JP2013070587A - Dc motor, dc generator and dc transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems of a conventional DC rotary apparatus in which a commutator for arranging a direction of a current, which changes with rotation, in a constant direction is required and it makes a structure of the DC rotary apparatus be complicated, whose manufacture is not easy and in which the problems are left in characteristics, life and cost.SOLUTION: A rotor is constituted of a fixed magnet so that one magnetic pole is formed on a surface side of the rotor and a shaft section side of the rotor becomes the other pole. Thus, radial magnetic flux toward a stator inner face from the rotor is generated over the whole circumference of the rotor. Since a crossing relation of a direction of current flowing in a conductor wire inside the stator and the radial magnetic flux always becomes constant, the rotor always rotates in the constant direction in a motor and a "commutator" which is indispensable in the conventional DC rotary apparatus is not required at all in the DC motor, a DC generator and a DC transformer.

Description

  The present invention relates to a DC rotating machine, and more particularly, to a DC motor, a DC generator, and a DC transformer that do not require a commutator.

  In a conventional DC rotating device (DC motor, DC generator), as is well known, in order to always obtain a rotational force in a certain direction, or to always take out a current in one direction to an external circuit. In addition, a “commutator” was required. Since the commutator rotates while being in contact with the “brush”, there are problems due to poor contact, destruction, generation of noise, and the like. Furthermore, although common to DC motors / generators, the stator and rotor magnetic poles (N pole, S pole) are often unevenly distributed in the internal space of the stator. Fluctuations, instability of operation, and eddy current loss due to AC components are unavoidable.

JP Patent Publication No. 2009-189224

Tada, Shinshin, Ishikawa, Yoshihiro, Tsunehiro, Joe, “Electrical Equipment Fundamentals”, The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, September 20, 2004

  As described above, in the conventional DC rotating equipment (DC motor, DC generator), there is a commutator for making the direction of the current changed by the rotation in one direction. There was current loss and noise, electrical performance was unstable, and the equipment was fragile. Moreover, in the conventional DC motor and DC generator, since there are one or more pairs of magnetic poles (S / N) in the rotation circumference, attraction and reaction force act during rotation, and the rotation torque varies. For this reason, vibration is generated, and there are disadvantages such as loss of rotational energy and generation of noise.

Further, since there was no DC transformer that freely converts DC voltage, it was not possible to efficiently generate, transmit, and distribute power. For this reason, it has been impossible to assemble a power transmission / distribution network composed of power generation, power transmission, and power distribution that uses DC directly and efficiently from power generation to power transmission and distribution.
An object of the present invention is to provide a direct current motor, a direct current generator, and a direct current transformer that do not require a commutator and have very little rotational torque fluctuation.

  The principle of the present invention for solving the conventional problems will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a cross section cut along a vertical plane passing through the rotating shaft of the electric motor according to the present invention. FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view as seen from the PP plane of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 (A), a stator made of a magnetic material is composed of a cylindrical stator body 120 and side yokes 125 connected and fixed to both sides thereof. The side yoke is provided with a through hole at the center thereof to form a rotor bearing portion 117. The rotor 110 is accommodated in the stator, and a part or all of the rotor 110 is composed of a fixed magnet (permanent magnet). As shown in the figure, the surface of the rotor facing the stator body is all N pole (or S pole), for example, and the rotor shaft portion 115 away from the surface is S pole (or N pole). It is a rotor that is magnetized.

  In the case of the rotor having the above structure, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the radial magnetic flux 105 emitted from the north pole of the rotor surface enters the inner surface of the stator body 120 facing, and the stator body Flows into the side yokes 125 at both ends. Further, the magnetic flux returns from the rotor shaft 115 to the N pole through the inside of the rotor.

  On the other hand, a motor driving coil is wound around the stator body. In this example, there are a first winding 130, a second winding 140, a third winding 150, and a fourth winding 160, which are arranged in four locations as shown in FIG. 1B. For example, as shown in the first winding 130, each winding has an inner conductor wire 132 laid through a through hole (not shown) in the stator main body, and then the conductor wire passes through the through hole again. After that, the return line 135 is laid so as to follow the outer surface of the stator body. Both ends of the winding are also drawn out to the outside of the stator body to form lead conductor wires 137 and 138.

