JP2013063042A - Plant cultivation tool, and method for cultivating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant cultivation tool which allows objective plants to be grown by a minimum amount of watering and water supply in a vertical plane or a relatively steep acclivity, using a water retaining plant growing body, and to provide a method for cultivating plants.SOLUTION: This plant cultivation tool is such that horizontal plate-like division parts F3 are protrusively provided forward from a back plate part F2, in five vertical direction positions at fixed intervals in the vertical direction of the back plate part F2 of a front shelf part F, an upward projecting part F4 is installed on the front end part of each of the plate-like division parts F3, and each of receiving parts F5 having the upward projecting part F4 on the front end part is installed on the bottom plate part of a front shelf external frame part F1. The plate-like division parts F3 and the receiving parts F5 each support upward the lower part of a water retaining plant growing body (A), and each upward projecting part F4 prevents forward removal of the water retaining plant growing body (A).

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation tool and a plant cultivation method capable of growing a target plant on a vertical surface or a relatively steep surface using a water-retaining plant growth body.

  In order to green the rooftop of a building, a water-retaining plant growth mat such as a mat body formed by gathering fibers has been conventionally used. Greening with this type of water-retaining plant growth mat is performed by laying a water-retaining plant growth mat on the rooftop of a building, etc., and cultivating plants on the water-retaining plant growth mat while supplying water, fertilizing, etc. . Such a greening method performed by laying a water-retaining plant growth mat on the target surface is suitable for greening by planting the plant in a plane along a horizontal plane or a plane with a gentle slope.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-98913, even if it is not on the soil, such as the rooftop of a building, the seeds will sprout just by laying on it and watering it. A garden mat that can grow plants very easily is disclosed. The horticultural mat consists of a non-woven fabric of vegetable fibers, etc., and consists of a water-retaining seedling mat with seeds that can germinate and a water retention mat that receives the seedling mat and supplies water by capillary action. is there.

  However, such a greening method is not necessarily suitable for greening a three-dimensional structure, a vertical surface, or a relatively steeply inclined surface.

  When a general water-retaining plant growth mat formed of fibers is arranged along a vertical surface such as a wall surface or a relatively steep surface in a three-dimensional structure or others, or a water-retaining plant When the height of the growth mat is increased or the water-retaining plant growth mat is stacked in the height direction, the supplied water-based liquid is a water-retaining plant growth mat with a relatively large inclination angle or a water-retaining plant growth with a high height. There is a tendency to gather in the lower part of the mat or the lower water-retaining plant growth mat in the water-retaining plant growth mat stacked in the height direction, and the amount of water retained in the upper part may be insufficient.

  As one means for solving this problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-1000071 discloses that a plurality of water-retaining plant growth layers are stacked vertically with a vertical separation layer interposed between the water-retention plant growth layers. The upper water-retaining plant growth layer above the upper and lower separation layers allows water-based liquid that cannot be retained to leak downward from the lower surface, and the upper and lower separation layers are the lower surfaces of the upper water-retaining plant growth layer. The aqueous liquid that has leaked downward from below is passed downward, and the aqueous liquid that has passed through the upper and lower separation layers is a plant cultivated body that can reach the water-retaining plant growth layer below the upper and lower separation layers. It is disclosed.

  In this plant cultivated body, the upper water-retaining plant growth layer and the lower water-retaining plant growth layer are separated by the upper and lower separation layers, and the upper water-retaining plant growth layer is an aqueous liquid that cannot fully retain water. The upper and lower separation layers pass downward the aqueous liquid leaked downward from the lower surface of the upper water-retaining plant growth layer, and the aqueous liquid that has passed downward through the upper and lower separation layers is The water-retaining plant growth layer below the upper and lower separation layers can be reached.

  Therefore, an aqueous liquid is present on the lower side of the continuous water-retaining plant growth layer, as in the case where the upper water-retaining plant growth layer and the lower water-retaining plant growth layer are continuous vertically. It is prevented from being held unevenly, and the upper and lower water-retaining plant growth layers can sufficiently exhibit their water retention capabilities.

  However, since this plant cultivated body has a structure in which a plurality of water-retaining plant growth layers are stacked in the vertical direction with the upper and lower separation layers sandwiched between the water-retaining plant growth layers, production (or construction) is not necessarily performed. It cannot be easily performed, and the place where it can be used is relatively limited.

JP-A-10-98913 JP 2009-1000071 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and uses a water-retaining plant growth body to irrigate or supply a minimum amount of water on a vertical surface or a relatively steeply inclined surface. Therefore, it is providing the plant cultivation tool and plant cultivation method which can grow an object plant.

  (1) The plant cultivation tool of the present invention for achieving the above object is

A plant cultivation tool comprising a water-retaining plant growth body for growing a target plant on a plant growth surface, which is a predetermined surface, and a support for supporting the water-retention plant growth body,
The support body supports the plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies so that they are substantially separated from each other and arranged in the vertical direction, and each plant growth surface is in a predetermined posture that is vertical or inclined. And
The plant growth surface of the water-retaining plant growth body supported by the support is aligned in the vertical direction.

