JP2013084615A - Fuel supply system having operation resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel supply and a fuel cell system which require a series of multiple actions and big detaching/attaching force for detachment/attachment to prevent operation which is not intended by a user and incorrect operation related to detachment/attachment of the fuel supply from/to a fuel cell main body.SOLUTION: A fuel cell system is constituted by a fuel nozzle 510 connected to a fuel derivation valve of a fuel cartridge 500, a coupling member 560 which can be connected to the fuel nozzle 510 and is a fuel inlet of a main body 514 and a pin 562 supporting the coupling member 560 pivotably on the main body 514. In order to mount the fuel cartridge 500 on the main body 514, the fuel cell system performs first operation for adjusting a direction of the fuel nozzle 510 to the coupling member 560 pivotally supported in an oblique upper direction, moving the fuel cartridge 500 in an I1 direction and bringing a tip of the fuel nozzle 510 into contact with the coupling member 560, and performs second operation for rotating the fuel cartridge 500 to a horizontal position in an R1 direction with the pin 562 of the coupling member 560 as a fulcrum to complete coupling.

Description

  This application is a continuation-in-part of Patent Application No. 10 / 978,949, filed on November 1, 2004 under the name “Valve of Fuel Cartridge”. This is a continuation-in-part of Patent Application No. 10 / 629,006, filed on June 29, 2003 under the name "Fuel Cartridge with Coupling Valve". The disclosures of the '949 and' 006 applications are incorporated herein by reference.

  The present invention generally relates to a fuel supply system for various fuel cells, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a fuel supply system having a higher operating resistance.

  A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy of reactants, ie fuel and oxygen, directly into direct current (DC) electricity. In many increasing applications, fuel cells are more efficient than conventional power generation, such as fossil fuel combustion, and more efficient than portable storage batteries, such as lithium ion batteries.

In general, fuel cell technology includes a variety of different fuel cells such as alkaline fuel cells, polymer electrolyte fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and enzyme fuel cells. Today's more important fuel cells are divided into three categories: (i) fuel cells that use compressed hydrogen (H ₂ ) as fuel, (ii) methanol (CH ₃ OH) reformed to hydrogen fuel, hydrogen Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells utilizing sodium borohydride (NaBH ₄ ), hydrocarbons (eg butane) or other fuels, and (iii) PEM fuel cells or direct oxidation fuels that can consume non-hydrogen fuel directly Can be divided into batteries. The most common direct oxidation fuel cell is a direct methanol fuel cell or DMFC. Other direct oxidation fuel cells include direct ethanol fuel cells and direct tetramethyl orthocarbonate fuel cells.

  Compressed hydrogen is generally kept under high pressure and is therefore difficult to handle. Moreover, large storage tanks are usually required and cannot be made small enough for consumer electronic products. Conventional reformed fuel cells require reformers, vaporization and auxiliary systems to convert the fuel to hydrogen and react with oxygen in the fuel cell. Recent advances have made reformate or reformed fuel cells promising for consumer electronic products. In a DMFC, methanol directly reacts with oxygen in the fuel cell, which is the simplest and possibly the smallest fuel cell and is the most promising power supply for consumer electronic products.

  A DMFC used for a relatively large supply has a fan or compressor that supplies an oxidant, typically air or oxygen, to the cathode, a pump that supplies a water / methanol mixture to the anode, and a membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The chemical reaction that generates electricity is different for each type of fuel cell. In DMFC, the chemical and electrical reactions at each electrode and the overall reaction for the fuel cell are described as follows:

Half reaction at the anode:
CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O → CO ₂ + 6H ⁺ + 6e ⁻
Semi-reaction at the cathode:
O ₂ + 4H ⁺ + 4e ⁻ → 2H ₂ O
Overall fuel cell reaction:
CH ₃ OH + 1.5O ₂ → CO ₂ + 2H ₂ O

In order for hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) passing through the PEM to migrate from the anode through the cathode and because free electrons (e ⁻ ) cannot pass through the PEM, the electrons must flow through the external circuit, An electric current is generated through an external circuit. This external circuit may be a valuable consumer electronic product such as a mobile or cell phone, a calculator, a personal digital assistant, a laptop computer, a power tool or the like.

  DMFC is disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, and details thereof are described in these documents. Generally, PEMs are made from polymers such as Nafion ™, are available from DuPont, and are perfluorinated compound materials with thicknesses ranging from about 0.05 mm to about 0.50 mm, and others. The anode is typically fabricated from Teflonized carbon paper supported by a thin layer of catalyst such as platinum ruthenium. The cathode is typically a gas diffusion electrode in which platinum particles are adhered to one side of the membrane.

Other fuel cell reactions of metal hydrides, such as sodium borohydride, reformed fuel cells, are as follows:
NaBH ₄ + 2H ₂ O → (heating or catalyst) → 4 (H ₂ ) + (NaBO ₂ )
Half reaction at the anode:
H ₂ → 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻
Semi-reaction at the cathode:
2 (2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ ) + O ₂ → 2H ₂ O
Suitable catalysts are platinum and ruthenium, etc. Hydrogen fuel produced by reforming sodium borohydride is reacted with an oxidant, such as O ₂ , in a fuel cell to produce electricity (ie, a flow of electrons) and water by-products. A by-product of sodium borate (NaBO ₂ ) is also produced in the modification process. A sodium borohydride fuel cell has been discussed in US Pat.

In a direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC), the reaction is as follows:
Half reaction at the anode:
BH ₄ − + 8OH− → BO ₂ − + 6H ₂ O + 8e−
Semi-reaction at the cathode:
2O ₂ + 4H ₂ O + 8e− → 8OH−

  One of the most important features for fuel cell applications is fuel storage. Another important feature is adjusting the transport of fuel from the fuel cartridge to the fuel cell. A fuel cell, such as a DMFC system, must be capable of storing enough fuel to satisfy a consumer's normal usage in order to be commercially useful. For example, for mobile or cell phones, notebook computers, and personal digital assistants (PDAs), fuel cells must be able to power these devices for at least as long as current batteries, preferably for much longer. I must. In addition, the fuel cell should have an easily replaceable or refillable fuel tank to minimize or eliminate the long recharge required for current rechargeable batteries.

  Valves are necessary to transport fuel between fuel cartridges, fuel cells and / or refueling devices. The known documents disclose various valves and flow control devices as disclosed in Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5, Patent Document 6 and Patent Document 7.

Since the fuel stored in the fuel cartridge and transported through the valve may be caustic, a fuel supply device that can withstand unintentional valve operation by the user is required.
US Pat. No. 5,992,008 US Pat. No. 5,945,231 U.S. Pat. No. 4,261,956 US Pat. No. 6,506,513 US Pat. No. 5,723,229 US Patent Application Publication US2003 / 0082427A1 US Patent Application Publication US2002 / 0197522A1

  The present invention is directed to a fuel supply apparatus for a fuel cell with higher operational resistance that prevents unintended operation by a user.

  According to one aspect of the invention, the valve has two elements. One can be attached to the fuel supply and the other can be attached to either the fuel cell or the electronic device. The first and second valve elements can move in at least two directions relative to each other to form a flow path or can be moved under greater force in a single direction. Preferably, the at least two directions require the user to retain a predetermined level of cognitive ability and / or physical characteristics, reducing the likelihood of unintended operation. Such a fuel supply device is shown in FIGS. 1 to 15 and FIGS. 17 to 24 and others. Various other embodiments that require two movements of the fuel supply relative to the container as in FIGS. 26-41 are of this type. Other embodiments require multiple operations to connect and only a single operation to remove, as shown in FIGS. Other embodiments allow a first valve element that preferably does not open until the rotating seal plunger is moved, e.g., rotated, and the seal plunger can be operated or rotated in the first valve element. A second valve element with a suitable device is shown in FIGS. Also, these systems can be classified as shown below. These categories are not mutually exclusive.

  Another type of fuel supply includes a first valve element and a second valve element connectable to the first valve element. The first valve element or nozzle is part of the fuel supply and the second valve element or outlet is part of the container. The container can be engaged with a fuel cell FC, a replenishing device or an electronic device. The container may also have an internal seal such as a check valve. The fuel supply device may include an actuator for one of the valve elements. In one embodiment, the fuel supply can be removably connected to the container to selectively form a flow path between the nozzle and the outlet of the container, and an actuator selectively opens the nozzle to form the flow path. The actuator includes a stationary wedge as shown in FIGS. 26-27 and 33-34, a rotatable coupling member containing the nozzle as shown in FIGS. 33-39, as shown in FIGS. A pivotable actuator, see below.

  To achieve operational resistance to unintended users, other fuel delivery devices are shown in FIGS. 42-47, shields that restrict access to the nozzles, as shown in FIGS. 25, 28-29. Such as a cover that restricts access to the nozzle, a cartridge holding assembly, as shown in FIG. 30, and various stop or latch members that block the actuator, as shown in FIGS. 47, 53-59, 65-79. May be adopted. Removing some covers requires multiple actions before the nozzle can be accessed as shown in FIG. 42b. As shown in FIG. 47, several latches can be positioned on the container, and several actuators are movable relative to the fuel supply as shown in FIGS. Some latch members may be pivotable as shown in FIGS. 65-79, some of which have different actuation forces depending on the position of the latch member as shown at least in FIGS. 76-79. It may be a multimode that requires at least one of them. Some latches may have multiple parts as shown in FIGS. Some other latches need to be movable in multiple motions as shown in FIGS.

  Other types of fuel supply devices may require multiple actions, such as movement in at least two directions, to remove the fuel supply from the container, fuel cell or electronic device. The removal operation may be the same as or different from the insertion operation. Another type of fuel supply, for example, as shown in FIGS. 45-46, can be used to connect a large insertion and / or withdrawal force of at least about 2.25 kg or 3 kg as a single or multiple actions. May be necessary. Other fuel systems may require a single insertion operation and multiple removal operations, or may require multiple insertion operations and a single removal operation, as shown in FIGS. Other fuel systems may require two hands or two fingers for insertion, removal or both. Another fuel supply device requires threshold recognition capability for operation. However, other fuel supply devices require other sizes to be predetermined for connection. Other fuel supply devices need to be visually aligned and / or acoustically verified as shown in FIGS. 80-81 to connect. Other systems have covers or gates that shield the valves, as shown in FIGS. 82-83, which may limit the time that the valves are exposed for connection. Other fuel systems have ON / OFF mechanical or electronic switches that control access to the fuel as shown in FIGS. These switches may move in multiple directions for opening as shown in FIGS. 85-87 and may be biased as shown in FIG. Some switches can be touched and moved by the adult user's pulp as shown in FIG. 88b. The switch can be turned off automatically when the fuel supply is retracted, or it may be turned on automatically when the fuel supply is inserted into the container. The fuel supply nozzle or valve element may be located eccentrically with respect to the fuel supply center line as shown in FIGS.

  The accompanying drawings form part of the specification and are to be understood in connection with the specification, wherein like reference numerals are used to indicate like parts in the various views.

FIG. 17 shows a fuel supply fitted with the valve elements of FIGS. 6-16 inserted into an exemplary electronic host device. FIG. 17 shows a fuel supply fitted with the valve elements of FIGS. 6-16 inserted into an exemplary electronic host device. FIG. 17 shows a fuel supply fitted with the valve elements of FIGS. 6-16 inserted into an exemplary electronic host device. FIG. 17 shows a fuel supply fitted with the valve elements of FIGS. 6-16 inserted into an exemplary electronic host device. Fig. 17 shows an alternative embodiment of a fuel supply fitted with the valve element of Figs. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a first connecting valve element according to another aspect of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the valve element of FIG. 6 in an assembled state with the plunger in the initial position. FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of an alternative groove used in the surface of the valve element of FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the plunger of the valve element of FIG. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a second connecting valve element suitable for use with the first valve element of FIG. 6. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the valve element of FIG. 10 in an assembled state with the plunger in the initial position. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first and second valve elements of FIGS. 6 and 10 when the elements are unconnected and not in contact with each other. FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the valve element of FIG. 12 when the elements are coupled and the plunger is in an initial position. FIG. 14 is an enlarged perspective view of the plunger of the valve element of FIG. 13 in an initial position. FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the valve element of FIG. 13 with the elements coupled and the plunger in the final position to allow fuel to flow. FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the second balding element shown in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fuel cartridge with a valve assembly according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 17. FIG. 18 is an enlarged schematic view of a valve portion of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 17, showing an outline of a neck portion. FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a container for use with the cartridge of FIG. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the container of FIG. 19 taken along line 20-20; 4 is a front view of a channel 450 showing a plurality of holding ribs 451. FIG. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the fuel cartridge of FIG. 17 and the container of FIG. 19 in a non-attached position when the fuel cartridge is in an initial state. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge and container of FIG. 21 taken along line 22-22, showing the fuel cartridge partially inserted and in an intermediate mounting position, with the fuel cartridge valve closed. FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the fuel cartridge and container of FIG. 21 when the fuel cartridge is in the operating position and the fuel cartridge valve is open. FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge and container of FIG. 23, taken along line 24-24, showing the fuel cartridge valve fully inserted and in the open position. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternative preferred embodiment of a fuel cartridge. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge and container of FIG. 25 with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly attached in an intermediate state. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge and container of FIG. 25 with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly fully installed. FIG. 26 is a plan view of the cartridge of FIG. 25; FIG. 27 is a plan view showing a part of the container engaging with the cartridge of FIG. 26 and the valve of the cartridge. FIG. 27 is a bottom view of the cartridge of FIG. 26 in the cartridge holding assembly. FIG. 29 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the cartridge of FIG. 28. FIG. 31B is a perspective view of another embodiment of the cartridge of FIG. 31A. FIG. 27 is an enlarged elevation view of an alternative embodiment of a nozzle and a modified container for use with the cartridge of FIG. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge and the modified container with the connecting member of FIG. 25 when the fuel cartridge and the container are not attached. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the fuel cartridge and the modified container with the connecting member of FIG. 25 when the fuel cartridge and the container are in a mounted state. It is sectional drawing of the connection member of the container of FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified fuel cartridge and a modified container when the fuel cartridge and the container are not attached. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified fuel cartridge and a modified container when the fuel cartridge and the container are in a mounted state. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the corrected shield and the corrected connection member in the non-wearing state. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the correction | amendment shield and the correction | amendment connection member in the mounting state. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a fuel cartridge including a modified nozzle and a modified coupling member when the fuel cartridge is in a non-mounted position. FIG. 41 is a perspective view of the modified connecting member of FIG. 40. It is a perspective view of the actuator and cover which can be pivoted. FIG. 42B is a perspective view showing the cartridge and cover of FIG. 42A with a lock channel. FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view showing the fuel cartridge, the cover, and the container of FIG. 42 when the fuel cartridge and the container are not attached. FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view showing the fuel cartridge, the cover, and the container of FIG. 42 when the fuel cartridge and the container are in a mounted state. FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 42 with another cover and container shown with the fuel cartridge and container unattached. FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 42 with another cover and container shown with the fuel cartridge and container unattached. FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 42 with a cover and a modified container, with the fuel cartridge and container unattached. It is the top view which carried out the partial cross section of the corrected fuel cartridge. FIG. 49 is a plan view of the valve actuator of FIG. 48. FIG. 49 is a plan view of a modified valve valve actuator for use with the cartridge of FIG. 48. FIG. 5 is a partially cut-down plan view showing a part of the modified fuel cartridge when the fuel cartridge and the container are not attached. FIG. 6 is a partially cut-down plan view showing a part of the modified fuel cartridge when the fuel cartridge and the container are in a mounted state. It is the top view which carried out the cross section which shows a container and the detachable latch member used with this in the case where a detachable latch member has a block and a non-block position. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a modified fuel cartridge with a movable latch or block member. FIG. 55 is an enlarged perspective view of the valve actuator and latch member of FIG. 54. FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view showing the container changed from the fuel cartridge of FIG. 54 when the fuel cartridge is in a non-mounting position. FIG. 6 is a front view showing another modified container with undulations. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing a modified fuel cartridge including another movable latch member when the fuel cartridge and the container are not attached. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing a modified fuel cartridge including another movable latch member when the fuel cartridge and the container are in a mounted state. FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 57 and a latch member. FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 57 and a latch member. FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the fuel cartridge of FIG. 57 and a latch member. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modified fuel cartridge with a high force spring and a modified container with a high force spring with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in an unloaded position. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modified fuel cartridge with a high force spring and a modified container with a high force spring with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in the installed position. FIG. 5 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing a modified fuel cartridge with a rotatable cam with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in a blocking position. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of a modified fuel cartridge with a rotatable cam with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in an unblocked position. FIG. 63 is a plan view of the cam of FIG. 62. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a modified fuel cartridge and container with a pivotable latch member with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in an unloaded position. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a modified fuel cartridge and container with a pivotable latch member with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in an unloaded position. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a modified fuel cartridge and container with a modified pivotable latch member with the fuel cartridge and valve assembly in an unmounted position and the latch member in a blocked position. FIG. 68 is a plan view showing the latch member and the container of FIG. 67. FIG. 68 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of the fuel cartridge and container of FIG. 67 shown with the fuel cartridge partially attached and the latch member in an intermediate latch position. 67 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fuel cartridge and container shown in FIG. 67 with the fuel cartridge in the installed position, the valve actuator activated, and the latch member in the second latch position that secures the latch in the unlocked position. It is a top view. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing two pivotable latch members and a container for movement in a case where the latch member is in the locked position. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing two pivotable latch members and a container in two movements when the latch member transitions from a locked position to an unlocked position. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing two pivotable latch members and a container with two movements when the latch members are in an unlocked position. FIG. 10 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of another modified fuel cartridge and container with two other movements of pivotable latch members when the latch is in the locked position. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing another modified fuel cartridge and container with two other movements of pivotable latch members when the latch is in the unlocked position. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of a modified multi-mode fuel cartridge and container with two other pivotable latch members of motion with the cartridge in a buffered position. FIG. 6 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of a modified multimode fuel cartridge and container with two other pivotable latch members of motion, with the cartridge in the operating position. FIG. 5 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of a modified fuel cartridge and container with an alternative pivotable latch member when the cartridge is in a buffered position. FIG. 5 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of a modified fuel cartridge and container with an alternative pivotable latch member when the cartridge is in an unbuffered position. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the other container of this invention, and the corresponding container in the electronic device of a fuel cell. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the other container of this invention, and the corresponding container in the electronic device of a fuel cell. It is a front perspective view of a cartridge provided with a slide gate. It is a front perspective view of a cartridge provided with a slide gate. FIG. 6 is a front perspective view of a container with a detent that opens the gate from the open position and returns the gate to the closed position when the cartridge is withdrawn from the container. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a cartridge fuel cell or apparatus having a time delay gate. FIG. 2 is a diagram of a cartridge fuel cell or device with a time delay gate. FIG. 2 is a diagram of a cartridge fuel cell or device with a time delay gate. 1 is a partial perspective view of a cartridge of the present invention comprising an ON / OFF switch and a valve or gate. FIG. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary switch structure. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary switch structure. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary switch structure. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary switch structure. FIG. 88 is a schematic circuit diagram showing possible positions and connections of the cartridge of FIG. 85. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the switch of a spring bias. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the switch of a spring bias. FIG. 88 is a schematic side view of the cartridge of FIG. 85 or FIG. 87 withdrawn from the device. FIG. 88 is a schematic side view of the cartridge of FIG. 85 or FIG. 87 inserted into the apparatus. FIG. 89B is a side view for comparison of the slope shown in FIG. 89A configured to return the switch to the OFF position when the cartridge is withdrawn. It is a partial schematic diagram of the container which comprises a cartridge and a corresponding magnetic valve. FIG. 92 is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic valve of FIG. 91. It is a schematic diagram of the other container according to this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the other container according to this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the other container according to this invention. FIG. 93 is a schematic view of an alternative embodiment of the container of FIGS. 93A-C. FIG. 93 is a schematic view of an alternative embodiment of the container of FIGS. 93A-C. FIG. 96 is a partial side view of a cartridge that can be used with the container of FIGS. 93A-E. It is a schematic diagram of the other Example of the cartridge and container of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the other Example of the cartridge and container of this invention. FIG. 11 is an exploded view of a modified housing of the valve element of FIGS. 10-11. FIG. 96 is a cross-sectional view of the valve shown in FIG. 15 with the modified valve housing of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the other valve | bulb according to this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the line 98a in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the line 98b in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the line 99a in FIG. FIG. 98 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 99b in FIG. 97.

