JP2013064469A - Gear shift device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control device for a synchronous meshing mechanism capable of suppressing the effect of temperature on a stroke sensor without adding a separate component.SOLUTION: A gear shift device for a synchronous meshing mechanism comprises a detent mechanism, an actuator, a stroke sensor, a control unit, and a memory unit for storing a reference position of the stroke sensor. When a state of the synchronous meshing mechanism is to be changed, the control unit executes an actuation force reduction step of reducing the actuation force of the actuator to a predetermined value being a value not affecting the actuation of a fork (STEP1), then finds acceleration of a displacement on the basis of an output value of the stroke sensor, finds a change point at which displacement acceleration is changed from a decreasing state to an increasing state on the basis of the found displacement acceleration (STEP2), and causes the change point to be stored as a new reference position (STEP5) when the output value overshoots relative to the change point (STEP4).

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear shift device that switches a state of a synchronous meshing mechanism provided in a transmission.

  Conventionally, a gear shift device that switches the gears of a transmission by switching the state of a synchronous meshing mechanism is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The synchronous meshing mechanism includes a sleeve. The gear shift device receives a signal from a stroke sensor that detects the stroke amount of the fork engaged with the sleeve, and controls the sleeve via the fork based on the received signal.

  The fork is provided with a detent mechanism, and the detent mechanism is releasably held in a coupled state in which the gear for shifting and the sleeve are spline-coupled and in a neutral state in which the coupling is released.

  Moreover, in the thing of patent document 1, since a stroke sensor is easy to receive to the influence of temperature, it has responded by providing a temperature sensor.

JP 2009-144843 A

  In the conventional control device, since the temperature sensor is provided in order to eliminate the influence of the temperature of the stroke sensor, the number of parts increases and the cost increases.

  In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide a gear shift device that can suppress the influence of the temperature of a stroke sensor without providing additional components.

  [1] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an engagement state in which a shaft is coupled to a gear that is rotatable relative to the shaft and the gear is fixed to the shaft, and an open state in which the engagement is cut off. And a detent mechanism that releasably holds a fork that engages with a sleeve of the synchronous meshing mechanism at the meshing position in the engaged state or the neutral position in the open state. An actuator that operates the fork, a stroke sensor that detects a stroke amount of the fork, a control unit that controls the actuator based on an input from the stroke sensor, and a storage unit that stores a reference position of the stroke sensor The detent mechanism includes a plurality of recesses and a ball plunger that is engageable with the recesses. When the ball plunger and the recess are engaged, the meshing position or neutral position is maintained, and the control unit executes a reference position learning process, and the reference position learning process determines the state of the synchronous meshing mechanism. An operation force reducing step of reducing the operation force of the actuator to a predetermined value that does not affect the operation of the fork after the ball plunger is moved to the adjacent recess by the actuator when switching; , A calculation step for obtaining an acceleration of a displacement amount from the output value of the stroke sensor, a change point step for obtaining a change point at which the displacement acceleration is switched from a decrease state to an increase state from the obtained displacement acceleration, and the change point step. Whether or not the operating force of the actuator is the predetermined value at a time point that is a predetermined time after the change point. A change point operating force confirmation step to be recognized, an overshoot step for confirming whether or not an overshoot has occurred with respect to a reference position stored in the storage unit, an overshoot is confirmed in the overshoot step, and the change point And an update step of storing the change point as a new reference position of the stroke sensor when the operation force of the actuator is the predetermined value at the change point in the operation force confirmation step.

  According to the present invention, the position of the concave portion can be accurately obtained by using the concave portion of the detent mechanism to overshoot the ball plunger once so as to pass the reference position and obtaining the change point. Therefore, even if the output value drifts due to the temperature or the like of the stroke sensor, the position of the recess of the detent mechanism can be obtained from the change point, and the output value of the stroke sensor can be corrected. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately correct the output value of the stroke sensor using existing components without providing new components such as a temperature sensor as in the prior art.

  [2] In the present invention, it is preferable that the control unit stores the change point in the storage unit as a new reference position only when the operating force of the actuator is a predetermined value or less. When the operating force of the actuator is not less than or equal to a predetermined value, there may be a case where the obtained change point does not coincide with the lowest point of the recess of the detent mechanism due to the effect of the operating force of the actuator. Therefore, in such a case, it is possible to prevent an erroneous reference position from being stored by not updating the reference position.

