JP2013088016A - Evaporator with cold storage function - Google Patents
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- JP2013088016A JP2013088016A JP2011228562A JP2011228562A JP2013088016A JP 2013088016 A JP2013088016 A JP 2013088016A JP 2011228562 A JP2011228562 A JP 2011228562A JP 2011228562 A JP2011228562 A JP 2011228562A JP 2013088016 A JP2013088016 A JP 2013088016A
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、停車時に圧縮機の駆動源であるエンジンを一時的に停止させる車両のカーエアコンに用いられる蓄冷機能付きエバポレータに関する。 The present invention relates to an evaporator with a cold storage function used in a car air conditioner of a vehicle that temporarily stops an engine that is a drive source of a compressor when the vehicle is stopped.
この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、図１の上下を上下というものとする。また、この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、「アルミニウム」という用語には、純アルミニウムの他にアルミニウム合金を含むものとする。 In this specification and claims, the top and bottom of FIG. In this specification and claims, the term “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum.
近年、環境保護や自動車の燃費向上などを目的として、信号待ちなどの停車時にエンジンを自動的に停止させる自動車が提案されている。 In recent years, automobiles have been proposed that automatically stop the engine when the vehicle stops, such as when waiting for a signal, for the purpose of environmental protection or improvement in automobile fuel efficiency.
しかしながら、通常のカーエアコンにおいては、エンジンを停止させると、エンジンを駆動源とする圧縮機が停止するので、エバポレータに冷媒が供給されなくなり、冷房能力が急激に低下するという問題がある。 However, in a normal car air conditioner, when the engine is stopped, the compressor using the engine as a driving source stops, so that there is a problem that the refrigerant is not supplied to the evaporator and the cooling capacity is rapidly reduced.
そこで、このような問題を解決するために、エバポレータに蓄冷機能を付与し、エンジンが停止して圧縮機が停止した際に、エバポレータに蓄えられた冷熱を放冷して車室内を冷却することが考えられている。 Therefore, in order to solve such problems, the evaporator is provided with a cold storage function, and when the engine stops and the compressor stops, the cold stored in the evaporator is discharged to cool the vehicle interior. Is considered.
この種の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータとして、上下方向に間隔をおいて配置された１対のタンクと、両タンク間に、幅方向を通風方向に向けるとともにタンクの長さ方向に間隔をおいて配置され、かつ両端部がそれぞれ両タンクに通じさせられた複数の扁平状冷媒流通管と、上下方向にのびるとともに冷媒流通管に熱的に接触させられた複数の蓄冷材容器とを備えており、各蓄冷材容器が、１つの密閉された空間を有するとともに、当該空間内に潜熱蓄冷材が封入されており、蓄冷材容器内の蓄冷材が、冷媒流通管内を流れる冷媒の有する冷熱により冷却されるようになされている蓄冷機能付きエバポレータが提案されている（特許文献１参照）。 As an evaporator with this kind of cold storage function, a pair of tanks arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and between the two tanks, the width direction is directed in the direction of ventilation and the tanks are arranged at intervals in the length direction. And a plurality of flat refrigerant flow pipes whose both ends are respectively communicated with both tanks, and a plurality of cold storage material containers that extend in the vertical direction and are in thermal contact with the refrigerant flow pipes, The regenerator container has one sealed space, and the latent heat regenerator material is enclosed in the space, and the regenerator material in the regenerator container is cooled by the cold heat of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant distribution pipe. An evaporator with a cold storage function that has been configured as described above has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
特許文献１記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータによれば、圧縮機が作動している通常の冷房時には、冷媒流通管内を流れる冷媒の有する冷熱が、蓄冷材容器内の蓄冷材に伝わって蓄冷材に蓄えられ、圧縮機が停止した際には、蓄冷材容器内の蓄冷材に蓄えられた冷熱が、蓄冷材容器が熱的に接触させられた冷媒流通管を通って通風間隙に配置されたフィンに伝えられ、フィンから当該通風間隙を流れる空気に放冷されるようになっている。
According to the evaporator with the cold storage function described in
ところで、この種の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータの蓄冷材容器内に封入される蓄冷材としては、融点が５〜１０℃に調整されたパラフィン系の潜熱蓄熱材を用いるのが一般的である。たとえば特許文献１に記載された蓄冷機能付きエバポレータにおいても、蓄冷材容器内に封入される蓄冷材としては、融点が６℃であるテトラデカンが用いられている。
By the way, as a cool storage material enclosed in the cool storage material container of this kind of evaporator with a cool storage function, it is common to use the paraffin-type latent heat storage material in which melting | fusing point was adjusted to 5-10 degreeC. For example, also in the evaporator with a cool storage function described in
また、蓄冷材容器の強度は、通常の使用環境温度範囲、たとえば−４０〜９０℃の範囲内においては、液相状態の蓄冷材が密度変化するとともに、蓄冷材容器内に残存している空気が熱膨張することにより内圧が上昇したとしても、破損しないような強度に設計されている。しかしながら、車両火災などにより周囲の温度が通常の使用環境温度範囲よりも高温になると、液相状態の蓄冷材の密度変化、および蓄冷材容器内に残存している空気の熱膨張が著しくなり、内圧が異常に上昇して蓄冷材容器が破裂するおそれがある。 In addition, the strength of the cold storage material container is such that the liquid phase state of the cold storage material changes in density and the air remaining in the cold storage material container within a normal operating environment temperature range, for example, a range of −40 to 90 ° C. Even if the internal pressure increases due to thermal expansion, the strength is designed so as not to break. However, when the ambient temperature becomes higher than the normal operating environment temperature range due to a vehicle fire or the like, the density change of the cold storage material in the liquid phase and the thermal expansion of the air remaining in the cold storage container become significant, The internal pressure may rise abnormally and the cool storage material container may burst.
この発明の目的は、上記問題を解決し、周囲の温度が通常の使用環境温度範囲よりも高温になった際の蓄冷材容器の破裂を防止しうる蓄冷機能付きエバポレータを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide an evaporator with a cold storage function that solves the above problems and can prevent the cold storage material container from bursting when the ambient temperature becomes higher than the normal use environment temperature range.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために以下の態様からなる。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following aspects.