  As illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in detail below, the present invention provides fuels for fuel cells such as methanol and water, methanol / water mixtures, methanol / water mixtures of various concentrations or pure methanol. Dedicated to storage fuel supply. Methanol is available for many types of fuel cells, such as DMFCs, enzyme fuel cells, and reformed fuel ionization. The fuel supply may be other types of fuel cell fuels, such as ethanol or alcohol, metal hydrides such as sodium borohydride, other chemicals that can be reformed to hydrogen, or other to improve fuel cell performance. It may contain chemical substances. The fuel includes a potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte, which can be used with a metal or alkaline fuel cell and can be stored in a fuel supply. For metal fuel cells, the fuel is in the form of liquid-supported zinc particles immersed in a KOH electrolyte reaction solution, and the anode in the cell cavity is a granular anode made of zinc particles. A KOH electrolyte solution is disclosed in US Published Patent Application 2003/0077493, published April 24, 2003, entitled “How to Use a Fuel Cell System Configured to Power One or More Loads”. And refer to it here. The fuel also includes a mixture of methanol, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid, which flows through a catalyst formed into silicon chips to produce a fuel cell reaction. Fuels also include methanol, sodium borohydride, electrolytes, and other compounds, such as US Pat. Nos. 6,554,877, 6,562,497, and 6,758,871. This includes blends or mixtures of what has been described, which are incorporated herein by reference. Fuels are also described in US Pat. No. 6,773,470, partially dissolved in solvent and partially suspended, as well as described in US Published Patent Application 2002/076602. Which includes liquid fuels and solid fuels, which are incorporated herein by reference.

The fuel also includes a metal hydride such as sodium borohydride (NaBH ₄ ) and water, as described above, and the reaction produces only low pressure and low temperature. The fuel further includes a hydrocarbon fuel, which includes, but is not limited to, butane, kerosene, alcohol, and natural gas, which is entitled “Liquid Heterointerface Fuel Cell Device” in 2003. U.S. Published Patent Application 2003/0096150 published May 22, 2003, which is incorporated herein by reference. The fuel also includes a liquid oxide that reacts with the fuel. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any type of fuel, electrolyte solution, oxide solution or liquid or solid contained in the supply and otherwise used by the fuel cell system. As used herein, the term “fuel” includes all fuels that can react in a fuel cell or fuel supply, and are also suitable fuels, electrolyte solutions, oxide solutions, liquids, solids and / or as described above. Including but not limited to chemicals as well as all of these mixtures.

  The term “fuel supply” as used herein includes, but is not limited to, disposable cartridges, refillable / reusable cartridges, cartridges disposed within electronic products, cartridges disposed outside electronic products, fuel Tanks, fuel reservoirs, fuel refill tanks, other containers for storing fuel, and tubing coupled to the fuel tanks, containers, fuel cells or electronic products powered by the fuel cells. One cartridge is described below in connection with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, but these embodiments are applicable to other fuel supplies, and the present invention is applicable to any particular type of fuel supply. Note that it is not limited.

  The fuel supply of the present invention may be used to store fuel that is not used in a fuel cell. These applications include, but are not limited to, storing hydrocarbon and hydrogen fuel for micro gas turbines built on silicon chips, “Here Come the Microengines”, The Industrial Physicist (December 2001). / January 2002), pp. 20-25. For the purposes of this application, “fuel cell” also includes these micro engines. Other uses are for storing traditional fuels for internal combustion engines and hydrocarbons for pockets and utility lighters such as butane and liquid propane.

  The term “container” as used herein includes, but is not limited to, any mechanism or element that houses a fuel supply or a valve from the fuel supply. The term further includes devices or elements that form and constitute cavities and protrusions from electronic devices or fuel cells. An exemplary container includes a valve, an alignment mechanism, a retention mechanism, and an electronic interface.

  Suitable fuel supplies include those disclosed in US patent application Ser. No. 10 / 356,793, “Fuel Cartridge for Fuel Cells,” filed on Jan. 31, 2003, filed by the applicant. The disclosure of this application is incorporated herein by reference.

  In general, the fuel supply system of the present invention includes cooperating valve elements. One valve element can mesh with a fuel cartridge containing fuel, and the other valve element can mesh with an electronic device powered by a fuel cell FC, a refill device or a fuel cell. In general, the invention applies to several types of fuel supply systems. A type of fuel supply system includes a first valve element and a second valve element connectable to the first valve element and forming a flow path through the first and second valve elements. including. As used herein, “valve element”. Without limitation, valve elements with seals, such as check valves, platypus valves, electrical valves (eg, solenoid valves), magnetic valves and washers with closed slits (also known as bulkheads), seals Valve elements without, for example, open tubes, outlets, or piercing needles. At least one of the valve elements should have an internal seal. For example, a suitable valve may have one valve element with an internal seal and another valve element with an open conduit so that when the internal seal is opened, a flow path is established there. Suitable valve elements have been tested in the parent application, the '006 parent application, and US published patent application 2003/0082427, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

  An example of a suitable fuel cell cartridge is shown in FIG. The cartridge or fuel supply 1 may also include any type of fuel cell fuel as described above.

  1-5, the fuel supply 1 has one of the valve elements 140 or 240, and the electronic host device 2 includes the other valve element. First, the fuel supply 1 is positioned relative to the device 2 and the valve elements 140 and 240 are aligned with each other (shown in FIG. 1). The fuel supply 1 and / or the electronic device 2 are then moved along the translational direction T relative to each other and the valve elements 140, 240 are inserted into each other. Thereafter, fuel supply 1 and device 2 rotate about axis A relative to each other in direction R so that cam surfaces 176, 276 (shown in FIGS. 7 and 10) in valve elements 140, 240 interact with each other. Thus, fluid communication is formed between the valve elements 140 and 240. The fuel supply 1 after rotation in direction R is shown in FIGS. At this point, the fuel can be sent to the fuel cell FC in the apparatus 2 by a pump or the like. Although the translational and rotational movements are illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, the electronic host device 2 or any combination of two or more movements can be used to connect the fuel supply 1 to the fuel cell FC. Note that you can. For example, two translational movements, two rotational movements, or one translational movement and one rotational movement may be employed. In addition, various locking or unlocking mechanisms are designed for the fuel supply 1 and the electronic device 2 that require different elements, operations, or movements than discussed here to release the fuel supply 1. Or could be implemented.

  Also optionally, the fuel supply 1 comprises a latch 3 on its surface so that the latch 3 is associated with a corresponding drip 4 on the electronic host device 2 after fluid communication is established between the valve elements 140, 240. In combination, the fuel supply 1 can be held in place. Although the latch 3 is rotationally attached to the fuel supply 1 and is shown to be hooked at one end and locked to the top 4, the latch 3 may have any structure and in any manner the fuel supply. 1 may be bonded or held together. For example, the latch 3 may be an arm integrally connected to the fuel supply 1, and when the moment is applied to the arm, the arm bends and locks to 4.

  In the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the fuel supply 1 has one of the valve elements 140 or 240 and the electronic host device 2 has the other valve element. First, the fuel supply 1 is placed relative to the device 2 and the valve elements 140 and 240 are aligned. The fuel supply 1 and / or the electronic device 2 are then moved along the translational direction Dl relative to each other and the valve elements 140, 240 are inserted into each other. Thereafter, fuel supply 1 and device 2 are moved relative to each other about cartridge axis Lc in direction R, and cam surfaces 176, 276 (shown in FIGS. 7 and 10) in valve elements 140 and 240 interact. Fluid communication between valve elements 140 and 240. At this point, the fuel can be transported from the fuel supply 1 to the fuel cell in the apparatus 2 by a pump or the like.

  The cartridge shaft Lc may be coaxial with the shaft A as shown in FIG. 5, or may be non-coaxial with the cartridge shaft Lc shown in FIG. The cartridge Lc is substantially perpendicular to the axis A.

  FIG. 6 shows one embodiment of the first valve element 140, which, together with the second valve element 240, forms a connecting valve, indicated by V (see FIG. 12). This is shown in FIG. The first valve element 140 is engageable with the cartridge 1 or the fuel cell, or the replenishing device or the electronic device, as shown in FIG.

  The first valve element 140 includes a main housing 142 that forms a stepped chamber 144. Plunger 146, spring 148, and a portion of end cap 150 are housed in chamber 144. The plunger 146 is movable in the length direction L with respect to the main housing 142 in the chamber portion 144. However, the end cap 150 is fixed to the main housing 142 in a removable or non-removable manner. In a preferred embodiment, the end cap 150 may be attached to the main housing 142 by snap fit or ultrasonic welding. Alternatively, these parts can be joined by adhesive bonding, ultrasonic bonding, welding, spin welding, radio frequency welding, heat sealing, etc. The end cap 150 forms a number of openings 152 as shown in FIG. 7 to allow fuel to flow therethrough.

  Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the main housing 142 further has a radially inwardly extending wall 154 that divides the chamber 144 into an outer chamber portion 144a and an inner chamber portion 144b. Wall 154 includes an opening 156 that provides fluid communication between the exterior and interior and exterior chamber portions 144a and 144b. The outer O-ring 136 is disposed on the outer side of the radial wall 154. Alternatively, O-ring 136 can be disposed on valve element 240.

  An inner surface 158 of the main housing 142 includes a groove 160 (shown in phantom) near the first end 142a, which extends in a longitudinal direction 160a (shown in phantom) and a circumferentially extending section. 160b (shown in phantom lines). Desirably, the angle θ between section 160a and the first portion of section 160b is about 90 ° as shown in FIG. In an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the angle θ between section 160a and the first portion of section 160b ′ is greater than about 90 °. The advantages of the configuration of FIG. 8 will be discussed below.

  The internal surface 158 of the main housing 142 has a groove 162 (shown in phantom) extending in the lengthwise direction near the first end 142b. The main housing 142 includes a recess 164 (indicated by an imaginary line) extending in the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the second end 142b.

  Referring to FIGS. 6-9, the plunger 146 includes a diameter portion 146a having an increased diameter and a portion 146b having a reduced diameter. Enlarged portion 146 a includes a longitudinally extending rod 166 that is circumferentially surrounded by chamber 168. Rod 166 includes a free end 166a. The outer surface of the large diameter portion 146a includes protruding ribs 170 extending in the length direction. A radially extending surface 172 of the enlarged portion 146 a houses the inner O-ring 174.

  The reduced diameter portion 146 b includes a cam surface 176 that protrudes from the surface 178. The distance between the cam surface 176 and the free end 176a of the surface 178 is indicated by d3. Cam surface 176 further includes a ramp portion 176b. Referring to FIG. 6, end cap 150 includes an outer ring 180 that projects from wall 182. End cap 150 further includes a centrally located rod 184 that projects from wall 182 and is disposed coaxially with ring 180. The rod 184 includes a free end 184a.

  With reference to FIGS. 6-9, the ribs 170 of the plunger 146 are received in the grooves 162 of the main housing when the plunger 146 is positioned in the main housing 142 to ensure alignment of the plunger 146 with the main housing 142. A portion 146 a having an enlarged diameter of the plunger 146 is accommodated in the inner chamber portion 144 b of the main housing 142, and a portion 146 b having a reduced diameter of the plunger 146 extends through the opening 156. The spring 148 is then installed in the plunger inner chamber 168 that surrounds the rod 166. The end cap 150 is coupled to the main housing 142, the spring 148 surrounds the end cap rod 184, and the ring 180 is received in the recess 164 of the main housing 142.

  The parts of the valve element 140 are biased against the plunger 146 by the spring 148 in the initial or sealing position, so that the inner O-ring 174 is in sealing engagement with the radial wall 154. In the initial position, that is, the sealing position, the plunger 146 is separated from the end cap 150, and the distance dl extends between the plunger rod free end 166a and the end cap rod free end 184a.

  Referring to FIG. 10, the second valve element 240 includes a main housing 242 that defines a chamber 244. Plunger 246, spring 248, and a portion of end cap 250 are housed in chamber 244. The plunger 246 is movable in the length direction L with respect to the housing 242 in the chamber portion 244. However, the end cap 250 is fixed to the housing 242 in a removable or non-removable manner. In one preferred embodiment, end cap 250 is welded to main housing 242 by ultrasonic welding. Alternatively, these parts may be joined by adhesive bonding, ultrasonic bonding, snap fit, welding, radio frequency welding, heat sealing, etc. The end cap 250 forms a number of openings 252 as shown in FIG. 11 for fuel to pass through.

  10-11, the main housing further includes a radially inward extending wall 254 that divides the chamber portion 244 into an outer chamber portion 244a and an inner chamber portion 244b. Wall 254 includes an opening 256 to provide fluid communication between outer and inner chamber portions 244a, b. The housing 242 includes an inner surface 258 and a first end 242a. The inner surface 158 of the main housing 142 includes a groove 262 (shown in phantom) that extends longitudinally in the vicinity of the second end 242b. The interior of the main housing 242 includes a recess 264 (shown in phantom) that extends further in the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the second end 242b. The protruding pin 265 extends from the outer surface 259 of the main housing 242. Two or more may have pins 265 and corresponding grooves 260.

  Plunger 246 is similar to plunger 146 and includes a portion 246a with an increasing diameter and a portion 246b with a decreasing diameter. The diameter-enlarging portion 246a includes a longitudinally extending rod 266 that is circumferentially surrounded by an inner chamber 268. Rod 266 includes a free end 266a. The outer surface of the portion 246a having an enlarged diameter includes a protruding rib 270 extending in the length direction. A radially extending surface 272 of the enlarged portion 246a houses the inner O-ring 274.

  The reduced diameter portion 246 b includes a cam surface 276 that protrudes from the surface 278. The distance between the cam surface 276 and the free end 276a of the surface 272 is indicated by d3. Cam surface 276 further includes a ramp portion 276b. Referring to FIG. 10, end cap 250 includes an outer ring 280 that protrudes from wall 282. End cap 250 further includes a rod 284 that projects from wall 282, which is centrally located and aligned with ring 280. Rod 284 includes a free end 284a.