  In addition, the “line” (for example, “internal conductor line”) of each name described above naturally refers to a conductor line whose surface is coated with an insulating film. Examples of the magnetic material include silicon steel and permalloy, and examples of the fixed magnet include a ferrite magnet and a neodymium magnet, but are not limited thereto. The same applies to the description in the following specification. Furthermore, the drawing is schematically drawn and is drawn as a “single layer winding” with an extremely small number of windings. Of course, a “multilayer winding” structure may be used, and the number of windings is limited to the illustration. It is not something.

  For the internal conductor wires (for example, 132) laid on the inner surface of the stator body, the arrangement direction of the conductor wires is substantially the same as the axial direction of the rotor. Now, when a current is passed through the winding, for example, the current direction is as indicated by the arrow blades and arrowheads of the first winding 130 in FIG. Current flows in the direction of. This current is orthogonal to the radial magnetic flux from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor to the inner peripheral surface of the stator body, and has a cross relationship that maximizes the interaction with the magnetic flux by the “Fleming's left-hand rule”. Yes, a rotor composed of fixed magnets rotates in a direction that follows Fleming's left-hand rule.

  In the above description, the direction of the plurality of internal conductor wires laid on the inner surface of the stator main body and the axial direction of the rotor have been generally made parallel, but this means that the current in the conductor wire and the stator to rotation This is to make the magnetic flux between the children orthogonal and maximize the interaction. However, it is not an essential requirement that the inner conductor line direction and the rotor axis direction be substantially parallel. In some cases, the inner conductor line may be arranged so that the direction of the inner conductor line obliquely intersects the axial direction of the rotor. In this case, considering the interaction with the magnetic flux, the effective length of the inner conductor wire will be shorter than the actual length due to the diagonal crossing, so the conductor dose required for manufacturing will be increased accordingly. However, the effective length of the conductor wire converted per unit time during rotation is almost the same as when the conductor wire is orthogonal to the magnetic flux (however, when the conductor wire group is divided and arranged in a distributed manner, The greater the degree of dispersion, the greater the loss.) If the above can be considered and accepted, it is possible to lay the inner conductor wire so that the direction of the inner conductor wire obliquely intersects the axial direction of the rotor.

  It should be noted here that the crossing relationship between the direction of the current flowing through the inner conductor wire and the radial magnetic flux is that the rotation direction of the rotor is always constant regardless of the rotation phase angle of the rotor. This makes it possible for the rotor to always rotate in a certain direction even if there is no commutator.

  The above is a description of the electric motor. However, when a generator having the same structure as described above is considered, when a rotor made of a fixed magnet is rotated by an external force, the winding is performed according to the same principle as that of the electric motor. The polarity direction of the generated electromotive force taken out from is always constant regardless of the rotational phase angle of the rotor. As a result, a DC generator that does not require a commutator can be realized.

  Next, the DC transformer of the present invention will be described. Consider the case where four windings (first to fourth windings) are provided on the stator body as seen in FIG. The first winding 130 is a primary winding of the transformer, and the second to fourth windings 140, 150, 160 are secondary windings. Now, when a DC voltage is applied to the first winding (primary winding), the rotor rotates due to the function of the electric motor. Thereby, in the 2nd-4th winding, the generated electromotive force according to the number of windings generate | occur | produces, and it becomes the secondary side output of a transformer. Therefore, compared to the conventional method in which direct current transformation is performed by directly connecting a direct current motor and a direct current generator, in the present invention, it is possible to transform direct current voltage with only one rotary transformer.

The main features of the electric motor, generator, and transformer of the present invention described above are shown below.
(1) The magnetic pole of the main surface of the rotor (the surface facing the inner surface of the stator body) is only one pole of the N pole (or S pole), and the rotor shaft portion side is the other pole S The rotor is configured to have poles (or N poles). Thereby, a radial magnetic flux from the rotor main surface toward the stator main body inner surface is generated over the entire circumference of the rotor main surface.
(2) A plurality of internal conductor wires are laid on the inner surface of the stator, and the arrangement direction of the conductor wires is substantially the same direction as the axial direction of the rotor. If acceptable, the inner conductor wires may be laid diagonally.
(3) With the above configuration, since the crossing relationship between the current flowing in the inner conductor wire and the radial magnetic flux is always constant regardless of the rotational phase angle of the rotor, the rotor is always in a constant direction in an electric motor. In the generator (or transformer), the polarity of the generated electromotive force is always constant.
(4) That is, a DC motor, a DC generator, and a DC transformer that do not require any “commutator” that is indispensable for conventional DC rotating devices can be obtained.
(5) Since there is only one pole of N or S in the rotation circumference, there is very little torque fluctuation with respect to rotation, so there is little vibration and energy loss during rotation, and extremely smooth and quiet rotation is obtained. It is done.