Moreover, the plant cultivation method of the present invention comprises:
A plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies that grow a target plant on a plant growth surface, which is a predetermined surface, are substantially separated from each other and arranged vertically, and each plant growth surface has a vertical or inclined shape. By supporting the plant so that it is in a posture, the plant growth surface of those water-retaining plant growth bodies is in a state in which the plant growth surface is aligned vertically, and the target plant is grown on those plant growth surfaces aligned in the vertical direction, To do.

  According to this plant cultivation tool or plant cultivation method, a plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies are substantially separated from each other and arranged in the vertical direction, and each plant growth surface has a predetermined posture in which it is vertical or inclined. By supporting in such a manner, the plant growth surfaces of the water-retaining plant growth bodies can be in a state in which they are arranged in the vertical direction.

  Therefore, the growth area of the target plant can be expanded in the vertical direction, and the cultivation of the plant on the plant growth surface of the vertical or inclined plant can be performed while fully exhibiting the water retention ability of each water retention plant growth body. It can be carried out.

  (1-1) Further, the upper water-retaining plant growth body and the lower water-retaining plant growth body may be partitioned by a partition portion.

  In this case, since the upper water-retaining plant growth body and the lower water-retaining plant growth body are partitioned by the partitioning section, the upper and lower water-retaining plant growth bodies are reliably separated and each water-retaining plant growth body The water retention ability of each can be fully demonstrated.

  Moreover, the said division part shall support the lower part of an upper water retention plant growth body upwards.

  In this case, since the partition part supports the lower part of the upper water-retaining plant growth body upward, both the support of the water-retaining plant growth object and the separation of the upper and lower water-retaining plant growth objects are performed.

  Moreover, the said partition part shall be able to pass an aqueous liquid to an up-down direction.

  In this case, the partition part allows the aqueous liquid to pass in the vertical direction, so that excess water in the water-retaining plant growth body on the upper side of the partition part can be separated while reliably separating the upper and lower water-retaining plant growth bodies. (Water that cannot be fully retained) can be supplied to the lower water-retaining plant growth body through the compartment.

  (1-1-1) The plant cultivation tool of the present invention may be provided with a path from which the aqueous liquid passes from the upper side of the partition part to the lower side of the partition part through the lateral direction outward of the partition part.

  In this case, the excess water content in the water-retaining plant growth body on the upper side of the partition part is transferred to the lower water-retaining plant growth body through a path from the upper side of the partition part to the lower side of the partition part through the lateral outer side of the partition part. Can be supplied to.

  As such a route, for example, it flows out to a pipe or an outer outflow portion laterally outward of the partition portion, and from the outer outflow portion of the partition portion laterally outward of the outer outflow portion. It can be a path that flows downward.

  In addition, the partition part may be configured such that, for example, an aqueous liquid cannot pass in the vertical direction, and in this case, the vertical water-retaining plant growth body can be reliably secured by the partition part from which the aqueous liquid cannot pass in the vertical direction. Can be separated.

Moreover, it has an outward outflow part in the lateral direction outside of the water-retaining plant growth body (preferably, rearward of the water-retaining plant growth body as seen from the plant growth surface [for example, vertical plant growth surface]),
Having a second partition at the lower part of the outer outflow part;
A water retaining body may be provided in the outer outflow part above the second partition part.

  The water-retaining body and the water-retaining plant growing body may be in contact with each other in the lateral direction, or both may be made of an equivalent material.

  In this case, excessive water in the water-retaining plant growth body on the upper side of the partition part flows out to the outer outflow part laterally outward, and is above the second partition part at the lower part of the outer outflow part, that is, outside. Absorbed by the water-retaining body located in the side outflow part, further excess water flows out from the upper side of the second partition part in the lateral direction and is supplied to the water-retaining plant growth body below the partition part.

  The water retaining body on the upper side of the second section is the second water-retaining plant growing body having a plant growth surface for growing the target plant, and is supported so that the plant growth surface forms a vertical or inclined shape. As a thing, a plant can be grown on the plant growth surface.

  In addition, the second partition portion can be configured such that, for example, an aqueous liquid cannot pass in the vertical direction.

  (1-2) The plant cultivation tool or the plant cultivation method may be such that the front and rear direction positions of the plant growth surfaces adjacent to each other are the same.

  When the front-rear direction positions of the plant growth surfaces adjacent to each other coincide, the target plant can be grown on the upper and lower plant growth surfaces along a certain vertical plane.

  (2) The plant cultivation tool or the plant cultivation method of the present invention may be such that the depth of the water-retaining plant growth body is not higher than the height.

  In this case, since the depth of the water-retaining plant growth body is less than the height, plant cultivation can be performed by effectively using the space.

  (3) The water-retaining plant growth body in the plant cultivation tool of the present invention can be a non-woven assembly of fibers.

  (4) In the plant cultivation tool of the present invention, the back surface of the water-retaining plant growth body as viewed from the plant growth surface can be supported by a back material having ventilation holes in whole or in part.

  In this case, since the back surface of the water-retaining plant growth body is supported by a back material having an air hole as viewed from the plant growth surface, the air permeability of the root of the plant to be grown is ensured, which is suitable for preventing the growth and root rot of the plant. It is.

  (5) In the plant cultivation tool or plant cultivation method of the present invention, the inclination angle of the plant growth surface in the water-retaining plant growth body in a predetermined posture may be 30 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction. .