  When the plunger 246 is in the main housing 242, the rib 270 is received in the groove 262 so that the plunger 246 is properly aligned with the main housing 242. The enlarged portion 246 a of the plunger 246 is received within the inner chamber portion 244 b of the main housing 242, and the reduced diameter portion 246 b of the plunger 246 extends through the opening 256. The spring 248 is then inserted into the plunger inner chamber 268 surrounding the rod 266. The end cap 250 is coupled to the main housing 242, the spring 248 surrounds the end cap rod 284, and the ring 280 is received in the main housing recess 264.

  Referring to FIG. 11, the components of valve element 240 are configured such that, in the initial position, spring 248 biases plunger 246 such that the O-ring is in sealing engagement with radial wall 254. In the initial position or the sealing position, the plunger 246 is separated from the end cap 250, and the distance d2 is formed between the plunger rod free end 266a and the end cap rod free end 284a.

The operation of the valve V will be examined with reference to FIGS. As shown below, valve element 240 is coupled to a fuel cell or device, and valve element 140 is coupled to a cartridge. However, the arrangement can be reversed. The following table summarizes the operation of valve V:

  Consider the above table in detail. When the valve elements 140 and 240 approach each other for connection (see FIG. 12), the outer chamber portion 144a receives the first end 242a of the element 240 and a portion of the element 240 is received in the element 140. The The end 242a of the element 240 contacts the outer O-ring 136 to form an inter-element seal. In order to properly align elements 140 and 240, pins 265 on valve element 240 are received in groove portions 160a of valve element 140. When the pin 265 reaches the end of the groove portion 160a, the free ends 176a and 276a of the cam surface are adjacent without contact, which is best shown in FIG. This is the lengthwise insertion operation in step 1. The distances d1 and d2 do not change upon insertion, and the plungers 146 and 246 are in their initial or sealing positions, as shown in FIG. As a result, when the longitudinal movement of the valve element 240 is completed, the fuel flow between the elements 140 and 240 is blocked by the seal of the inner O-rings 174 and 274 and the valve element 240 and the valve element 140 are closed. .

  Referring to FIGS. 7 and 15, in step 2, the housing 242 is partially rotated and the pin 265 moves along the circumferential groove portion 160b until the two cam surfaces 176 and 276 contact each other. In addition, O-ring 136 is compressed to establish an inter-element seal between valve elements 140 and 240.

  In step S3, in one embodiment, the spring 248 is weaker than the spring 148, and only the plunger 246 biased by the weak spring 248 is in contact with the beveled portions 176b and 276b of the cam surface when the element 240 rotates. Moves to the end cap 250 to reduce the distance d2. However, d1 is substantially unchanged. This rotational movement opens the seal at the internal O-ring 274, but the seal at the internal O-ring 174 remains closed. During this step, d2 approaches zero and the pin 265 of the second element 240 does not reach the end of the groove portion 160b.

  In step S4, the main housing 242 is further rotated and the plunger 246 reaches the end of the groove portion 160b, and this further movement (d2 becomes zero) causes the plunger 146 to move against the spring 148 and move the distance. Reduce d1. This further rotational movement opens the seal of the inner O-ring 174, resulting in a fuel flow F between elements 140 and 240 (shown in FIG. 15). Elements 140, 240 and distances d1, d2, and d3 are configured such that the sequence of operations described above occurs.

  When the main housing 242 is rotated in the opposite direction and removed from the valve element 140, the sequence reverses and the plunger 146 returns to its initial position with the spring force to close the valve element 140, after which the plunger 246 is The valve 240 is closed by returning to the initial position with the help of the spring 248. Referring to FIG. 8, the plunger 246 exerts a greater force on the outer O-ring 136 in step 2-4 by increasing the angle θ between the sections 160a, b to an angle greater than 90 °.

Reference is made to FIGS. 11 and 12-15. In an alternative embodiment valve element 240, the inner O-ring 274 can be manufactured from a material that expands and continues to seal the element 240 as the plunger 246 moves with decreasing distance d2. In this alternative embodiment, the sequence of operations is shown in the table below.

  In such an embodiment, the spring 248 is weaker than the spring 148 and the valve element 140 operates as previously discussed. However, the valve element 240 includes an O-ring 274 that expands and continues to seal until the main housing 242 rotates to a point where the distance d2 is zero in steps 2 and 3. At this point, the expanding O-ring 274 no longer seals the element 240, and further rotation of the main housing 242 causes the plunger 546 to move against 548 to reduce d1 and cause the valve elements 140 and 240 to move. Open the flow path.

  When the sequence is reversed, the plunger 146 returns to the initial position with the help of the spring 148 and closes the valve element 140. After that, the plunger 246 returns to the initial position with the help of the spring 248 and closes the valve 240.

Reference is made to FIGS. In yet another embodiment, the valve element 340 can be manufactured without the spring 248 and the internal O-ring 274 (see FIGS. 10 and 16) and so that the distance d2 is zero. As a result, the plunger 246 cannot move and the valve element 340 is always open. In this alternative embodiment, the operational no sequence is shown in the table below.

  In such an embodiment, the valve element 340 is always open in steps 1-4. When the pin 265 reaches the end of the groove 160b as described above, the valve element 140 moves from the closed state to the open state to form a flow path between the elements 140 and 340.

  When the sequence is reversed, the plunger 146 returns to the initial position with the help of the spring 148 and closes the valve element 140.

Referring once again to FIGS. 10, 6 and 12-15. In still other embodiments, this alternative valve element is similar to valve element 240 except that it can be manufactured without ribs 270 and pins 265. In other words, in the valve element 240, the plunger 246 is movable in the longitudinal direction and the rotational direction with respect to the main housing 242, but in the valve element 140, the plunger 146 is in the longitudinal direction with respect to the main housing 142. Is only movable. This configuration may be reversed. As a result, it is not necessary to rotate the valve element 240 to form the valve V. Preferably, the O-ring used in this embodiment has a sufficient thickness similar to the elastic rubber shown in FIG. 7, and the spring used provides torsional support so that when disengaged, Return the plunger to its closed position. In this alternative embodiment, the sequence of operations is as shown in the following table.

  In such an embodiment, spring 248 is weaker than spring 148 as discussed above. The valve element 240 need only move lengthwise to enter the valve element 140 to open the valve V. Upon initial insertion of the valve element 240 (step 1), the spring 248 will bend before the spring 148 and the valve element 240 will open. However, the valve element 140 remains closed throughout step 2. Because of the cam surfaces 176, 276 and the removal of the ribs 270 and grooves 262, the plunger 246 rotates relative to the plunger 146 as the main housing 242 moves longitudinally. However, the spring 148 does not buckle until the main housing 242 moves a predetermined distance. In step 3, relative movement of the main housing 242 causes the plunger 246 to move the plunger 146 until the plunger 146 moves from the closed state to the open state to create a fuel flow between the elements 140 and 240. As a result, the valve V can be converted from the 2-operation start valve (as shown in FIG. 12) to the 1-operation start valve described above.

  When the sequence is reversed, the plunger 146 returns to the initial position with the force of the spring 148 to close the valve element, and then the plunger 246 returns to the initial position with the force of the spring 248. Although the previous sequence has been described in relation to the movement of the main housing 242, what is needed is the relative movement between the valve elements.

  Referring to FIG. 17, a fuel cartridge 400 used with the electronic host device 2, the fuel cell FC or the replenishing device is shown. The fuel cartridge 400 includes a storage housing 402, a connecting portion 404, and a first valve element or valve assembly 406. The storage housing 402 includes a chamber (not shown) for containing fuel. The housing 402 may be structured and sized to accommodate a fuel bladder or fuel liner (not shown). Fuel liners are fully disclosed in US patent application Ser. No. 10 / 629,004 entitled “Fuel Cartridge with Soft Liner”, filed Jul. 29, 2003, filed by the applicant. The contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference. A chamber or liner is fluidly connected to the valve assembly 406. Connection portion 404 includes an enlarged portion 408 at the bottom, an enlarged portion 410 at the tip, and a neck 412 disposed therebetween. Top portion 410 includes a key or protrusion 416. The neck 412 includes flat portions 418 that are opposed to each other in the parallel radial direction as a whole.

  Referring to FIGS. 17-18A, the distance D 1 of the enlarged portion 410 at the tip is the largest distance and includes the key portion 416. The distance D3 of the top portion 410 is its diameter, excluding the key 416. As illustrated in FIG. 18 a, the distance D 2 of the neck 412 extends between the surfaces of the slot 418 and is the smallest distance within the neck 412. The distance D4 of the neck 412 is its diameter, excluding the slot 418, and the distance D4 is substantially the same as the distance D4. The distance D4 is larger than the distance D2.

  The connecting portion 404 further includes a central first hole 420 that is connected to the fuel chamber portion of the housing 402. The connecting portion 404 further includes a central second hole 422 that is connected to the first hole 420. Valve assembly 406 includes end cap 424, plunger 426, spring 428, O-ring seal 430, and gasket 432. End cap 424 is secured to the lower end of connection portion 404 in a removable or non-removable manner. In one preferred embodiment, end cap 424 can be connected to connecting portion 404 by snap fit or ultrasonic welding. Alternatively, these parts can be joined by adhesive bonding, ultrasonic bonding, welding, spin welding, radio frequency welding, heat sealing, and the like. The end cap 424 forms a number of openings 434 so that fuel can flow therethrough. The end cap 424 also allows fuel to flow from the cartridge 402 into a first hole 420, eg, a circle with a flat portion (similar to that shown in FIG. 18a), whereby the fuel is formed by the flat portion. And the end cap 424 has a sufficient surface area to hold the spring 428 in place.

  Plunger 426 includes a base 436 and a tip portion 438 extending therefrom. The base 436 is slidably received in the first hole 420 to form a gap g for flowing fuel, and has a structure and dimensions for receiving the spring 428 therein. The tip portion 438 has a structure and dimensions that can be slidably received in the second hole 422. The O-ring seal 430 is disposed in the first hole 420 upstream of the base 436. Further, the gasket 432 is disposed in the upper end portion of the connection portion 404, and a compression seal is provided between the cartridge 400 and the container 442. An upright shield may be added to the cartridge 400 to limit access to the plunger 426 as discussed below.

  Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20, the fuel cartridge 400 is adapted for connection to the container 442, which is coupled to the electronic device 2, the fuel cell FC, another fuel supply, or a refilling device. The container 442 generally includes a front wall keyhole 444 for receiving the connecting portion 404, optional side wall slots 446, 448, and a back wall outlet 450. The container 442 may be configured integrally with the fuel cell FC or the electronic device 2. The keyhole 444 includes an enlarged portion 452 and a reduced portion 454. The distance D5 is the diameter of the enlarged portion 452, which is slightly larger than the diameter D3 of the top portion 410, but smaller than the diameter Dl. Accordingly, the fuel cartridge can be inserted into the enlarged portion 452 of the key hole 444 in accordance with the direction of the cartridge 400. This is because the key portion 416 is aligned with the reduced portion 454. Although the distance D6 of the reduced portion 454 is smaller than the large distance D4 of the neck 412, it is larger than the distance D2 (see FIG. 18A). This also allows the fuel cartridge 400 to be inserted into the reduced diameter portion 454 of the keyhole 444 depending on the orientation of the cartridge 400.

  Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20, the intermediate surface 456 in the container 442 includes a recessed surface portion 458, a cam surface portion or actuator 460 and a seal surface portion 462. The recessed surface portion 458 allows a portion of the connecting portion 404 on the fuel cartridge 400 to be inserted into the container 442 without opening the valve 406 seal. Cam surface portion 460 is angled between recessed surface portion 458 and seal surface portion 462. Seal surface portion 462 is aligned with fuel outlet 450. Desirably, the outlet 450 includes a number of retaining ribs 451 as shown in FIG. 20A. The retaining rib 451 is spaced apart to allow fuel to flow therethrough and is designed so that it does not enter the outlet 450 adjacent to the plunger 426. The retaining rib 451 can take any shape, including ribs that form a cross in the outlet 450.

  During the insertion process, the valve assembly 406 remains closed when the cartridge 400 is in the original unmounted position (shown in FIG. 21). For insertion, the top enlarged portion 410 is aligned with the enlarged portion 452 so that the key 416 is aligned with the channel 454. The cartridge 400 is then translated in direction I1 and the top enlarged portion 410 of the cartridge 400 fits into the enlarged portion 452 of the keyhole 444.

  As shown in FIG. 22, once inserted, the top enlarged portion 410 cushions against the surface 456 so that the plunger 426 does not contact the recessed surface portion 458 and keeps the valve assembly 406 closed. To move along the reduced channel 454, the cartridge 400 is rotated approximately 90 ° in direction R1, or in the opposite direction, to align the small distance D2 of the neck 412 with the distance D6 of the channel 454, which is then moved in the direction I2. Move.

  In one embodiment, the container 442 forms a slot 446 above the keyhole 444 and does not include a corresponding slot below, so that only the cartridge 400 can rotate in the clockwise direction R1. Further, the cartridge 400 is locked to the container 442 by the rotation of the cartridge 400. This is because the key 416 is no longer signed as channel 454.

  As best shown in FIGS. 22-24, the fuel cartridge 400 is then moved in the translational direction I2. As the cartridge 400 moves in the direction I2, the tip portion 438 of the plunger 426 rides on the cam surface portion 460 and moves away from the sealing position. Accordingly, the operation of the cam surface portion 460 opens the valve assembly 406 of the cartridge 400. When the gasket 432 contacts the sealing surface 462, it creates a seal between the cartridge 400 and the container 442. As the fuel cartridge 400 reaches the end of the keyhole 444 and the sealing surface 462, the gasket 432 surrounds the outlet 450 and is compressed to seal the cartridge 400 against the container 442.

  These parts have a structure and dimensions such that the valve assembly 406 is not opened until a seal is formed between the basket 432 and the sealing surface 440. This can be achieved by providing a relatively thick and resilient O-ring 430.

This allows fuel to flow through the valve assembly 406 and through the outlet 450 along the flow path from the chamber of the cartridge 400. The outlet 450 is in fluid communication with the fuel cell FC (see FIG. 1), replenisher or electronic device, so that fuel flows to it. The outlet 450 may also hold a screen that filters fuel and keeps the plunger 438 in the open position. The outlet 450 may also include a check valve assembly similar to the valve 406, which cooperates with the valve 406 to establish a flow path therethrough. A flexible fuel tube can be attached to the outlet 450 to convey fuel to the fuel cell.

  Thus, in this embodiment, up to four independent movements may be necessary to connect the cartridge 400 to the container 442. That is, a first rotational movement to align the key 416 with the channel 454, a second translational movement to insert the connector 404 into the enlarged portion 452 of the channel 454, and an appropriate alignment of the thin section of the neck 412 with the connector 404. And a third translational movement to cause the neck 412 to nest along the channel 454 to open the valve 406.

  In order to remove the cartridge 400 from the container 442, the sequence of movement during installation is reversed, the cartridge is moved in the opposite direction to the direction I2, rotated in the opposite direction to the direction R1, and then unlocked, and then the direction It is removed in the direction opposite to I1. When the cartridge 400 is moved in the direction opposite to the direction I2, the spring 428 automatically closes the valve assembly, after which the cartridge 400 reaches the enlarged portion 452 of the keyhole 444.

  In an alternative embodiment, the neck 412 of the cartridge 400 can be formed with a constant smaller diameter D2. As a result, the translational movement of the cartridge 400 in the direction I2 does not depend on the direction, and the cartridge 400 can be realized without the third rotation after the movement in the direction I1. In this modified embodiment, the connection of the cartridge 400 requires only two movements: insertion in translation direction I1 and translation or movement in length direction I2. Since the operation of the cartridge 400 can be further simplified by removing the key 416, the insertion in the direction I1 does not require a specific orientation of the cartridge 400.

  Referring to FIGS. 25-27, another embodiment of the fuel cartridge of the present invention is shown. The cartridge 500 includes a storage housing 502, a valve assembly 504 and vertical shields 506, 507. The storage housing 502 includes a chamber 508 for containing fuel. The housing 502 may be structured and sized to accommodate a fuel bladder or fuel liner (not shown), as previously pushed. Further, the housing 502 may optionally include an outer surface portion 509 that is configured to grip the cartridge 500. For gripping strengthening, it is possible to employ a diameter garden such as jagged, sawtooth, rubber wrap.

  Valve assembly 504 controls the release of fuel from chamber 508. In the preferred embodiment, valve assembly 504 is a normally closed valve that seals cartridge 500 during normal times. Normally closed valves include, but are not limited to, spring bias valves shown in FIGS. 6-24, valves, poppets or check valves disclosed in the '006 application and the' 949 parent application, US Pat. No. 6,746,234. No. 5,957,680, and No. 5,854,530, which are known in the ordinary art. The valve assembly 504 includes a nozzle 510 that projects from the housing 502. The nozzle 510 includes a shoulder 512 and is connected to the remainder of the valve assembly 504 through a shaft 513. Other normally closed valve configurations are also suitable for this invention.

  The shields 506 and 507 are spaced apart walls extending in the circumferential direction partially surrounding the nozzle 510, and extend upward by a predetermined distance from the nozzle 510 to shield the nozzle. The cartridge 500 is designed to couple to the container 514, which container 514 forms part of the electronic device 2, fuel cell FC, another fuel supply, or replenishment device. Container 514 includes an opening 516, an actuator or wedge portion 518, an O-ring seal 520, an optional second valve element, and an outlet 522. The second valve element can provide a seal that opens before fuel from the cartridge 500 can be poured into the device and can be disposed in the outlet 522.

