollow body 2 disposed inside the body 2, a temperature sensor unit 4 that detects outside air temperature, and a microphone unit that detects sound 5 and a granular ice determination unit 6 that determines the precipitation of the granular ice 1 based on information from the vibration sensor unit 3, the temperature sensor unit 4, and the microphone unit 5, respectively.

  Incidentally, the hail as the granular ice 1 according to the present embodiment is an ice particle having a diameter of less than 5 mm falling from the cloud, and the hail as the granular ice 1 falls from the cloud. Any one having a diameter of 5 mm or more and capable of exhibiting the characteristics of the present embodiment can be adopted as appropriate.

  Hereinafter, each component according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.

  The natural hollow body 2 is formed by forming an appropriate synthetic resin member (hard resin) into a circular container shape (dome shape) as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and is tapered from the lower end to the upper end. Thus, the ceiling wall portion 2A of the hollow hollow body 2 is set to have a convex curved surface.

  In addition, the ceiling hollow body 2 is set to an inclined surface in which a side wall portion 2B continuous with the top wall portion 2A that is a convex curved surface becomes a divergent shape.

  Accordingly, since the ceiling wall 2A has a convex curved surface, the ceiling wall 2A can prevent as much snow as possible from being able to interfere with each detection, and of course, when the side wall 2B is a vertical surface. In comparison, the falling granular ice 1 can be made to collide efficiently with a slight angle. Moreover, it can respond to the precipitation of the granular ice 1 from which direction irrespective of a wind direction. In addition, sitting of birds and the like can be prevented.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the natural hollow body 2 has a hollow wall structure composed of an outer layer 2a and an inner layer 2b provided in the outer layer 2a with a gap S therebetween. Efficient transmission of vibration generated when the granular ice 1 collides with the hollow body 2 and good internal air vibration are generated.

  Accordingly, when the granular ice 1 collides with the outer surface of the natural hollow body 2, the impact (vibration and sound) by the granular ice 1 is transmitted better, and the vibration sensor unit 3 and the microphone unit 5 described later Detection is performed with higher accuracy. Reference numeral 2c denotes an erected portion that is erected between the outer layer 2a and the inner layer 2b.

  Note that a conical shape (for example, a conical shape) may be adopted as the shape of the hollow hollow body 2, and any configuration that exhibits the characteristics of the present embodiment can be adopted as appropriate.

  Further, the outer surface of the hollow hollow body 2 is subjected to water repellent treatment.

  Therefore, if snow or rain adheres to the surface of the hollow celestial body 2, these serve as cushioning materials and become obstacles to detection by the vibration sensor unit 3 and the microphone unit 5. In this respect, this example Snow and rain can be prevented as much as possible and detection with higher accuracy is possible.

  2 to 4, the bottomed hollow body 2 is provided with a bottom body (closed bottom plate body 9) as a base at the lower opening, and a plurality (three pieces) are provided on the lower surface of the closed bottom plate body 9. ) Is protrudingly provided.

  This attachment part 9a is attached to the installation part (installation stand 11) installed in the location P which wants to detect the precipitation of the granular ice 1.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the mounting portion 9a has a hole 9a ′ that penetrates the fastening bolt 12A, and the fastening bolt 12A that protrudes through the installation base 11 is inserted. The nut 12B is screwed onto the tip of the fastening bolt 12A.

  Further, a member 13 (rubber) having an appropriate elasticity made of a synthetic resin is provided on the lower surface of the attachment portion 9a, and is placed on the upper surface of the installation table 11 via the elastic member 13.

  Therefore, when the vibration generating unit 7 to be described later vibrates, the ceiling hollow body 2 installed on the installation base 11 vibrates satisfactorily using the elasticity of the elastic member 13, and this vibration causes the ceiling hollow body. It is possible to prevent snow and rain from adhering to 2.

  A substrate 10 (electronic circuit board) is provided on the upper surface of the closed bottom plate 9.

  Various electronic components such as a vibration generating unit 7, a heating unit 8, a vibration sensor unit 3, a temperature sensor unit 4, a microphone unit 5, and a granular ice determination unit 6 are mounted on the upper surface of the substrate 10.

  The vibration generator 7 is a vibration motor provided on the substrate 10 as shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the vibration generating unit 7 is configured to operate when it is detected by the temperature sensor unit 4 described later that the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or lower.