  When the plant growth surface is such an inclined surface or a vertical surface, plants can grow in a wide range in the height direction when the plant growth surfaces of the water-retaining plant growth bodies are arranged in the vertical direction.

  (6) The plant cultivation tool or plant cultivation method of the present invention may be such that a portion from the lower end of the water-retaining plant growth body in a predetermined posture to 10 to 100% of the height can retain the aqueous liquid.

  In this case, the water-retaining plant growth bodies in a predetermined posture in which the portion from the lower end to 10 to 100% of the height can retain the aqueous liquid are substantially separated from each other and lined up and down, so that the plants lined up and down Plants can be cultivated while keeping the water-based liquid in a small amount on the entire growth surface.

  According to the plant cultivation tool or plant cultivation method of the present invention, a plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies are substantially separated from each other and arranged in the vertical direction, and each plant growth surface has a vertical or inclined shape. By supporting the plant so that it is in a posture, the plant growth surfaces of the water-retaining plant growth bodies are arranged in the vertical direction, and each vertical or inclined plant growth surface of the water-retention plant growth bodies arranged in the vertical direction. Can be arranged in the vertical direction. Therefore, the growth area of the target plant can be expanded in the vertical direction, and with a minimum amount of irrigation or water supply, the water retention ability of each water-retentive plant growth body can be fully exhibited, respectively, while being vertically or inclined. Plants can be cultivated in terms of plant growth.

It is a perspective view of a support body. It is a front view of a support body. It is a side view of a support body. It is an expanded vertical sectional view of a support body. It is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a plant cultivation tool. It is a front view of the plant cultivation tool connected up and down. It is an expansion longitudinal cross-sectional view of another plant cultivation tool.

  Embodiments of the plant cultivation tool and plant cultivation method of the present invention will be described.

  (1) FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 6 is related with an example of embodiment of the plant cultivation tool and plant cultivation method of this invention.

  (1-1) The plant cultivation tool of this example mainly comprises a water-retaining plant growth body A, a water retention body B, and a support C. The support body C is formed by joining the front part of the rear shelf part R to the rear part of the front shelf part F.

  (1-1-1) The front shelf F includes a front-side front shelf outer frame portion F1 having a certain width in the front-rear direction and a back plate portion provided at the rear end portion of the front shelf outer frame portion F1. F2 and a horizontal plate-shaped partitioning portion F3 projecting forward from the back plate portion F2 at five vertical positions at regular intervals in the vertical direction of the back plate portion F2. The front end of the partition part F3 is located slightly behind the front end position of the front shelf outer frame part F1 (not limited to this).

  Each partition portion F3 has a flat plate shape having a constant forward projecting length (not necessarily constant) from the front end portion of the front shelf outer frame portion F1 to the rear slightly over the entire width of the front shelf portion F, An upper protrusion F4 is provided at the front end of the partition F3 over the entire width.

  Moreover, the part corresponding to the front protrusion length of each partition part F3 among the baseplate parts of the front shelf outer frame part F1 is formed in the receiving part F5 which is thicker than the others, and the front end part of the receiving part F5 Similar to the partition part F3, the upper protrusion part F4 is provided over the entire width.

  The partition part F3 and the receiving part F5 each support the lower part of the water-retaining plant growth body A upward, and each upper protrusion F4 prevents the water-retaining plant growth body A from moving forward. . The aqueous liquid cannot pass through the respective partition portions F3 and the receiving portions F5 in the vertical direction.

  Of the back plate portion F2, a portion between the partition portions F3 or the receiving portions F5 and the top portion of the partition portion F3 or the front shelf outer frame portion F1 adjacent to the upper side thereof is a lower communication port portion F6. And the upper communication opening F7 over the entire width (not limited to this, it may be separated at a plurality of locations in the width direction). The lower communication port portion F6 is formed slightly upward from the upper surface position of each partition portion F3 or the receiving portion F5. The upper communication opening F7 is formed in a slightly lower part of the top plate part of the partition part F3 or the front shelf outer frame part F1.

  At the position slightly rearward of the upper end of the front shelf outer frame portion F1, there is an upper projection plate portion F8 for connection over the entire width, and the left and right ends of the upper projection plate portion F8 for connection are respectively in the front-rear direction. Has through hole F9

  (1-1-2) The rear shelf R is provided at regular intervals in the vertical direction at the rear shelf outer frame portion R1 having a certain width in the front-rear direction and at the rear end of the rear shelf outer frame portion R1. The vertical plate-like rear plate portion R2 extending over the entire horizontal width, the vertical plate-shaped front plate portion R3 extending over the entire horizontal width located between the rear plate portions R2, the lower end portion of each rear plate portion R2, and the respective It consists of a horizontal rear lower plate portion R4 extending over the upper end portion of the front plate portion R3, and a horizontal rear upper plate portion R5 extending over the upper end portion of each rear plate portion R2 and the lower end portion of each front plate portion R3. The front plate portion R3 and the rear lower plate portion R4 and the rear upper plate portion R5 connected to the upper and lower sides thereof constitute a second partition portion. The rear plate portion R2 has a large number of through holes R6 that open rearward at intervals in the horizontal direction.

  The front-rear direction position of each front plate portion R3 is slightly behind the front end position of the rear shelf outer frame portion R1.

