JP2013085536A - Method for growing monocotyledonous myrmecochory plant, and weed-controlling mat for growing monocotyledonous myrmecochory plant used in the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for growing monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants by which favorable and easy growth of the monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants from seeds can be attained even in an area allowing competing weeds and/or ants to appear: and to provide a weed-control mat for growing monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants used in the method.SOLUTION: The method for growing monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants includes placing seeds 1a of monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants on the ground G. The seeds 1a are covered over with nonwoven fabric 3 allowing the germs of the monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants to pass through, so as to suppress the germs of plants whose average value of the leaf width is larger than that of the monocotyledonous myrmecochory plants from passing through the nonwoven fabric 3 and to suppress the seeds 1a from being moved by ants.

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a method for growing a monocot ant spray plant used for growing monocot ant spray plants such as centipedes and a weed control mat for monocot ant spray plant growth used in this method.

  Ground cover plantes for labor-saving management in places such as paddy shores and slopes where mowing maintenance is desired because the plant height is relatively low. As a result, it has become widely used.

JP-A-2-261124

  However, centipedes are slow to grow from seeds, and when we try to plant trees using seeds, fast-growing competing weeds may grow first. Therefore, healthy growth of centipedes cannot be expected.

  Centipede is a ant-dispersed plant that has the property of attracting ants and transporting seeds to expand its habitat by elaiosomes secreted on the seed surface. Therefore, if there are ants in the vicinity after sowing, the seeds are carried away by the ants, so it is difficult to artificially concentrate the centipedes from the seeds, particularly in an area where there are many ants.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and the purpose thereof is to realize good and easy breeding from seeds of monocotyledon ant spray plants even in areas where competing weeds and ants can appear. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for growing a monocot ant spray plant that can be used and a weed control mat for monocot ant spray plant growth used in this method.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for growing a monocot ant spray plant according to the present invention is a method for growing a monocot ant spray plant in which seeds of a monocot ant spray plant are placed on the ground, the monocot ant By allowing the seeds to be covered from above with a nonwoven fabric that allows germination of the sprayed plant, the seedling of the plant having a larger average leaf width than the monocot ant sprayed plant for the nonwoven fabric, and the ant Seed migration is suppressed (claim 1).

  The growing method may be performed by laying the nonwoven fabric having at least the seed mounted on one side thereof on the ground so that the one side faces the ground (Claim 2).

  In the said growth method, it is desirable for the average of the interfiber gap width | variety which the said nonwoven fabric has is 1-5 mm (Claim 3).

In the said growth method, it is desirable that the thickness of the said nonwoven fabric is 3-20 mm, and a fabric weight is 20-100 g / m < ² > (Claim 4).

  In the growing method, a reinforcing net may be provided on the upper surface when the nonwoven fabric is laid on the ground (Claim 5).

  In the said growth method, you may provide the insecticidal component or the insect repellent component to the said nonwoven fabric (Claim 6).

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the weed control mat for monocot ant spray plant cultivation according to the present invention is used in the method for growing a monocot ant spray plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6 was provided (claim 7).

  In the present invention, even in an area where competing weeds and ants may appear, a method for growing a monocot ant spray plant that can realize good and easy growth from the seed of a monocot ant spray plant and this method A weed control mat for growing monocot ant spray plants to be used is obtained.

  That is, in the growing method of the invention according to each claim of the present application, a plant that is a competitive weed of a monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant and has an average leaf width (leaf width of cotyledons and true leaves) larger than that of a monocotyledon-scattered plant. Use a nonwoven fabric that cannot pass through (mainly dicotyledonous plants). Moreover, even when an ant is attracted to the elaiosome of the seed of a monocot ant spray plant, it can physically prevent an ant from contacting the seed by the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, even in areas where competing weeds and ants may appear, monocot ant-dispersed plants can germinate and grow in a healthy manner, and a single community of monocot ant-dispersed plants can be easily formed. And since monocot ant spray plants grow densely, once a dominant monocot ant spray plant community is formed at an early stage, the possibility that competing weeds will grow after that is extremely low, and monocot ant spray plants are This species has a relatively low plant height, which leads to a reduction in maintenance work such as mowing.