  Next, the details of the winding (internal conductor wire), the rotor, the side yoke and the like constituting the present invention will be described below.

  First, as a method of laying an internal conductor wire, a coiled wire was taken as an example as shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B). In this case, a method may be employed in which “slots” are provided in the portion where the inner conductor wire is laid on the inner surface of the stator, and the inner conductor wire is inserted therein. Alternatively, each of the inner conductor wires may be drawn out of the stator from an extraction window that extends through both ends and penetrates the stator body. The lead wires in this case correspond to the return wires 135 and 145 in the case of windings, but since they are outside the stator, they do not intersect with the radial magnetic flux at all, so the lead wires should be freely routed and connected. Can do. In order to achieve consistency with a DC power supply that supplies current to the internal conductor lines, for example, several internal conductor lines are connected in parallel and some of the parallel connected conductor lines are connected in series. Can be connected. This makes it easy to adjust the combined resistance value of the inner conductor line group to a desired value and to match the voltage / current of the driving DC power supply.

  Furthermore, as another method for laying the internal conductor wires, there is a method in which the internal conductor wire group is provided on the substrate in advance and this is attached to the inner surface of the stator body. Specifically, it is an “internal conductor line unit” in which a plurality of conductor lines are printed on a flexible printed board and lead wires are connected to both ends of each conductor line. Alternatively, a “winding unit” is formed by winding a plurality of conductor wires around the surface of a plate-like core made of a magnetic material. The return line when winding the conductor wire on the surface goes around the side wall of the plate core, and the return part that is parallel to the inner conductor wire on the surface is configured to return inside the tunnel that is substantially magnetically shielded Is done.

  The method of mounting the “inner conductor wire unit” or “winding unit” described above on the inner surface of the stator body is easier to manufacture than the winding method shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B). is there. In particular, when a transformer is manufactured, an “internal conductor line unit” and a “winding unit” corresponding to various types of transformation ratio specifications can be prepared in advance, which has a great advantage in manufacturing.

  In order to take out the lead wires of the above “internal conductor wire unit” and “winding unit” to the outside of the stator, a lead window provided in the stator main body and the side yoke is used. At this time, in order not to obstruct the flow of magnetic flux in the stator main body and the side yoke as much as possible, it is necessary to make the shape a long hole along the direction of the magnetic flux, and to keep the size to the minimum necessary. . This minimizes an increase in the magnetic resistance of the stator main body and side yoke due to the installation of the lead wire extraction window.

  The inner conductor wire described above may be laid over the entire inner surface of the stator main body, regardless of whether it is a coiled winding, an inner conductor wire unit, or a winding unit.・ It may be laid in a distributed manner.

  Next, the structure of the rotor will be described. As described above, the magnetic pole of the main surface of the rotor (the surface facing the inner surface of the stator body) is only one pole of N pole (or S pole), and the shaft portion side of the rotor is the other pole. S pole (or N pole). The entire rotor is composed of a fixed magnet so as to have the above polarity. Or it is good also as a structure which comprises a rotor with a magnetic body and incorporates a fixed magnet in the one part. In this case, a structure in which a rod-like fixed magnet is incorporated in a member in the vicinity of the rotor shaft having the largest magnetic resistance when viewed as a whole of the rotor is suitable, which is effective in reducing the magnetic resistance.

  Regarding the reduction of the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit composed of the stator main body, the side yoke, and the rotor in the present invention, in addition to the above improvement measures, there is a device in the rotor bearing portion. That is, since a gap is formed between the side yoke and the rotor shaft in the bearing portion, the magnetic resistance is increased in this portion. For this reason, the thickness of the bearing portion of the side yoke is made thicker than that of the peripheral portion. As a result, the facing area between the rotor shaft surface and the side yoke bearing surface facing the rotor shaft surface increases, so that an increase in magnetic resistance at this portion can be reduced.