  On the front side at the lower end of the rear shelf outer frame portion R1, there is a connecting lower box-shaped projection R7 having a rear opening extending across the entire width, and the left and right ends of the connecting lower box-shaped projection R7 are respectively in the front-rear direction. It has a through hole R8.

  (1-1-3) The rear part of the front shelf part F3 is fitted to the rear part of the front shelf outer frame part F1 with the front part of the rear shelf outer frame part R1 from the front surface of each front plate part R3. The front part of the rear shelf part R is joined to. In this state, the vertical position of the upper surface of the rear lower plate portion R4 and the lower edge of the upper communication port portion F7 coincide, and the lower surface of the rear upper plate portion R5 is positioned above the upper edge of the lower communication port portion F6. The front surface of the front plate portion R3 is in contact (or bonded by bonding or other means) to the rear surface of the back plate portion F2.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the lower box-shaped protrusion R7 for connection of the support C located on the upper side is superposed on the rear side of the upper protrusion plate part F8 for connection of the support C located on the lower side. By using each through-hole F9 and fastening in the front-rear direction using fasteners such as bolts and nuts, the upper and lower supports C can be connected.

  As a material for the support C, metals, synthetic resins, ceramics, wood, and the like can be used as appropriate.

  (1-1-4) Each of the water-retaining plant growth body A and the water retention body B is formed by compression-molding irregularly assembled fibers.

  Each water-retaining plant growth body A has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and its height, depth, and width are almost as follows. The height is the height (from its height) from each partition part F3 or receiving part F5 in the front shelf part F of the support C to the top panel part of the partition part F3 or front shelf outer frame part F1 adjacent above it. The depth is the length between the upper projection F4 and the back plate F2 of each partition part F3 or the receiving part F5, and the lateral width is each partition part F3 and the receiving part F5. The width over the entire width (not necessarily limited to the entire width). The depth of each water-retaining plant growth body A is ½ or less of its height.

  Each water-retaining plant growth body A is received upward on each partition part F3 and receiving part F5 on its bottom surface, supported on each back plate part F2 on the rear surface, and each partition part F3 or receiving part on the lower end on the front surface. The front protrusion F4 of the stop F5 is supported by the front shelf F of the support C in a state in which front separation is prevented. In this example, the part which is not covered by the upper protrusion F4 in the front surface facing the front in each water-retaining plant growth body A supported in this way is the plant growth surface A1 ( A predetermined surface on which plants can grow).

  Each water-retaining plant growth body A supported in such a posture in the front shelf F of the support C is configured such that 90 to 100% of the height from the lower end can hold an aqueous liquid, The plant growth surface A1 of these water-retaining plant growth bodies A has an inclination angle of 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction, and 90 to 100% of the height from the lower end of the plant growth surface A1 is in the water-retention plant growth body A. It is comprised by the part which can hold | maintain an aqueous liquid.

  The plant growth surface A1 of each water-retaining plant growth body A supported on the upper and lower partition sections F3 and the receiving section F5 in the front shelf section F of the support C is in a state where the front-rear direction positions coincide with each other. It continues up and down across the upper projection F4 of the part F3. The vertical distance between the plant growth surfaces A1 (in this case, the height of the upper protrusion F4) is 1/5 or less of the vertical dimension of the plant growth surface A1.

  In a state where each water-retaining plant growth body A is supported on each partition part F3 and receiving part F5, the front part of the front shelf outer frame part F1 is a net-like part or a lattice-like part F10 that does not hinder the growth of the target plant. (For example, the lattice-shaped portion is a material having a large number of circular holes, elliptical holes, polygonal holes or the like, or having a long hole or a slit-shaped portion in parallel.) It is preferable to cover each of the water-retaining plant growth bodies A or each water-retaining plant growth body A and the plants that grow on these water-retaining plant growth bodies A by covering them with a material corresponding to A1.

  Each of the water retaining bodies B has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the height, depth, and lateral width are as follows. The height is a height from each rear lower plate portion R4 in the rear shelf portion R of the support C to the rear upper plate portion R5 adjacent to the upper portion thereof, and the depth is each rear lower plate portion R4 and the rear upper plate. This is the depth of the portion R5 (the distance between the front surface of the rear plate portion R2 and the front surface of the front plate portion R3), and the horizontal width is the horizontal width over the entire horizontal width of each of the rear lower plate portion R4 and the rear upper plate portion R5.

  Each water retaining body B is received upward on each rear lower plate portion R4 at the bottom surface, supported by each rear plate portion R2 on the rear surface, and supported by each back plate portion F2 of the front shelf portion F on the front surface. In this state, the support C is held by the rear lower plate portion R4, the rear upper plate portion R5, the rear plate portion R2, and the back plate portion F2 surrounded by the rear shelf portion R, that is, the outer outflow portion R9. .

  Each water retaining body B supported in such a posture in the rear shelf R of the support C is configured such that 90 to 100% of the height from the lower end can hold the aqueous liquid.