  [3] In the present invention, when it is confirmed that the overshoot process has not caused an overshoot in the overshoot process, the control unit performs the operation of the actuator until the actuator operation force is reduced to a predetermined value in the operating force reduction process. It is preferable to increase the operating force.

  If the overshoot does not occur, there is a high possibility that the ball plunger has not reached the lowest point of the recess. Therefore, if the operating force of the actuator is increased as described above, overshooting can be performed from the next time onward.

  [4] In the present invention, when the operating force of the actuator exceeds the predetermined value at the changing point obtained in the changing point step, the operating force of the actuator is reduced to the predetermined value in the operating force reducing step. It is preferable to advance the completion time of the work to be reduced.

  When the operating force of the actuator exceeds the predetermined value at the change point, there is a possibility that the change point passes over the lowest point of the recess. In this case, if configured as described above, the lowering of the operating force of the actuator is completed earlier in the operating force lowering step executed from the next time onward, so that the changing point can be made coincident with the lowest point of the recess. .

  [5] In the present invention, the output value of the stroke sensor is a voltage, the acceleration of the displacement amount of the voltage is obtained from the output voltage of the stroke sensor in the calculation process, and overshoot is confirmed in the overshoot process in the update process. When the actuator operating force at the changing point is a predetermined value in the changing point operating force confirmation step, the output voltage of the stroke sensor at the changing point is stored as the voltage at the new reference position of the stroke sensor. Can do.

  [6] Further, the present invention is a detent mechanism provided on a fork that engages with a sleeve of a synchronous meshing mechanism, and the detent mechanism includes a plurality of recesses and a ball plunger. In the learning method for learning the position of one recess as a reference position, when the state of the synchronous meshing mechanism is switched, the actuator is moved to the adjacent recess by the actuator, and then the operating force of the actuator is forked. An actuating force lowering step for reducing the actuating force to a predetermined value that does not affect the actuating operation, an overshooting step for confirming whether or not an overshoot has occurred with respect to the reference position stored in the storage unit, and the stroke of the fork The calculation process to obtain the acceleration of the displacement amount from the output value of the stroke sensor that detects the amount, and the obtained displacement addition A change point step for obtaining a change point at which the displacement acceleration changes from a decrease state to an increase state, and whether the operating force of the actuator is the predetermined value at a time point that is a predetermined time after the change point obtained in the change point step. A change point operating force confirmation step for confirming whether or not an overshoot is confirmed in the overshoot step, and the actuator operating force at the change point is the predetermined value in the change point operation force confirmation step. Comprises an update step of storing a change point as a new reference position of the stroke sensor.

The schematic diagram which shows embodiment of the gear shift apparatus of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the detent mechanism of this embodiment. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the detent mechanism of this embodiment. (B) is a graph which shows the output value of the stroke sensor of this embodiment. (C) is a graph which shows the displacement speed of the output value of a stroke sensor. (D) is a graph showing the displacement acceleration of the output value of the stroke sensor. (E) is a graph showing the operating force of the actuator. The flowchart which shows the process of the control part of this embodiment.

  A gear shift device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The gear shift device 1 of this embodiment switches the state of the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 provided in the transmission of an automobile.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 is provided on a shaft 3 such as an input shaft or an output shaft of a transmission, and includes a sleeve 2a that is slidable in the axial direction. A first speed gear 4 and a third speed gear 5 are rotatably supported on the shaft 3 so as to sandwich the synchronous meshing mechanism 2. The synchronous meshing mechanism 2 moves the sleeve 2a to the first gear 4 side, synchronizes the rotation, and further moves it, so that the sleeve 2a is splined with the dog teeth 4a provided on the first gear 4. As a result, the first speed gear 4 is fixed so as to rotate integrally with the shaft 3 via the synchronous meshing mechanism 2.

  At this time, if the shaft 3 is an input shaft of a transmission, for example, a driven gear meshing with the first speed gear 4 is fixed to the output shaft, and the first speed gear 4 is interposed between the input shaft and the output shaft. The driving force can be transmitted. A state in which the first speed gear 4 is fixed to the shaft 3 is defined as a first speed meshing state of the synchronous meshing mechanism 2.