1)複数の冷媒流通管と、内部に蓄冷材が封入された複数の金属製蓄冷材容器とを備えており、蓄冷材容器内の蓄冷材が、冷媒流通管内を流れる冷媒の有する冷熱により冷却されるようになされている蓄冷機能付きエバポレータにおいて、
蓄冷材容器に、内圧の異常上昇時に蓄冷材を流出させる流出口が設けられ、流出口が、少なくとも一部が流出口内に嵌め入れられる栓部材により閉鎖されており、栓部材を形成する材料の熱膨張率が、蓄冷材容器を形成する材料の熱膨張率よりも小さくなっている蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。
1) Equipped with a plurality of refrigerant flow pipes and a plurality of metal cold storage material containers in which the cold storage material is enclosed, and the cold storage material in the cold storage material container is cooled by the cold heat of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant flow pipes In an evaporator with a cold storage function that is made to be
The cold storage material container is provided with an outlet for allowing the cold storage material to flow out when the internal pressure is abnormally increased, and the outlet is closed by a plug member that is at least partially fitted into the outlet, and is made of a material that forms the plug member. The evaporator with a cool storage function whose thermal expansion coefficient is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the material which forms a cool storage material container.
2)栓部材を形成する材料の熱膨張率が、蓄冷材容器を形成する材料の熱膨張率の１／２以下である上記1)記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 2) The evaporator with a cold storage function according to the above 1), wherein the material forming the plug member has a thermal expansion coefficient equal to or less than ½ of the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the cold storage material container.
3)栓部材を形成する材料がステンレス鋼であり、蓄冷材容器を形成する材料がアルミニウムである上記1)または2)記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 3) The evaporator with a cool storage function according to 1) or 2) above, wherein the material forming the plug member is stainless steel, and the material forming the cool storage material container is aluminum.
4)蓄冷材容器の流出口の断面形状が円形であり、栓部材の少なくとも一部分が、直径が流出口の内径よりも大きい球状、または大端径が流出口の内径よりも大きい円錐状となっている上記1)〜3)のうちのいずれかに記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 4) The cross-sectional shape of the outlet of the regenerator container is circular, and at least a part of the plug member has a spherical shape whose diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet or a conical shape whose large end diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet. The evaporator with a cold storage function according to any one of 1) to 3) above.
5)蓄冷材容器に、栓部材の飛びを防止する飛び防止部材が設けられている上記1)〜4)のうちのいずれかに記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 5) The evaporator with a cool storage function according to any one of the above 1) to 4), wherein the cool storage material container is provided with a jump preventing member that prevents the stopper member from jumping.
6)蓄冷材容器における流出口の周囲の部分に、外方に突出しかつ栓部材が収容された筒状部が設けられ、筒状部の外端に、爪からなる複数の飛び防止部材が設けられている上記5)記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 6) A cylindrical portion that protrudes outward and accommodates a plug member is provided in a portion around the outlet in the cool storage material container, and a plurality of jump prevention members made of claws are provided at the outer end of the cylindrical portion. The evaporator with a cold storage function as described in 5) above.
7)飛び防止部材が、栓部材を外側から押さえて流出口の開放を防止する押さえ部を兼ねている上記5)または6)記載の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 7) The evaporator with a cold storage function according to the above 5) or 6), wherein the jump preventing member also serves as a pressing portion for pressing the plug member from the outside to prevent the outlet from being opened.
上記1)〜7)の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータによれば、蓄冷材容器に、内圧の異常上昇時に蓄冷材を流出させる流出口が設けられ、流出口が、少なくとも一部が流出口内に嵌め入れられる栓部材により閉鎖されており、栓部材を形成する材料の熱膨張率が、蓄冷材容器を形成する材料の熱膨張率よりも小さくなっているので、たとえば車両火災などにより通常の使用環境温度範囲よりも高温、たとえば１００℃以上の温度にさらされた場合には、蓄冷材容器の熱膨張量が栓部材の熱膨張量よりも大きくなり、流出口の周縁部と栓部材との間に隙間が生じる。したがって、蓄冷材容器内の蓄冷材および残存空気が流出口から流出して内圧が低減され、蓄冷材容器の破裂が防止される。なお、蓄冷材封入部の強度は、通常の使用環境温度範囲、たとえば−４０〜９０℃の範囲内においては、液相状態の蓄冷材が密度変化するとともに、蓄冷材封入部内に残存している空気が熱膨張することにより内圧が上昇したとしても、破損しないような強度に設計されている。 According to the evaporator with a cold storage function of 1) to 7) above, the cold storage container is provided with an outlet for allowing the cold storage material to flow out when the internal pressure is abnormally increased, and the outlet is at least partially fitted into the outlet. Since the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the plug member is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the cold storage material container, it is closed by the plug member. When exposed to a higher temperature, for example, 100 ° C. or higher, the amount of thermal expansion of the cold storage material container becomes larger than the amount of thermal expansion of the plug member, and there is a gap between the peripheral edge of the outlet and the plug member. Occurs. Therefore, the regenerator material and the remaining air in the regenerator material container flow out from the outlet and the internal pressure is reduced, and the regenerator material container is prevented from bursting. In addition, the strength of the regenerator material enclosing portion is within the normal use environment temperature range, for example, in the range of −40 to 90 ° C., the density of the regenerator material in the liquid phase changes and remains in the regenerator material enclosing portion. Even if the internal pressure rises due to the thermal expansion of the air, it is designed to be strong enough not to break.
上記4)の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータによれば、蓄冷材容器の流出口を栓部材により確実に閉鎖することができる。 According to the evaporator with a cool storage function of 4), the outlet of the cool storage material container can be reliably closed by the plug member.