  (1-2) For the plant cultivation tool in which the water-retaining plant growth body A and the water retention body B are supported by the support C in this way, for example, formed on the rear lower plate part R4 at the uppermost part of the rear shelf part R Water is supplied to the uppermost water-retaining plant growing body A through the uppermost upper communication port F7 by supplying water from the lower side of the lower plate part R4 to the upper side through the introduced hole Ri. As a preferred example, a water supply pipe having a large number of pores for irrigation on the tube wall is disposed on the upper rear lower plate portion R4 of the uppermost portion of the rear shelf R. It is possible to distribute the water through the water supply pipe. In addition to the water supply from the top (or in some cases without water supply from the top), the water supply is any one or more water-retaining plant growth bodies A or water holding bodies B or outside It can also be performed on the entire outflow portion R9, for example, in the horizontal direction or only at a required location.

  Excess water supplied to the uppermost water-retaining plant growth body A through the lower communication port F6 behind the partition part F3 that supports the water-retaining plant growth body A is located outside the rear. It flows out to the outflow part R9 and is supplied to the water retaining body B held in the outer outflow part R9. Excess water supplied to the water retaining body B flows out to the front shelf F in front through the upper communication opening F7 in front of the rear lower plate part R4 supporting the water retaining body B, It is supplied to the water-retaining plant growth body A supported by the second compartment F3 from the top.

  In this way, water is supplied from the water-retaining plant growth body A to the water-retaining body B and from the water-retaining body B to the water-retaining plant growth body A in order from the upper side to the lower side.

  Each water-retaining plant growth body A can hold an aqueous liquid at a height of 90 to 100% from its lower end, and the inclination angle of the water-retaining plant growth body A with respect to the horizontal direction of the plant growth surface A1 is 90 degrees. Since 90 to 100% of the height from the lower end of the plant growth surface A1 is constituted by a portion that can hold an aqueous liquid in the water-retaining plant growth body A, the minimum amount is obtained on each plant growth surface A1. Target plants such as turf can be successfully grown by the amount of irrigation or water supply.

  In addition, the plant growth surface A1 of each water-retaining plant growth body A is continuous in the vertical direction with the upper projection F4 of each partition portion F3 in a state where the front-rear direction positions coincide with each other, and the plant growth surface A1 Since the interval is 1/5 or less of the vertical dimension of the plant growth surface A1, the target plant can be grown as seamlessly as possible in the vertical direction.

  Moreover, since the depth of the water-retaining plant growth body A is ½ or less of the height, plant cultivation can be performed by effectively utilizing a space having a relatively short depth.

  Furthermore, the roots of the target plants grown in each water-retaining plant growth body A extend into each water holding body B through the upper communication port F7 or the lower communication port F6, so that the water held in each water holding body B is retained. It can also be used for growth. In addition, water is retained from the water retaining body B to the water retaining plant growing body A by allowing the water retaining plant growing body A and the water retaining body B to abut in the horizontal direction on both or one of the upper side and the lower side of the partition part F3. It is also possible to facilitate replenishment. When the water-retaining plant growth body A and the water-retaining body B are partially in contact with each other in the horizontal direction, some of the water retained by the upper one can flow to the lower one, but the amount is relatively Small.

  For example, part or all of the portion between the lower communication port portion F6 and the upper communication port portion F7 above the back plate portion F2 may be absent. In this case, the water-retaining plant growth body A and the water-retaining body B can easily come into contact with each other in the horizontal direction on both or one of the upper side and the lower side of the partition part F3.

  (1-3) It should be noted that the water retaining body B is not used and the outer outflow portion R9 can be left hollow. In that case, it is preferable to use the back plate portion F2 or the back plate portion F2 and the front plate portion R3 having vent holes (for example, a plate-like portion or a net-like portion). This is to improve the air permeability of the root of the plant to be grown.

  (1-4) As another example, as shown in FIG. 7, the support D may be only a portion corresponding to the front shelf in the above example.

  The support body D includes a front rectangular outer frame portion D1 having a constant width in the front-rear direction, a back plate portion D2 provided at a rear end portion of the outer frame portion D1, and a vertical interval between the back plate portions D2. It has a horizontal plate-shaped partition part D3 projecting forward from the back plate part D2 at every other five vertical positions. The partition portion D3 can pass the aqueous liquid in the vertical direction, and the front end of the partition portion D3 is located slightly behind the front end position of the outer frame portion D1.

  Each partition part D3 has a flat plate shape having a constant forward projecting length from the front end part of the outer frame part D1 to the rear slightly over the entire lateral width of the support D, and the front part of each partition part D3 has a total lateral width. And has an upper protrusion D4.

  Moreover, the part corresponding to the front protrusion length of each division part D3 among the baseplate part of the outer frame part D1 is formed in the receiving part D5 thicker than others, and each division part is formed in the front end part of the receiving part D5. Similar to D3, it has an upper projection D4 over the entire width.

  Each partition D3 is assumed to be capable of passing an aqueous liquid in the vertical direction, so that excess water that cannot be retained in the water-retaining plant growth body A supported and supplied by the upper partition D3 is It is supplied to the lower water-retaining plant growth body A through the compartment D3.

  It is preferable to use what has a grid | lattice-like part or a net-like part for the whole or part of the part which supports the back surface of the water-retaining plant growth body A among backboard part D2. This is for improving the air permeability of the root in the water-retaining plant growth body A of the target plant that grows on the plant growth surface A1 side that is the front surface of the water-retaining plant growth body A.

  (2) As the water-retaining plant growth body in the present invention, those capable of holding an aqueous liquid by capillary action or the like from the lower end to a certain limit height can be used. In the water-retaining plant growth body according to the present invention, when the aqueous liquid is retained, the retained amount of the aqueous liquid on the lower side may be larger than that on the upper side.

