JP2013085437A - Static electricity generation method and device for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a static electricity generation method for efficiently extracting static electricity from a body charged with the static electricity and storing it, and a device for the method.SOLUTION: There is basically provided a static electricity generation method for mainly comprising: a step of forming a capacitor 13 by confronting a first conductor 2 and second conductor 3 with each other between which a ferroelectric substance 51 intervenes; a step of storing charge in the capacitor 13 in a state that the second conductor 3 is grounded and the first conductor 2 is held under an insulation condition; and a step of storing the charge stored in the capacitor 13 in a secondary battery by releasing the second conductor 3 from the ground and connecting the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3 to the secondary battery.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrostatic power generation method and apparatus for efficiently charging static electricity and efficiently taking out and storing the charged static electricity.

  Modern society is supported by mass consumption of exhaustible energy using fossil fuels and reserve resources. Based on this current situation, it is possible to take out environmental phenomena on a global scale and a stable energy supply in the future, so that it can be extracted from phenomena that occur repeatedly in the natural environment, and it is a clean energy that does not emit environmental impact substances. There is a strong demand for the spread of possible energy. In particular, in Japan, with the major changes in the social environment due to recent unprecedented disasters, it has become an urgent issue to develop a new power source that is practical and usable in daily life for stable power supply. ing.

  By the way, it is well known that the movement of electrons occurs between substances due to contact, friction, separation or collision between substances, and static electricity is generated. That is, the side receiving the charge (electrons) is negatively charged, and the other is positively charged. Conventionally, static electricity causes discomfort due to electric shock, various harms in daily life, and can cause fires and explosions at manufacturing sites and work sites, so research and development of antistatic measures and static elimination methods have been conducted exclusively. It was.

  In some cases, research and development related to air cleaners that use static electricity and power generation devices that use static electricity are also seen. For example, in order to generate an electrostatic high voltage by wind power and expand the use of wind energy, it is connected to a windmill rotating by wind, a speed increaser connected to the rotation shaft of the windmill, and an output shaft of the speed increaser A wind electrostatic generator including an electrostatic generator that generates static electricity has been proposed (Patent Document 1). In addition, as a means for accumulating electrostatic energy, an electrostatic power generator has been proposed in which static electricity generated by a static electricity generator is stored in an electric double layer capacitor and the capacitor is discharged by a switch operation by a control device (Patent Document 2).

JP 07-123039 A JP 2001-57785 A

  Each of the conventional electrostatic power generation devices shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is configured to charge an insulator and can obtain a high potential. However, in order to move the charged charge, an extraction terminal is used. It is necessary to contact the entire surface of the charged insulator. For this reason, it is difficult to take out charges, and the amount of charge (current amount) that can be taken out per unit time is small, so that the use is limited and not widespread. For example, also in Patent Document 2, a plurality of collector electrodes are arranged on a fixed disk that is an insulator such as animal leather, and charges can be taken out only from the place where the collector electrodes are installed. Therefore, no matter how high the electric charge is charged in the fixed disk, it cannot be taken out effectively. Therefore, the use of the conventional electrostatic power generation device has a limited use and is not widely spread. For example, a wind electrostatic generator using a windmill according to Patent Document 1 is only used as a wind warning device for a windmill by lighting a neon tube, and is a new power source that is practical and versatile in daily life. Has not been provided.

  When the conductor is charged instead of the insulator, if the extraction terminal is brought into contact with one place of the conductor, the electric charge moves to the extraction terminal, so that the electric charge can be easily taken out. . However, even if the charge amount of the conductor (electron transfer amount) is the same, the conductor is a conductor, so if there is a place with a small insulation resistance somewhere, the charge is dissipated from there and the high potential is maintained. Is difficult.

  Therefore, in electrostatic power generation, if the insulator is charged in order to obtain a high potential, it is difficult to extract the charge. On the other hand, if the conductor is charged to facilitate the extraction of the charge, Since it is difficult to obtain a high potential, a power generation device that actively uses static electricity has not been provided.

  Therefore, the present inventors have solved the above-described conventional problems, can charge a sufficient amount of charge that is practical in daily life, and efficiently take out the charged charge and store it, thereby creating a new charge. It is an object of the present invention to provide a versatile electrostatic power generation method and apparatus that can be used as a power source.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention basically provides an electrostatic power generation method for storing static electricity by sequentially performing the following steps A to F.
Step A: A step of charging a charged body held under insulating conditions with an electrostatic charge.
Step B: charging the first conductor to the first conductor by electrostatic induction by bringing the first conductor into contact with the charged body with a ferroelectric interposed therebetween and grounding the first conductor. .
Step C: A step of releasing the grounding of the first conductor and eliminating the influence of the Coulomb force from the charged body.
Step D: A step of forming a capacitor by causing the first conductor to face each other with a ferroelectric interposed in the second conductor.
Step E: Step of storing electric charge in the capacitor while grounding the second conductor and holding the first conductor under insulating conditions.
Step F: A step of releasing the grounding of the second conductor, connecting the first conductor and the second conductor to the secondary battery, and storing the electric charge stored in the capacitor in the secondary battery.