  Further, the synchronous mesh mechanism 2 moves the sleeve 2a to the third speed gear 5 side, synchronizes the rotation, and further moves it, so that the sleeve 2a is splined with the dog teeth 5a provided on the third speed gear 5. To do. Thus, the third speed gear 5 is fixed so as to rotate integrally with the shaft 3 via the synchronous meshing mechanism 2.

  At this time, if the shaft 3 is an input shaft of a transmission, for example, a driven gear meshing with the third speed gear 5 is fixed to the output shaft, and the third speed gear 5 is interposed between the input shaft and the output shaft. The driving force can be transmitted. A state in which the third speed gear 5 is fixed to the shaft 3 is defined as a third speed meshing state of the synchronous meshing mechanism 2. Further, a state where the sleeve 2a of the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 is not engaged with the first speed gear 4 or the third speed gear 5 is defined as a neutral state.

  The front end 6a of the fork 6 is engaged with the sleeve 2a. The fork 6 is moved in the axial direction by an actuator 8 via a shaft 7 provided at the base end thereof. The actuator 8 is controlled by a control unit 9 such as an ECU.

  The gear shift device 1 includes a stroke sensor 10 that detects the position of the shaft 7. The controller 9 controls the actuator 8 based on the output value (voltage value or current value) from the stroke sensor 10. Moreover, the control part 9 can obtain | require a displacement speed by differentiating the displacement amount of the output value (refer FIG.3 (b)) from the stroke sensor 10 (FIG.3 (c)). Moreover, the control part 9 can obtain | require a displacement acceleration by further differentiating the calculated | required displacement speed (FIG.3 (d)). The control unit 9 includes a storage unit that stores a reference position, and controls the actuator 8 based on the reference position.

  A detent mechanism 11 is provided on the shaft 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the detent mechanism 11 includes three recesses 12 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 7 and one ball plunger 13 that contacts the recess 12. The ball plunger 13 is configured to be able to ride over a mountain portion 12 a formed between the recesses 12.

  Each recess 12 is provided to correspond to three states, that is, the first-speed meshing state, the neutral state, and the third-speed meshing state of the synchronous meshing mechanism 2, and the ball plunger 13 is releasably engaged with each recess 12. By doing so, the detent mechanism 11 has a function of releasably holding each state of the synchronous meshing mechanism 2.

  Next, with reference to FIG.3 and FIG.4, the operation | movement of the gear shift apparatus 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated. Here, the case where the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 is in the first-speed meshing state and the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 is shifted from the first-speed meshing state to the neutral state will be described as an example. 3, the horizontal axis is the time axis, the vertical axis in FIG. 3B is the output value (for example, voltage [v]) of the stroke sensor 10, and the vertical axis in FIG. The displacement speed of the output value, the vertical axis of FIG. 3 (d) is the displacement acceleration of the output value of the stroke sensor 10, and the vertical axis of FIG. 3 (e) is the operating force (for example, hydraulic pressure) of the actuator 8.

  The control unit 9 includes a reference position learning process. In the reference position learning process, each process is executed as shown in FIG. More specifically, in the reference position learning process, when the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 is first shifted from the first-speed meshing state to the neutral state, the fork 6 is first moved to the neutral side by the actuator 8 and the ball plunger 13 is moved. Is detached from the recess 12b corresponding to the first-speed meshing state.

  When the ball plunger 13 enters the concave portion 12c corresponding to the adjacent neutral state (t1 in FIG. 3 (e)), the operating force of the actuator 8 is set to be greater than a predetermined value (“0” in this embodiment). Decrease to a slightly larger intermediate value. Then, the control unit 9 gradually decreases the operating force from the intermediate value so that the operating force of the actuator 8 becomes a predetermined value (“0” in the present embodiment) at a predetermined t2. The process so far corresponds to step 1 in FIG. This step 1 corresponds to the operating force reduction step of the present invention.

  Next, it progresses to step 2, and it is confirmed whether the displacement acceleration calculated by the control part 9 has the change point (peak) which switches from a fall state to a raise state in FIG.3 (d). This step 2 corresponds to the calculation step and the change point step of the present invention.

  When the change point is confirmed, the process proceeds to step 3 to check whether or not the operating force of the actuator 8 is equal to or less than a predetermined value at a time point that is a predetermined time after the change point. The predetermined time may be “0”, but a more accurate change point can be obtained by setting a “positive” time exceeding “0”.