上記5)および6)の蓄冷機能付きエバポレータによれば、たとえば車両火災などにより通常の使用環境温度範囲よりも高温、たとえば１００℃以上の温度にさらされて蓄冷材容器内の蓄冷材および残存空気が流出口から流出する際に、飛び防止部材によって栓部材の飛びが防止されるので、安全性が向上する。 According to the evaporator with a cold storage function of 5) and 6) above, the cold storage material and the remaining air in the cold storage container are exposed to a temperature higher than the normal use environment temperature range, for example, 100 ° C. or more due to, for example, a vehicle fire. When the valve flows out from the outlet, the jump prevention member prevents the plug member from jumping, so that safety is improved.
以下、この発明の実施形態を、図面を参照して説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
以下の説明において、通風方向下流側（図１および図２に矢印Ｘで示す方向）を前、これと反対側を後というものとする。また、前方から後方を見た際の左右、すなわち図１の左右を左右というものとする。 In the following description, the downstream side in the ventilation direction (the direction indicated by the arrow X in FIGS. 1 and 2) is the front, and the opposite side is the rear. Further, the left and right when viewing the rear from the front, that is, the left and right in FIG.
さらに、以下の説明において、「アルミニウム」という用語には、純アルミニウムの他にアルミニウム合金を含むものとする。 Furthermore, in the following description, the term “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum.
図１はこの発明による蓄冷機能付きエバポレータの全体構成を示し、図２〜図４はその要部の構成を示す。 FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an evaporator with a cold storage function according to the present invention, and FIGS.
図１において、蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ(1)は、上下方向に間隔をおいて配置された左右方向にのびるアルミニウム製第１ヘッダタンク(2)およびアルミニウム製第２ヘッダタンク(3)と、両ヘッダタンク(2)(3)間に設けられた熱交換コア部(4)とを備えている。 In FIG. 1, an evaporator with a cold storage function (1) includes an aluminum first header tank (2) and an aluminum second header tank (3) extending in the horizontal direction and spaced apart in the vertical direction, and both headers. And a heat exchange core part (4) provided between the tanks (2) and (3).
第１ヘッダタンク(2)は、前側（通風方向下流側）に位置する風下側上ヘッダ部(5)と、後側（通風方向上流側）に位置しかつ風下側上ヘッダ部(5)に一体化された風上側上ヘッダ部(6)とを備えている。風下側上ヘッダ部(5)の右端部に冷媒入口(7)が設けられ、風上側上ヘッダ部(6)の右端部に冷媒出口(8)が設けられている。第２ヘッダタンク(3)は、前側に位置する風下側下ヘッダ部(9)と、後側に位置しかつ風下側下ヘッダ部(9)に一体化された風上側下ヘッダ部(11)とを備えている。第２ヘッダタンク(3)の風下側下ヘッダ部(9)内と風上側下ヘッダ部(11)内とは、両下ヘッダ部(9)(11)の右端部に跨って接合され、かつ内部が通路となった連通部材(12)を介して通じさせられている。 The first header tank (2) is located on the leeward upper header part (5) located on the front side (downstream side in the ventilation direction) and on the leeward side upper header part (5) located on the rear side (upstream side in the ventilation direction). And an integrated upwind header section (6). A refrigerant inlet (7) is provided at the right end of the leeward upper header (5), and a refrigerant outlet (8) is provided at the right end of the leeward upper header (6). The second header tank (3) includes a leeward lower header portion (9) located on the front side and an upwind lower header portion (11) located on the rear side and integrated with the leeward lower header portion (9). And. The leeward lower header portion (9) and the leeward lower header portion (11) of the second header tank (3) are joined across the right end portions of the lower header portions (9) and (11), and The inside is communicated via a communication member (12) that forms a passage.
図１および図２に示すように、熱交換コア部(4)には、上下方向にのびるとともに幅方向が通風方向（前後方向）を向いた複数のアルミニウム押出形材製扁平状冷媒流通管(13)が、左右方向に間隔をおいて並列状に配置されている。ここでは、前後方向に間隔をおいて配置された２つの冷媒流通管(13)からなる複数の組(14)が左右方向に間隔をおいて配置されており、前後の冷媒流通管(13)よりなる組(14)の隣り合うものどうしの間に通風間隙(15)が形成されている。前側の冷媒流通管(13)の上端部は風下側上ヘッダ部(5)に接続されるとともに、同下端部は風下側下ヘッダ部(9)に接続されている。また、後側の冷媒流通管(13)の上端部は風上側上ヘッダ部(6)に接続されるとともに、同下端部は風上側下ヘッダ部(11)に接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the heat exchange core (4) has a plurality of extruded aluminum flat refrigerant flow pipes that extend in the vertical direction and whose width direction faces the ventilation direction (front-rear direction). 13) are arranged in parallel at intervals in the left-right direction. Here, a plurality of sets (14) consisting of two refrigerant flow pipes (13) arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, and the front and rear refrigerant flow pipes (13) A ventilation gap (15) is formed between adjacent members of the set (14). An upper end portion of the front refrigerant flow pipe (13) is connected to the leeward upper header portion (5), and a lower end portion thereof is connected to the leeward lower header portion (9). Further, the upper end portion of the rear refrigerant flow pipe (13) is connected to the windward upper header portion (6), and the lower end portion thereof is connected to the windward lower header portion (11).