  In the growing method of the invention according to claim 2, it is not necessary to perform the work of arranging the seeds of the monocot ant spray plant separately from the laying of the nonwoven fabric (the weed control mat for monocot ant spray plant growing) on the ground. Can be simplified.

  In the growing method of the inventions according to claims 3 and 4, although there are some individual differences, the leaf width immediately after germination (leaf width) is 2 mm or less and the leaf width of the main leaf is also thin (about 1 to 5 mm). While intensively growing such monocot ant-dispersed plants, it is possible to effectively suppress the growth of competing weeds and the entry of ants that inhibit this growth.

  In the growing method of the invention which concerns on Claim 5, the improvement of durability of a nonwoven fabric (weed control mat for monocot ant spray plant cultivation) can be aimed at by the reinforcement net | network.

  In the growing method of the invention which concerns on Claim 6, the removal of the seed of the monocot ant dispersion plant by an ant can be prevented more effectively.

It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the structure of the weed control mat for monocot ant spraying plant growth used for the growing method of the monocot ant spraying plant which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the cultivation method of the said monocotyledon ant dispersion plant.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  In the method for growing a monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant according to the present embodiment (hereinafter abbreviated as “the main growing method”), FIG. A monocot ant spraying plant weed control mat (hereinafter abbreviated as “control mat”) 2 is used.

  The control mat 2 includes a non-woven fabric 3 on which at least a seed 1a of a monocot ant spray plant is mounted on one surface (one surface) 3a, and a reinforcing net (resin net) provided on the other surface 3b of the non-woven fabric 3. 4. In this example, fertilizer and various soil improvement materials are mounted on one surface 3a of the nonwoven fabric 3 in addition to the seeds 1a. In this example, the water-soluble adhesive (for example, polyvinyl alcohol) is used for the attachment of seeds 1a, fertilizer, etc. to one surface 3a of the nonwoven fabric 3 and the integration (attachment) of the net 4 to the other surface 3b. This is done by bonding.

  And in this growth method, as shown to FIG. 2 (A), one surface 3a (seed 1a mounting surface) of the nonwoven fabric 3 faces the ground (bottom) side, and the other surface 3b (net 4 mounting surface) is. The control mat 2 (nonwoven fabric 3) is laid on the ground G so as to face the top (upper) side. At this time, for example, the control mat 2 is fixed in close contact with the ground G by an appropriate method using a member such as an anchor pin.

  Here, by the laying of the control mat 2, the seed 1a is covered with the nonwoven fabric 3 from above, but even if the seed 1a germinates and grows, the nonwoven fabric 3 existing above the seed 1a is sprouting (passed). If it is not permitted to do so, seed 1a (monocot ant spray plant) cannot be sufficiently grown. In addition, even when the monocot ant spray plant (seed 1a) is allowed to germinate on the non-woven fabric 3, the non-woven fabric 3 is also allowed to germinate by competing weeds of this monocot ant spray plant. If the removal is permitted, it is difficult to reliably grow the seed 1a.

Then, in the control mat 2 used for this growing method, the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 3 is 3 to 20 mm, the basis weight is 20 to 100 g / m ² , and the average inter-fiber gap width of the nonwoven fabric 3 is 1 to 5 mm. In this example, the nonwoven fabric 3 having a basis weight of 45 g / m ² and a thickness of 6 mm is used.

That is, by making the nonwoven fabric 3 have a thickness of 3 to 20 mm, the basis weight is 20 to 100 g / m ^2, and the average inter-fiber gap width of the nonwoven fabric 3 is 1 to 5 mm. Although the leaf width (cotyledon leaf width) immediately after germination is 2 mm or less and the leaf width of the main leaf is thin (about 1 to 5 mm), the monocot ant-dispersed plant passes through the non-woven fabric 3, and the monocot ant-dispersed plant Is a competing weed that has an average leaf width (cotyledon and true leaf width) that is larger than monocotyledonous plants (mainly dicotyledonous plants, hereinafter referred to as “dicotyledonous plants”) As a result, most of the visible plants (plants extending to the nonwoven fabric 3) that do not pass through the nonwoven fabric 3 can be monocotyledonized plants.

  2A, even if dicotyledonous seeds 5a are mixed under the control mat 2, it is impossible for the dicotyledonous plants to bud through the nonwoven fabric 3. Therefore, even if the seed 5a germinates, a growth space for the seedling 5b is formed only on the lower side of the nonwoven fabric 3 (see FIG. 2 (B)). Even if the seed 5a germinates and lifts the non-woven fabric 3, the subsequent growth is suppressed by the covering effect of the non-woven fabric 3 and the monocotyledonous plants.