  Referring to FIGS. 26-29, the wedge portion 518 includes a U-forming slot 524 for receiving a stem 513 under the nozzle 510. The wedge portion 518 further includes a beveled cam surface 526. O-ring seal 520 is aligned with outlet 522. When the cartridge 500 is in the initial position and the unmounted position (shown in FIG. 26), the valve assembly 504 is in a closed state. In order to operatively engage the fuel cartridge 500 with the container 514 and begin to flow fuel, the shields 506, 507 are aligned so that the wedge portion 518 can extend therefrom. Accordingly, the insertion of the cartridge 500 is affected by the orientation of the cartridge 500. This orientation can be realized before and after movement in the translation direction I1. As cartridge 500 is moved in direction I1, nozzle 510 is inserted into opening 516. After this insertion, the valve assembly 504 remains closed as shown in FIG. The cartridge 500 is then moved in the translational direction I2 so that the shoulder 512 contacts the wedge portion 518 and the shoulder 512 further moves along the cam surface portion 526 of the wedge portion 518. 526 of the wedge portion 518 is moved along. This desirably opens the nozzle 510 after the nozzle 510 contacts the O-ring 520 and seals the nozzle 510 against the outlet 522. The part desirably has a structure and dimensions such that the valve assembly 504 does not open until this sealing is established between the nozzle 510 and the O-ring. As a result, fuel can flow from the chamber 508 to the fuel cell FC, the replenishing device, another fuel supply, or the electronic device 2 via the valve assembly 504 and the outlet 522.

  To remove the cartridge 500 from the container 514, the order of operation is reversed. When the nozzle 510 is moved in the direction opposite to the direction I2, the valve assembly 504 is automatically closed when the nozzle 510 descends the cam surface 526. A cartridge 500 can be used with an optional cartridge holding assembly, as shown in FIGS. Cartridge holding assembly 528 includes a base 530 for supporting a plurality of spring clips 532, 533. The rear spring clip 533 has a larger spring force than the side spring clip 532, and a force larger than the force necessary to insert the cartridge 500 between the side springs 532 is used to insert the cartridge 500 against the rear spring clip 533. is necessary. The spring clips 532, 533 are desirably constructed and dimensioned such that a predetermined insertion force for inserting the cartridge 500 between the clips 532, 533 is not normally obtained by an unexpected user and / or operation. Have. In addition, once the cartridge 500 enters the clips 532, 533, the spring clips 532, 533 apply a biasing force to the cartridge 500, requiring a predetermined removal force to remove the cartridge 500 therefrom, and so on. Is usually not obtained by an unexpected user and / or action.

  In an alternative embodiment, cartridge 500 may include a recess that aligns with spring clips 532, 533 (eg, the same position as grip 509 shown in FIG. 25). These indentations can be employed as orientation guides in cooperation with the spring clips 532, 533 to ensure that the cartridge 500 is oriented in the proper orientation. These orientation guides can be employed with other cartridge holding assemblies described herein. Optionally, the base 530 can be fixedly or reciprocally coupled to the container 514, or the base 530 can be configured separately from the container 514. Additional guidance mechanisms may be added to the housing 502, base 530, and / or container 514 to ensure guidance and alignment so that the housing 502 and nozzle 510 are properly inserted into the container 514.

  Referring to FIG. 31a, shields 506 and 507 can be replaced with a single shield 536 having a size and shape that protects nozzle 510. As shown, the shield 536 forms an opening and can be raised in contact with the wedge 518 nozzle 510. The shield 506 can also cover the nozzle 510 in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. 31b, and forms a lower opening 505 to allow access to the nozzle. Opening 505 may be covered by one or more spring-loaded gates, such as a spring-supporting gate or a gate with a live joint, and opening 505 includes a slit that allows an actuator, such as wedge 518, to be accessible to the nozzle. It may be covered by a polymer or elastic other sheet or film.

  Referring to FIG. 32, an alternative embodiment of the nozzle 510 is shown. The nozzle 510 includes a tilted shoulder 540 and a slot 542. As shown, the shoulder 540 has a slope. During movement along direction I2, tilted shoulder 540 rides on wedge 518 to lift nozzle 510 and open valve 504. Alternatively, the wedge 518 has a bevel, and a tilted shoulder 540 moves over the bevel 518. Also, instead of the translational movement I2, the inclined shoulder 540 may move upward until the nozzle 510 rotates and the nozzle 510 makes sealing contact with the O-ring 520 before the valve 504 opens. . For example, as shown in FIG. 30, cartridge 500 can be held by spring clips 532 and 533 for translational movement, after which cartridge 500 is rotated and nozzle 510 is lifted by wedge 518.

  Referring also to FIGS. 33 and 34, the container 514 may include a pivotable coupling member 560 disposed within the enlarged opening 516. The pivotable coupling member 560 includes a pin 562 (see FIG. 35) for attaching the pivotable coupling member 560 to the container 514. Alternatively, the pin 562 may be disposed on the container 514. Further, the connecting member 560 includes a hole 564 passing through the interior thereof and an optional O-ring seal 566. Further, the hole 564 may be connected to a soft tube 563 for conveying fuel from the cartridge 500 to the fuel cell. In order to insert the cartridge 500, the connecting member 560 is inclined upward to accommodate the nozzle 510 as shown in FIG. 33. In this position, the nozzle 510 moves in the translational direction I1 and comes into contact with the O-ring seal 566. At this time, the wedge 518 does not need to act on the nozzle 510. Then, the cartridge 500 rotates downward as indicated by an arrow R1, and the wedge 518 engages with the nozzle 510, thereby opening the valve assembly 504. Valve assembly 504 is shown in the open position in FIG. When the cartridge 500 is in such an installed position and an operating position, the nozzle 510 is in sealing engagement with the O-ring seal 566 and the connecting member 560 is in sealing engagement with the O-ring seal 520. Further, in this position, fuel may flow to outlet 522 via nozzle 510 and hole 564.

  In an alternative embodiment, the connecting member 560 may include a spring that biases the connecting member 560 to the tilted upward position of FIG. For example, a torsion spring disposed around one or both pins 562 may be employed. As a result, after the cartridge 500 is removed, such a modified connecting member automatically returns to the tilted upward position to prepare for the insertion of the next cartridge. On the other hand, in order to make the operation more difficult, the connecting member 560 is placed in this position so that the user must correctly align the connecting member with the tilted upward position of FIG. 33 before the cartridge 500 can be inserted. May be biased away from. The user needs to hold the connecting member in the correct upward position while inserting the cartridge. This requires the user to use both hands at the same time. Alternatively, the container 514 and the connecting member 560 may include corresponding detents that hold the connecting member in the correct upward position so that cartridge insertion can be performed with one hand. In other similar embodiments with a pivotal connection described below, the modified spring and modified detent can be employed.

  Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 36-37. In this embodiment, cartridge 500 has either a normally closed valve 504 or a normally open valve 572. The normally open valve is a valve that is normally biased to the open position and discharges fuel from the cartridge. A normally open valve requires an actuator, preferably a spring-loaded actuator, for on operation, ie, to push the valve down to the closed position. In this embodiment, normally open valve 572 includes nozzle 510 and is actuated by spring loaded pivot actuator 574 to press nozzle 510 against the cartridge and keep valve 572 closed. Cartridge 500 is inserted into container 514 along direction I1 and rotates along direction R1 similar to the embodiment discussed in FIGS. 33-34. However, the wedge 518 is omitted in the normally open valve 572. Instead, the actuator 574 contacts the wall of the connecting member 560 and is pushed in a direction opposite to the direction I1 so that fuel flows through the valve. Desirably, the actuator 574 is not depressed enough to release fuel before the nozzle is sealed against the O-ring 520. Alternatively, the actuator 574 may be located on the opposite side of the cartridge so that it does not open until the cartridge is rotated and the nozzle 510 is sealed. Further, the rotation may be less than the right angle rotation similar to FIG. 33, and a flexible tube connection may be employed instead of the seal 520. This is shown in FIGS. 33-34. Alternatively, a flexible tube 563 may be connected to the passage tube 522. Normally open valve and spring biased pivot actuators are known in the normal literature and are discussed in the above-mentioned '234,' 680, and '530 patents. Other normally open valves are known to those skilled in the art. These contents are incorporated herein by reference.

  38-39 show an alternative approach for coupling cartridge 500 to coupling member 560. FIG. A shield 506, 507, or shield 536 or shield that completely covers the nozzle 510 may have a male screw 578 formed thereon. The connecting member 560 includes an outer wall 580 on which a female screw 582 corresponding to the thread 578 is formed. During insertion along direction I1, cartridge 500 is rotated or twisted in direction R2 to engage sled 578 with sled 582. Shields 506 and 507 or 536 are housed in channel 584. After the cartridge 500 is secured to the connecting member 560, both are rotated in the direction R1 to align the channel 564 with the outlet 522. This is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. The shields 506, 507, and 536 or the circumferential shield may be attached to the connecting member by a bayonet mount. A wedge 518 may be provided on the container 514 or valve actuator 574 to open the nozzle 510.

  As shown in FIGS. 40 and 41, the connecting member 560 may include a spring 586 that biases against the shield 506, 507 or 536 during insertion. The shield has pins 588 arranged on the outer surface, and the connecting member 560 has an L-shaped channel 590 on the inner surface. During insertion, the pin 588 moves in the direction I1 along the first leg 592 of the channel 590 and then rotates and moves along the second leg 594 of the channel 590. Spring 586 biases against insertion in direction I1, increases the level of insertion difficulty, and locks pin 588 more firmly after pin 588 is inserted into second leg 594.

  In the embodiments described above or below, the normally closed valve 504 and the normally open valve 572 can be used interchangeably. A biased or non-biased pivot actuator 574 can be employed for both normally closed valve 504 and normally open valve 572. Similarly, a wedge 518 can be used to operate both normally closed and normally open valves. The wedge 518 typically includes a cam surface that can be oriented to pull the nozzle open and push the nozzle closed. For example, in FIG. 24, the cam surface 460 pushes open the normally closed valve, and in FIGS. 33 and 34, the wedge 518 has a cam surface that pulls the normally closed valve open. . The cam surface may be configured to open and close the normally open valve. Further, as described above, the normally closed valve is a valve that is normally sealed and allows fluid to flow when activated, and includes, but is not limited to, a check valve or a poppet valve.

  Figures 42-47 show various examples of cartridges employing a cover. The cover can be detachably or fixedly attached to the cartridge. The cover limits access to the nozzle by unintended users and / or unintentional actions.

  42a, cartridge 500 includes spaced shields 506 and 507, which in this embodiment are further spaced from nozzle 510 and pivot support actuator 574. The valve connected to the nozzle 510 may be a normally closed valve or a normally open valve. The actuator 574 lifts the nozzle 510 to open the normally closed or normally open valve, or pushes down the nozzle 510 to close the normally open valve. It can be. The actuator 574 is typically biased by a spring 577 (see FIG. 43) below the push button 575. The other end of the actuator 574 is an end 596 and operates with respect to the nozzle 510. The cartridge 500 further includes a detent arm 598 that extends from its upper surface to hold the cover 600. Many other methods are available for attaching the cover to the cartridge. Referring to FIG. 42a, the protective cover 600 is removably attached to the cartridge 500. Before the cover 600 is coupled with the cartridge 500 as shown in FIG. 43, a predetermined force is required to remove the cover 600 from the cartridge 500. When the cover 600 is on the cartridge 500, it isolates the actuator and valve from actuation. Cover 600 may optionally include a gripping member 602.

  Referring to FIG. 42b, the cover 600 includes at least one protrusion 601 so that the protrusion enters at least one channel 603 formed in the shape of the cartridge body. Desirably, channel 603 is associated with a twisted path, such as an L-channel, as shown. When the cover 600 is placed on the cartridge 500, the protrusion 601 is disposed in the L-channel 603 so that the cover 600 is firmly supported by the cartridge 500. Desirably, the cartridge 500 is moved along at least two directions, ie, the L-shaped channel 603, before it can be removed from the cartridge. Alternatively, the cover 600 may include an inner cover member having a protrusion 601 and an outer cover member. The inner cover member and the outer cover member are movable and / or rotatable relative to each other, and the user applies a sufficient force to the outer cover member and further transmits this force to the inner cover member to cause the protrusion 601 to move. This requires a separation from the channel 603, which further increases the level of difficulty for leaving the cover 600 intact. Other suitable covers include drug bottles that cannot be operated by drug children and caps used for chemical or solvent containers. Container 604 is configured to receive cartridge 500 and includes an outer surface 606 that defines an opening 608 for receiving cartridge 500. The outer surface 606 further includes an outwardly extending plunger 610 and a connecting member 612.

The connecting member 612 includes a hole 614 in fluid communication with the outlet 616. Hole 614 or outlet 616 may include a valve assembly similar to valve 406 to form an internal seal, such as the valve disclosed in the '006 parent and' 949 applications. Plunger 610 may be a spring load or may be a spring. Further, the plunger 610 or other actuator may be coupled to or integrally formed with the outlet 616, and as discussed herein, the outlet 616 may include a valve element.

  42a, 42b, and 43, the cartridge 500 is supplied to the user with the cover 600 coupled. In order to use the cartridge 500, the user must apply a predetermined compressive force F to the cover 600 to remove the cover 600 from the detent 598. That is, the cover 600 must be separated from the cartridge by moving the cover 600 by a plurality of operations.

  In order to attach the fuel cartridge 500 to the container 604 and begin to flow the fuel, that is, to form a flow path, the cartridge 500 is translated and the cartridge 500 is disposed at the opening 608 and the nozzle 510 is disposed in the hole 614. Thus, the seal is engaged with the connecting member 604. As the cartridge 500 continues to move, the plunger 610 engages the push button 575 of the actuator 574 and compresses the spring 577. As a result, as shown in FIG. 44, the actuator 574 pivots to move the nozzle 510 to the open position. This allows fuel to be sent from the cartridge 500 via the valve assemblies 504, 572 and outlet 616 to the fuel cell FC, refill device, another fuel supply and / or electronic device. By pulling in the opposite direction, the cartridge 500 can be removed. The container 604 may further include a cartridge holding assembly 528 as shown in FIG. 30 for holding the cartridge 500. 45 and 46, cover 600 includes openings 618 and 620 at the top. In this embodiment, cover 600 is rigidly attached to cartridge 500 by a variety of known methods. The cover 600 may be soft and flexible, or may be relatively rigid and support the structure. Openings 618 and 620 are sized and shaped to accommodate coupling member 612 and plunger 610, respectively, during insertion. Further, the container 604 may include a coil spring 622 having a large force instead of the rear spring clip 533. The container 604 may further include a side spring clip 532. As used herein, a high force spring, a stiff spring, or a spring with a large spring constant requires a force of at least about 3 kg in a simple or unitary motion to push down or insert the cartridge. More preferably, it requires a force of at least 4 kg, and most preferably requires a force of at least about 5 kg. This force may be as low as about 2.25 kg or 2.5 kg. Such a large force can be realized by a spring or a detent.

  Referring to FIG. 47, the container 604 may further include an additional retention mechanism. The retention mechanism includes at least one detent arm 624 with a spring 626 that biases the arm 624 toward the cartridge. Desirably, the spring force provided by spring 626 is significantly less than the spring force provided by spring 622. A detent arm 624 biased by a spring 626 helps to hold the cartridge 500 aligned in the proper orientation. Further, the cartridge 500 may include a recess 628 for receiving the tip of the detent arm 624. Optionally, arm 624 may be pivotally supported and extend rearward as shown. At its distal end, arm 624 may include a finger actuating portion 625 such that a user rotates arm 624 in direction R to disengage arm 624 from the cartridge and remove the cartridge from container 604.

  Referring also to FIG. 48, the cartridge 500 may include a slide actuator that adds additional motion upon insertion. The valve actuator 574 in this embodiment is coupled to the shields 506, 507 in a pivotable and slidable manner. The actuator 574 has a push button 575 at one end and is folded to have an opening 630. Referring to FIG. 49, the opening 630 includes an enlarged portion 632 and a reduced portion 634. The nozzle 510 in this embodiment is connected to a normally closed valve. Initially, nozzle 510 extends through enlarged portion 632 of opening 630. The diameter of the enlarged portion 632 is larger than the diameter of the nozzle 510, and even if the push button 575 is pivoted, the nozzle 510 does not move, that is, does not open. Thus, in this position, the actuator 574 is not operatively associated with the nozzle 510. The cartridge 500 further includes a spring 636 that couples the stop 638 to a portion of the valve actuator 574. Spring 636 biases valve actuator 574 to align with enlarged portion 632. Spring 636 may couple valve actuator 574 to other parts of cartridge 500, such as shields 506, 507.

  As shown in FIG. 49, in order to properly insert the cartridge 500, the user pushes with the push button 575 in the direction indicated Pl direction and pushes into the button 575 so that the nozzle 510 moves to the reduced portion 634 of the opening 630. Make it. In this position, actuator 574 is operatively associated with nozzle 510. The user then attaches cartridge 500 to container 604 as previously discussed. L-shaped push button 575 cooperates with plunger 610 of container 604 to hold actuator 574 in the engaged position. When the user removes the cartridge 500, the valve actuator 574 is returned to its original disengaged position by the spring 636.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 50, the positions of the enlarged portion 632 and the reduced portion 634 can be reversed, and the valve actuator 574 is first moved in direction P2, after which the cartridge 500 is inserted into the container 604. Container 604 may also include a detent or other mechanism that can hold valve actuator 574 in the engaged position while the cartridge is being inserted.