熱交換コア部(4)における全通風間隙(15)のうち一部の複数の通風間隙(15)でかつ隣接していない通風間隙(15)において、蓄冷材（図示略）が封入されたアルミニウム製蓄冷材容器(16)が、前後両冷媒流通管(13)に跨るように配置されている。また、残りの通風間隙(15)に、両面にろう材層を有するアルミニウムブレージングシートからなるコルゲート状のアウターフィン(17)が、前後両冷媒流通管(13)に跨るように配置されて通風間隙(15)を形成する左右両側の組(14)を構成する前後両冷媒流通管(13)にろう付されており、蓄冷材容器(16)が配置された通風間隙(15)の両側の通風間隙(15)にそれぞれアウターフィン(17)が配置されている。また、左右両端の冷媒流通管(13)の組(14)の外側にも両面にろう材層を有するアルミニウムブレージングシートからなるアウターフィン(17)が配置されて前後両冷媒流通管(13)にろう付され、さらに左右両端のアウターフィン(17)の外側にアルミニウム製サイドプレート(18)が配置されてアウターフィン(17)にろう付されている。左右両端のアウターフィン(17)とサイドプレート(18)との間も通風間隙となっている。 Aluminum in which a regenerator material (not shown) is enclosed in some of the plurality of ventilation gaps (15) and not adjacent to each other in the ventilation gap (15) in the heat exchange core (4). The cold storage material container (16) is disposed so as to straddle both the front and rear refrigerant flow pipes (13). Further, in the remaining ventilation gap (15), corrugated outer fins (17) made of an aluminum brazing sheet having a brazing filler metal layer on both sides are disposed so as to straddle both the front and rear refrigerant flow pipes (13). Ventilation on both sides of the ventilation gap (15) where the cold storage material container (16) is brazed to the front and rear refrigerant flow pipes (13) constituting the pair (14) on both the left and right sides forming (15) Outer fins (17) are respectively disposed in the gaps (15). In addition, outer fins (17) made of an aluminum brazing sheet having a brazing filler metal layer on both sides are also arranged outside the set (14) of the refrigerant flow pipes (13) at the left and right ends, and the front and rear refrigerant flow pipes (13) are arranged. An aluminum side plate (18) is disposed outside the outer fins (17) at both the left and right ends and brazed to the outer fins (17). A ventilation gap is also formed between the outer fin (17) and the side plate (18) at the left and right ends.
蓄冷材容器(16)は幅方向を前後方向に向けた扁平状であり、前側冷媒流通管(13)の前側縁よりも後方に位置し、かつ各組(14)の前後２つの冷媒流通管(13)にろう付された本体部(21)と、本体部(21)の前側縁部（風下側縁部）に連なるとともに前側冷媒流通管(13)の前側縁よりも前方（通風方向外側）に張り出すように設けられた外方張り出し部(22)とを備えている。蓄冷材容器(16)の本体部(21)の左右方向の寸法は全体に等しくなっている。蓄冷材容器(16)の外方張り出し部(22)は、上下方向の寸法が本体部(21)の上下方向の寸法と等しく、かつ左右方向の寸法が本体部(21)の左右方向の寸法よりも大きくなっており、本体部(21)に対して左右方向外方に膨出している。外方張り出し部(22)の左右方向の寸法は、冷媒流通管(13)の左右方向の寸法である管高さの２倍に、蓄冷材容器(16)の本体部(21)の左右方向の寸法を加えた高さと等しくなっている。蓄冷材容器(16)内に、前後方向にのびる波頂部、前後方向にのびる波底部、および波頂部と波底部とを連結する連結部よりなるコルゲート状のアルミニウム製インナーフィン(23)が、本体部(21)から外方張り出し部(22)に至るように配置されており、波底部および波頂部が蓄冷材容器(16)の本体部(21)の左右両側壁にろう付されている。 The cold storage material container (16) has a flat shape with the width direction directed in the front-rear direction, is located behind the front edge of the front refrigerant flow pipe (13), and has two refrigerant flow pipes in the front and rear of each set (14). (13) Brazed to the main body (21) and the front edge (leeward edge) of the main body (21), and forward of the front refrigerant circulation pipe (13) (front side in the ventilation direction) And an outwardly projecting portion (22) provided so as to project. The horizontal dimension of the main body (21) of the cold storage material container (16) is equal to the whole. The outwardly projecting portion (22) of the cold storage material container (16) has the vertical dimension equal to the vertical dimension of the main body (21) and the horizontal dimension is the horizontal dimension of the main body (21). It is larger than the main body part (21) and bulges outward in the left-right direction. The lateral dimension of the outward projecting part (22) is twice the pipe height, which is the lateral dimension of the refrigerant flow pipe (13), and the lateral direction of the main body part (21) of the regenerator container (16). It is equal to the height plus the dimensions. In the regenerator container (16), a corrugated aluminum inner fin (23) comprising a wave crest extending in the front-rear direction, a wave bottom extending in the front-rear direction, and a connecting portion connecting the wave crest and the wave bottom is formed as a main body. It arrange | positions so that it may go to an outward projecting part (22) from a part (21), and the wave bottom part and the wave crest part are brazed to the right-and-left both sides wall of the main-body part (21) of a cool storage material container (16).
蓄冷材容器(16)は、両面にろう材層を有するアルミニウムブレージングシートにプレス加工が施されて本体部(21)および外方張り出し部(22)を形成する膨出部(21a)(22a)が形成され、かつ周縁部どうしが互いにろう付された２枚の略縦長方形状アルミニウム板(24)よりなる。そして、２枚のアルミニウム板(24)を、インナーフィン(23)を間に挟んで膨出部(21a)(22a)の開口どうしが対向するように組み合わせ、この状態で両アルミニウム板(24)の周縁部どうしおよび両アルミニウム板(24)とインナーフィン(23)とをろう付することによって蓄冷材容器(16)が形成されている。したがって、蓄冷材容器(16)は、両アルミニウム板(24)を構成するアルミニウムブレージングシートの芯層によって形成されていることになる。 The cold storage material container (16) is a bulging portion (21a) (22a) formed by pressing an aluminum brazing sheet having a brazing filler metal layer on both sides to form a main body portion (21) and an outwardly projecting portion (22). And two substantially vertical rectangular aluminum plates (24) having peripheral edges brazed to each other. Then, the two aluminum plates (24) are combined so that the openings of the bulged portions (21a) and (22a) face each other with the inner fin (23) sandwiched therebetween, and in this state, both aluminum plates (24) The cold storage material container (16) is formed by brazing the peripheral edges of each other and both the aluminum plates (24) and the inner fins (23). Therefore, the cold storage material container (16) is formed by the core layer of the aluminum brazing sheet constituting both the aluminum plates (24).