  In the present invention, the water-based liquid is a liquid containing water as a main component, which can be used for growing target plants, such as tap water, rainwater, water containing liquid fertilizer, and the like.

  Examples of target plants for the water-retaining plant growth layer include, but are not limited to, turf, sedum, moss, ivy and the like.

  In the present invention, as the water-retaining plant growth body, for example, irregularly gathered fibers (types of fibers are not particularly limited. Various natural fibers such as coconut shell fibers, jute, kenaf, cotton, polyester-based, polyamide-based, Various synthetic fibers such as polyacrylic or other fibers can be used. Especially, irregularly assembled fibers are compression-molded, compression-molded, and contain and melt needle punch and binder fibers. Therefore, it is possible to use a fiber molded product with improved shape retention, a nonwoven fabric, or a stack of nonwoven fabrics. In addition, as a water-retaining plant growth body in the present invention, sponge-like or other porous organic materials made of synthetic or natural polymer materials, porous inorganic materials such as zeolite and pumice, and other various plant growth materials Can be used.

  The water-retaining plant growth body in the present invention is not in a state of discrete fibers or particles, but can have integrity or regularity, and in addition to a flat plate shape or a curved plate shape, a rectangular parallelepiped or other polyhedral shape. It can be.

  The water-retaining body can be formed in the same manner using the same material as the water-retaining plant growth body, and the water-retaining body and the water-retaining plant growth body may be similarly formed from the same material.

  (3) In the present invention, the water-retaining plant growth body is supported in a predetermined posture. A predetermined attitude | position is an attitude | position in which the plant growth surface which grows a target plant among water-retaining plant growth bodies makes a perpendicular | vertical shape or an inclined shape. The posture in which the plant growth surface is vertical or inclined may be, for example, that the inclination angle of the plant growth surface is 30 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction.

  The inclination angle of the plant growth surface of the water-retaining plant growth body is, for example, 30 degrees or more (or, for example, 40 degrees, 50 degrees, 60 degrees, 70 degrees, or 80 degrees or more) 90 degrees or less, preferably 70 to 90 degrees, More preferably, it is 80 to 90 degrees, and still more preferably 90 degrees. The inclination angle of the plant growth surface in the water-retaining plant growth body can be changed in, for example, a curved shape or other modes in addition to a certain angle.

  (3-1) The water-retaining plant growth body supported in a predetermined posture can hold, for example, a water-based liquid at a portion of 10 to 100% of the height from the lower end.

  That is, the water-retaining plant growth body supported in a predetermined posture may be capable of retaining an aqueous liquid up to, for example, 10% of the height from the lower end, and up to 50% of the height from the lower end, for example. It may be capable of retaining water, or may be capable of retaining aqueous liquid up to, for example, 100% of the height from the lower end. Alternatively, in the water-retaining plant growth body supported in a predetermined posture, the part that can retain the water-based liquid is, for example, a part from 20% to 100%, 30% to 100%, 40% to 100% of the height from the lower end. It can be. Preferably, in the water-retaining plant growth body supported in a predetermined posture, the portion capable of retaining the water-based liquid is 50% to 100%, 60% to 100%, 70% to 100%, 80% to 80% of the height from the lower end. 100%, or 90% to 100%, more preferably the entire water-retaining plant growth. In general, by lowering the height from the lower end to the upper end of the water-retaining plant growth body, the aqueous liquid from the lower end to the overall height (height from the lower end to the upper end) of the water-retaining plant growth body is reduced. The ratio of the height to the position where water can be retained can be increased.

  (3-2) The outer peripheral shape of the plant growth surface can be, for example, a rectangle (for example, the example in FIG. 6), a square, other polygons, a circle, an ellipse, or other closed curves.

  (3-3) One water-retaining plant growth body may have a plurality of surfaces (for example, opposite surfaces, adjacent surfaces, etc.) as plant growth surfaces.

  (3-4) In a state where the water-retaining plant growth body is supported in a predetermined posture, the plant growth surface of the water-retaining plant growth body can be a flat surface, and can also be a vertical direction (or an inclination direction). And can be curved in both or one of the horizontal directions. For example, it can be along an upright cylindrical outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface or a conical outer peripheral surface or spherical surface.

  (3-5) It is desirable that the depth of the water-retaining plant growing body supported in a predetermined posture is not more than the height. In this case, plant cultivation can be performed on the plant growth surface of the water-retaining plant growth body by effectively using the space. The depth of the water-retaining plant growth body is preferably 3/4 or 2/3 or less of the height, more preferably 1/2 or 1/3 or less.

  (3-6) In the case where the rear surface of the water-retaining plant growth body is supported by a back plate portion having a ventilation hole group when viewed from the plant growth surface, at least water retention What has a vent (for example, what has a grid | lattice part or a net-like part) can be used for all or one part of the part which supports the rear surface of a sex plant growth body.

  (3-7) A net or lattice that supports the lower part of the water-retaining plant growth body upward, and the whole or a part of each of the opposite surfaces of the water-retaining plant growth object does not hinder the growth of the target plant. By covering with a part, both the opposing surfaces or one of them can be used as a plant growth surface. By covering the whole or part of each of the two or more non-opposing surfaces of the water-retaining plant growth body with a net-like or lattice-like part that does not hinder the growth of the target plant, all or part of those faces are planted. It can be a growth surface.