  In step A, the charged body is frictionally charged by bringing a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charged column into contact with the charged body, and the liquid CFC is heated with the substance having the difference between the charged body and the charged column. The charged gas is sprayed onto and contacted with the obtained gas. Liquid fluorocarbon is gasified using solar heat, a glass plate is used as a charged body, and a substance selected from polytetrafluoroethylene pellets, polypropylene pellets, polyethylene pellets as a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charged train or Use multiple.

  In Step B, the charged body and the first conductor are made to have the same shape, the first conductor is brought close to the charged body, faced, and the first conductor is grounded, so that electrons are released from the first conductor to the ground. Alternatively, electrons are absorbed from the ground into the first conductor. In addition, a ferroelectric is attached to the surface of the charged body that faces the first conductor. In step C, the grounding of the first conductor is released to hold the charged electric charge on the first conductor, and the first conductor is separated from the charged body, thereby affecting the influence of the Coulomb force from the charged body. Exclude.

  In step D, a ferroelectric is attached to the surface of the second conductor facing the first conductor, and the battery is used as the secondary battery in step F. Further, barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate or niobic acid is used as the ferroelectric in the process B and the process D. Moreover, aluminum, nickel, steel, or copper is used as a material of the first conductor and the second conductor.

  As an electrostatic power generation device, a charged body held under an insulating condition, a charging device that charges the charged body with electrostatic charges, a first conductor disposed so as to face the charged body, and a first conductor of the charged body A ferroelectric body mounted on a surface facing the first conductor, first grounding means capable of grounding and releasing the first conductor, means for eliminating the influence of Coulomb force on the first conductor from the charged body, first conductivity A second conductor that forms a capacitor facing the body, a ferroelectric that is mounted on the surface of the second conductor facing the first conductor, and a second grounding means capable of grounding and releasing the second conductor And a secondary battery connected to the first conductor and the second conductor.

  Then, as the charging device, a charging device that frictionally charges the charged body with electrostatic charges by bringing a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charging train into contact with the charged body, or as the charging device, Using a charging device that frictionally charges the charged body with electrostatic charges by injecting the substance having a difference in the charging train to the charged body with the gas obtained by heating the liquid Freon and bringing it into contact, Gasify using

  In addition, a glass plate is used as the charged body, and one or more selected from polytetrafluoroethylene pellets, polypropylene pellets, and polyethylene pellets are used as the substance having a difference between the charged body and the charged train. One conductor is made into the same shape, and the first conductor is configured to be able to approach and leave the charged body.

  As the first grounding means, a ground terminal is used which is connected to the first conductor when the first conductor approaches the charged body and is detached from the first conductor when the first conductor is separated from the charged body. By connecting a ground terminal to the first conductor and grounding the first conductor, electrons are released from the first conductor to the ground or absorbed from the ground into the first conductor. By removing the first conductor from the ground terminal, the first conductor is rotated as a means for holding the electric charge charged in the first conductor and eliminating the influence of the Coulomb force on the first conductor from the charged body. It is configured to be movable, and is configured to be close to and separated from the charged body.

  Further, the first conductor and the second conductor have the same shape, and the first conductor is configured to be close to the second conductor so as to be able to face and detach, and a battery is used as a secondary battery.

  According to the present invention described above, it is possible to obtain a high potential by charging a charged body that holds static electricity under insulating conditions, and to charge the conductor by electrostatic induction. The first conductor can be efficiently taken out. Then, the electric charge charged in the first conductor can be stored in a capacitor in which the first conductor faces the second conductor with a ferroelectric interposed therebetween. At that time, a polarization effect is caused by the ferroelectric substance interposed between the first conductor and the second conductor, and the capacitance of the capacitor is remarkably increased. Therefore, a new power source that is practical and versatile. Can be stored in the capacitor. Moreover, in the present invention, since the electric charge is stored from the conductor, the terminal for collecting current may be provided at one place, and the removal of the charged static electricity is performed instantaneously, which is efficient.

  In other words, according to the present invention, by separating the charge charging process and the extraction process so as to be performed under suitable conditions, both the charging and extraction of static electricity are made efficient, and the charged body charged with static electricity can be separated. Static electricity can be efficiently taken out and stored, and a new power source that can be practically used in daily life can be provided.

Side surface explanatory drawing of an electrostatic power generator. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. Plane | planar explanatory drawing which shows the process of an electrostatic power generation method. The whole system diagram of an electrostatic generator. The whole system diagram of an electrostatic generator. Explanatory drawing which shows a use condition.

  In the present invention, in order to obtain a high potential, after charging a charged body holding static electricity under an insulating condition, the charge is easily charged by charging the conductor by electrostatic induction. It has the characteristics. In other words, by separating the charge charging and extraction processes so as to be performed under suitable conditions, both the electrostatic charging and extraction are made efficient, and a new power source that can be used in daily life is provided. It is.