  Referring to FIG. 51, the container 604 may comprise a slidable plunger. After cartridge 500 is inserted along direction I1 as discussed above, plunger 610 slides along direction 12 to push down push button 575 and open the valve. Alternatively, multiple movements, including translation and rotation, may be required to move the plunger 610 to the activated position. These actions may be guided by appearance, marks, and / or instructions on the cartridge or container.

  53-59 and 65-79 show various embodiments of cartridges that include stops, latches or locking members to provide operational resistance against unintended users and / or unintentional movements. Referring to FIG. 53, as discussed above, cartridge 500 and container 604 are shown with a removable latch member 640. The user can reuse the clip 640 by returning the clip to the blocking position. Alternatively, the latch 640 in this embodiment is intended as a disposable item and may be a separable piece or clip. Further, the clip 640 may be designed such that multiple actions are required to remove the clip. In this embodiment, the latch member 640 is C-shaped and fits around the push button 575 to inhibit operation at position P1. In order to actuate the valves 504, 572, the latch member 640 is disengaged from the actuator 574 as shown at position P2.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 54-56, the cartridge 500 may be used with other latches or block members 640. In this embodiment, the latch 640 is located in the cartridge and the actuator 574 forms a notch 642 to hold the latch 640 in an unbuffered or unblocked position. The latch member 640 and the modified valve actuator are fully disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,487,657, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The latch member 640 is provided with extensions 644 and 646 that securely hold the latch 640 in the cartridge 500. A stop 648 is provided on the latch member 640. The latch 640 may be provided with a finger actuating portion 650, which may include a ridge surface that prevents slipping. The latch 640 in this embodiment is a spring when made from a flexible material, such as a polymer arrow “metal. The spring / latch 640 can be compressed by moving the finger actuating portion 650 to the stop 648. When the force on the finger actuating portion 650 is released, it automatically returns to the uncompressed state.

  In the normal position, the finger actuated portion 650 is placed directly below the push button 575 to supplement the action by the actuator that opens the valves 504, 572. To enable actuation, finger actuated portion 650 is moved along direction R to stop 648. When the finger king portion 650 is held in this position, the finger actuating portion 650 moves along the direction I and the finger actuating portion 650 is locked to the notch 642. At this point, the cartridge can be inserted into the container 604 and the plunger 610 depresses the actuator 574 to release the fuel.

  Referring to FIG. 56, as discussed above, the cartridge 500 of this embodiment may include a cover 600 and can be used with the container 604. In order to insert the cartridge 500, the finger actuating portion 650 may be manually moved to the actuated position, ie, in the direction R and direction I. Alternatively, the container 604 may include an inclined surface 652 having a shape and dimensions that automatically moves the finger actuation portion 650 along the direction R to the actuation position. Inclined surface 652 holds finger actuated portion 650 in the actuated position, and movement along direction I is not required in this embodiment. When pulling out, the finger actuating portion 650 returns to the block position by the spring action. Further, when the push button 575 is depressed, that is, after the cartridge 500 is inserted, the finger operating portion is moved in the direction opposite to I, and when the push button 575 and the actuator 574 are returned to the closed position, that is, When the cartridge is pulled out, the finger operating portion 650 automatically moves along the direction opposite to R and returns to the block position.

  Referring to FIG. 56b, the container 604 may include a relief 611 so that the cartridge 500 can be inserted only when the finger actuation portion 650 is moved to an unbuffered position that aligns with the relief 611. The cartridge 500 may be provided with a notch to hold the finger actuation portion 650 as described above, or the user may manually hold the finger actuation portion 650 and align it with the relief 611 during insertion. .

  57-58 illustrate another embodiment of a latch 640. FIG. FIG. 57 shows the cartridge 500 with a cover 600 prior to insertion into the container 604. In this embodiment, latch 640 is relatively rigid and is biased by spring 654, as shown in FIGS. 59A-59C. In the block position of FIG. 59A, a latch 640 is disposed between the push button 575 and the outer wall of the cartridge 500. Since the nozzle 510 can hardly be moved, the operation of the valves 504 and 572 is prevented by the interference between the latch and the push button. To actuate the push button 575, the latch 640 is moved at least inward in the inward direction I2 to an unbuffered position. The latch 640 can also be moved upward along the direction T2 to hold the latch 640 in the unbuffered position, as shown in FIG. 59B. When the latch 640 is in the unbuffered position, the push button 575 can be depressed as shown in FIG. 59C, and the nozzle 510 can move to activate the valves 504, 572.

  Prior to installation, the user may move latch 640 along directions I2 and T2ni to place latch 640 in an unbuffered position. Alternatively, the user may insert the cartridge 500 directly into the container 604 without manipulation of the latch 640. As shown in FIGS. 57 and 58, the container 604 includes a biased spring 656 that flexes to allow the cartridge 500 to pass without requiring a force on the latch 640 and move it to an unbuffered position. Let After actuation of the valve or when the cartridge is removed from the container, push button 575 returns to the initial position and spring 654 biases latch 640 back to the unbuffered position. This latch is fully described in US Pat. No. 5,584,682, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

  Referring to FIGS. 60-61, the container 604 may also include a spring 660 that is depressed during insertion of the cartridge 500. Desirably, spring 660 is similar to high force spring 622 and has a large spring constant to make cartridge insertion more difficult. Alternatively, the spring 577 biasing the push button 575 may be more rigidly configured to prevent unintentional insertion. A high force spring is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,854,530, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The biased holding arm 624 of FIG. 47 can also be used in this embodiment. In addition, the nozzle 510 may be extended to ensure a seal due to force / movement and positional errors relative to the container 604 on the cartridge to ensure that the actuator 574 is pushed down with the plunger 610 as a spring load. You can do it.

  62-64 illustrate another embodiment of the cartridge 500. FIG. Here, the nozzle 510 is biased upward by a spring 662. The spring 662 pushes the pivot valve actuator 574 in the same direction. In the block position, the cam 664 is positioned at the opposite end of the actuator 574 to prevent the valve actuator 574 from moving in the direction in which the spring 662 is driven. The cam 664 has an oval shape with longer sides and shorter sides. The cam 664 may be rotated until the short side of the cam 664 is below the push button 575 to move the cam 664 to the unbuffered position, thereby allowing the valve actuator to move and the spring 662 to open the nozzle 510. . As best shown in FIG. 64, the cam 664 may be connectable to the finger actuating portion 666 via a spindle. The user may twist finger actuating portion 666 to rotate 664, which extends out of the fuel cell or electronic device housing and is available to the user. Container 604 may have a plunger 610 that prevents complete insertion of cartridge 500 until cam 664 is rotated to the non-interfering position. Desirably, normally closed valve 504 is used with this embodiment.

  Referring to FIGS. 65 and 66, a latch 640 may be pivotally coupled to cartridge 500 at 668. In this embodiment, the pivot latch 640 is generally elongated and includes a blocking portion 670 at one end. At the other end, the latch 640 includes a finger actuating portion 672. The latch 640 is biased into the blocking portion, as shown in FIG. The latch 640 can move to the non-blocking position when the user pushes in the finger actuation portion 672 in the direction I2, as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the finger actuating portion 672 is advantageously remote from the push button 575, requiring both hands to operate both parts simultaneously to actuate the valve. Therefore, this makes it more difficult to operate the valve in the cartridge 500.

  To insert the cartridge 500 into the container 604, the user may depress the finger actuating portion 672 before or during insertion. Alternatively, the container 604 may have a side wall 676 that presses the finger actuating portion 676 during insertion, as shown in FIG. While the cartridge 650 is held in the container 604, the wall 676 holds the latch 640 in an unblocked position. In addition, a second latch 640 can selectively block the other end of the actuator 574, which is provided against the first latch 640 so that the user presses the finger actuating portion 672 with two fingers. Can be.

  FIGS. 67-70 illustrate another approach for maintaining the pivoting latch 640 in the unbuffered position and placing it inside the container 604. Here, the latch 640 has a block end 670 with a knob 678 that cooperates with the container 604 to maintain the latch 640 in an unbuffered position. In addition to the plunger 610, the container 604 includes a rod 680 that forms a notch 682. The notch 682 is adapted to receive and hold the knob 678 of the latch 640. When the user presses on the actuating portion 672, the end 670 moves relative to the actuator 574 to an unbuffered position. As plunger 610 depresses push button 575 / valve actuator 574, notch 682 and knob 678 align with each other. The user then releases the finger actuating portion 672, the knob 678 is retained in the notch 682, and the latch 640 on the pivot is maintained in the unbuffered position by the container 604. To remove the cartridge 500, the user presses the finger actuation portion 672 before and during removal of the cartridge 500 from the container. Also, as shown in FIG. 69, the finger actuating portion 672 must be fully pressed so that the opposite end of the latch 640 clears the notch 682 and fully inserts the cartridge 500.

  Also, as shown in FIGS. 71-73, the pivoting latch member of FIGS. 65-66 may be otherwise maintained in an unbuffered or unblocked position. In this embodiment, the latch 640 includes a biased retaining member 684 that is reciprocally disposed on the latch 640. The holding member 684 is biased by a spring 686 so that the holding member 684 can slide relative to the latch 640. The body of cartridge 500 includes stops 690 that are arranged to prevent the latch from moving from the buffered position to the non-buffered position in the buffered or blocked position. In the interference position, the latch 640 prevents the actuator 574 from being pressed. To move the latch 640 to the unbuffered position, the user first moves the retaining member 684 against the biasing force of the spring 686 so that the retaining member 684 no longer aligns with the stop 690. This is shown in FIG. Thereafter, as described above and shown in FIG. 73, the pivot-like latch 640 can be moved to the non-interference position. In this position, the holding member 684 is pressed by the spring 686 against the stopper 690, and the latch 640 is held in the non-interference position. Optionally, the retaining member 684 and stop 690 may be provided with a corresponding detent 691 to hold the latch 640 in the unbuffered position. When the user pushes the stop 690 against the spring 686 to remove the cartridge 500, the contact between the stop 690 and the holding member 684 is released. The latch 640 is returned to the blocking position by the force of a torsion spring about the spring 674 and / or the pivot 668. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 73, the container 604 includes an open detent 669, and when the cartridge 500 is inserted, the open detent 669 pushes the latch 640 once to cause the latch to rotate and the holding member 684. As long as the cartridge 500 is in a container 604 that may be released from the stop stop 690, the latch 640 will not return to the interference position until the cartridge 500 is retracted. The latch shown in FIGS. 71-73 is disclosed in commonly assigned US patent application Ser. No. 10 / 389,975, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

  Another pivotal latch 640 is shown in FIGS. 74-75. Here, the lower end 692 of the latch 640 is tilted to function as a cam surface. Cartridge 500 also includes a finger actuating portion 694 that includes a beveled upper end 696 that serves as a cam surface that cooperates with lower cam surface 692. Finger actuating portion 694 is biased by spring 698 against the body of cartridge 500.

  If the user moves the finger actuating portion 694 to the latch 640 against the spring 698 before the cartridge 500 is inserted into the container 604, the sloped surfaces 692 and 698 interact to cause the latch 640 to move to an unbuffered position. And this is shown in FIG. The cartridge 500 is then inserted and operated as described above. When the cartridge 500 is inserted, the finger operating portion 694 is normally returned to the initial position by the force of the spring 698. Upon removal of the cartridge 500 and release of the latch member 640, the latch member is biased back to its initial locked position as shown in FIG. The latch shown in FIGS. 74-75 is disclosed in US patent application Ser. No. 10 / 647,505, filed by Applicant, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

  Referring to FIGS. 76-77, the pivoting latch 640 of FIGS. 65-66 can operate in multiple modes. Pivot latch 640 can be operated in the manner previously described with reference to FIGS. 65-66. In another mode, the latch 640 may include a spring loaded length portion 700 that is disposed between the high force end 670 and the pivot end 668. The length portion 700 includes an inner portion 702 disposed within the outer portion 704. The outer portion 704 is supported on the inner portion 702 by a spring 706. Desirably, the spring 706 is rigid, i.e., has a large spring constant to resist compression. If a force exceeding a large predetermined level does not act on the push button 575, the length portion 700 is compressed and the valve is not actuated. Multimode latches are disclosed in commonly assigned US Pat. Nos. 6,488,492 B2 and 6,726,469 B2, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In yet another mode, the bias spring 674 may also be rigid, i.e., have a large spring constant and resist compression.

  Another multimode latch 640 is illustrated in FIGS. 78-79. Instead of the spring-loaded telescope length 700, a pivoting latch 640 may be constrained to translate along direction I1, which is on the body of the cartridge disposed in the elongated slot 710 note on the latch 640. Implemented by pin 708. The large spring constant spring 706 of this embodiment is disposed between the arm 712 of the latch 640 and the stop 714 on the body of the cartridge 500. The operation of the multimode latch in this embodiment is similar to the operation of the multimode latch 640 of FIGS. That is, the actuator 574 can be actuated by rotating the latch 640 to a non-interfering position or by applying a force greater than a predetermined level. Further, the features of the embodiment of FIGS. 76-77 can be incorporated into this embodiment. For example, the embodiment of FIGS. 78-79 may incorporate a rigid spring 674 and / or a telescopic arm 700.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 78, the latch 640 may further comprise an arm 716 with a notch 718, which is adapted to cooperate with a pin 720 on the stop 714, thereby disengaging the pivoting latch 640. It is held in the buffer position as illustrated. In order to make the operation of the valve of the cartridge 500 more difficult, the spring 577 biasing the valve actuator 574 may be made stiffer to resist compression.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the operational resistance of the fuel supply system relies on the intended user's cognitive ability. In FIG. 80, the cartridge 725 includes an eccentric valve element 726 that forms a flow path through the valve element 728 in the container 730. The container 730 is disposed in the electric device 731 and is supplied with power from the fuel cell FC or coupled to the fuel cell FC. The cartridge 725 is substantially circular, but other shapes can be employed. At least one of the valve elements 726 and 728 has an internal seal, and desirably both valve elements have an internal seal, as discussed above. An inter-element seal between the two valve elements may be established before the flow path is established. Valve elements with internal seals are fully discussed in the '006 parent application.

  Desirably, if the cartridge 725 and the container 730 are not properly aligned, no flow path between the valve elements 726 and 728 can be established. Since the valve element is normally not visible, butt markers 732 and 734 are provided to assist in alignment. Aligning the markers 732 and 734 in relation to the position of the valve element deep in the container requires a recognition ability that is not reliably held by unintended users. Further, the container 730 may comprise at least one detent 736 designed to fit into a channel 738 above the cartridge 725 when the cartridge 725 is inserted. Detent 736 and channel 738 provide feedback, such as snap control or click, when engaged. Detent 736 and channel 738 are positioned such that when they are engaged, valve elements 726 and 728 are spaced apart (even if aligned) or in an unaligned state. Here, an unintended user will think that the complete insertion is complete and will not push the cartridge further in. Instructed by, for example, a booklet or product insert, the intentional user pushes the cartridge further until the valve element is engaged. In addition, when the valve elements 726 and 728 are engaged, other snap controls and clicks are realized to signal that the cartridge is fully and properly inserted.

  In another embodiment shown in FIG. 81, valve elements 726 and 728 are located along the centerline of the cartridge and container. In this case, the cartridge 725 includes a sensor 740 arranged eccentrically, and the container 730 includes a corresponding sensor 742 arranged eccentrically. If the sensors 740 and 742 do not match, no flow path can be established between the valve elements. In one example, sensors 740 and 742 may be electrical or magnetic sensors that can return signals upon request from the controller when matched. If the correct signal is received, the controller opens valve component 728 to open the fuel path. The valve may be a solenoid valve. Alternatively, the controller may open another flow resistance downstream of the valve element 728. Alternatively, sensors 740 and 742 may be a protrusion and a cavity adapted to receive the protrusion. Valve elements 726 and 728 are spaced apart and do not engage until the protrusion and cavity are aligned and the protrusion is received in the cavity. This protrusion may be on the cartridge or on the container. Thus, if the cartridge 725 and container 730 are not properly aligned, in this embodiment the valve element can be electrically or spatially disengaged.

  Another feature of this embodiment is that when the cartridge is not coupled to the container, the valve element 726 on the cartridge 725 is positioned at or near the bottom of the valve channel 744 so that the valve element To limit access to fuel. In this case, the valve element 728 stands upright from the inner surface of the container 730 and is received inside the valve channel to engage the valve element 726. To further restrict access by unintended users, the diameter of valve channel 744 may be reduced, as disclosed in the '006 application. For example, the diameter of the valve channel 744 is approximately 10 mm, more desirably less than approximately 5 mm. Also, the valve element 726 is preferably at least about 2 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm from the opening of the valve channel 744.