  That is, when it is confirmed whether or not the operating force of the actuator 8 is less than or equal to a predetermined value at the change point, the operating force becomes less than or equal to the predetermined value at a position where the ball plunger 13 exceeds the lowest point of the recess 12c. There is a possibility that a change point occurs immediately and an error occurs between the change point and the lowest point of the actual recess 12c. As described above, if the confirmation is made at a time point that is “predetermined” time that is “positive” time from the change point, such an error can be prevented, and a more accurate change point can be obtained.

  When the operating force of the actuator 8 exceeds a predetermined value at the change point, there is a possibility that the change point does not coincide with the lowest point of the recess 12. For this reason, the process proceeds to step 7, and control is performed so as to advance the completion time (t2 in FIG. 3 (e)) of the process for lowering the next actuation force of the actuator 8 to a predetermined value. Thereby, next time, it is possible to obtain a change point in a state where the operating force of the actuator 8 is not working. This step 3 corresponds to the changing point operating force confirmation step of the present invention.

  If it is determined in step 3 that the operating force of the actuator 8 is equal to or less than a predetermined value at the change point, the process proceeds to step 4 to check whether overshoot has been confirmed. If no overshoot is confirmed, the ball plunger 13 may not reach the lowest point of the recess 12c. Accordingly, the process proceeds to step 8 and the intermediate value of the actuator 8 is increased. Thereby, next time, the ball plunger 13 can reach the lowest point of the recess 12c. This step 4 corresponds to the overshoot process of the present invention.

  If an overshoot is confirmed in step 4, the process proceeds to step 5 and the change point is stored as a new reference position. This step 5 corresponds to the update process of the present invention.

  Then, the process proceeds to step 6, and the stroke amount of the fork 6 is obtained from the following equation (1).

  Stroke amount = sensitivity coefficient [mm / V] × (output voltage [V] −reference position voltage [V]) (1).

  The controller 9 controls the synchronous meshing mechanism 2 via the actuator 8 based on the determined stroke amount.

  According to the gear shift device 1 of the present embodiment, the recess 12 of the detent mechanism 11 is used to overshoot the ball plunger 13 once past the reference position, and the change point is obtained, whereby the position of the recess 12 is determined. It can be determined accurately. Therefore, even if the stroke sensor 10 drifts in the output value due to the influence of temperature or the like, the position of the recess 12 of the detent mechanism 11 can be accurately obtained from the change point.

  Then, by comparing the output value of the reference position currently stored with the output value of the stroke sensor 10 corresponding to the newly obtained change point, if the two are different, the new value is obtained. The output value of the stroke sensor 10 corresponding to the changed point can be used as the output value of the new reference position. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately correct the output value of the stroke sensor 10 using existing components without providing new components such as a temperature sensor as in the prior art.

  Further, when the operating force of the actuator 8 is not less than the predetermined value, the obtained change point does not coincide with the lowest point of the recess 12 of the detent mechanism 11 due to the effect of the operating force of the actuator 8. Can be considered. Therefore, in such a case, it is possible to prevent an erroneous reference position from being stored by not updating the reference position.

  Further, when the overshoot does not occur, there is a high possibility that the ball plunger 13 has not reached the lowest point of the recess 12. Therefore, if the operating force of the actuator 8 is increased as described above, overshoot can be performed from the next time.

  Further, when the operating force of the actuator 8 exceeds the predetermined value at the change point, the change point may pass the lowest point of the recess 12. In this case, when the operating force of the actuator 8 exceeds the predetermined value at the changing point obtained in the changing point step, the operation of reducing the operating force of the actuator 8 to the predetermined value in the operating force reducing step. If the completion time (t2 in FIG. 3 (e)) is advanced, the lowering of the operating force of the actuator 8 is completed earlier in the operating force lowering step executed from the next time onward. Can be matched with the lower point.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gear shift device, 2 ... Synchronous meshing mechanism, 2a ... Sleeve, 3 ... Shaft, 4 ... First gear, 5 ... Third gear, 6 ... Fork, 6a ... Fork tip, 7 ... Shaft, 8 ... Actuator, 9 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS Control part, 10 ... Stroke sensor, 11 ... Detent mechanism, 12 ... Recessed part, 12a ... Mountain part, 12b ... Recessed part corresponding to the first-speed meshing state, 12c ... Recessed part corresponding to the neutral state, 13 ... Ball plunger.