  The electrostatic power generation method according to the present invention stores the static electricity by sequentially performing the following steps A to F, and uses it as a power source. Hereinafter, embodiments of the electrostatic power generation method will be described for each process based on the drawings, together with the configuration of the electrostatic power generation apparatus to be used. FIG. 1 is an explanatory side view of an electrostatic power generation device, and FIGS. 2 to 8 are plan explanatory views showing steps of the electrostatic power generation method. In the figure, 1 is a charged body, 2 is a first conductor, and 3 is a second. It is a conductor.

[Step A]
First, as step A, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the charged body 1 held under the insulating condition is charged with electrostatic charges.

  The charged body 1 is made of a dielectric material having a predetermined area such as glass, and in the illustrated example, is formed in a body shape curved in an arc shape. The charged body 1 is held under insulating conditions with a convex curved surface 1a surrounded by an insulating casing 4. Reference numeral 1 b denotes a concave curved surface of the charging body 1, which is formed on the surface opposite to the convex curved surface 1 a and is exposed to the outside of the insulating housing 4. A ferroelectric 50 is integrally mounted on the entire surface of the concave curved surface 1b. It should be noted that a conductor can be used as the material of the charged body 1 as long as it is held by the insulating casing 4 under insulating conditions. To the charged body 1 in the insulating housing 4, a spray material 5 as a solid having the difference as much as possible in the charged body 1 and the charged train, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene pellets, polypropylene pellets, polyethylene pellets, aluminum Spray one or more selected from the pellets.

Ferroelectric 50 is a kind of dielectric, and refers to a substance in which electric dipoles are aligned without an external electric field, and the direction of the dipole can be changed by the electric field. Barium titanate (dielectric constant 1700 ε / ε ₀ or more), lead zirconate titanate (dielectric constant 1700 ε / ε ₀ or more) or niobic acid (dielectric constant 2500 ε / ε ₀ or more) is used. In this embodiment, barium titanate is used as the ferroelectric 50.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the spray material 5 is stored in the spray material tank 6, and the bottom of the spray material tank 6 is formed to communicate with the spray pipe 7. Therefore, by spraying the insulating gas 8 onto the spray tube 7, the spray substance 5 also contacts the charged body 1 together with the insulating gas 8 and falls below the insulating housing 4. The spray tube 7 enters the insulating housing 4, the large diameter portion 7 a is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the convex curved surface 1 a of the charging body 1, and the discharge port 7 b for the spray material 5 is formed at the bottom. Therefore, the charged body 1 located in the insulating housing 4 is surrounded by the spray tube 7 except for the discharge port 7 b of the spray material 5.

  When the spray material 5 comes into contact with the charged body 1 and leaves, the electrons are transferred by contact charging, frictional charging, collision charging, etc., and the charged body 1 is charged positively or negatively. When a glass plate is used as the charging body 1 and the above-described polytetrafluoroethylene pellets are used as the spraying substance 5, the charging body 1 made of the glass plate is positively charged according to the charging train (see FIG. 3). . By using a dielectric as the charged body 1, a high potential charge can be charged.

  The insulating gas 8 is not particularly limited as long as it has insulating properties, and air or other appropriate gas may be selected. In addition, it can be used repeatedly, if preferably liquefied gas, such as various CFCs, is used. For example, chlorofluorocarbon R116 and the like have insulating performance and are gasified at about 60 ° C., and liquefied by being cooled to room temperature after gasification. Therefore, if it is gasified and used for spraying the spray material 5 and then left in the insulating casing 4, it is naturally cooled to about 30 ° C. and liquefied, so that the insulating casing 4 is similar to the steam drain. Thus, it is possible to circulate and use by discharging it to the liquid tank. Therefore, using the gas obtained by heating liquid chlorofluorocarbon as the insulating gas 8, the spraying substance 5 is jetted and brought into contact with the charged body 1, and gasification is performed using solar heat as a heat source for heating the liquid chlorofluorocarbon gas. In this way, renewable energy that does not emit environmental impact substances can be used.

  The spraying substance 5 is also charged positively or negatively after collision with the charged body 1. When a glass plate is used as the charged body 1 and the above-described polytetrafluoroethylene pellets are used as the spraying material 5, the spraying material 5 made of polytetrafluoroethylene pellets is negatively charged in accordance with the charging train. . Therefore, in order to reuse the spraying material 5, the spraying material 5 is electrically neutralized by grounding the insulating housing 4 or the spraying tube 7.

[Step B]
Next, as step B, as shown in FIG. 4, the first conductor 2 faces the charged body 1 with a ferroelectric 50 interposed, and the first conductor 2 is a first ground comprising a ground terminal. By connecting to the means 9 and grounding, the first conductor 2 is charged by electrostatic induction with a charge opposite to the charge charged on the charged body 1.