  According to another aspect of the invention, the cartridge 725 is there to restrict access to either the valve element 726, the sensor / protrusion 740, and the valve element or sensor / protrusion when the cartridge 725 is not connected. It has a movable gate arranged. As shown in FIGS. 82a and 82b, the cartridge 725 includes a slide gate 746 that is configured to cover the valve element 726 or the sensor / projection 740 or both. The gate 746 may be spring loaded by a spring 748, biasing the gate 746 to the coated position, allowing the gate 746 to move to the open position before the cartridge 725 is inserted into the container 730, thereby allowing the valve element 726 to move. Alternatively, the sensor / projection 740 is exposed. The gate 746 can be opened by the user or by other forces, such as magnetic or electrical forces.

  The track on which the slide gate 746 can move includes a detent 750 that can engage the notch 752 to keep the gate 746 in the open position. As shown in FIG. 83, the container 730 includes a butting valve element 728 and a butting sensor / projection 742. Valve elements 726, 728 and sensors or protrusions / cavities 740 have been previously described with reference to FIGS. 80-81. The container 730 may also have an open slope 754. After the cartridge is inserted, the open ramp 754 enters the space 756 and overcomes the gripping force between the detent 750 and the notch 752. The spring 748 then biases the gate 746 into contact with either the engaged valve element 726/728 or the engaged sensor or protrusion / cavity 740/742. When these parts are engaged, the gauge 746 is stopped and cannot be closed. However, when the cartridge is removed from the container, these components are removed and the gate 746 is automatically returned to the closed position shown in FIG. 82a. The gate 746 may also be sized and shaped to cover the entire opening of the container 730, and the gate 746 may have two or more gates.

  In another embodiment, a gate 746 may be pivotally connected to the pivot cartridge 725. For example, the gate 746 may be pivotable at one corner relative to the front of the cartridge, and a twist spring may bias the gate to the closed position.

  In another embodiment, the spring-loaded gate 746 may be open for a predetermined time before it closes, thereby allowing a deliberate user a fixed time to insert the cartridge 725 into the container 730. give. This period of time is predetermined such that it is generally not sufficient for unintended users to be inserted. As shown in FIG. 84, the spring loaded gate 747 is more coupled to the damper 758. After the gate 746 is moved to the open position as shown, the spring 748 applies a force to the gate 746 to the closed position. Damper 758 slows, but normally the movement of gate 746 cannot be stopped. Mechanical dampers are well known in the art. One example damper is coupled to a spring-loaded door to slow the door closing. These dampers typically comprise a sealed container and plate of, for example, a fluid, such as gas (air) or liquid (oil). The plate is pushed by a spring against the viscosity of the fluid. As mentioned above, the gate 746 may be provided on the cartridge, or on the FC, or on the device. Alternatively, the damper may be replaced by a metal spring, which is compressible and can remain in a compressed state for a short time interval, for example a few seconds, before the spring returns to its uncompressed length. Such springs are typically used in children's pop-up toys.

  Further, as illustrated in FIGS. 84a and 84b, the damper may be replaced with a spring, eg, an intake cap 747 disposed over the spring 748. When the gate 746 is opened, the intake cup 747 is attached to the surface 749 by intake and compresses its spring 748. Since the surface 749 is not faithfully flat, the intake between the intake cap and the surface tail can resist the bias force by the spring 748 for a relatively short time, for example only a few seconds, after which the spring 748 overcomes the intake force, The gate 746 is returned to the closed position.

  In another embodiment, the fuel supply system includes an on / off switch 760. Switch 760 is operably connected to a power source, such as a battery or fuel cell, which is connected to solenoid actuator 762. As illustrated in FIGS. 85 and 87, each power supply, switch and / or solenoid actuator can be located on the cartridge or fuel supply 725, or on the fuel cell FC, or on the device. When switch 760 is closed, i.e., in the ON position, the solenoid actuator is actuated to open and maintain gate 746 in the open position, exposing valve element 726 or sensor 740 previously covered by gate 746. Alternatively, the solenoid actuator 762 and the valve element 726 can be integrated, i.e. replaced with a solenoid valve, and when the switch 760 is in the ON position, the power supply opens the valve element 726 and the switch 760 is in the OFF position. At this time, the valve element 726 is closed. In addition, the system shown in FIG. 87 may optionally include a switch 761 that controls the opening and closing of gate 746 separately. With this configuration, when switch 760 is closed, gate 746 is not immediately opened. Thus, the user can insert the cartridge 725 into the device or couple the cartridge 725 to the fuel cell. The device or fuel cell then closes the switch 761 and opens the gate 746 via the control device. Alternatively, the container may comprise a component, such as a magnet, which closes switch 761 and opens gate 746 upon insertion, after which insertion is complete and valve 726 and / or sensor 740 is exposed. Complete the insertion.

  In this embodiment, the power source is advantageously located on the fuel cell or the electronic device that the fuel cell supplies, cartridge 725 can be disconnected from them, and valve element 726 and / or gate 746 can be opened. Instead, the fuel contained in the cartridge is isolated. Including the optional gate 761 advantageously allows the user to drive the switch 760 without opening the gate 746 so that the valve 726, 740 can be used while the cartridge is outside the device or fuel cell. Can be restricted.

  An exemplary path for allowing the user to move the finger actuation portion 764 and moving the switch 760 from the OFF position to the ON position is shown in FIGS. 86a-d. The twisted path serves as more manipulation resistance for unintended users. Other routes can be selected. A direct or straight path is shown in FIG. 86a. Paths that require at least two movements of the finger actuation portion 764 are shown in FIG. 86b. The curved path is shown in FIG. 86d. A path with multiple OFF positions is illustrated in FIG. 86c. This path can start at different positions of the finger actuating part, each time the actual path to the ON position can be different. This multipath approach advantageously does not allow an unintentional user to learn a path to a particular ON location by looking at the intended user or by trial and error. Therefore, operation of the fuel supply system of FIG. 86c requires a higher cognitive ability.

  The switch 760 can be biased to the OFF position as schematically illustrated in FIG. 88a. When such a biased switch 760 is placed over the cartridge, the container 730 can have a return ramp 766 placed thereon as shown in FIG. 89a. Since the return slope 766 is tilted as shown, when the cartridge 725 is pulled out in the direction indicated by the arrow, the finger actuating portion 764 descends along the slope and moves away from the ON position. The bias force can then return the switch to the OFF position. An exemplary upright profile of the return bevel 766 is shown in FIG. 90 in comparison to the upright profile of the finger actuation portion 764. When the finger actuating part 764 is on the return slope 766, the slope is high enough to engage the part 764, and after the part 764 returns to the OFF position, the slope is sufficiently low and the switch is turned on. A gap is formed that is sufficient to withdraw the containing cartridge. Slope 766 may have a serrated profile as shown, and may also have a square wave profile.

  Referring to FIG. 88b, the finger actuation portion 764 may be sized and shaped to be lower than the cartridge, fuel cell or device sidewall. Retracting the finger actuating portion 764 advantageously allows an adult user with fingers that are fleshier than the child to push the palm of the finger into contact with the finger actuating portion 764 to move the switch 760. Younger children cannot access the retracted switch. Similarly, finger actuating portion 672 (FIGS. 65-66, 69-73) and finger actuating portion 694 (FIGS. 74-75, 76-79) can also be manufactured in a retracted configuration, and operational difficulties in operating the fuel supply. Can be increased more.

  The biased switch 760 and ramp 766 of FIG. 88 may be reconfigured to automatically turn on the switch 760 while the cartridge 725 is properly inserted as shown in FIG. 89b. In this embodiment, switch 760 is preferably biased in both the ON and OFF positions. That is, after the bias spring is biased diagonally with respect to the right angle channel and the switch is moved beyond the curvature or elbow of the channel, the finger actuation portion 764 is turned on or off depending on the interaction with the bevel 766. Biased to the OFF position. As the cartridge 725 is inserted, the ramp 766 pushes the switch 760 from the OFF position to the ON position.

  Also, as shown in FIGS. 85 and 86, the switch 760 may be a mechanical switch, that is, one that is not electrically or magnetically connected to the electrical circuit illustrated in FIG. In the ON position, finger actuated portion 764 of switch 760 aligns with the device, fuel cell undulation or channel, and that portion 764 does not buffer the device or fuel cell wall. In the OFF position, the finger actuated portion 764 does not align with the undulations or channels, and therefore cushions against the device or fuel cell wall. Therefore, the cartridge cannot be inserted in the OFF position. The alignment of the finger actuating portion with the device-like protrusion is illustrated with reference to FIG. 56b as described above.

  In addition, valve elements including magnetic material may be used to increase the operational resistance of the fuel supply system. The embodiment shown in FIG. 91 is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 80 in that the valve elements 726 and 728 are eccentrically arranged. One difference is that these valve elements do not need to physically contact each other to open the flow path, and preferably, physical contact between them does not form a flow path therebetween. Is a point. As shown in FIG. 92, at least one of the valve elements is a check valve. That is, it comprises spring loaded plungers 768, 770 that are biased to form a sealing relationship with the O-ring and the sealing surface. In this case, the plungers 768, 770 are made from a magnetic material. The magnetic forces of valve elements 726 and 728 are selected to repel each other. In this embodiment, the two valve elements are arranged so as to face each other appropriately, and the magnetic force repels each other against the spring to open the flow path through the valve element.

  In yet another embodiment of the invention, the cartridge can be inserted into a container on the fuel cell or device after the cartridge or cartridge-like latch has been moved in multiple directions. On the other hand, the user only has to move the cartridge or latch in one direction to remove the cartridge. One example of this embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 93a-f, which is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17-24. Container 772 includes a keyed inlet 774 that is adapted to receive a matching keyed connector 776 of cartridge 778. As shown in FIG. 93 a, the keyed connector 776 is signed and inserted into the keyed inlet 774. The keyed connector 776 may comprise a valve 780 and other electrical and mechanical couplings. After insertion, the cartridge 778 is rotated in the direction shown in FIG. 93b to secure the cartridge 778 to the container 772. In the locked position, the keyed connector 776 is held in this position by interference between the keyed connector 776 and the spring loaded latch 782. Thus, at least two movements are necessary to insert the cartridge. That is, rotation for alignment / insertion and fixation is required. To remove the cartridge from the container, the latch 782 is depressed as shown in FIG. 93c. The keyed connector 776 and the cartridge can be removed at this point. Preferably, the container 772 includes a spring that is compressed when the keyed connector 776 is inserted, and when the latch 782 is depressed, the compressed spring pushes the cartridge. Alternatively, the spring loaded latch 782 may be pivoted and rotated from the interference position, as shown in FIGS. 93d and 93e. Only one movement is necessary to remove the cartridge.

  Another example of this concept is shown in FIGS. 94a-b. The cartridge 784 has a key 786 at the front end and a notch 788 at the back end as shown. The container 790 includes a spring-biased front plate 792 that includes a front inlet entry 794. The container 790 further comprises a rear inlet 796, which is preferably oriented at a different angle than the front inlet. The cartridge key 786 has a size and shape that is received in the front inlet entry 794 on the plate 792, and the front inlet 794 has a size and shape that is received by the rear inlet 796. To insert, the cartridge 784 must be positioned so that the keys 786 and 794 are aligned with each other. The cartridge is then rotated as shown to align keys 794 and 796. After the cartridge 784 is fully inserted, a latch 798 is inserted into the notch 788 to hold the cartridge. Desirably, the latch 798 is rotatable for entry and exit into the holding position. The cartridge can be removed by moving the latch 798 away from the notch 798. The spring 800 is compressed and opened at the time of insertion, which releases the stored energy and pushes (rotates) the cartridge 784 from the container 790. Similar to the example shown in FIG. 93, insertion requires multiple steps (cartridge alignment, insertion and rotation, latch rotation) and a single opening motion (latch reverse rotation).

  The embodiment of the valve illustrated in FIGS. 6-15 can also be modified to require multiple motions for connection and a single motion for withdrawal. As best shown in FIGS. 12, 13 and 15, in order to couple the valve element 240 to the valve element 140, the two valve elements are brought together along a linear line and the protruding pin 265 has a groove section 160a. Is housed in. The two valve elements then rotate relative to each other and the protruding pin 265 is received in the groove section 160b. Separation of these two valve elements requires reverse movement.

  As illustrated in FIG. 95, the modified main housing 242 ′ of the valve element 240 ′ has three concentric sleeves: an outer sleeve 242a, a central sleeve 242b, and an inner sleeve 242c. All three sleeves have dimensions and shapes that fit concentrically with each other, as illustrated in FIG. In this embodiment, the protruding pin 265 is modified to form a free ball 265 ', such as a ball bearing or BB pellet. The central sleeve 242b forms a shoulder 802 that is adapted to receive the sphere 265 '. The central sleeve 242b is firmly attached to the end cap 250 and can be easily gripped. When the central sleeve 242b is fully inserted into the outer sleeve 242a, the sphere 265 ′ partially protrudes from the hole 804 in the outer sleeve 242a and is retained by the hole 804. The insertion of the modified valve element 240 ′ is similar to that described in FIGS. 12, 13 and 15, ie, a longitudinal inward movement followed by a rotation. To remove the two valve elements, the user pulls the end cap 250 which pulls the central sleeve 242b outward. As soon as the end of the central sleeve 242b passes the sphere 265 ', the sphere is no longer supported and falls into the gap formed between the outer sleeve 242a and the inner sleeve 242c. The sphere 265 'no longer contacts the groove 160, and the valve elements 140 and 240' can be easily separated. Desirably, the end cap 250 should continue to be pulled to completely separate the two valve elements. Alternatively, shoulder 802 may be replaced with channel 802, which has dimensions and shapes that guide sphere 265 ′ into hole 804.

  In yet another embodiment, the valve of the present invention has corresponding valve elements 806 and 808. These valve elements are similar to the collaborative valve elements discussed in the '006 and' 949 parent applications, and are similar to the corresponding valve elements 140 and 240 described above, which are the respective valve elements. Comprises a biased sealing plunger, which is normally pushed against the sealing surface, as the valve element opens when the plunger leaves the sealing surface. In this embodiment, the at least one valve element 806, 808 comprises a plunger, for example until it is unlocked, for example until it is first unlocked by rotating the plunger a predetermined amount. Does not leave the sealing surface. Desirably, the valve element is coupled to a fuel supply, making it more difficult to access the fuel in the fuel supply when the fuel supply is not attached to an electronic device or fuel cell. .

  Referring to FIG. 97, the valve element 808 has an outer housing 810 and a plunger 812 reciprocally disposed therein. The plunger 812 is biased by a spring against the sealing surface as shown. A spring biases the plunger 812 in the length direction, and similarly biases it about its length in the rotational direction to its normal position. In the normal position, as best shown in FIG. 98a, the plunger 812 is locked to prevent movement from the sealing surface. This is because the stop 814 on the housing 810 cushions the plunger 812. In order to open the valve component 808, the plunger 812 must be rotated until the notch 816 is aligned with the stop 814. This is best shown in FIG. 98b. The spring biasing the plunger 812 holds the plunger in the sealing position until the notch 816 is aligned with the stop 814, after which the plunger 812 is retracted from the sealing surface. The amount of rotation required to open the valve element 808 depends on the number of corresponding stops 814 and notches 816. Desirably, valve element 808 is attached to a fuel supply. Alternatively, stop 814 may be disposed on plunger 812 and notch 816 may be disposed on housing 810.

  Plunger 812 has a key 818 on its tip that is sized and shaped to match a corresponding key 826 on plunger 822 of opposing valve element 806. This is shown in FIG. Desirably, the plunger 822 does not rotate and anchors while the plunger 812 is rotated open. Thus, the plunger 822 has a channel 825 formed therein, and the housing 820 of the valve element 806 includes a ridge 824 that fits within the channel 825 and rotates the 822 when the two plungers are engaged. It is supposed not to. This is best shown in FIGS. 99a and 99b. Note that ridge 824 does not need to extend the length of channel 825 as shown, and is significantly shorter.

  When the two plungers are engaged, the housings of the two valve elements are movable relative to each other, aligning the notch 816 with the stop 814. The valve element plunger 822 is movable longitudinally relative to the housing 820, opening the valve element 806. Preferably, the valve element 806 is mounted on a fuel cell or device powered by the fuel cell. When the valve elements 806 and 808 are disconnected, more specifically, when the plungers 812 and 822 are disengaged from each other, the spring biased plunger 812 rotates to return to the locked position. Furthermore, it should be noted that as long as the valve element 802 includes a non-rotating key 826, the valve element 806 does not include a seal and may therefore always be open.

  Similar to the embodiment described above, valve elements 806 and 808 are movable in at least two directions relative to each other to couple with each other. More specifically, the two valve elements are moved longitudinally with respect to each other, rotated at least relative to each other and unlocked, after which the valve elements are connected and flow between them. Form a road. Furthermore, the longitudinal movement may be performed after the rotational movement to open the valve element and is unlocked before it.

  Furthermore, the stop 814 may be modified to yield to it when a force exceeding a predetermined level is applied to it. Accordingly, the plunger 812 may be moved to unlock the valve element 808 without unlocking. The stop 814 may be made of a bendable material, such as a polymer, and the stop 814 may be a high force spring, similar to that described above. In this embodiment, the valve element can be opened by rotating the plunger 812 or by applying a large force to overcome the stop 814.

    It will be apparent that the exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein accomplish the objectives of the invention, but it will be readily appreciated that those skilled in the art can configure various modifications and other embodiments. Further, the features and / or elements of any embodiment can be used alone or in combination with the features and / or elements of other embodiments.