  The DC motor of the present invention has no output torque fluctuation, quiet and high efficiency, low noise and few failures, and exhibits excellent durability. In addition, the direct current generator of the present invention easily generates a direct current with less pulsating current, has low noise, has few failures, and exhibits excellent durability. Furthermore, the DC transformer realized by the present invention not only converts a DC voltage with a small pulsating current into various stable DC voltages, but also a desired voltage with a low pulsating current, noise, etc. from a DC voltage with a pulsating current. It can be converted to a DC voltage. In particular, the DC transformer of the present invention can be applied to an efficient DC power transmission / transformation / distribution system.

Schematic sectional view of the electric motor of the present invention Schematic sectional view taken along the line PP in FIG. Schematic sectional view of the electric motor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Schematic sectional view of the rotor in Example 1 of the present invention The schematic top view of the winding in Example 1 of this invention Schematic cross-sectional view of the stator bearing end in Example 1 of the present invention Schematic sectional view of the rotor in Example 2 of the present invention Schematic sectional view of the electric motor in Embodiment 3 of the present invention Schematic plan view of “internal conductor line unit” in Example 3 of the present invention Model sectional drawing of the "winding unit" in Example 4 of this invention Schematic plan view of “winding unit” in Embodiment 4 of the present invention

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  2A is a cross-sectional view parallel to the rotor axial direction of the electric motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific structure of the rotor in this example. is there. A side yoke 225 made of a magnetic material is connected to the side of a cylindrical stator body 220 made of a magnetic material to constitute a stator of the electric motor.

  In this example, two windings of a first winding 230 and a second winding 240 are provided at two locations on the stator body, and these are the driving coils of the motor. Hereinafter, the winding structure will be described for the first winding. FIG. 2C is a schematic plan view of the first winding as viewed from the inside of the stator body. The conductor wire is wound in a coil shape through the inside and outside of the stator body through the conductor wire lead-out window 222 provided through the stator body 220, and both ends of the winding are drawn out to the lead conductor wire. 237 and 238 are drawn to the outside of the stator body. Inside the stator main body, conductor wires (internal conductor wires 232) are laid in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the rotor 210.

  Assuming that a current is passed through the winding, the current flows in the same direction in each internal conductor wire 232 as a matter of course. Further, the lead-out window 222 provided for taking out the conductor wire is not a little obstacle to the magnetic flux flowing in the stator body, so that the direction of the elongated through hole is made parallel to the magnetic flux flow direction. In addition, care must be taken not to increase the size more than necessary. Thereby, the increase in the magnetic resistance in a stator main body can be reduced.

  The rotor 210 is accommodated in the stator configured as described above. A rotor bearing portion 217 for supporting the rotor shaft 215 is provided at the center portion of the side yoke so as to penetrate the side yoke. Further, an internal shaft portion 212 that is connected to the rotor shaft 215 and has a diameter larger than that of the rotor shaft is provided. As shown in FIG. 1A, a relatively large magnetic resistance is generated at the portion of the rotor shaft 215 whose diameter is reduced with respect to the magnetic flux passing through the rotor. For this reason, the inner shaft portion 212 between the rotor body 211 and the rotor shaft 215 has a diameter larger than that of the rotor shaft 215 to suppress an increase in magnetic resistance.

  For the same reason, the thickness of the side yoke in the portion of the through hole of the side yoke in contact with the rotor bearing portion 217 is increased to suppress an increase in magnetic resistance at the rotor bearing portion.

  Next, the rotor will be described. FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view in the axial direction showing the detailed structure of the rotor of this example. The rotor 210 includes a rotor body 211 made of a magnetic material, an internal shaft portion 212 made of a cylindrical fixed magnet, and a rotor shaft 215 made of a magnetic material. In a magnetic circuit composed of a stator and a rotor, the magnetic resistance is highest near the rotor shaft. Therefore, the internal shaft portion 212 located near the rotor shaft can be composed of a fixed magnet. It is effective in reducing the increase.

  Further, a magnetic attraction force is generated between the rotor composed of the fixed magnets and the side yoke. This suction force is almost balanced in the axial direction, but is not completely zero, so that a frictional drag is generated between the inner shaft portion 212 and the side yoke 225. For this reason, the thrust bearing 265 is inserted between the side surface of the inner shaft portion and the inner surface of the side yoke to reduce the frictional drag. Similarly, a radial bearing 260 is provided to reduce the frictional drag generated at the rotor bearing portion 217.