  The first conductor 2 is not limited as long as it is a conductive material, but in particular, a metal material having electrical conductivity such as aluminum, nickel, steel, or copper and having low electrical resistance is preferable. In this embodiment, aluminum is used. The first conductor 2 is formed in an arcuate shape that is the same shape as the charged body 1, and has a concave curved surface 2 b on an arm 12 that extends in a horizontal direction from a rotary shaft 11 that is suspended from the rotary bearing 10. Is fixed. Then, in the process A in which the charged body 1 is charged, the first conductor 2 is separated from the charged body 1, for example, the position of the second conductor 3 rotated 180 degrees from the charged body 1 as shown in FIG. It is in. The arm 12 is made of an insulating material or held in an insulated state.

  After sufficiently charging the charged body 1 by the process A, the rotating shaft 11 is rotated in the clockwise direction so that the convex curved surface 2a of the first conductor 2 is changed to the concave curved surface 1b of the charged body 1. Make them face each other. At this time, between the concave curved surface 1b of the charged body 1 and the convex curved surface 2a of the first conductor 2, the ferroelectric 50 attached integrally to the concave curved surface 1b is interposed. Further, as the first conductor 2 rotates, the concave curved surface 2b of the first conductor 2 is connected to the first grounding means 9 comprising a ground terminal, and when facing the charging body 1, the first conductor 2 Is grounded. The first grounding means 9 may be simply contact (spring-like contact), and is connected or released as the first conductor 2 rotates.

  Between the concave curved portion 1b of the charged body 1 and the convex curved portion 2a of the first conductor 2 when facing each other as shown in FIG. The ferroelectric 50 is interposed. The charged body 1 and the first conductor 2 have the same shape and are completely opposed to each other, and the fact that the interval at the time of facing is close also causes the Coulomb force to act appropriately, and the charge charged to the first conductor 2 It is preferable from the viewpoint of increasing the amount. The shapes of the charged body 1 and the first conductor 2 do not have to be curved, and any shape can be used as long as electrostatic induction is generated in the first conductor 2 due to the charge charged on the charged body 1. Shape may be sufficient.

  In the present invention, since the ferroelectric body 50 is interposed between the charged body 1 and the first conductor 2, negative charges are generated on the inner surface of the ferroelectric body 50 facing the charged body 1 due to dielectric polarization. A positive charge is charged on the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50 facing the conductor 2. The positive curved surface 2a of the first conductor 2 facing the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50 charged with a positive charge is charged to the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50 by electrostatic induction. A negative charge opposite to the charge is generated, and the same positive charge as the charge charged on the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50 is generated in the concave curved portion 2 b of the first conductor 2. At this time, since the first conductor 2 is grounded by the first grounding means 9 comprising a ground terminal, the electrons e are absorbed from the ground until the same amount as the positive charge charged on the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50. Or escape to the earth. Accordingly, the first conductor 2 is charged with a negative charge opposite to the positive charge charged on the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50 by the same amount as the positive charge charged on the outer surface of the ferroelectric 50.

  The charged body 1 may be charged not only positively but also negatively. When the charged body 1 is negatively charged, positive charges are attracted to the convex curved surface 2 a of the first conductor 2 by electrostatic induction, and the first conductor 2 is grounded by the first grounding means 9. Therefore, the negative charge charged on the concave curved surface 2b escapes to the ground.

[Step C]
Next, as step C, as shown in FIG. 5, the first conductor 2 is detached from the first grounding means 9 to release the grounding, and the influence of the Coulomb force from the charged body 1 is eliminated.

  In step B, the first conductor 2 is charged with a charge opposite to the charge charged on the charged body 1 by electrostatic induction due to the charge charged on the charged body 1, and then the rotating shaft 11 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise. By moving the first conductor 2 away from the first grounding means 9 and releasing the grounding, the first conductor 2 is released to the position where the influence of the Coulomb force from the charged body 1 is eliminated while maintaining the charged amount of charge. 1 Conductor 2 is separated. Since the Coulomb force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, it is effective to be slightly separated from the charged body 1. However, in order to completely eliminate the influence of the Coulomb force on the charged body 1, an insulator is interposed. The electrostatic shielding may be performed. Since the first conductor 2 is spontaneously discharged when left for a long time, it is desirable to place the atmosphere in an insulating state (insulating gas atmosphere, vacuum, etc.) in as short a time as possible.

[Step D]
Next, as step D, as shown in FIG. 6, a capacitor is formed by allowing the first conductor 2 to face the second conductor 3 with a ferroelectric 51 interposed therebetween.

The second conductor 3 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material, but is particularly preferably a metal material having electrical conductivity such as aluminum, nickel, steel, or copper and having low electrical resistance. In this embodiment, aluminum is used. The second conductor 3 is formed in an arcuate shape that is the same shape as the first conductor 2, and is erected at a predetermined position facing the rotation locus of the first conductor 2. A ferroelectric 51 is integrally attached to the entire surface of the concave curved surface 3 b of the second conductor 3. The ferroelectric 51 is a kind of dielectric, and refers to a substance in which electric dipoles are aligned even if there is no external electric field, and the direction of the dipole can be changed by the electric field. Barium acid (dielectric constant 1700 ε / ε ₀ or more), lead zirconate titanate (dielectric constant 1700 ε / ε ₀ or more) or niobic acid (dielectric constant 2500 ε / ε ₀ or more) is used. In this embodiment, barium titanate is used.