蓄冷材容器(16)内へ充填される蓄冷材としては、凝固点が５〜１０℃程度に調整されたパラフィン系潜熱蓄冷材が用いられる。具体的には、ペンタデカン、テトラデカンなどが用いられる。蓄冷材は、蓄冷材容器(16)の上端近傍まで存在するように蓄冷材容器(16)内に封入されている。なお、蓄冷材容器(16)の強度は、通常の使用環境温度範囲、たとえば−４０〜９０℃の範囲内においては、液相状態の蓄冷材が密度変化するとともに、蓄冷材容器(16)内に残存している空気が熱膨張することにより内圧が上昇したとしても、破損しないような強度に設計されている。 As the cold storage material filled in the cold storage material container (16), a paraffin-based latent heat cold storage material having a freezing point adjusted to about 5 to 10 ° C is used. Specifically, pentadecane, tetradecane, or the like is used. The cold storage material is enclosed in the cold storage material container (16) so as to exist up to the vicinity of the upper end of the cold storage material container (16). Note that the strength of the cold storage material container (16) is such that the density of the cold storage material in the liquid phase changes within the normal operating environment temperature range, for example, in the range of −40 to 90 ° C. Even if the internal pressure rises due to thermal expansion of the remaining air, the strength is designed so as not to break.
アウターフィン(17)は、前後方向にのびる波頂部、前後方向にのびる波底部、および波頂部と波底部とを連結する連結部よりなるコルゲート状である。アウターフィン(17)は、前側冷媒流通管(13)の前側縁よりも後方に位置し、かつ各組(14)の前後の冷媒流通管(13)にろう付されたフィン本体部(25)と、フィン本体部(25)の前側縁に連なるとともに後側冷媒流通管(13)の前側縁よりも前方に突出するように設けられた外方突出部(26)とを備えている。そして、蓄冷材容器(16)が配置された通風間隙(15)の両隣の通風間隙(15)に配置されたアウターフィン(17)の外方突出部(26)が、蓄冷材容器(16)の外方張り出し部(22)の左右両側面にろう付されている。また、隣接するアウターフィン(17)の外方突出部(26)間にはアルミニウム製スペーサ(27)が配置されており、外方突出部(26)にろう付されている。 The outer fin (17) has a corrugated shape including a wave crest extending in the front-rear direction, a wave bottom extending in the front-rear direction, and a connecting portion connecting the wave crest and the wave bottom. The outer fin (17) is positioned behind the front edge of the front refrigerant flow pipe (13) and is finned to the refrigerant flow pipe (13) before and after each set (14) by the fin main body (25) And an outward projecting portion (26) provided so as to project forward from the front side edge of the rear refrigerant flow pipe (13) while continuing to the front side edge of the fin body portion (25). And the outward protrusion (26) of the outer fin (17) arranged in the ventilation gap (15) adjacent to the ventilation gap (15) where the cold storage material container (16) is arranged, the cold storage material container (16) Are brazed to the left and right side surfaces of the outwardly projecting portion (22). An aluminum spacer (27) is disposed between the outward projections (26) of the adjacent outer fins (17), and is brazed to the outward projection (26).
図３および図４に示すように、蓄冷材容器(16)の外方張り出し部(22)の上端に、内圧の異常上昇時に蓄冷材を流出させる流出口(30)が設けられており、流出口(30)が、少なくとも一部が流出口(30)内に嵌め入れられる栓部材(31)により閉鎖されている。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an outlet (30) is provided at the upper end of the outwardly projecting portion (22) of the cool storage material container (16) to allow the cool storage material to flow out when the internal pressure increases abnormally. The outlet (30) is closed by a plug member (31) that is at least partially fitted into the outlet (30).
流出口(30)は、蓄冷材容器(16)の外方張り出し部(22)の上壁に平面から見て円形の貫通穴(32)が形成されるとともに、外方張り出し部(22)の上壁における貫通穴(32)の周囲の部分に上方突出状の筒状フランジ部(34)が一体に形成され、貫通穴(32)および筒状フランジ部(34)内にアルミニウム製の段付き円筒状部材(33)が嵌め入れられてろう付などによって固定されることにより設けられている。貫通穴(32)および筒状フランジ部(34)は、蓄冷材容器(16)を構成する両アルミニウム板(24)における外方張り出し部(22)を形成する膨出部(22a)に跨って設けられている。段付き円筒状部材(33)は、小径部(35)と、小径部(35)の上側にテーパ部(36)を介して一体に形成されかつ蓄冷材容器(16)の外側に突出するとともに、栓部材(31)を収容する筒状部になる大径部(37)とよりなる。小径部(35)は、上端は筒状フランジ部(34)の上端とほぼ同一高さ位置あるとともに、下端部が外方張り出し部(22)内に突出するように筒状フランジ部(34)および貫通穴(32)内に通され、この状態で筒状フランジ部(34)にろう付されている。そして、段付き円筒状部材(33)の小径部(35)の円筒状内部通路が流出口(30)となっている。ここで、蓄冷材容器(16)を構成する両アルミニウム板(24)を形成するアルミニウムブレージングシートの芯層と、段付き円筒状部材(33)を形成するアルミニウムとは同一材質であることが好ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。 The outflow port (30) has a circular through hole (32) formed on the upper wall of the outwardly projecting portion (22) of the cold storage material container (16) as viewed from above, and the outlet (30) of the outwardly projecting portion (22). An upward projecting cylindrical flange portion (34) is integrally formed on the upper wall around the through hole (32), and an aluminum step is formed in the through hole (32) and the cylindrical flange portion (34). A cylindrical member (33) is fitted and fixed by brazing or the like. The through hole (32) and the cylindrical flange portion (34) straddle the bulging portion (22a) forming the outward projecting portion (22) in both aluminum plates (24) constituting the cold storage material container (16). Is provided. The stepped cylindrical member (33) is integrally formed on the upper side of the small diameter portion (35) and the small diameter portion (35) via the taper portion (36) and protrudes outside the cold storage material container (16). The large-diameter portion (37) is a cylindrical portion that houses the plug member (31). The small-diameter portion (35) has a cylindrical flange portion (34) whose upper end is substantially at the same height as the upper end of the cylindrical flange portion (34) and whose lower end portion projects into the outwardly projecting portion (22). And is passed through the through hole (32) and brazed to the cylindrical flange portion (34) in this state. And the cylindrical internal channel | path of the small diameter part (35) of the stepped cylindrical member (33) becomes the outflow port (30). Here, the core layer of the aluminum brazing sheet forming both the aluminum plates (24) constituting the cold storage material container (16) and the aluminum forming the stepped cylindrical member (33) are preferably the same material. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