  In the DC motor of this example shown in FIG. 2A, the rotor rotates when the first winding 230 and the second winding 240 are connected in series outside the stator and current is supplied thereto. If the specifications of the first winding and the second winding are the same, it is possible to operate them by connecting them in parallel. In this example, the stator has a structure having two windings. However, two or more windings may be used, and one winding is laid over the entire inner surface of the stator body. May be. Furthermore, in the system in which the windings are divided into a plurality of pieces, matching with the driving DC power source is facilitated if each winding is connected in a desired manner such as in series, parallel, or series-parallel.

  Next, an example in which the DC motor shown in FIG. 2 is used as a DC transformer will be described. Now, if a DC voltage is applied only to the first winding 230 to rotate the rotor and the generated electromotive force is taken out from the second winding 240, it can be operated as a DC transformer. In this case, the DC voltage can be transformed at a transformation ratio corresponding to the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding on the primary side to the number of turns of the secondary winding on the secondary side.

  When operating as a transformer as in this example, the rotor bearing end can be structured as shown in FIG. FIG. 2D is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotor bearing end portion, and a shield cap 227 made of a magnetic material is provided at the terminal portion of the rotor shaft 215. In the transformer, since it is not necessary to expose the rotor shaft to the outside of the side yoke, the magnetic flux leaking from the end of the rotor shaft to the outside of the side yoke can be shielded by the shield cap. Although not shown, it is also possible to obtain a shielding effect by integrating the shield cap and the side yoke so that the rotor bearing portion has a bag-like structure.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the rotor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The rotor 310 of this example includes a cylindrical fixed magnet 313, a rotor body 311 made of a magnetic material, and a rotor shaft 315. The cylindrical fixed magnet is fitted and fixed to a rotor body made of a magnetic material. Further, the outer surface of the cylindrical fixed magnet is an N pole (or S pole), and the inner surface is an S pole (or N pole). By fitting and fixing the cylindrical fixed magnet to the rotor body, the rotor shaft portion is magnetized to the S pole (or N pole). Note that the shape of the rotor main body 311 is not limited to this, and there may be a shape in which the shoulder of the rotor main body is tapered as shown in FIG.

  Another method for laying the inner conductor wire on the inner surface of the stator body will be described below. In this example, three “inner conductor line groups” are formed on a flexible printed board by a printing method, and are fixed to the inner surface of the stator body as “inner conductor line units”. FIG. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the above-mentioned three printed circuit board type “internal conductor wire units” 410 are mounted on the inner surface of the stator main body, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a printed circuit board type “internal conductor line unit”.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, an internal conductor line 430 is provided on a flexible printed wiring board 432 by a printing method. Although a part of the illustration is omitted, lead wires 437 for pulling out each conductor wire to the outside of the stator are connected to the terminal 433 of each conductor wire. It is pulled out of the stator through 422. In this example, the drawer window is provided as a through hole in the side yoke, but may be a desired location of the stator body.

  At this time, it is necessary to minimize that the extraction window becomes a resistance to the flow of magnetic flux inside the side yoke and the stator body. For this reason, the sectional area of the extraction window with respect to the flow direction of the magnetic flux is minimized, and the shape center line along the longitudinal direction of the extraction window is parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux flowing in the stator or the side yoke. A drawer window is disposed on the wall.

  For each internal conductor wire drawn out by the lead wire, connect them in series, then connect them in series or in parallel with another “internal conductor unit” of the same type. It is used as an internal conductor line group for driving, and in the case of a DC generator, it is used as an internal conductor line group for taking out the generated electromotive force.

  Still another method for laying the inner conductor wire on the inner surface of the stator body will be described below. In this example, a conductor wire is wound around the plate-like magnetic core, and this “winding unit” is fixed to the inner surface of the stator body. FIG. 5A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the above-described “winding unit” fixed to the inner surface of the stator body. FIG. 5B is a schematic plan view of the “winding unit”.

  Details of the winding unit 520A will be described below. As shown in the figure, the plate-like core 510 made of a magnetic material is closely attached to and fixed to the inner surface of the stator main body 420, and therefore bends following the curvature of the inner surface of the stator. In addition, a “ridge-shaped recess” is provided in a side wall portion parallel to the inner conductor wire 530 of the plate core. When adjacent plate cores are brought into close contact with each side wall portion, a magnetic shield tunnel is formed by the inner wall of the stator body and the bowl-shaped recess.