  Then, the rotating shaft 11 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise from the position shown in FIG. 5 in the process C, and the first conductor 2 charged with the charge opposite to the charge charged in the charging body 1 in the process B is changed to the first conductor 2. The capacitor 13 is formed facing the two conductors 3.

  That is, when the convex curved surface 2a of the first conductor 2 and the concave curved surface 3b of the second conductor 3 face each other with a certain distance, the first conductor 2, the second conductor 3, and the second conductor 3 The capacitor 13 is formed by the ferroelectric 51 as an insulator existing between the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3, and air or vacuum.

[Step E]
Next, as step E, the second conductor 3 is grounded, and charges are stored in the capacitor 13 while the first conductor 2 is held under insulating conditions.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the connection terminal 16 connected to the second conductor 3 and the three-way relay 18 connected to the diode 17 are switched and connected to the second grounding means 19 comprising a ground terminal to be grounded. Further, the relay 20 connected to the connection terminal 15 connected to the first conductor 2 is disconnected, and the first conductor 2 is kept under an insulating condition.

  In the present invention, since the ferroelectric 51 is interposed between the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3, a positive charge is applied to the outer surface of the ferroelectric 51 facing the first conductor 2 due to dielectric polarization. However, a negative charge is charged on the inner surface of the ferroelectric 51 facing the second conductor 3. The negative curved surface 3b of the second conductor 3 facing the inner surface of the ferroelectric 51 charged with a negative charge is charged with a negative charge charged on the inner surface of the ferroelectric 51 by electrostatic induction. The opposite positive charge is generated, and the negative charge same as the charge charged on the inner surface of the ferroelectric 51 is generated on the convex curved surface 3 a of the second conductor 3. At this time, the connection terminal 16 of the second conductor 3 is grounded by connecting the three-way relay 18 to the second grounding means 19 (when the second conductor 3 is kept in an insulated state during charging). Is connected to the second grounding means 19 after charging and the second conductor 3 is grounded), and the second conductor 3 has the same amount as the negative charge charged on the inner surface of the ferroelectric 51. Until then, the electrons e are absorbed from the ground by electrostatic induction or escape to the ground. Accordingly, the positive charge opposite to the negative charge charged on the inner surface of the ferroelectric 51 is charged in the second conductor 3 by the same amount as the positive charge charged on the outer surface of the ferroelectric 51.

  As a result, the negative charge of the first conductor 2 and the positive charge of the second conductor 3 are strongly attracted to form a strong electric field, and the first conductor 2 is used as the second conductor 3 and the ferroelectric 51 is formed. Charges corresponding to the capacitance of the capacitor 13 formed by interposing and facing each other are stored. Since the capacitance (C) of the capacitor 13 is obtained by dielectric constant (ε) × electrode area (S) ÷ distance between electrodes (d), the distance between the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3 is small, The larger the area, the greater the capacitance. In particular, in the present invention, since the ferroelectric 51 having a high dielectric constant is used as the insulator interposed between the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3, the capacitance of the capacitor 13 can be increased. As a result, a large amount of charge can be stored in the capacitor 13.

[Step F]
Then, as Step F, the grounding of the second conductor 3 is released, the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3 are connected to the battery 14 as a secondary battery, and the charge stored in the capacitor 13 is stored. The battery 14 is stored as a secondary battery.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the three-way relay 18 is switched to release the connection with the second grounding means 19, and the three-way relay 18 connected to the connection terminal 16 of the second conductor 3 is connected to the positive electrode 14 a of the battery 14. Connecting. At the same time, the disconnected relay 20 is connected, and the connection terminal 15 of the first conductor 2 is connected to the negative electrode 14 b of the battery 14. Further, a diode 17 is arranged for connection between the second conductor 3 and the positive electrode 14 a of the battery 14. The negatively charged first conductor 2 and the negative electrode 14b of the battery 14 may be grounded without being connected.

  As shown in FIG. 7, by connecting a capacitor 13 storing electric charge to a battery 14 as a secondary battery, the electric charge stored in the capacitor 13 is stored in a battery 14 as a secondary battery. Any secondary battery that can store electricity can be used without being limited to the battery 14.

  The potential (V) of the capacitor 13 is obtained by charge amount (Q) ÷ capacitance (C). Therefore, when the potential (V) exceeds the voltage of the battery 14 (for example, 12V, 24V, etc.), the battery 14 can be charged. The potential V of the capacitor 13 changes depending on the load (the impedance of the battery is low and decreases simultaneously with the connection), but since the electric charge moves from the capacitor 13 until the potential decreases to the potential of the battery 14, it can be stored in the battery 14. . The diode 17 is for preventing a reverse current flow.

  In the illustrated example, the first conductor 2 is negatively charged and the second conductor 3 is positively charged. That is, the positively charged one of the first conductor 2 or the second conductor 3 may be connected to the positive electrode 14a of the battery 14, and the negatively charged one is connected to the negative electrode 14b or grounded. Just do it.