  One example is shown in FIG. 7 as described above.

  (3-8) As an example of a support for supporting a water-retaining plant growth body in a predetermined posture, the water-retaining plant growth body is directed upward on a base (columnar body, wall-like body, arch, shell, etc.) extending vertically. Those provided with supporting parts (partition parts and receiving parts in the above example) and those that directly support the water-retaining plant growth (for example, adhesion of the water-retaining plant growth to the substrate, sewing, binding, And the like fixed with nails, screws, bolts, etc.).

  (4) In the present invention, a plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies are supported by the support in a state in which they are substantially separated from each other and lined up and down, and each plant growth of the water-retaining plant growth bodies lined up and down in the vertical direction The surfaces can be arranged in the vertical direction. Substantial separation means that the upper water-retaining plant growth body and the lower water-retaining plant growth body are completely separated vertically, for example, both water-retaining plant growth bodies are horizontally aligned. Although some of the water contained in the upper water-retaining plant growth body is in contact with the lower water-retaining plant growth body, some water flows to the lower water-retaining plant growth body. If the amount is relatively small, both water-retaining plant growths are in partial contact with each other in the vertical direction, and the water content of the upper water-retaining plant growths is partly present in the lower water-retaining plant growths. Although some water flows to the water-retaining plant growth body on the lower side by the contact, the amount may be relatively small.

  (4-1) The front-rear direction positions of the plant growth surfaces adjacent to each other can be the same. In this case, if the inclination angle of each plant growth surface with respect to the horizontal direction is 90 degrees, each plant growth surface is along a certain vertical plane.

  In addition, the lower plant growth surface may be positioned forward of the upper plant growth surface. In that case, assuming that the upper end of the upper water-holding plant growth body is located above the lower end of the upper water-holding plant growth body, the vertical distance between the upper plant growth surface and the lower plant growth surface is 0 or plant. It can be set to 1/10 or less of the height of the growth surface.

  (4-2) The vertical distance between the plant growth surfaces is, for example, twice or 3/2 or less, or 1 time or 2/3 or less, preferably 1/2 or 1/3 of the vertical dimension of the plant growth surface. Below, it is more preferably 1/4 or 1/5 or less, still more preferably 1/10 or less or 0.

  (4-3) Between the upper water-retaining plant growth body and the lower water-retaining plant growth body, there is a partition portion where the aqueous liquid cannot pass in the vertical direction or a partition portion where the aqueous liquid can pass in the vertical direction. It can be partitioned.

  (4-3-1) Such a compartment may support the lower part of the upper water-retaining plant growth body upward, in which case the water-retaining plant growth body is located at the front of the compartment. It is possible to have an upper projection for preventing the front lower part of the front part from separating forward. In addition, it can be set as a plant growth surface also including the part covered with the upper processus | protrusion by making upper process protrusions into materials, such as a net-like part or a grid | lattice-like part, which does not prevent growth of a target plant.

  (4-3-2) As the partitioning portion through which the aqueous liquid can pass, for example, a plate-like structure, a slat-like structure, a net-like structure (such as punching metal) that preferably has a large number of through-holes evenly. Including), lattice-like (vertical / horizontal lattice-like or parallel lattice-like) structure, cantilever-like structures projecting from the rear of the water-retaining plant growth toward the plant growth surface, and a plurality of parallel structures Examples include a partition formed by a horizontal beam-like body or a flexible filament, a partition formed by a space, or a combination thereof. Examples of the material constituting the partition portion composed of a structure such as a slat-like structure, a net-like structure, a lattice-like structure, and a structure in which cantilever-like structures are arranged side by side include metals such as stainless steel and aluminum, and various composites. Examples thereof include resins and ceramics.

  (4-3-3) The upper end of the water-retaining plant growth body may be lower than the lower part of the upper compartment.

  (4-3-4) The shape and size of the plant growth surface arranged in the vertical direction, the position of both ends in the horizontal direction, etc. can be fixed or can be changed. For example, one end of the plant growth surface arranged in the up-down direction is along a straight line or a predetermined curve that changes at a certain slope in the up-down direction or a slope of one or more, and the other end is a straight line obtained by translating the straight line or the curve at the one end. Or along a curve or other straight line or curve.

  Accordingly, a line enclosing the outer peripheral edge of all plant growth surfaces arranged in the vertical direction draws a rectangle (for example, the example in FIG. 6), a square, other polygons, a circle, an ellipse, other closed curves, and the like. be able to.

  (4-4) Aqueous liquid cannot pass through the compartment in the vertical direction (or there is a limit to the flow rate), and the aqueous liquid can flow outward from the compartment in the lateral direction. A path that flows out to the outflow part and flows from the outer outflow part to the lower side of the partition part laterally outward of the outer outflow part may be provided.

  In that case, when viewed from the plant growth surface of the water-retaining plant growth body, it has an outer outflow portion behind the water-retaining plant growth body, and an aqueous liquid cannot pass vertically below the outer outflow portion. It may have a second partition (for example, a portion constituted by the front plate portion R3 and the rear lower plate portion R4 and the rear upper plate portion R5 connected to the upper and lower sides thereof in FIGS. 4 and 5). The outer outflow part on the upper side of the second partition part may be a space and may have a water retaining body.