In addition, any of the techniques that prevent normal children from operating in patent literature and commercial products can be incorporated into the present invention. The normal patent documents that prevent such children from operating include, but are not limited to, the following patent documents relating to the present applicant.
4,758,152 / 5,427,522 / 5,642,993 / 6,046,528 / 4,773,849 / 5,431,558 /
5,655,902 / 6,065,958 / 4,830,603 / 5,435,719 / 5,735,294 / 6,077,069 /
4,889,482 / 5,427,522 / 5,769,098 / 6,077,070 / 5,002,482 / 5,445,518 /
5,823,765 / 6,095,799 / 5,092,764 / 5,456,598 / 5,833,448 / 6,206,689 /
5,096,414 / 5,483,978 / 5,854,530 / 6,382,960 / 5,120,215 / 5,487,657 /
5,927,962 / 6,386,860 / 5,125,829 / 5,520,197 / 5,934,895 / 6,488,492 /
5,215,458 / 5,584,682 / 5,957,680 / 6,491,515 / 5,262,697 / 5,628,627 /
5,980,239 / 6,527,546 / 5,417,563 / 5,636,979 / 6,045,354 / 6,726,469

  Also, ordinary patents relating to other applicants relating to items that cannot be operated by children are also suitable for use in this invention. Non-limiting examples of such suitable patents include:

5,531,591 / 5,368,473 / 4,784,602 / 5,634,787 / 5,458,482 / 5,240,408 /
4,784,601 / 5,607,295 / 5,437,549 / 5,186,618 / 4,904,180 / 5,788,474 /
5,409,372 / 5,145,358 / 5,971,748 / 5,288,226 / 5,401,163 / 4,859,172 /
5,868,561

  All of these references, mechanisms that prevent children from operating, are incorporated herein by reference.

  In addition, a mechanism that prevents children from operating from dangerous cleaning containers or medicine bottle caps may be used with the present invention, and caps that prevent these children from operating are incorporated herein by reference.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments are listed below.
[Technical features 1]
Fuel supply,
An apparatus operatively associated with a fuel cell and configured to receive the fuel supply to convey fuel stored in the fuel supply to the fuel cell;
A fuel cell system comprising: means for increasing an operation resistance of attaching and detaching the fuel device with respect to the device.
[Technical feature 2]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 1, wherein the apparatus includes a container configured to receive the fuel supply.
[Technical feature 3]
The apparatus has a valve element and the fuel supply has a corresponding valve element that, when combined, forms a flow path for conveying the fuel from the fuel cell to the fuel supply. A fuel cell system according to the technical feature 1.
[Technical feature 4]
A first valve element connectable to one of the fuel supply or the fuel cell; and a second valve element connectable to the other of the fuel supply or the fuel cell and connectable to the first valve element. A flow path is formed through the first and second valve elements, and the first and second valve elements are movable in at least two directions relative to each other, the two The fuel cell system, wherein at least one of the valve elements forms a seal before the flow path is formed.
[Technical feature 5]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein each valve element has a seal.
[Technical feature 6]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein a seal between elements is formed before the flow path is formed.
[Technical feature 7]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein the first valve element is movable in at least one direction with respect to the second valve element to form the flow path.
[Technical feature 8]
5. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 4, wherein the second valve element is movable in at least one direction with respect to the first valve element to form the flow path.
[Technical feature 9]
5. The fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein one of the at least two directions is substantially along a longitudinal axis of one of the valve elements.
[Technical feature 10]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein the one direction is a rotation about a longitudinal axis of both of the valve elements.
[Technical feature 11]
5. The fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein one of the at least two directions is substantially along a longitudinal axis of one of the valve elements.
[Technical feature 12]
5. The fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein one of the at least two directions is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of one of the valve elements.
[Technical feature 13]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein one of the at least two directions substantially follows an approach line when the two valve elements are coupled to each other.
[Technical feature 14]
The fuel of claim 4, wherein the first direction is substantially along an approach line when the two valve elements are coupled to each other, and the second direction is substantially perpendicular to the approach line. Battery system.
[Technical feature 15]
The first direction is substantially along an approach line when the two valve elements are coupled together, and the second direction is a rotation about an axis substantially orthogonal to the approach line. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 4.
[Technical feature 16]
5. The fuel of claim 4, wherein the first direction is substantially along an approach line when the two valve elements are coupled to each other, and the second direction is a rotation about the approach line. Battery system.
[Technical feature 17]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein an inter-element seal is formed between the two valve elements after movement in the first direction.
[Technical feature 18]
The fuel cell system according to the technical feature 4, wherein the fluid flow path is formed after the first movement.
[Technical feature 19]
The fuel cell system according to the technical feature 4, wherein the fluid flow path is formed after the second movement.
[Technical feature 20]
At least one of the valve elements has a movable body that is biased against a sealing surface, and the movable body is moved away from the sealing surface after movement in a second direction. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 4.
[Technical feature 21]
The other valve element has a movable body that is biased against a sealing surface, and the movable body is moved away from the sealing surface after movement in a second direction. 21. The fuel cell system according to feature 20.
[Technical feature 22]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 21, wherein each of the two movable bodies has a cam surface.
[Technical feature 23]
23. Technical feature 22 according to claim 22, wherein after the movement in the at least two directions, the two cam surfaces interact to move the movable body away from the sealing surface in the at least one valve element. Fuel cell system.
[Technical features 24]
24. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 23, wherein after the movement in the at least two directions, the movable body moves away from the sealing surface in both of the valve elements.
[Technical feature 25]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 20, wherein the other valve element has a cam surface.
[Technical feature 26]
26. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 25, wherein the cam surface moves the movable body away from the seal surface.
[Technical features 27]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 4, wherein one of the valve elements has a channel and the other valve element has a protrusion configured to be received in the channel.
[Technical feature 28]
28. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 27, wherein the channel has at least two segments.
[Technical feature 29]
29. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 28, wherein the two segments are substantially orthogonal to each other.
[Technical features 30]
5. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 4, wherein the first and second valve elements are movable in at least one direction relative to each other for separation from the other.
[Technical feature 31]
One of the valve elements has a channel with two segments, the other of the valve elements has a protrusion configured to be received in the channel, and the protrusion is along the segment in the connecting process 31. The fuel cell system according to the technical feature 30, which moves.
[Technical feature 32]
32. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 31, wherein the protrusion is removed from the channel during the separation process.
[Technical features 33]
35. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 32, wherein the protrusion includes a free member that is detachably coupled to a housing member of the other valve element and is separated from the housing in the separation process.
[Technical features 34]
The fuel cell system according to the technical feature 4, wherein the first and second valve elements are also movable in a third direction relative to each other.
[Technical feature 35]
35. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 34, wherein at least one of the directions is translational.
[Technical feature 36]
35. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 34, wherein at least two directions are translational.
[Technical features 37]
35. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 34, wherein the three directions are translations.
[Technical features 38]
35. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 34, wherein at least one of the directions is rotation.
[Technical features 39]
35. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 34, wherein at least two directions are rotation.
[Technical features 40]
35. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 34, wherein the first and second valve elements are also movable in a fourth direction relative to each other.
[Technical features 41]
41. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 40, wherein at least three directions are rotation.
[Technical features 42]
41. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 40, wherein at least three directions are translational.
[Technical features 43]
41. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 40, wherein the two directions are rotations and the two directions are translations.
[Technical features 44]
A container having an outlet coupled to the fuel cell for fluid;
An actuator,
A fuel supply including a valve,
The fuel supply can be removably connected to the container so that a flow path is selectively formed between the valve and the outlet, and the actuator selectively opens the valve to form a flow path. A fuel cell system.
[Technical features 45]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the fuel supply further includes at least one upstanding shield that restricts access to the valve.
[Technical features 46]
46. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 45, wherein the fuel supply includes two spaced upright shields surrounding the valve.
[Technical features 47]
46. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 45, wherein the upright shield is C-shaped.
[Technical features 48]
46. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 45, wherein the shield of the unraveling rate is arranged in a weekly report around the valve.
[Technical features 49]
49. The fuel cell system of technical feature 48, wherein the shield forms an opening that allows the actuator to open the valve.
[Technical features 50]
49. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 48, wherein the opening is covered by a movable gate.
[Technical features 51]
49. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 48, wherein the gate is biased to a closed position by a spring.
[Technical features 52]
49. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 48, wherein the gate is open and can be bent.
[Technical feature 53]
45. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 44, wherein the actuator is a cam surface on the container.
[Technical features 54]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the container forms an opening comprising at least two sections.
[Technical features 55]
45. The fuel of technical feature 44, wherein at least one of the valve or the container includes a keyed portion, the keyed portion configured to be received in an opening formed in the other of the valve or the container. Battery system.
[Technical features 56]
56. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 55, wherein the opening is arranged in the container shape.
[Technical features 57]
57. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 56, wherein the opening includes a first opening and a second opening, and the second opening is configured to accommodate the valve.
[Technical features 58]
58. The fuel cell system according to claim 57, wherein the second opening is larger than the second opening.
[Technical features 59]
58. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 57, wherein the valve is rotated after the valve is inserted into the opening on the container to hold the fuel supply in the container.
[Technical feature 60]
The fuel cell system according to technical feature 59, wherein the fuel supply is further moved relative to the container to open the valve.
[Technical features 61]
61. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 60, wherein the fuel supply moves in translation relative to the container.
[Technical features 62]
54. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 53, wherein the valve has a movable body biased with respect to the sealing surface.
[Technical features 63]
65. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 62, wherein a cam surface on the container contacts the biased movable body to open the valve.
[Technical features 64]
64. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 63, wherein the fuel supply is movable with respect to the container, and the valve is opened by bringing the cam surface into contact with the biased movable body.
[Technical features 65]
63. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 62, wherein the outlet has a holding member that holds the biased movable body in an open position.
[Technical features 66]
54. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 53, wherein the cam surface is disposed on a surface of the wedge portion.
[Technical features 67]
67. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 66, wherein the valve has a nozzle having an inclined shoulder.
[Technical features 68]
68. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 67, wherein the wedge portion is operatively associated with the inclined shoulder.
[Technical Features 69]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the fuel supply has a cover surrounding the valve.
[Technical features 70]
70. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 69, wherein the cover is removable from the fuel supply.
[Technical features 71]
71. The fuel cell system of technical feature 70, wherein the cover is movable in at least two directions to be removable from the fuel supply.
[Technical features 72]
71. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 70, wherein the cover forms at least one opening for access to the valve.
[Technical features 73]
The container further includes a pivotable connecting member having a hole therethrough, the pivotable connecting member being movable between a first position and a second position, wherein the container is movable at the first position. The hole is not in fluid communication with the outlet, and in the second position, the hole is in fluid communication with the outlet, and the fuel supply is removably secured to connect the valve to the bore. 45. A fuel cell system according to claim 44.
[Technical Features 74]
74. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 73, wherein the fuel supply and the coupling member are coupled together by rotating the fuel supply relative to the coupling member.
[Technical features 75]
74. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 73, wherein the connecting member is biased to the first position.
[Technical features 76]
74. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 73, wherein the connecting member is biased to the second position.
[Technical features 77]
74. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 73, wherein a fuel pipe is coupled to the outlet.
[Technical features 78]
74. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 73, wherein the fuel supply is movable in at least two directions for coupling to the coupling member.
[Technical features 79]
79. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 78, wherein the fuel supply is coupled to the coupling member by bayonet coupling.
[Technical features 80]
79. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 78, wherein a spring is disposed within the coupling member and the fuel supply pushes the spring during insertion.
[Technical features 81]
The container further includes a pivotable connecting member that is in fluid communication with the outlet and is movable between a first position and a second position, wherein the coupling member is at the first position. 45. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 44, wherein the fuel cell system is located at a position for accommodating the fuel supply, and the coupling member is separated from a position for accommodating the fuel supply at the second position.
[Technical features 82]
45. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 44, wherein the valve is normally open, and the valve is held in a closed position by a force acting on the valve.
[Technical features 83]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the valve is normally closed and the valve is opened by a force acting on the valve.
[Technical features 84]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the valve can be opened by magnetic force.
[Technical features 85]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the valve can be opened by electric force.
[Technical features 86]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the actuator is pivotally connected to the fuel supply and operatively associated with the valve.
[Technical features 87]
89. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 86, wherein the second end of the actuator is engaged with the valve when the actuator is pressed at the first end.
[Technical features 88]
The fuel cell system according to technical feature 87, wherein the container further includes a connecting member configured to require a number of the valves, and the actuator is pressed by the container during insertion.
[Technical features 89]
90. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 88, wherein the connecting member is pivotally connected to the container.
[Technical features 90]
88. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 87, wherein the container has a plunger that presses the actuator against the first end when the fuel supply is inserted into the container.
[Technical features 91]
91. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 90, wherein the plunger is biased by a spring.
[Technical features 92]
91. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 90, wherein the plunger has a spring.
[Technical features 93]
91. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 90, wherein the plunger is reciprocable relative to the container to engage the first end.
[Technical features 94]
89. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 86, wherein the actuator is reciprocable relative to the fuel supply to engage the valve.
[Technical features 95]
The power supply further includes a large force spring to increase the level of difficulty in inserting the fuel supply into the container, and a force of at least about 3 kg is applied to overcome the spring and insert the fuel supply. 45. A fuel cell system according to technical feature 44.
[Technical features 96]
96. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 95, wherein the force is at least about 4 kg.
[Technical features 97]
96. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 95, wherein the force is at least about 5 kg.
[Technical features 98]
96. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 95, wherein the large force spring is disposed on a surface of the container.
[Technical features 99]
96. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 95, wherein the large force spring is disposed on a surface of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 100]
96. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 95, wherein the high force spring is disposed between the fuel supply and the container.
[Technical features 101]
A latch operably associated with the actuator and movable between a buffered position and a non-buffered position, wherein the actuator increases the difficulty of actuation of the valve; A fuel cell system wherein the actuator is movable to actuate the valve.
[Technical features 102]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch is removably coupled to the fuel supply and leaves the fuel supply in the unbuffered position.
[Technical features 103]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 1, wherein the latch is movable in at least two directions to move away from the fuel supply.
[Technical features 104]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch is movable in at least one direction to move between the buffered position and the non-buffered position.
[Technical features 105]
105. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 104, wherein the direction is substantially parallel to a length direction of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 106]
105. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 104, wherein the direction is substantially perpendicular to a length direction of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 107]
105. The fuel cell system of claim 104, wherein the direction is substantially perpendicular to a line substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 108]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 1, wherein the latch is movable in at least two directions to move between the buffer position and the non-buffer position.
[Technical features 109]
109. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 108, wherein one of the two directions is a direction substantially along a length direction of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 110]
109. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 108, wherein one of the two directions is a direction substantially perpendicular to a length direction of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 111]
119. The fuel cell system of claim 110, wherein the direction is substantially perpendicular to a line substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 112]
109. The fuel cell system of claim 108, wherein the first direction is substantially perpendicular to the length direction and the second direction is substantially along the length direction of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 113]
113. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 112, wherein the first direction is substantially directed to a longitudinal axis of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 114]
The first direction is substantially perpendicular to a line substantially parallel to the length direction of the fuel supply, and the second direction is a technical feature 108 substantially along the length direction of the fuel supply. The fuel cell system described.
[Technical features 115]
115. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 104, wherein the direction is rotation about an axis.
[Technical features 116]
105. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 104, wherein the direction is a pivoting movement about an axis.
[Technical features 117]
115. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 104, wherein the direction is a translation direction.
[Technical features 118]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch is biased to the buffer position.
[Technical features 119]
119. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 118, wherein the latch has a live joint and is bent into an unbuffered position.
[Technical features 120]
119. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 118, wherein the latch is supported by a spring.
[Technical features 121]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch has a cam.
[Technical features 122]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch is pivotally coupled to the fuel supply.
[Technical features 123]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch is at least partially disposed within the fuel supply.
[Technical features 124]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch is at least partially disposed on a surface of the fuel supply housing.
[Technical features 125]
45. The technical feature 44 according to claim 44, wherein the latch has a user actuating part remote from the actuating part of the actuator, and both hands are required to simultaneously actuate the user actuating part of the latch and the actuating part of the actuator. Fuel cell system.
[Technical features 126]
Further comprising a second latch, each latch having a user actuating portion remote from the actuating portion of the actuator, for simultaneously pushing the two user actuating portions to move the two latches to a non-dry position. 102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, which requires two fingers.
[Technical features 127]
The latch has a first portion and a second portion, the first portion has a user actuating portion, and the second portion is movable between the buffered position and the non-buffered position. The fuel cell system according to the technical feature 122.
[Technical features 128]
128. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 127, wherein a user operates the first latch portion and the second latch portion is held in the non-buffer position.
[Technical features 129]
129. The fuel cell system of claim 128, wherein the second latch portion is held in the unbuffered position after a user actuates the first latch portion.
[Technical features 130]
The latch includes a spring having a large force that resists the operation of the actuator so that the actuator can move the valve to the open position when a force of at least about 3 kg is applied to the actuator in the buffer position. A fuel cell system according to the technical feature 101.
[Technical features 131]
130. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 130, wherein the force is at least about 4 kg.
[Technical features 132]
134. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 131, wherein the force is at least about 5 kg.
[Technical features 133]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein a user moves the latch to the unbuffered position before inserting the fuel supply into the container.
[Technical features 134]
102. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 101, wherein when the fuel supply is accommodated in the container, the container acts on the latch to move the latch to the non-buffer position.
[Technical features 135]
135. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 134, wherein the container has a detent for moving the latch to the unbuffered position when the fuel supply is inserted into the container.
[Technical features 136]
The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 1, wherein the detent is a spring load.
[Technical features 137]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the latch automatically moves to the buffer position when the fuel supply is withdrawn from the container.
[Technical features 138]
102. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 101, wherein the container has a detent for moving the latch to the buffer position when the fuel supply is withdrawn from the container.
[Technical features 139]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the fuel supply is movable in at least two directions for coupling with the container.
[Technical features 140]
140. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 139, wherein the fuel supply is movable in at least one direction to detach from the container.
[Technical features 141]
45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the fuel supply is movable in at least one direction to detach from the container.
[Technical features 142]
60. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 59, wherein the container has a movable stop for holding the keyed portion of the valve for holding the fuel supply in the container.
[Technical features 143]
142. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 142, wherein the stop is movable in at least one direction to remove the fuel supply from the container.
[Technical features 144]
142. The fuel cell system of technical feature 142, wherein the fuel supply is movable in at least two directions for coupling to the container and the fuel supply is movable in at least one direction for removal from the container.
[Technical features 145]
144. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 143, wherein the stopper is biased to a position for holding the keyed portion.
[Technical features 146]
142. The fuel cell system of technical feature 142, wherein the container has a spring that is compressed when the supply is coupled to the container.
[Technical features 147]
146. The fuel cell system of technical feature 146, wherein the compressed spring assists the fuel supply in disengaging from the container.
[Technical features 148]
The container has a first key and a second key, a spring is disposed between the first and second keys, the fuel supply has a third key, and the fuel supply is in the container 45. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 44, wherein the third key fits into the second key when coupled to the second key, and the second key fits into the first key.
[Technical features 149]
148. The fuel cell system of technical feature 148, wherein the first key and the second key are not coupled to each other when the fuel supply is not coupled to the container.
[Technical Features 150]
In the coupling process, the third key is inserted into the second key, and then the fuel supply is rotated and pushed to compress the spring, and the second key is used as the third key. 146. A fuel cell system according to the technical feature 149 to be inserted.
[Technical features 151]
150. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 150, wherein the container further includes a holding member that holds the fuel supply in the container.
[Technical features 152]
151. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 151, wherein the holding member is movable to remove the fuel from the container.
[Technical features 153]
151. The fuel cell system of claim 151, wherein the fuel supply is movable in at least two directions for coupling with the container, and the fuel supply is movable in at least one direction for removal from the container.
[Technical features 154]
152. The fuel cell system of claim 151, wherein the compressed spring assists in removing the fuel supply from the container.
[Technical features 155]
A container comprising a resistance mechanism and a first valve element fluidly coupled to the fuel cell;
A fuel supply including a second valve element;
The fuel supply is removably connectable to the container such that a flow path is selectively formed between the first valve element and the second valve element, and a force of at least about 3 kg is A fuel cell system, characterized in that the fuel supply is necessary to couple the fuel supply to or away from the container to form the flow path.
[Technical features 156]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the resistor has a spring.
[Technical features 157]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the resistor has a detent.
[Technical features 158]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the force is at least about 4 kg.
[Technical features 159]
157. The fuel cell system of technical feature 158, wherein the force is at least about 5 kg.
[Technical features 160]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the resistor is disposed on a surface of the container.
[Technical features 161]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the resistor is disposed on a surface of a fuel supply.
[Technical features 162]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the resistor is disposed between the fuel supply and the container.
[Technical features 163]
156. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 155, wherein the resistor is disposed inside the fuel supply.
[Technical features 164]
A container comprising a first valve element fluidly coupled to the fuel cell;
A fuel supply including a second valve element;
The fuel supply is removably connectable to the container such that a flow path is selectively formed between the first valve element and the second valve element, both of the valve elements being A fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system is disposed apart from a line connecting the center of the fuel supply and the center of the container.
[Technical features 165]
165. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 164, wherein the container is substantially circular.
[Technical features 166]
165. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 164, wherein the fuel supply is substantially circular.
[Technical features 167]
165. The fuel cell system of technical feature 164, further comprising a visual guide that assists in aligning both of the valve elements upon insertion.
[Technical features 168]
165. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 164, wherein feedback is generated for the user in the connection process.
[Technical features 169]
168. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 168, wherein the feedback includes sound.
[Technical features 170]
168. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 168, wherein the feedback has vibrations.
[Technical features 171]
168. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 168, wherein the feedback is generated when the protrusion is received in the channel.
[Technical features 172]
The fuel cell system according to technical feature 171, wherein one of the protrusion or the channel is disposed on a surface of the container, and the other is disposed on a surface of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 173]
168. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 168, wherein a flow path is not formed when the feedback is generated.
[Technical features 174]
184. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 173, wherein the flow path is formed when the fuel supply is further inserted into the container.
[Technical features 175]
A first valve fluidly coupled to the fuel cell and a container comprising a first sensor;
A fuel supply including a second valve element and a second sensor;
The two sensors are arranged away from a line connecting the center of the fuel supply and the center of the container, and the fuel supply is configured such that the first valve is operatively associated with each other. A fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system is removably connectable to the container so that a flow path is selectively formed between the element and the second valve element.
[Technical features 176]
180. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 175, wherein the sensor comprises an electrical sensor.
[Technical features 177]
185. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 175, wherein said sensor comprises a magnetic sensor.
[Technical features 178]
185. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 175, wherein said sensor comprises a mechanical sensor.
[Technical features 179]
185. The fuel cell system of technical feature 178, wherein the mechanical sensor has a protrusion and a cavity configured to receive the protrusion.
[Technical features 180]
178. Technical feature 176, further comprising a control device, wherein the control device queries the sensor to determine whether the sensors are operatively related to each other before starting the operation of the fuel cell. Fuel cell system.
[Technical features 181]
185. The fuel cell system of technical feature 175, further comprising a visual guide that assists in aligning the valve element upon insertion.
[Technical features 182]
A container having a first valve element fluidly coupled to the fuel cell;
A fuel supply comprising a second valve element;
And having a gate,
The fuel supply is removably connectable to the container such that a flow path is selectively formed between the first valve element and the second valve element, and the cover is connected to the valve element. Covering at least a portion of one of the gates, wherein the gate is movable from the partially coated position to an uncoated position prior to coupling the fuel supply to the container. A fuel cell system.
[Technical features 183]
184. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 182, wherein the gate is slidable from the partially coated position to the uncoated position.
[Technical features 184]
184. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 182, wherein the gate is rotatable from the partially coated position to the uncoated position.
[Technical features 185]
184. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 182, wherein the gate is biased to the coating position.
[Technical features 186]
185. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 182, wherein the gate and its support member each have a corresponding holding member for holding the gate in the uncovered position.
[Technical features 187]
185. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 186, further comprising an opening member capable of moving the gate from the held uncovered position.
[Technical features 188]
184. The fuel cell system of claim 182, wherein the gate covers the first valve element.
[Technical features 189]
188. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 188, wherein the gate is disposed in the container.
[Technical features 190]
184. The fuel cell system of claim 182, wherein the gate covers the second valve element.
[Technical features 191]
190. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 190, wherein the gate is disposed in the fuel supply.
[Technical features 192]
186. The fuel cell system of claim 185, wherein the biased gate is operably coupled to a damper.
[Technical features 193]
195. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 192, wherein the damper separates the gate from the coated position for a predetermined time.
[Technical features 194]
186. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 185, wherein the bias member biasing the gate is operably coupled to a suction member.
[Technical features 195]
196. The fuel cell according to technical feature 195, wherein when the gate is moved to the uncovered position, the suction member holds the gate in the uncovered position for a period until the bias member overcomes the suction force. system.
[Technical features 196]
184. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 182, wherein the gate is operated by a solenoid actuator.
[Technical features 197]
195. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 196, wherein the solenoid actuator is coupled to a switch movable between an ON position and an OFF position.
[Technical features 198]
197. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 197, wherein the switch is movable in at least two directions between the ON position and the OFF position.
[Technical features 199]
197. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 197, wherein the switch is movable in at least three directions between the ON position and the OFF position.
[Technical feature 200]
199. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 199, wherein the switch is movable in a curved path between the ON position and the OFF position.
[Technical features 201]
199. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 199, wherein the switch is disposed on a surface of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 202]
201. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 201, wherein the container has an open slope that engages with the switch when the container is pulled out to move the switch to an OFF position.
[Technical features 203]
197. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 197, wherein the switch is biased to the OFF position.
[Technical features 204]
201. The fuel cell system according to Technical Feature 201, wherein the container has an open slope that engages with the switch during insertion and moves the switch to an ON position.
[Technical features 205]
205. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 204, wherein the switch is biased to the ON position.
[Technical features 206]
A container comprising a first valve element fluidly coupled to the fuel cell and a first sensor;
A fuel supply comprising a second valve element and a second sensor;
And having a gate,
The fuel supply is detachably connectable to the container so that a flow path is selectively formed between the first valve element and the second valve element, and the cover is formed of the sensor. And the gate is movable from the partially coated position to an uncoated position prior to coupling the fuel supply to the vessel. Fuel cell system.
[Technical features 207]
207. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 206, wherein the sensor comprises an electrical sensor.
[Technical features 208]
207. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 206, wherein the sensor comprises a magnetic sensor.
[Technical features 209]
207. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 206, wherein the sensor comprises a mechanical sensor.
[Technical features 210]
209. The fuel cell system of claim 209, wherein the mechanical sensor includes a protrusion and a cavity configured to receive the protrusion.
[Technical features 211]
200. A technical feature 206 according to claim 206, further comprising a control device, wherein the control device queries the sensor to determine whether the sensors are operatively related to each other before starting the operation of the fuel cell. Fuel cell system.
[Technical features 212]
205. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 206, wherein the gate is slidable from the partially coated position to the uncoated position.
[Technical features 213]
206. The fuel cell system of technical feature 206, wherein the gate is rotatable from the partially coated position to the uncoated position.
[Technical features 214]
A container having a first valve element fluidly coupled to the fuel cell;
A fuel supply including a second valve element;
And having a gate,
The fuel supply is removably connectable to the container such that a flow path is selectively formed from the first valve element to the second valve element, wherein at least one of the valve elements is electrically connected. A fuel cell system characterized by being a valve.
[Technical features 215]
214. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 214, wherein the electric valve is a solenoid valve.
[Technical features 216]
214. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 214, further comprising a control device, wherein the control device selectively opens the solenoid valve to form the flow path.
[Technical features 217]
214. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 214, wherein the solenoid valve is coupled to a switch movable between an ON position and an OFF position.
[Technical features 218]
218. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 217, wherein the switch is movable in at least two directions between the ON position and the OFF position.
[Technical features 219]
218. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 217, wherein the switch is movable in at least three directions between the ON position and the OFF position.
[Technical features 220]
218. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 217, wherein the switch is movable along a curved path between the ON position and the OFF position.
[Technical features 221]
218. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 217, wherein the switch is disposed on a surface of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 222]
218. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 217, wherein the container has an open slope that engages with the switch when the container is pulled out to move the switch to an OFF position.
[Technical features 223]
A fuel cell system according to the technical feature 1.
[Technical features 224]
A container having a first valve element fluidly coupled to the fuel cell;
A fuel supply including a second valve element;
And having a gate,
The fuel supply is removably connectable to the container such that a flow path is selectively formed from the first valve element to the second valve element, wherein at least one of the valve elements is magnetic. A fuel cell system characterized by being a valve.
[Technical features 225]
One of the valve elements comprises a magnetic body and is biased to move between a sealed position and an open position, and the other magnetic valve element flows with the two valve elements positioned close to each other. 246. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 224, wherein the fuel cell system has a magnetic characteristic of rejecting the magnetic body when forming a channel.
[Technical features 226]
258. The fuel cell system of claim 225, wherein the other magnetic valve element has a biased magnetic body that is movable between a sealed position and an open position.
[Technical features 227]
262. The fuel cell system of claim 226, wherein both of the magnetic valve elements are spaced apart from a line connecting the center of the fuel supply and the center of the container.
[Technical features 228]
A first valve element and a second valve element connectable to the first valve element, wherein a flow path is formed through the first valve element and the second valve element. The first valve element has a plunger that is normally locked in a sealing position, and the plunger is movable away from the sealing position after the plunger is unlocked. .
[Technical features 229]
The valve of technical feature 228, wherein the second valve element comprises a seal.
[Technical features 230]
228. The valve of technical feature 228, wherein the first valve element is coupleable to a fuel supply.
[Technical features 231]
238. The valve of technical feature 228, wherein the plunger is biased to the sealing position.
[Technical features 232]
229. The valve of technical feature 228, wherein the plunger and the housing of the first valve include notches and stops and the notches and the stops are not aligned in the locked position.
[Technical features 233]
The valve of technical feature 232, wherein the notch and the stop are aligned in the unlocked position.
[Technical features 234]
The plunger of the first valve element includes a key corresponding to a key for matching the surface of the second valve element, and the plunger can be moved to the unlocked position when both of the keys are aligned. The valve according to technical feature 228.
[Technical features 235]
238. The valve of technical feature 228, wherein the plunger is biased to the sealing position.
[Technical features 236]
A switch movable between an ON position and an OFF position;
A container having a first valve element fluidly coupleable to the fuel cell;
A fuel supply comprising a second valve element;
The fuel supply is removably connectable to the container such that a flow path is selectively formed from the first valve element to the second valve element, and the switch is retracted from the outer surface. A fuel cell system, wherein the switch is movable by a fluffy part of a user's finger.
[Technical features 237]
239. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 236, wherein the switch is disposed on a surface of the fuel supply.
[Technical features 238]
239. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 236, wherein the switch is disposed in the vicinity of the container.
[Technical features 239]
246. The fuel cell system of claim 236, wherein the switch has at least a portion of a latch.
[Technical features 240]
246. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 236, wherein the OFF position has a buffer position and prevents the fuel supply from being connected to the container.
[Technical features 241]
246. The fuel cell system according to technical feature 236, wherein the ON position has a non-buffering position and the fuel supply can be connected to the container.