  FIG. 8 shows a state in which the first conductor 2, which has finished storing power in the battery 14, is separated from the second conductor 3 and is in a neutralized state. That is, from the state shown in FIG. 7, the rotating shaft 11 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise, the first conductor 2 is detached from the connection terminal 15, the connection with the battery 14 is released, and the first conductor 2 is in a neutralized state. Then, again, the charged body 1 charged with the charge shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is made to face the first conductor 2 as shown in FIG. 4 and charged by electrostatic induction. The battery 14 is continuously charged by continuously repeating the steps shown in FIG. In addition, the charging operation to the charged body 1 is not necessary every time, and it may be recharged when the charged body 1 is discharged and the efficiency is lowered.

  Next, a second embodiment of the electrostatic power generation method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. About the same structure as 1st Embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-8, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted. FIG. 9 is an overall system diagram of an electrostatic power generation apparatus that uses renewable energy as a charging means for the charged body 1, and is an example in which chlorofluorocarbon (for example, chlorofluorocarbon R116), which is a liquefied gas, is used as the insulating gas 8. . In the figure, 24 is a liquefaction tank, which stores the insulating gas 8 in a liquid state. The liquid insulating gas 8 is supplied from the liquefaction tank 24 through the pipe 25 to the heating tank 26, and while passing through the heating tank 26, the liquid insulating gas 8 is heated directly or indirectly to form a gas. Make it.

  Water or an appropriate liquid is stored or circulated in the heating tank 26 and is heated by solar heat 27. As the insulating gas 8 passes through the pipe 25 located in the heated water in the heating tank 26 or in an appropriate liquid, the liquid insulating gas 8 is gasified. A check valve 28 for preventing the backflow of the gasified insulating gas 8 is disposed in the pipe 25 between the liquefaction tank 24 and the heating tank 26. Although the liquid insulating gas 8 can be directly heated by solar heat, it cannot be heated at night. Therefore, the liquid insulating gas 8 can be indirectly heated by using a heat retaining liquid such as water that can be driven for 24 hours. A means for heating is appropriate.

  By passing through the heating tank 26, the gasified insulating gas 8 is supplied to the pressure valve 29 by the pipe 25, adjusted and held at a predetermined pressure, and supplied to the switching valve 31 by the pipe 30. The insulating gas 8 is supplied from the switching valve 31 to the blowing pipe 32, and the blowing pipe 32 enters the closed casing 33 and insulates the charged body 1 held in the casing 33 under insulating conditions. Gas 8 is injected. A supply pipe 34 is connected to the spray pipe 32 in the casing 33, a negative pressure is generated by the injection of the insulating gas 8 from the spray pipe 32, and the spray substance 5 stored in the casing 33 is supplied to the supply pipe 34. 34, the spraying substance 5 together with the insulating gas 8 is sprayed onto and contacts the charged body 1, and when leaving, the electrons are transferred by contact charging, friction charging, collision charging, etc. Negatively charged.

  A method and an apparatus for storing electricity from the capacitor 13 formed by the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3 to the battery 14 from the electrostatic induction of the electric charge charged in the charged body 1 to the first conductor 2 are firstly implemented. It is the same as the form.

  In this 2nd Embodiment, since the required quantity of the spraying substance 5 is accommodated in the housing | casing 33, the spraying substance tank 6 used in 1st Embodiment is unnecessary. The spraying substance 5 is also charged positively or negatively after collision with the charged body 1. When a glass plate is used as the charged body 1 and the above-described polytetrafluoroethylene pellets are used as the spraying material 5, the spraying material 5 made of polytetrafluoroethylene pellets is negatively charged in accordance with the charging train. . Therefore, in order to reuse the spraying substance 5, the grounding terminal 35 is connected to the casing 33 and grounded, so that the spraying substance 5 is electrically neutralized.

  On the other hand, the insulating gas 8 transferred from the pressure valve 29 to the switching valve 31 via the pipe 30 is branched by the switching valve 31 and supplied as a power source to the rotary shaft 11 via the pipe 37. The insulating gas 8 that has rotationally driven the rotary shaft 11 is discharged from the rotary shaft 11 to the housing 33 via the pipe 38.

  The insulating gas 8 injected into the charging body 1 in the casing 33 and the insulating gas 8 discharged from the rotating shaft 11 are transferred from the casing 33 to the cooling tank 21 via the pipe 36 and attached to the cooling tank 21. The heat is radiated to the atmosphere by the fins 21a and liquefied. The liquefied liquid insulating gas 8 is supplied to the liquefaction tank 24 through the drain valve 23 by the pipe 22, and is circulated and used thereafter.