  Accordingly, the hollow hollow body 2 vibrates by the operation of the vibration generating unit 7, and snow and rain attached to the surface of the hollow hollow body 2 can be shaken off.

  The heating unit 8 is a heater provided on the substrate 10 as shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the heating unit 8 is configured to operate when it is detected by the temperature sensor unit 4 described later that the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or less.

  Therefore, the heating unit 8 generates heat, and the heavenly hollow body 2 is heated from the inside, so that snow and rain attached to the surface of the heavenly hollow body 2 can be melted or evaporated.

  The vibration sensor unit 3 is a piezoelectric element provided on the substrate 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and in this embodiment, a plurality (two) of vibration sensor units 3 are arranged at two locations facing the inner surface of the heavend hollow body 2. It is stuck on. The number of vibration sensor units 3 can be changed as appropriate.

  The vibration sensor unit 3 converts the vibration of the surface of the heavenly hollow body 2 and the vibration of the internal air of the heavenly hollow body 2 into electrical signals.

  In the present embodiment, when the impact vibration detected by the vibration sensor unit 3 is larger than a predetermined value (frequency is 1000 Hz), the granular ice determination unit 6 described later determines that it is granular ice 1. . The impact vibration when the granular ice 1 is a kite is about 1000 Hz to 1200 Hz as a numerical value obtained by experiments.

  The temperature sensor unit 4 is provided on the substrate 10 as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, and is configured to penetrate the closed bottom plate 9 and project outside.

  This temperature sensor unit 4 constantly detects the temperature (outside air temperature) outside the heavenly hollow body 2, and specifically converts the outside air temperature into an electrical signal.

  In this embodiment, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor unit 4 is a predetermined value (15 ° C. to −3 ° C.), the granular ice determining unit 6 determines that the granular ice 1 is present.

  Further, when the temperature sensor unit 4 detects that the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or less, the vibration generating unit 7 and the heating unit 8 described above are configured to operate.

  The microphone unit 5 is provided on the substrate 10 as shown in FIG.

  The microphone unit 5 is a condenser microphone, and is arranged inside the celestial hollow body 2 to constantly detect surrounding sounds (sound inside the celestial hollow body 2 and environmental sound outside the celestial hollow body 2). Yes.

  Specifically, the surrounding sound is always observed, and the sound generated when the granular ice 1 collides with the surface of the heavenly hollow body 2 is converted into an electric signal. A comparison circuit compares the ambient sound that is constantly observed.

  In this embodiment, when the sound detected by the microphone unit 5 is larger than a predetermined value (a sound different from the normal environmental sound where the granular ice 1 is not falling (pitch of 1000 Hz or higher / sound pressure of 20 μPa or higher)), The ice determination unit 6 is configured to determine that it is granular ice 1. The sound when the granular ice 1 is a kite is approximately 1000 Hz to 1200 Hz as a numerical value obtained by experiments.

  The granular ice determination unit 6 is an arithmetic processing unit (CPU) mounted on the upper surface of the substrate 10 as shown in FIG.

  The granular ice determination unit 6 determines whether or not the granular ice 1 is raining based on the information from the vibration sensor unit 3, the temperature sensor unit 4, and the microphone unit 5.

  Specifically, as illustrated as a flowchart in FIG. 8, in the standby state, the temperature sensor unit 4 and the microphone unit 5 constantly detect the outside air temperature and surrounding sounds (detection preparation).

  And in this temperature sensor part 4 and the microphone part 5, the outside air temperature is a predetermined value (15 ° C. to −3 ° C.) and the surrounding sound is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (different from the normal environmental sound when the granular ice 1 is not falling). When the granular ice 1 collides with the celestial hollow body 2 and an impact vibration larger than a predetermined value (frequency 1000 Hz) is detected by the vibration sensor unit 3, the granular ice judgment is made. In part 6, it is determined as precipitation of granular ice 1. When the impact vibration in the vibration sensor unit 3 is lower than a predetermined value (frequency: 1000 Hz), it is determined that the ice is not granular ice 1.

  Further, the detection in each detection unit is continued thereafter. For example, when the value detected by the vibration sensor unit 3 becomes lower than a predetermined value (frequency 1000 Hz), it is determined that the granular ice 1 has stopped.