  Since the water-retaining body retains the aqueous liquid behind the water-retaining plant growth body, the retained water-based liquid is supplied to the front water-retaining plant growth body (particularly, the water-retaining plant growth body in a state where the water retention amount is reduced). In order to do so, or in order to allow the root of the target plant to extend behind the water-retaining plant growth body and to absorb the aqueous liquid, it can be placed in the outer effluent. The water-retaining body and the water-retaining plant growing body can be in contact in the horizontal direction. The horizontal contact between the water-retaining body and the water-retaining plant growing body causes less movement of the aqueous liquid from the upper to the lower than the vertical contact.

  The said partition part and a 2nd partition part can be provided in the up-and-down alternate position.

  Moreover, it can have a plant growth surface in the back side in the said water retention body seeing from the plant growth surface of the said water retention plant growth body. In this case, since it has a plant growth surface on the rear side of the water retention body, that is, in the opposite direction as viewed from the plant growth surface of the water retention plant growth body, the target plant can be grown on both plant growth surfaces in the opposite directions. In addition, it is desirable to cover the whole or a part of the rear side (plant growth surface) of the water retaining body with a net-like portion or a lattice-like portion that does not hinder the growth of the target plant.

  The partition portion cannot pass the aqueous liquid in the vertical direction (or the passage flow rate is limited), and may have a conduit for guiding the aqueous liquid to the lower side of the partition portion.

  It should be noted that the dimensions, number, material, shape, relative arrangement, etc. of the component parts in the description of the above embodiments are limited to the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified. It is not intended to be limiting, but merely an illustrative example.

A Water-retaining plant growth body A1 Plant growth surface B Water-retaining body C Support body D Support body D1 Outer frame part D2 Back plate part D3 Partition part D4 Upper projection part D5 Receiving part F Front shelf part F1 Front shelf outer frame part F2 Back Plate portion F3 Partition portion F4 Upper projection portion F5 Receiving portion F6 Lower communication port portion F7 Upper communication port portion F8 Upper projection plate portion for connection F9 Through hole F10 Grid-shaped portion R Rear shelf portion R1 Rear shelf outer frame portion R2 Rear plate Portion R3 Front plate portion R4 Rear lower plate portion R5 Rear upper plate portion R6 Through hole R7 Connecting lower box-shaped projection R8 Through hole R9 Outflow portion Ri Introducing hole

Claims (16)

A plant cultivation tool comprising a water-retaining plant growth body for growing a target plant on a plant growth surface, which is a predetermined surface, and a support for supporting the water-retention plant growth body,
The support body supports the plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies so that they are substantially separated from each other and arranged in the vertical direction, and each plant growth surface is in a predetermined posture that is vertical or inclined. And
A plant cultivation tool, wherein plant growth surfaces of water-retaining plant growth bodies supported by the support are arranged in the vertical direction.   The plant cultivation tool according to claim 1, wherein the upper water-retaining plant growth body and the lower water-retaining plant growth body are partitioned by a partition section.   The plant cultivation tool according to claim 2, wherein the partition part supports the lower part of the upper water-retaining plant growth body upward.   The plant cultivation tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the partition part allows the aqueous liquid to pass in the vertical direction.   The plant cultivation tool of Claim 2 or 3 provided with the path | route from which an aqueous liquid goes to the lower side of the said division part from the horizontal direction outer side of a division part from the upper side of a division part. Having an outward outflow part laterally outward of the water-retaining plant growth body,
Having a second partition at the lower part of the outer outflow part;
The plant cultivation tool of Claim 5 which has a water retention body in the said outer outflow part above a 2nd division part.   The plant cultivation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein positions in the front-rear direction of plant growth surfaces adjacent to each other in the vertical direction coincide with each other.   The plant cultivation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the depth of the water-retaining plant growth body is not more than a height.   The plant cultivation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the water-retaining plant growth body is a non-woven assembly of fibers.   The plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the inclination angle of the plant growth surface in the water-retaining plant growth body supported in a predetermined posture by the support is 30 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction. Cultivation tool.   11. The water-retaining plant growth body supported in a predetermined posture by the support body, wherein the portion from 10 to 100% of the height from the lower end can hold the water-based liquid. The plant cultivation tool according to 1.   A plurality of water-retaining plant growth bodies that grow a target plant on a plant growth surface, which is a predetermined surface, are substantially separated from each other and arranged vertically, and each plant growth surface has a vertical or inclined shape. By supporting the plant so that it is in a posture, the plant growth surface of those water-retaining plant growth bodies is in a state in which the plant growth surface is aligned vertically, and the target plant is grown on those plant growth surfaces aligned in the vertical direction, Plant cultivation method.   The plant cultivation method of Claim 12 with which the front-back direction position of the plant growth surface adjacent to the upper and lower sides corresponds.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the water-retaining plant growth body has a depth of not more than a height.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the inclination angle of the plant growth surface in the water-retaining plant growth body in the predetermined posture is 30 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal direction.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the water-retaining plant growth body in the predetermined posture is such that a portion from 10 to 100% of the height from the lower end can retain an aqueous liquid. .

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