  Next, a third embodiment of the electrostatic power generation method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. About the same structure as 1st Embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-8 and 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted. FIG. 10 is an overall system diagram of an electrostatic power generator that uses renewable energy as a charging means for the charged body 1, and the insulating gas 8 supplied from the pressure valve 29 to the rotary shaft 11 via the pipe 41 is rotated. After driving the shaft 11, it is supplied to the spray tube 42, and the spray tube 42 enters the closed housing 33, and the insulating gas 8 is directed toward the charged body 1 held in the housing 33 under insulating conditions. Inject. A supply pipe 34 is connected to the spray pipe 42 in the housing 33, a negative pressure is generated by the injection of the insulating gas 8 from the spray pipe 42, and the spray substance 5 stored in the housing 33 is supplied to the supply pipe 34. 34, the spraying substance 5 together with the insulating gas 8 is sprayed onto and contacts the charged body 1, and when leaving, the electrons are transferred by contact charging, friction charging, collision charging, etc. Negatively charged. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.

  The battery 14 that has been charged can be used in various fields as a versatile power source that can be used in daily life. For example, the battery 14 of the electrostatic power generator according to the present invention installed in a general home is connected to a DC-AC converter 43 as shown in FIG. It can be used as a power source for various electric appliances such as an electric lamp 45, a fluorescent lamp 46, a television 47, and a refrigerator 48 through the electric panel 44.

  Next, examples of the electrostatic power generation method according to the present invention will be described. A glass plate having a side of 10 cm × 10 cm is used as the charging body 1 with a predetermined curvature, and an aluminum plate having the same shape as the charging body 1 is used as the first conductor 2 and the second conductor 3. Then, barium titanate was disposed as the ferroelectrics 50 and 51 on the entire surface of the concave curved surface 1b of the charged body 1 and the concave curved surface 3b of the second conductor 3. As the spray material 5, an appropriate amount of polytetrafluoroethylene pellets was used. Then, the spraying time of the spraying substance 5 is set to 300 seconds, 180 seconds, 60 seconds, and 30 seconds, and the charged body 1 is charged with electric charge. Charge was stored in the capacitor 13 formed of the body 2, the second conductor 3 and the ferroelectric 51. The charge amount of the charged body 1 is measured, and the total charge amount of the capacitor 13 obtained from the charge amount of the charged body 1 by the first conductor 2 rotating once is measured with a voltmeter, and the measured total charge amount The energy was calculated from the capacitance of the capacitor 13. And the electric power per rotation was calculated from the obtained energy amount. The results are shown in Table 1. The energy was calculated using the following formula.

As shown in Table 1, in Example 1 with a spraying time of 300 seconds, the total charge amount due to the first conductor 2 rotating once is 1.853 × 10 ⁻⁷ (C). Since the electric capacity is 8.693 × 10 ⁻⁸ (F), the energy obtained from this total charge amount is 1.975 × 10 ⁻⁷ (J / time). The electric power per one rotation obtained from this energy is 1.975 × 10 ⁻⁷ (W). Similarly, in Example 2 with a spraying time of 180 seconds, 1.203 × 10 ⁻⁷ (W / time), in Example 3 with a spraying time of 60 seconds, 8.887 × 10 ⁻⁸ (W / time) and with a spraying time of 30 seconds. In Example 4, the power of 6.771 × 10 ⁻⁸ (W / time) could be obtained. This power is obtained by rotating the first conductor 2 once, and in the first to fourth embodiments, the first conductor 2 is rotated at a speed of 300 times per minute, so that 1 second. The charge charged to the charged body 1 can be induced to the capacitor 13 five times. Therefore, the electric power obtained was five times, and in Examples 1 to 4, it was possible to obtain electric power 5 times the electric power shown in Table 1. In this way, electric power that can be used in daily life could be supplied using static electricity.

  According to the present invention described above, it is possible to obtain a high potential by charging a charged body that holds static electricity under insulating conditions, and to charge the conductor by electrostatic induction. The first charged body can be efficiently taken out. Then, the electric charge charged in the first conductor can be stored in a capacitor in which the first conductor faces the second conductor with a ferroelectric interposed therebetween. At that time, a polarization effect is caused by the ferroelectric substance interposed between the first conductor and the second conductor, and the capacitance of the capacitor is remarkably increased. Therefore, a new power source that is practical and versatile. Can be stored in the capacitor. Moreover, in the present invention, since the electric charge is stored from the conductor, the terminal for collecting current may be provided at one place, and the removal of the charged static electricity is performed instantaneously, which is efficient.

  In other words, according to the present invention, by separating the charge charging process and the extraction process so as to be performed under suitable conditions, both the charging and extraction of static electricity are made efficient, and the charged body charged with static electricity can be separated. Static electricity can be efficiently taken out and stored, and a new power source that can be practically used in daily life can be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Charged body 2 ... 1st conductor 3 ... 2nd conductor 4 ... Insulation housing | casing 5 ... Spraying substance 6 ... Spraying substance tank 7 ... Spraying pipe 8 ... Insulating gas 9 ... 1st grounding means 10 ... Rotary bearing 11 ... Rotating shaft 12 ... Arm 13 ... Capacitor 14 ... Battery 15, 16 ... Connection terminal 17 ... Diode 18 ... Three-way relay 19 ... Second grounding means 20 ... Relay 50, 51 ... Ferroelectric material

Claims (26)