栓部材(31)は、流出口(30)の内径よりも大きくかつ段付き円筒状部材(33)の大径部(37)の内径よりも小さい直径を有する球状であり、大径部(37)内に収容された状態でその一部が流出口(30)内に嵌め入れられ、流出口(30)が栓部材(31)により閉鎖されている。なお、栓部材(31)は、少なくとも一部分が、流出口(30)の内径よりも大きくかつ段付き円筒状部材(33)の大径部(37)の内径よりも小さい直径を有する球状であってもよい。また、段付き円筒状部材(33)の大径部(37)の上端に、径方向内方に突出した爪からなりかつ栓部材(31)の飛びを防止する複数の飛び防止部材(38)が周方向に間隔をおいて一体に設けられている。飛び防止部材(38)は、栓部材(31)を外側から押さえて小径部(35)の上端に押し付けることによって、流出口(30)の開放を防止する押さえ部を兼ねている。栓部材(31)は、蓄冷材容器(16)を含めて蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ(1)の全体を全ての部品を一括してろう付した後に、蓄冷材容器(16)に装着される。栓部材(31)の装着の前には、飛び防止部材(38)は図３に鎖線で示すように、大径部(37)の軸線方向に真っ直ぐに上方にのびており、栓部材(31)が大径部(37)内に入れられた後に径方向内方に曲げられる。 The plug member (31) has a spherical shape having a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the outlet (30) and smaller than the inner diameter of the large diameter portion (37) of the stepped cylindrical member (33), and the large diameter portion (37 ), A part thereof is fitted into the outlet (30), and the outlet (30) is closed by the plug member (31). The plug member (31) is at least partially spherical with a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the outlet (30) and smaller than the inner diameter of the large diameter portion (37) of the stepped cylindrical member (33). May be. Further, a plurality of jump prevention members (38) formed of claws projecting radially inward at the upper end of the large-diameter portion (37) of the stepped cylindrical member (33) and preventing the plug member (31) from jumping. Are integrally provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. The jump preventing member (38) also serves as a pressing portion that prevents the outlet (30) from being opened by pressing the plug member (31) from the outside and pressing it against the upper end of the small diameter portion (35). The plug member (31) is attached to the cool storage material container (16) after brazing all the parts of the evaporator (1) with the cool storage function including the cool storage material container (16) together. Before the plug member (31) is mounted, the jump preventing member (38) extends straight upward in the axial direction of the large diameter portion (37) as shown by a chain line in FIG. Is bent inward in the radial direction after being placed in the large diameter portion (37).
ここで、栓部材(31)を形成する材料の熱膨張率が、蓄冷材容器(16)を構成するアルミニウム板(24)の芯層および段付き円筒状部材(33)を構成するアルミニウムの熱膨張率よりも小さくなっており、たとえば栓部材(31)を形成する材料の熱膨張率が、蓄冷材容器(16)を構成するアルミニウム板(24)の芯層および段付き円筒状部材(33)を構成するアルミニウムの熱膨張率の１／２以下であることが好ましい。具体的に例示すれば、蓄冷材容器(16)を構成するアルミニウム板(24)の芯層および段付き円筒状部材(33)を構成するアルミニウムが、熱膨張率が２３×１０−６／℃であるJIS Ａ３００３からなり、栓部材(31)が、熱膨張率が１０．４×１０−６／℃であるJIS ＳＵＳ４１０からなることが好ましい。 Here, the thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the plug member (31) is such that the core layer of the aluminum plate (24) constituting the cold storage material container (16) and the heat of the aluminum constituting the stepped cylindrical member (33). The thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming the plug member (31) is smaller than the expansion coefficient, for example, the core layer of the aluminum plate (24) constituting the cold storage material container (16) and the stepped cylindrical member (33 It is preferable that it is 1/2 or less of the thermal expansion coefficient of the aluminum which comprises. More specifically, aluminum constituting the core layer of the aluminum plate (24) constituting the cold storage material container (16) and the stepped cylindrical member (33) has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 23 × 10 −6 / ° C. The plug member (31) is preferably made of JIS SUS410 having a thermal expansion coefficient of 10.4 × 10 −6 / ° C.
上述した蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ(1)は、車両のエンジンを駆動源とする圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を冷却するコンデンサ（冷媒冷却器）、コンデンサを通過した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁（減圧器）とともに冷凍サイクルを構成し、カーエアコンとして、停車時に圧縮機の駆動源であるエンジンを一時的に停止させる車両、たとえば自動車に搭載される。そして、圧縮機が作動している場合には、圧縮機で圧縮されてコンデンサおよび膨張弁を通過した低圧の気液混相の２相冷媒が、冷媒入口(7)を通って蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ(1)の風下側上ヘッダ部(5)内に入り、前側の全冷媒流通管(13)を通って風下側下ヘッダ部(9)内に流入する。風下側下ヘッダ部(9)内に入った冷媒は、連通部材(12)を通って風上側下ヘッダ部(11)内に入った後、後側の全冷媒流通管(13)を通って出口ヘッダ部(6)内に流入し、冷媒出口(8)から流出する。そして、冷媒が冷媒流通管(13)内を流れる間に、通風間隙(15)を通過する空気と熱交換をし、冷媒は気相となって流出する。 The evaporator with a cold storage function (1) described above includes a compressor that uses a vehicle engine as a drive source, a condenser that cools the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (refrigerant cooler), and an expansion valve that depressurizes the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser ( A refrigeration cycle is configured together with a decompressor, and is mounted as a car air conditioner on a vehicle, such as an automobile, that temporarily stops an engine that is a drive source of a compressor when the vehicle stops. When the compressor is operating, the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed-phase two-phase refrigerant compressed by the compressor and passed through the condenser and the expansion valve passes through the refrigerant inlet (7) and has an evaporator with a cold storage function ( It enters the leeward upper header part (5) of 1) and flows into the leeward lower header part (9) through the front all refrigerant circulation pipe (13). The refrigerant that has entered the leeward lower header portion (9) passes through the communication member (12), enters the leeward lower header portion (11), and then passes through the rear refrigerant circulation pipe (13). It flows into the outlet header (6) and flows out from the refrigerant outlet (8). While the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow pipe (13), heat exchange is performed with the air passing through the ventilation gap (15), and the refrigerant flows out in a gas phase.