In addition, the non-woven fabric 3 prevents flying seeds from the ground from landing on the ground G, and even if the flying seeds stay on the surface of the non-woven fabric 3, the non-woven fabric 3 has a relatively low basis weight (20 to 100 g / m). ² ) The surface is easy to dry because it is thick (thickness is 3 to 20 mm). Therefore, the germinating seeds are inhibited from germinating and growing, and even if they germinate, they will eventually die.

  Furthermore, even when an ant is attracted to the elaiosome of the seed 1a of a monocotyledon ant spray plant, the ant comes into contact with the seed 1a because the thick nonwoven fabric 3 having a small inter-fiber gap width is in close contact with the ground G together with the seed 1a. It is extremely difficult for the ants to reach the seeds 1a, and even if the ants can reach the seeds 1a, the non-woven fabric 3 is used to carry the seeds 1a. Since the inter-fiber gap width is too small, carrying of the seed 1a by ants can be effectively suppressed. Moreover, when the nonwoven fabric 3 is in close contact with the ground G, the erosion of the ground G is also prevented.

  When the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 3 is less than 3 mm, moisture easily evaporates from the ground G, and the ground G tends to be in a dry state. Moreover, when the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 3 exceeds 20 mm, the germination rate of the monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant decreases, and the nonwoven fabric 3 also suppresses the growth of the monocotyledon ant-scattered plant. It becomes difficult to pass through, and it is disadvantageous in terms of cost. However, in the nonwoven fabric 3 of the present embodiment having a thickness of 3 to 20 mm, the evaporation of moisture from the ground G is suppressed, and precipitation is easy to pass to the natural ground, so that it is hardly affected by the weather. In addition, the moisture condition necessary for the growth of the monocot ant-dispersed plant is sufficiently satisfied, and the non-woven fabric 3 has a heat retaining property, so that the growth environment of the monocot ant-dispersed plant can be adjusted to a high level. In particular, at the boundary portion between the nonwoven fabric 3 where the seed 1a is disposed and the ground G, the nonwoven fabric 3 is kept warm and wet, so the germination rate of the seed 1a is improved and the period until the seed 1a germinates is Shorten.

  In addition, the size of the interfiber space of the nonwoven fabric 3 is an important factor in preventing the passage of plants having a larger leaf width than the monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant and preventing the ants from carrying the seed 1a. If the average interfiber spacing is less than 1 mm, the rate of germination of monocot ant sprayed plants will be drastically reduced. If it exceeds 5 mm, the rate of germination of competing weeds of monocot ant sprayed plants will be inappropriate. And the ants can easily carry out the seeds 1a.

If the nonwoven fabric 3 has a thickness of 3 to 20 mm, a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² , and the average interfiber spacing of the nonwoven fabric 3 is 1 to 5 mm, the first leaves (cotyledons) of the monocotyledonous ant spray plant and Since the leaf width of the main leaf is small, it passes through the gaps in the nonwoven fabric 3 so as to reach the surface from the back surface of the nonwoven fabric 3.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the extension pattern of the stem 1b of the monocotyledonous ant plant is divided into an upward extension pattern extending so as to crawl the upper surface of the control mat 2, and a lower side (ground surface) of the control mat 2 It can be roughly divided into two patterns: a downward extension pattern extending so as to crawl on G). And in any pattern, the root 1c of the place which germinated initially expand | extends in the ground, and since the nonwoven fabric 3 has the fabric weight and the space | gap between fibers which enable passage of the root 1c, a water | moisture content from the ground through the root 1c It will be supplied to each stem 1b and will not hinder the growth of monocotyledon ant-dispersed plants.

  Here, about the stem 1b which takes an upward extension pattern, it is confirmed by various tests that the extension of the stem 1b is quick compared with the stem 1b which takes a downward extension pattern. Although the details of the mechanism of this phenomenon are unknown, the surface of the nonwoven fabric 3 is heated to a temperature higher than the ground G, so that moderate stress is applied to the plant and the nonwoven fabric 3 is stretched to aim for a suitable growth site far from the survival instinct. Since it becomes somewhat resistant to the elongation of the root 1c, it is considered that the plant does not try to stretch the root 1c and uses its growth energy for the elongation of the stem 1b to cause the above phenomenon. . And according to this breeding method, by utilizing this phenomenon, the greening target land can be covered with the monocotyledon ant plant earlier.