  Next, the winding state will be described in more detail using the winding unit 520A as an example. If the arrow feather mark and arrowhead mark written on the internal conductor line 530 in FIG. 5 (A) are assumed to flow an electric current through the internal conductor line, each internal conductor line has such a direction (or reverse direction). It shows that current flows. All the currents flowing through the inner conductor lines 530 in each slot 560 flow in the same direction. In this example, a slot 560 is provided on a plate-like core surface facing the rotor in a direction substantially parallel to the rotor axial direction. This facilitates the positioning and fixing of the inner conductor wire on the plate-like core.

  Hereinafter, the winding state of the plate-like core will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B). For example, the winding conductor wire passes through the “corrugated recess” on the side wall of the plate-like core as a return wire 2 (532), then passes through the slot 560 on the upper surface of the core, and the slot outlet on the opposite side. To the first “saddle-shaped recess” as 1 (531) of the return line. Further, the return line 531 passes through the “trench-shaped recess” once passed, passes through the core side wall as a return line 1 (531), and again enters the next slot on the core surface.

  The winding operation proceeds by repeating the above. When half of the slots are wound, the return line 2 (532) is changed so as to pass through the “saddle-shaped recess” on the opposite side. Thereafter, the same winding operation is performed, the inner conductor wires are arranged in all the slots, and the conductor wires at both ends of the winding are used as the lead conductor wires 537 from the desired lead window (not shown) to the stator. Pull out outside.

  In this example, the winding units 520A, 520B, and 520C are adhered and fixed to the inner surface of the stator body using the fixing bolt 580. In addition, you may make it adhere with an adhesive agent irrespective of the above, and if it adheres and fixes, a fixing method will not be limited.

  In this example, the winding unit is laid over the entire inner surface of the stator body. However, some of the winding units may be distributed on the inner surface of the stator body. At this time, in a winding unit in which there is no adjacent winding unit, a magnetic shield tunnel cannot be formed only with the hook-shaped recesses on the side wall. For this reason, a U-shaped groove is provided on the side wall side of the plate-like core of such a winding unit. If the winding unit having this structure is attached to the inner surface of the stator body, the space surrounded by the U-shaped groove provided at the end of the plate core and the inner wall of the stator body is used as a magnetic shield tunnel. be able to.

  Several winding units can be connected in series or in parallel as required by the conductor wire drawn out of the stator. In the case of a DC motor, these winding units function as an internal conductor line group for driving, and in the case of a DC generator, they become an internal conductor line group for extracting generated electromotive force.

  As described above, some examples of the structure of the rotor of the present invention have been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, as described in the section “Means for Solving the Problems”, it is only necessary that a fixed magnet is incorporated in a part of a stator made of a magnetic material so that the entire rotor is magnetized. The method of incorporating the fixed magnet, the dimensional ratio of each part of the rotor, and the like are determined in consideration of the characteristics of the fixed magnet and the magnetic material used, the restrictions on the processing, and the like.

  In the description of the embodiments, the direction of the internal conductor line is generally matched with the rotor axis direction, but this is not an essential requirement. In other words, even if an angle deviation occurs in both directions, the electromagnetic effective length is only reduced compared to the actual physical length of the inner conductor wire, and if this is acceptable, the direction of the inner conductor wire is changed to the rotor shaft. The internal conductor wire can also be laid out of the direction. According to this, it is also possible to use a “winding unit” wound obliquely.

  Furthermore, in the electric motors having the various structures described above, if a plurality of internal conductor wire groups are distributed and laid at several places, it can be operated as a DC transformer. In other words, the DC transformer is configured such that one internal conductor line group serves as a primary-side input terminal, and the remaining other conductor wire groups serve as secondary-side output terminals. Compared with the conventional system, in the present invention, DC voltage can be transformed with only one rotary transformer.

  The DC motor and DC generator of the present invention are highly compatible with DC motors and DC generators that have been widely used so far, and can be widely used and applied industrially. Moreover, the direct current transformer of the present invention can be used for facilities and devices that require direct current transformation.