このとき、冷媒流通管(13)内を流れる冷媒の有する冷熱によって蓄冷材容器(16)の本体部(21)内の蓄冷材が冷却され、さらに本体部(21)内の冷却された蓄冷材の有する冷熱がインナーフィン(23)を介して蓄冷材容器(16)の外方張り出し部(22)内の蓄冷材に伝えられるとともに、通風間隙(15)を通って冷媒により冷やされた空気の有する冷熱が外方張り出し部(22)内の蓄冷材に伝えられ、その結果蓄冷材容器(16)内全体の蓄冷材に冷熱が蓄えられる。 At this time, the cold storage material in the main body (21) of the cold storage material container (16) is cooled by the cold heat of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant flow pipe (13), and further the cooled cold storage material in the main body (21) The cold heat of the air is transmitted to the cool storage material in the outwardly projecting portion (22) of the cool storage material container (16) through the inner fin (23) and the air cooled by the refrigerant through the ventilation gap (15). The cold heat that has is transmitted to the cold storage material in the outwardly projecting portion (22), and as a result, cold heat is stored in the entire cold storage material in the cold storage material container (16).
圧縮機が停止した場合には、蓄冷材容器(16)の本体部(21)および外方張り出し部(22)内の蓄冷材の有する冷熱が、インナーフィン(23)を介して本体部(21)および外方張り出し部(22)の左右両側壁に伝えられる。本体部(21)の左右両側壁に伝えられた冷熱は、冷媒流通管(13)を通過し、当該冷媒流通管(13)にろう付されているアウターフィン(17)のフィン本体部(25)を介して蓄冷材容器(16)が配置されている通風間隙(15)の両隣の通風間隙(15)を通過する空気に伝えられる。外方張り出し部(22)の左右両側壁に伝えられた冷熱は、外方張り出し部(22)の左右両側面にろう付されたアウターフィン(17)の外方張り出し部(26)を介して通風間隙(15)を通過する空気に伝えられる。したがって、エバポレータ(1)を通過した風の温度が上昇したとしても、当該風は冷却されるので、冷房能力の急激な低下が防止される。 When the compressor is stopped, the cold energy of the cool storage material in the main body (21) and the outwardly projecting portion (22) of the cool storage material container (16) is transferred through the inner fin (23) to the main body (21 ) And the left and right side walls of the outward projecting portion (22). The cold transmitted to the left and right side walls of the main body (21) passes through the refrigerant flow pipe (13) and is finned to the fin main body (25) of the outer fin (17) brazed to the refrigerant flow pipe (13). ) Is transmitted to the air passing through the ventilation gap (15) adjacent to the ventilation gap (15) where the cool storage material container (16) is disposed. The cold heat transmitted to the left and right side walls of the outward projecting part (22) passes through the outer projecting part (26) of the outer fin (17) brazed to the left and right side surfaces of the outer projecting part (22). It is transmitted to the air passing through the ventilation gap (15). Therefore, even if the temperature of the wind that has passed through the evaporator (1) rises, the wind is cooled, so that a rapid decrease in the cooling capacity is prevented.
たとえば車両火災などによって、周囲の温度が通常の使用環境温度範囲よりも高温、たとえば１００℃以上の温度になると、液相状態の蓄冷材の密度変化および蓄冷材容器(16)内に残存している空気の熱膨張が顕著になって、蓄冷材容器(16)の内圧が異常に上昇しようとする。しかしながら、栓部材(31)も加熱されることになり、蓄冷材容器(16)および段付き円筒状部材(33)の熱膨張量が栓部材(31)の熱膨張量よりも大きくなって、図５に示すように、流出口(30)の周縁部と栓部材(31)との間に隙間が生じる。したがって、蓄冷材容器(16)内の蓄冷材および残存空気が流出口(30)から流出して内圧が低減され、蓄冷材容器(16)の破裂が防止される。 For example, when the ambient temperature becomes higher than the normal operating environment temperature range, for example, 100 ° C. or more due to a vehicle fire or the like, the density change of the cold storage material in the liquid phase and the remaining in the cold storage container (16). The thermal expansion of the air in the air becomes remarkable, and the internal pressure of the cool storage material container (16) tends to rise abnormally. However, the plug member (31) will also be heated, and the amount of thermal expansion of the cold storage material container (16) and the stepped cylindrical member (33) becomes larger than the amount of thermal expansion of the plug member (31), As shown in FIG. 5, a gap is formed between the peripheral edge of the outlet (30) and the plug member (31). Accordingly, the regenerator material and residual air in the regenerator container (16) flow out from the outlet (30), the internal pressure is reduced, and the regenerator container (16) is prevented from bursting.
図６は蓄冷材容器(16)に設けられかつ内圧の異常上昇時に蓄冷材を流出させる流出口を閉鎖する栓部材の変形例を示す。 FIG. 6 shows a modification of the plug member that is provided in the cool storage material container (16) and closes the outlet from which the cool storage material flows out when the internal pressure is abnormally increased.