1 Fuel supply 2 Electronic host device 3 Latch

Claims (20)

A fuel cell in fluid communication with the fuel cell valve element;
A fuel supply valve element and a fuel supply containing fuel;
When the fuel supply valve element is connected to the fuel cell valve element, a flow path is formed between the two valve elements, and the fuel is transported from the fuel supply to the fuel cell and converted into electrical energy. In the fuel cell system
The fuel cell system further includes:
A resistance system that increases an operating resistance of the fuel supply to and from the fuel cell;
The resistance system has an actuator for opening at least one of the two valve elements to form the flow path, the actuator pivotally connected to the fuel supply; A fuel cell system, wherein the second end is configured to open the fuel supply valve element when the first end of the actuator moves.   The fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the resistance system further comprises at least one shield to restrict access to the fuel supply valve element.   3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the shield is C-shaped or the shield is disposed around the periphery of the valve element.   The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the shield includes an opening, and the actuator is formed to pass through the opening to open the valve element.   The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the opening is covered with a possible gate.   The fuel cell system of claim 5, wherein the gate is biased to a closed position.   The actuator has a wedge or cam surface, the fuel supply valve element has an angled shoulder, and the wedge or cam surface acts on the angled shoulder to cause the fuel supply valve element 2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein   The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell has a moving member for moving the first end of the actuator at the time of the connection.   The fuel cell system according to claim 8, wherein the moving member has a spring or is biased by the spring.   The fuel cell system according to claim 8, wherein the moving member is movable relative to the fuel supply or the fuel cell.   The resistance system further includes a latch that is operatively associated with the actuator and is movable between an interference position and a non-interference position, wherein the latch has two valves. The fuel cell system of claim 1, which increases the difficulty of forming a flow path between elements.   The fuel cell system of claim 11, wherein the latch is removably attached to the fuel supply and separated from the fuel supply at the non-interfering position.   The fuel cell system of claim 11, wherein the latch is movable in at least two directions for moving between the interference position and the non-interference position.   The direction of movement of the latch is (i) a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply, (ii) a direction substantially perpendicular to the fuel supply, and (iii) a longitudinal direction of the fuel supply. In a direction substantially perpendicular to a line substantially parallel to (iv) the direction of rotation about the axis of the fuel supply, (v) the direction of pivoting about the axis of the fuel supply, or any of these 14. The fuel cell system according to claim 11 or 13, wherein the fuel cell system is selected from a combination of the above.   The fuel cell system of claim 11, wherein the latch is biased to the interference position.   12. The fuel cell system of claim 11, wherein the latch further comprises at least one of (i) a live joint, (ii) a spring biasing the latch, or (iii) a cam.   The fuel cell system of claim 11, wherein the latch is pivotally attached to the fuel supply or positioned at least partially within the fuel supply.   The fuel cell system of claim 11, wherein the resistance system includes a second latch.   The fuel cell system according to claim 11 or 18, wherein operation of both hands is required to move one or two of the latches to the non-interfering position.   12. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel supply valve element is a normally open valve, a normally closed valve, a valve operable by magnetic force, or a valve operable by electric force.

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