110, 210, 310 ... rotor 115, 215, 315 ... rotor shaft 117, 217 ... rotor bearing 120, 220, 420 ... stator body 125, 225... Side yoke 130, 230... First winding 132, 142, 232, 242, 430, 530... Internal conductor wire 135, 145, 235, 245. Wires 137, 138, 147, 148 ... Lead conductor wires 140, 240 ... Second winding 190, 290 ... Stator installation legs 211, 311 ... Rotor body 212... Internal shaft portion 220... Stator body 222, 422... Drawer windows 237, 238, 247, 248... Lead conductor wire 260. ········································································································ Cylindrical Fixed Magnet 410 ··· Internal Conductor Wire Unit 432 ··· Printed Wiring Boards ... 1 of the return line
532: Return line 2
580: Fixing bolt

Claims (7)

A DC motor or a DC generator,
It consists of a rotor and a stator,
The rotor is entirely composed of a fixed magnet, or a part of the rotor is a fixed magnet,
The balance is made of magnetic material,
The stator is composed of a stator body made of a magnetic material and a side yoke,
Desired inner conductor line group consisting of a plurality of conductor wires over the entire inner surface of the stator body facing the rotor, or by dividing / dispersing the inner conductor wire group Laying in position,
The angle formed by the direction of the inner conductor line and the rotor axis direction is parallel or obliquely intersected,
Pull out the wires at both ends of each of the internal conductor wires to the outside through the extraction window provided in the stator body or the side yoke
In the extraction window, the extraction window is arranged so that the extraction window center line along the longitudinal direction of the extraction window shape is parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux flowing in the stator body or the side yoke,
The internal conductor wires taken out of the stator are connected to both ends of the internal conductor wires or lead wires connected to both ends in series, in parallel, or in parallel with the parallel wire groups described above,
The internal conductor wire group connected as described above is used as a conductor wire group for driving in a DC motor, and as a conductor wire group for taking out electromotive force in a DC generator. Electric motor or DC generator. Instead of connecting each of the conductive wires at both ends of the internal conductor wire taken out from the stator in series, a conductor wire including the internal conductor wire is wound in a coil shape with the stator body as a core. The DC motor or DC generator according to claim 1. The use of an “internal conductor line unit” in which an internal conductor line group is formed on a flexible printed circuit board by a printing method as each internal conductor line group that is laid separately or separately on the inner surface of the stator. The direct current motor or direct current generator according to claim 1 characterized by things. A “winding unit” is formed by winding a conductor wire including an internal conductor wire on a plate-like core having a curved shape following the inner surface shape of the stator body and a high magnetic permeability,
In the “winding unit”, the return wire (the winding portion other than the regular inner conductor wire orthogonal to the magnetic flux) becomes the inner conductor wire on the surface of the plate core through the side wall of the plate core. ,
Further, when the return line passes through the side wall perpendicular to the magnetic flux, the return line returns into the magnetic shield tunnel formed by the flange-shaped portion or U-shaped groove portion at the end of the plate-shaped core and the inner wall of the stator. Through the wire,
2. The “winding unit” having the above-described configuration is fixed to the inner surface of the stator as a group of internal conductor wires that are individually or dividedly laid on the inner surface of the stator. DC motor or DC generator. In the rotor as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
The rotor is composed of a rotor body, an inner shaft portion located in the vicinity of the rotor shaft, and a rotor shaft.
The rotor body and rotor shaft are made of magnetic material,
The inner shaft portion located between the rotor body and the rotor shaft is thicker than the rotor shaft,
And it has a smaller diameter than the rotor body,
The internal shaft part is composed of a cylindrical fixed magnet, and the magnetic poles of the internal shaft parts on the opposite sides have the same polarity so that the rotor body, the internal shaft part, and the rotor shaft The DC motor or DC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotor is configured by assembling and integrating the center axes so as to be integrated. In the rotor as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
For a rotor composed of a rotor body made of magnetic material and a rotor shaft,
A cylindrical fixed magnet is fitted and fixed to the main surface of the rotor body (the surface facing the inner surface of the stator body),
The cylindrical fixed magnet is magnetized so that the cylindrical outer surface is the N pole (or S pole) and the inner surface is the S pole (or N pole),
The DC motor or DC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a rotor having the above configuration is used. The DC motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one of the plurality of divided inner conductor wire groups is used as a primary side input terminal, and the remaining other inner conductor wire groups are output as a secondary side. A DC transformer that is used as a terminal, applies a voltage to be transformed to a primary side input terminal, operates the DC motor, and obtains a transformed voltage from a secondary side output terminal.

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