  According to the present growth method using the control mat 2 having the above-described structure, the monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant is germinated and grown in a healthy manner, and the growth of its stem 1b is also promoted. Can easily form a single community of monocotyledonous plants spread over a wide area. And since monocot ant spray plants grow densely, once a dominant monocot ant spray plant community is formed at an early stage, the possibility that competing weeds will grow after that is extremely low, and monocot ant spray plants are This species has a relatively low plant height, which leads to a reduction in maintenance work such as mowing.

  In the present embodiment, since the seed 1a is attached to the nonwoven fabric 3 and the net 4 is integrated using a water-soluble adhesive, the seed 1a and the net 4 are transferred to the nonwoven fabric 3 when the control mat 2 is transported. Is effectively prevented from falling off, and the convenience of handling is improved. Further, when water is supplied to the control mat 2 by rain or watering after the control mat 2 is laid, the seed 1a is detached from the nonwoven fabric 3 and is landed (grounded) on the ground G, while the net for the nonwoven fabric 3 is placed. 4 becomes weak and it becomes easy to move the non-woven fabric 3 when the monocotyledonous vegetation plant buds the non-woven fabric 3. Both the detachment of the seed 1a from the nonwoven fabric 3 and the relaxation or release of the restraint of the nonwoven fabric 3 by the net 4 contribute to the improvement of the germination rate of the monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant.

  Then, the constituent material, the manufacturing method, and the like of the control mat 2 (nonwoven fabric 3 and net 4) may be selected and adopted so that the control mat 2 conforms to the effect of each of the above effects.

  That is, an appropriate fiber (fleece) such as polyester fiber, rayon fiber, vegetable fiber, recycled fiber, or the like can be used as the constituent material of the nonwoven fabric 3, and polyester fiber is used in this example. In addition, various methods can be adopted as a method of bonding the fleeces (fibers). For example, in the chemical bond method, since the frictional force between the fibers becomes low, the fibers may be dispersed in rainwater. On the other hand, in the needle punch method, it is possible to select that the needle punch method is preferable if these two manufacturing methods are compared from the viewpoint that the erosion prevention effect can be enhanced by tightly entwining fibers. .

  Also, the nonwoven fabric 3 is formed by mixing three or more kinds of fibers having different melting points, and heat is applied to the nonwoven fabric 3 to melt only the fibers having the lowest melting point, for example, and a part of the fibers is thermally fused to increase the strength. It is desirable. Of course, the heating temperature may be further increased to heat-seal all the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 3, but in this embodiment, only some of the contacts are fused and the fibers are entangled. By deliberately forming the part, when the monocotyledonous vegetation plant is sprouting, the gap between the fibers can be expanded and the sprouting rate is increased.

  Furthermore, it is suitable for the growth of monocotyledon vegetation plants that the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 3 are of a dark color type (for example, black, gray, dark green, etc. with no gloss) and the heat storage property of the nonwoven fabric 3 is further enhanced. And when the heat storage property of the nonwoven fabric 3 is enhanced in this way, the temperature increases to a level suitable for plant growth in the cold season, but there are appropriate voids in the nonwoven fabric 3 having a predetermined basis weight and thickness. Therefore, even if it is extremely hot, the monocotyledon ant dispersal plant does not die out due to radiant heat, and it becomes an environment suitable for the growth of individuals that have been sprouting throughout the year. Combined with good moisture conditions on the natural ground side, vigorous growth of monocotyledonous ant dispersal plants becomes possible, and the expansion of the stem 1b which expands the stem 1b in all directions and takes the above-mentioned upward extension pattern becomes remarkable. .

  Examples of the constituent material of the net 4 include corrosive materials (vegetable fibers such as cotton, silk, hemp and jute, regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon), corrosion resistant materials (synthetic fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene, strong rayon). , Corrosive materials subjected to antiseptic treatment, etc.), and blended fibers composed of corrosive fibers and corrosion-resistant fibers can be used. Moreover, the mesh | network of the net | network 4 should just be a magnitude | size which does not disturb the germination growth of a monocot ant spray plant.