Claims (6)

Used to operate a synchronous meshing mechanism that is provided on a shaft and can be switched between an engagement state in which the gear is fixed to the shaft by coupling with a gear that can rotate relative to the shaft and an open state in which the engagement is released. And
A detent mechanism that releasably holds a fork that engages with a sleeve of the synchronous meshing mechanism at the meshing position in the engaged state or the neutral position in the open state;
An actuator for operating the fork;
A stroke sensor for detecting a stroke amount of the fork;
A control unit for controlling the actuator based on an input from the stroke sensor;
In a gear shift device comprising a storage unit that stores a reference position of the stroke sensor,
The detent mechanism includes a plurality of recesses and a ball plunger that can be engaged with the recesses, and the meshing position or the neutral position is maintained by the engagement of the ball plunger and the recess.
The control unit executes a reference position learning process,
The reference position learning process is:
When the state of the synchronous meshing mechanism is switched, after the ball plunger is moved to the adjacent recess by the actuator, the operating force of the actuator is set to a predetermined value that does not affect the operation of the fork. An operating force reduction process to reduce;
A calculation step of obtaining an acceleration of a displacement amount from an output value of the stroke sensor;
A change point step for obtaining a change point at which the displacement acceleration is switched from a decrease state to an increase state from the obtained displacement acceleration,
A change point operating force confirmation step of confirming whether or not the operating force of the actuator was the predetermined value at a time point that is a predetermined time after the change point obtained in the change point step;
An overshoot process for confirming whether or not an overshoot has occurred with respect to the reference position stored in the storage unit;
If overshoot is confirmed in the overshoot process, and the operating force of the actuator is the predetermined value at the change point in the change point operating force check process, the change point is set as a new reference position of the stroke sensor. An update process stored as a gear shift device. The gear shift device according to claim 1, wherein
The controller is
Only when the operating force of the actuator is not more than a predetermined value, the change point is stored in the storage unit as a new reference position. The gear shift device according to claim 1 or 2,
The controller is
When confirming that the overshoot process did not overshoot,
The gear shift device characterized in that, in the operating force reduction step, the operating force of the actuator is increased until the operating force of the actuator is reduced to the predetermined value. The gear shift device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
In the change point obtained in the change point step, when the operating force of the actuator exceeds the predetermined value,
The gear shift device characterized in that, in the operating force reduction step, the completion time of the operation of reducing the operating force of the actuator to the predetermined value is advanced. The gear shift device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The output value of the stroke sensor is a voltage,
In the calculation step, the acceleration of the displacement amount of the voltage is obtained from the output voltage of the stroke sensor,
In the update step, when the overshoot is confirmed in the overshoot step, and the operating force of the actuator is the predetermined value at the changing point in the changing point operating force checking step, the stroke sensor at the changing point is detected. Is stored as the voltage at the new reference position of the stroke sensor. A detent mechanism provided on a fork that engages with a sleeve of a synchronous meshing mechanism, the detent mechanism comprising a plurality of recesses and a ball plunger, wherein the position of any one of the plurality of recesses is a reference position. In the learning method to learn as
When switching the state of the synchronous meshing mechanism, the actuator moves the ball plunger to the adjacent recess, and then reduces the operating force of the actuator to a predetermined value that does not affect the operation of the fork. Power reduction process;
A calculation step of obtaining an acceleration of a displacement amount from an output value of a stroke sensor for detecting a stroke amount of the fork;
A change point step for obtaining a change point at which the displacement acceleration is switched from a decrease state to an increase state from the obtained displacement acceleration,
A change point operating force confirmation step of confirming whether or not the operating force of the actuator was the predetermined value at a time point that is a predetermined time after the change point obtained in the change point step;
An overshoot process for confirming whether or not an overshoot has occurred with respect to the reference position stored in the storage unit;
If overshoot is confirmed in the overshoot process, and the operating force of the actuator is the predetermined value at the change point in the change point operating force check process, the change point is set as a new reference position of the stroke sensor. A reference position learning method for a detent mechanism, comprising:

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