An electrostatic power generation method characterized by accumulating static electricity by sequentially performing the following steps A to F.
Step A: A step of charging a charged body held under insulating conditions with an electrostatic charge.
Step B: charging the first conductor to the first conductor by electrostatic induction by bringing the first conductor into contact with the charged body with a ferroelectric interposed therebetween and grounding the first conductor. .
Step C: A step of releasing the grounding of the first conductor and eliminating the influence of the Coulomb force from the charged body.
Step D: A step of forming a capacitor by causing the first conductor to face each other with a ferroelectric interposed in the second conductor.
Step E: Step of storing electric charge in the capacitor while grounding the second conductor and holding the first conductor under insulating conditions.
Step F: A step of releasing the grounding of the second conductor, connecting the first conductor and the second conductor to the secondary battery, and storing the electric charge stored in the capacitor in the secondary battery.   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 1, wherein in step A, the charged body is frictionally charged by bringing a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charge train into contact with the charged body.   The electrostatic power generation according to claim 1, wherein in step A, the charged body is frictionally charged by injecting and contacting the charged body with a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charging train by the gas obtained by heating the liquid chlorofluorocarbon. Method.   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 3, wherein the liquid chlorofluorocarbon is gasified using solar heat.   3. In step A, a glass plate is used as a charged body, and one or more selected from polytetrafluoroethylene pellets, polypropylene pellets, and polyethylene pellets are used as a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charged train. , 3 or 4 electrostatic power generation method.   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein in step B, the charged body and the first conductor are made to have the same shape, and the first conductor is brought close to the charged body to face each other.   7. The process according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the first conductor is grounded in step B so that electrons are released from the first conductor to the ground or absorbed from the ground into the first conductor. Static electricity generation method.   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein in step B, a ferroelectric is attached to a surface of the charged body facing the first conductor.   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein in step C, the electric charge charged in the first conductor is held by releasing the grounding of the first conductor.   The static electricity according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein in step C, the influence of the Coulomb force from the charged body is eliminated by separating the first conductor from the charged body. Power generation method.   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, wherein a ferroelectric substance is attached to a surface of the second conductor facing the first conductor in the step D. .   The electrostatic power generation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, wherein a battery is used as the secondary battery in step F.   The ferroelectric substance in the process B and the process D uses barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, or niobic acid, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 The electrostatic power generation method described.   An aluminum, nickel, steel, or copper is used as a material for the first conductor and the second conductor, wherein the material is aluminum, nickel, steel, or copper. The electrostatic power generation method described. An electrostatic power generation apparatus for carrying out any one of the electrostatic power generation methods according to claim 1,
On the surface of the charged body facing the first conductor, the charged body held under insulating conditions, the charging device for charging the charged body with electrostatic charges, the first conductor disposed so as to be able to face the charged body The mounted ferroelectric, first grounding means capable of grounding and releasing the first conductor, means for eliminating the influence of Coulomb force from the charged body on the first conductor, and facing the first conductor A second conductor forming a capacitor; a ferroelectric attached to a surface of the second conductor facing the first conductor; a second grounding means capable of grounding and releasing the second conductor; And a secondary battery connected to the second conductor.   16. The electrostatic power generation device according to claim 15, wherein the charging device is a charging device that frictionally charges the charging member with a static charge by bringing a substance having a difference between the charging member and the charging train into contact with the charging member.   As a charging device, a charging device that frictionally charges an electrostatic charge on a charged body by injecting and contacting a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charging train onto the charged body by a gas obtained by heating liquid chlorofluorocarbon. The electrostatic power generator according to claim 15 to be used.   The electrostatic power generation apparatus according to claim 17, wherein liquid chlorofluorocarbon is gasified using solar heat.   19. A glass plate is used as a charged body, and one or a plurality selected from polytetrafluoroethylene pellets, polypropylene pellets, and polyethylene pellets is used as a substance having a difference between the charged body and the charged train. The electrostatic power generator described.   20. The electrostatic power generator according to claim 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19, wherein the charged body and the first conductor have the same shape, and the first conductor is configured to be able to approach and leave the charged body.   As the first grounding means, a grounding terminal is used which is connected to the first conductor when the first conductor approaches the charged body and is detached from the first conductor when the first conductor is separated from the charged body. 21. The electrostatic power generator according to claim 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20.   The static electricity according to claim 21, wherein the grounding terminal is connected to the first conductor and the first conductor is grounded so that electrons are released from the first conductor to the ground or absorbed from the ground into the first conductor. Power generation device.   23. The electrostatic power generator according to claim 22, wherein the electric charge charged in the first conductor is held by detaching the first conductor from the ground terminal.   16. The means for excluding the influence of the Coulomb force on the first conductor from the charged body is configured such that the first conductor is rotatable, and is confronted with and separated from the charged body. The electrostatic power generator according to 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23.   The first conductor and the second conductor have the same shape, and the first conductor is arranged close to the second conductor so as to face and detach. The electrostatic power generator according to 20, 21, 22, 23 or 24.   The electrostatic generator according to 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or 25, which uses a battery as a secondary battery.

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