  Table 1 shows a control mat 2 according to the present embodiment, a vegetation sheet as a comparative product (a net, a sheet of rayon, and seeds and fertilizer in this order from the top) and a palm fiber net (palm). The result of the test which aimed at the vegetation of centipedeba (an example of another cotyledon ant dispersal plant) using each of which seed and fertilizer were arranged under the fiber net is shown.

  As is apparent from Table 1, weed growth was more effectively suppressed and centipede growth was much more vigorous when using the control mat 2 of this embodiment than when using a comparative product. Become.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment at all, Of course, it can change and implement variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the following modifications can be given.

  Along with the seeds 1a, monocotyledonous seeds that are not ant-dispersed plants such as wild buckwheat may be mounted (supported) on one surface 3a of the nonwoven fabric 3.

  In the above embodiment, the seed 1a is attached to the nonwoven fabric 3 with a water-soluble adhesive. For example, a thin sheet (water-soluble paper, ultra-thin nonwoven fabric, etc.) and the nonwoven fabric 3 are used to attach the seed 1a. The seed 1a is sandwiched between the sheet 1 and the nonwoven fabric 3 so that the sheet 3 and the nonwoven fabric 3 are integrated by appropriate means such as glue, stitching, and stapling. Other attachment methods such as attaching the sheet-like body to the nonwoven fabric 3 by appropriate means (glue, stitching, stapling, etc.) can be employed.

  The seed 1a may not be attached to the nonwoven fabric 3, but the seed 1a may be seeded on the ground G and the fertilizer and the like may be disposed (spreading etc.) first, and then the nonwoven fabric 3 (control mat 2) may be laid thereon. In addition, when the ground G is fertile, the installation and arrangement of fertilizers may be omitted.

  In the above embodiment, the net 4 is provided on the upper surface when the nonwoven fabric 3 is laid on the ground G. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the net 4 may not be provided. The net 4 may be laid. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the net | network 4 is mounted | worn with the nonwoven fabric 3 with the water-soluble adhesive, other mounting | wearing methods, such as a sewing and stapling, can be employ | adopted for the mounting | wearing of the net | network 4.

  The nonwoven fabric 3 may be provided with an insecticidal component or an insect repellent component. As the application method, for example, those components are mixed into the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 3 and the paint applied to the fibers, the nonwoven fabric 3 is impregnated with a liquid containing those components, and the liquid is sprayed onto the nonwoven fabric 3. A method is mentioned.

  Needless to say, the modifications described in the embodiment or after the description may be combined as appropriate.

1a Seeds (of monocot ant sprayed plants) 1b (of monocot ant sprayed plants) Panicle 1c (of monocot ant sprayed plants) Roots 2 Control mat (weed control mat for monocot ant sprayed plant growth)
3 Nonwoven fabric 3a One side 3b The other side 4 Net 5a Seeds 5b (such as dicotyledonous plants) Seeds 5b (such as dicotyledonous plants) Seedlings G Ground

Claims (7)

  A method for nurturing a monocot ant spray plant that places seeds of a monocot ant spray plant on the ground, wherein the seed is covered from above by a non-woven fabric that allows germination of the monocot ant spray plant. A method for growing a monocot ant-dispersed plant, comprising suppressing the buds of a plant having a larger average leaf width than the monocot ant-dispersed plant on the non-woven fabric and the movement of the seed by the ants.   The method for growing a monocotyledon-dispersed plant according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric having at least the seed mounted on one side is laid on the ground such that the one side faces the ground.   The method for growing a monocotyledon ant-dispersed plant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an average inter-fiber gap width of the nonwoven fabric is 1 to 5 mm. The method for growing a monocot ant-dispersed plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a thickness of 3 to ²⁰ mm and a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m2.   The method for growing a monocot ant-dispersed plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a reinforcing net is provided on an upper surface when the nonwoven fabric is laid on the ground.   The method for growing a monocotyledon ant-scattering plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an insecticidal component or an insect repellent component is added to the nonwoven fabric.   The weed for monocot ant spraying plant cultivation which was used for the growth method of the monocot ant spraying plant as described in any one of Claims 1-6, and was equipped with the nonwoven fabric as described in any one of Claims 1-6. Control mat.

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