図６に示す栓部材(40)の場合、下部が、下方に向かって縮径されかつ流出口(30)の内径よりも大きい大端径を有する円錐状となっており、上部が、円錐部(41)の大端径と等しい直径を有する円柱状となっている。円柱部を(42)で示す。栓部材(40)は、上述した栓部材(31)と同じ材料で形成される。栓部材(40)は、円錐部(41)の外周円錐面が段付き円筒状部材(33)のテーパ部(36)の内周面に沿わされるとともに、円柱部(42)の外周面が大径部(37)の内周面に沿わされた状態で、円錐部(41)の下部が流出口(30)内に嵌め入れられ、流出口(30)が栓部材(40)により閉鎖されている。なお、栓部材(40)は、全体に円錐状であってもよい。また、栓部材(40)は、飛び防止部材(38)により外側から押さえられて小径部(35)の上端に押し付けられ、これにより流出口(30)の開放が防止されている。 In the case of the plug member (40) shown in FIG. 6, the lower part has a conical shape whose diameter is reduced downward and has a large end diameter larger than the inner diameter of the outlet (30), and the upper part is a conical part. It has a cylindrical shape having a diameter equal to the large end diameter of (41). The cylindrical part is indicated by (42). The plug member (40) is formed of the same material as the plug member (31) described above. The plug member (40) has an outer peripheral conical surface of the conical portion (41) along the inner peripheral surface of the tapered portion (36) of the stepped cylindrical member (33) and an outer peripheral surface of the columnar portion (42). The lower part of the conical part (41) is fitted into the outlet (30) in a state along the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter part (37), and the outlet (30) is closed by the plug member (40). ing. The plug member (40) may be conical as a whole. Further, the plug member (40) is pressed from the outside by the jump preventing member (38) and pressed against the upper end of the small diameter portion (35), thereby preventing the outlet (30) from being opened.
たとえば車両火災などによって、周囲の温度が通常の使用環境温度範囲よりも高温、たとえば１００℃以上の温度になると、液相状態の蓄冷材の密度変化および蓄冷材容器(16)内に残存している空気の熱膨張が顕著になって、蓄冷材容器(16)の内圧が異常に上昇しようとする。しかしながら、栓部材(40)も加熱されることになり、蓄冷材容器(16)および段付き円筒状部材(33)の熱膨張量が栓部材(40)の熱膨張量よりも大きくなって、流出口(30)の周縁部と栓部材(40)の円錐部(41)との間に隙間が生じる。したがって、蓄冷材容器(16)内の蓄冷材および残存空気が流出口(30)から流出して内圧が低減され、蓄冷材容器(16)の破裂が防止される。 For example, when the ambient temperature becomes higher than the normal operating environment temperature range, for example, 100 ° C. or more due to a vehicle fire or the like, the density change of the cold storage material in the liquid phase and the remaining in the cold storage container (16). The thermal expansion of the air in the air becomes remarkable, and the internal pressure of the cool storage material container (16) tends to rise abnormally. However, the plug member (40) is also heated, and the amount of thermal expansion of the cold storage material container (16) and the stepped cylindrical member (33) is larger than the amount of thermal expansion of the plug member (40), A gap is formed between the peripheral edge of the outlet (30) and the conical part (41) of the plug member (40). Accordingly, the regenerator material and residual air in the regenerator container (16) flow out from the outlet (30), the internal pressure is reduced, and the regenerator container (16) is prevented from bursting.
上述した実施形態においては、蓄冷材容器(16)の流出口(30)は、蓄冷材容器(16)に段付き円筒状部材(33)を、貫通穴(32)に挿入した状態で固定することにより設けられているが、これに限定されるものではなく、円筒状部材を貫通穴(32)に挿入した状態で固定することにより設けたり、あるいは蓄冷材容器(16)の周壁に一体に設けてもよい。 In the embodiment described above, the outlet (30) of the cold storage material container (16) is fixed to the cold storage material container (16) in a state where the stepped cylindrical member (33) is inserted into the through hole (32). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is provided by fixing the cylindrical member inserted in the through hole (32), or integrated with the peripheral wall of the cold storage material container (16). It may be provided.
この発明による蓄冷機能付きエバポレータは、停車時に圧縮機の駆動源であるエンジンを一時的に停止させる車両のカーエアコンを構成する冷凍サイクルに好適に用いられる。 The evaporator with a cold storage function according to the present invention is suitably used in a refrigeration cycle constituting a car air conditioner for a vehicle that temporarily stops an engine that is a drive source of a compressor when the vehicle is stopped.
(1)：蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ
(13)：冷媒流通管
(16)：蓄冷材容器
(30)：流出口
(31)(40)：栓部材
(33)：段付き円筒状部材
(37)：大径部（筒状部）
(38)：飛び防止部材
(41)：円錐部
(1): Evaporator with cool storage function
(13): Refrigerant distribution pipe
(16): Cold storage container
(30): Outlet
(31) (40): Plug member
(33): Stepped cylindrical member
(37): Large diameter part (tubular part)
(38): Jump prevention member
(41): Conical part
Claims (7)
蓄冷材容器に、内圧の異常上昇時に蓄冷材を流出させる流出口が設けられ、流出口が、少なくとも一部が流出口内に嵌め入れられる栓部材により閉鎖されており、栓部材を形成する材料の熱膨張率が、蓄冷材容器を形成する材料の熱膨張率よりも小さくなっている蓄冷機能付きエバポレータ。 A plurality of refrigerant circulation pipes and a plurality of metal cold storage material containers in which a cold storage material is enclosed are provided, and the cold storage material in the cold storage material container is cooled by the cold heat of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circulation pipes In the evaporator with the cold storage function
The cold storage material container is provided with an outlet for allowing the cold storage material to flow out when the internal pressure increases abnormally, and the outlet is closed by a plug member that is at least partially fitted into the outlet, and is made of a material that forms the plug member. The evaporator with a cool storage function whose thermal expansion coefficient is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the material which forms a cool storage material container.
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| JP2011228562A JP2013088016A (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2011-10-18 | Evaporator with cold storage function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2011228562A JP2013088016A (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2011-10-18 | Evaporator with cold storage function |
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| JP2013088016A true JP2013088016A (en) | 2013-05-13 |
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| JP2015010740A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-01-19 | サンデン株式会社 | Cold storage heat exchanger and its process of manufacture |
| JP2015087086A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-07 | 株式会社ケーヒン・サーマル・テクノロジー | Heat exchanger with heat storage function and manufacturing method of the same |
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