  Then, it will be in a standby state again.

  As a result of actual experiments, the present inventors have sampled a case in which the wrinkle has fallen, and all three detection conditions (detection conditions obtained by the vibration sensor unit 3, the temperature sensor unit 4, and the microphone unit 5) are satisfied. (If the set value is reached), it has been confirmed that the probability of dredging is extremely high.

  The granular ice detecting apparatus according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration is provided on an installation base 11 installed at a location P (near the exit of the tunnel) where precipitation of granular ice 1 is desired to be detected as shown in FIG.

  In addition, a distribution device 16 that distributes information detected by the granular ice detection device as a signal to the management center 14 and the electric bulletin board device 15 is provided in a lower part (the column 11a) of the installation table 11.

  The management center 14 receives the detection information of the granular ice 1 distributed from the distribution device 16 by the management computer 14a and saves the history, or performs an operation of switching the display contents to the electric bulletin board 15, The display contents on the device 15 are monitored for errors. Reference numeral 14b denotes a warning device including a warning light and a warning sound generator.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electric bulletin board 15 is installed on the side of a road that can be easily confirmed by the driver of the automobile, and displays information distributed from the distribution device 16.

  In addition, the electric bulletin board 15 can display various contents in response to a signal transmitted from the management center 14 (management computer 14a).

  Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, for example, the difference between rain and snow can be reliably determined to detect the precipitation of the granular ice 1 quickly and with high accuracy. It will be excellent in mass productivity.

  In the present embodiment, the hollow hollow body 2 is a container-shaped body having a hollow wall structure composed of an outer layer 2a and an inner layer 2b provided in the outer layer 2a via a gap S. Is reflected and becomes large, and the detection in the vibration sensor unit 3 and the microphone unit 5 is favorably performed.

  Further, in this embodiment, since the ceiling wall 2A of the celestial hollow body 2 is set to have a convex curved surface, snow and rain that can be an obstacle to detection in the vibration sensor unit 3 and the microphone unit 5 are present in the celestial hollow body. 2 can be prevented from adhering to the outer surface.

  Moreover, since the present Example has the vibration generation part 7 which vibrates the celestial hollow body 2, the snow and rain which may become the detection obstacle in the vibration sensor part 3 and the microphone part 5 also in this point are the celestial hollow body 2 Can be prevented from adhering to the outer surface.

  Moreover, since the present Example has the heating part 8 which heats the celestial hollow body 2, the snow and rain which may become a detection obstacle in the vibration sensor part 3 and the microphone part 5 are the outer surfaces of the celestial hollow body 2 Can be prevented from adhering to the surface.

  Further, in this embodiment, since the outer surface of the heavenly hollow body 2 is subjected to water repellent treatment, snow and rain that may be a hindrance to detection in the vibration sensor unit 3 and the microphone unit 5 are present in the heavenly hollow body 2. Can be prevented from adhering to the outer surface.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the specific configuration of each component can be designed as appropriate.

P location S gap 1 granular ice 2 celestial hollow body 2A top wall 2a outer layer 2b inner layer 3 vibration sensor unit 4 temperature sensor unit 5 microphone unit 6 granular ice judgment unit 7 vibration generation unit 8 heating unit

Claims (6)

  A granular ice detection device for detecting precipitation of granular ice such as ridges and ridges, wherein the celestial hollow body arranged at a location where precipitation of the granular ice is desired to be detected, and the granular ice collides with the celestial hollow body On the basis of information from the vibration sensor unit for detecting the impact vibration, the temperature sensor unit for detecting the outside air temperature, the microphone unit for detecting the sound, the vibration sensor unit, the temperature sensor unit, and the microphone unit. A granular ice detection device comprising a granular ice determination unit for determining the precipitation of granular ice.   2. The granular ice detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the hollow hollow body is a container-shaped body having a hollow wall structure including an outer layer and an inner layer provided in the outer layer through a gap. Detection device.   The granular ice detecting device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein a top wall portion of the hollow hollow body is set to a convex curved surface.   The granular ice detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a vibration generating unit that vibrates the hollow dome.   The granular ice detection apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4 WHEREIN: It has a heating part which heats the said ceiling hollow body, The granular ice detection apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   The granular ice detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a water repellent treatment is applied to an outer surface of the hollow hollow body.

Images