JP2013060281A - Refuse collecting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuse collecting vehicle that reduces a burden of a worker and can perform a loading operation during a travel of a vehicle.SOLUTION: The refuse collecting vehicle includes an electric refuse loading apparatus 1 that performs the loading operation of compressing using an output of an electric motor 210 and loading refuse that is charged from an opening having an openable and closable hopper door 20a to a refuse housing part 10. The vehicle includes: a refuse charging amount estimation device for estimating a refuse charging amount after the last loading operation of the electric refuse loading apparatus is finished; a vehicle stop detection device for detecting a stop of a vehicle; a hopper door close detection device 302 for detecting a close of the hopper door; and a loading controller 300 for automatically starting the loading operation of the electric refuse loading apparatus when the refuse charging amount estimated by the refuse charging amount estimation device is a predetermined value or higher and both the stop of the vehicle and the close of the hopper door are detected.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric garbage collection vehicle in which garbage is loaded by electric power, and more particularly to a vehicle that reduces the burden on an operator.

Conventionally, a garbage collection vehicle mechanically extracts the output of a traveling engine by a power take-off (PTO) mechanism, drives a hydraulic pump, and loads a dust collection device by driving a cylinder or the like with the generated hydraulic pressure. It was operating.
In such a garbage collection vehicle, for each work station (dust collection location), first, a transmission and a hydraulic pump are connected by operating a PTO switch incorporated in an instrument panel of a driver's seat, and then an operator connects the rear part of the vehicle. Then, after the dust is thrown into the tailgate hopper, the loading operation disposed near the tailgate hopper is operated to start the loading operation for compressing the dust and pushing it into the body.

In recent years, for the purpose of reducing fuel consumption, CO ₂ emissions, noise, etc. during operation of garbage trucks, a vehicle is equipped with a battery and a hydraulic pump is driven by an electric motor to load the loading operation. The electric garbage truck that is used by the company is put into practical use.
With such an electric garbage collection vehicle, operations related to the PTO device are not necessary, but the loading operation has been started based on the operator's operation as in the prior art.

As a conventional technique related to such a garbage collection vehicle, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a garbage collection vehicle in which a start switch of a dust loading device is provided at a rear end portion of a vehicle.
Further, in Patent Document 2, in a garbage collection vehicle that performs a loading operation by sequentially performing a plurality of operations, the next operation is started and completed based on the output of a completion switch that detects the completion of each operation in normal times. There is described a garbage truck that performs control according to the time of the operation when a switch fails.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-2226605 JP 2006-96426 A

In the conventional garbage collection vehicle, it is necessary to manually perform the loading start operation after closing the hopper door after the worker puts the dust in the work station, so the burden on the worker is great.
In addition, the garbage truck needs to stop at the work station until the loading operation is completed, which causes problems such as road congestion and noise, and a longer operation time for collecting garbage.
In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage truck that can reduce a burden on an operator and can perform a loading operation during operation of the vehicle.

The present invention solves the above-described problems by the following means.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric dust loading device for performing a loading operation of compressing dust loaded from an opening provided with an openable / closable hopper door using an output of an electric motor and loading the dust into a dust accommodating portion. A dust collection vehicle having a device, a dust input amount estimating means for estimating a dust input amount after the previous loading operation of the electric dust loading device, a stop detection means for detecting a stop of the vehicle, The hopper door blockage detecting means for detecting the blockage of the hopper door, and the dust input amount estimated by the dust input amount estimating means are not less than a predetermined value, and when both the stop of the vehicle and the blockage of the hopper door are detected, It is a garbage collection vehicle provided with the loading control means which starts the said loading operation | movement of an electrically-driven garbage loading device automatically.
According to this, in the situation where the stoppage of the vehicle and the blockage of the hopper door are detected and safety is ensured, the load on the operator is reduced by automatically starting the loading operation when a predetermined amount or more of dust is introduced. Can be reduced.
In addition, loading operations can be performed while waiting for a signal, for example, shortening the stop time at the work station, preventing road congestion and noise, and shortening the operation time of the garbage truck. Can do.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the loading control means includes a selection operation means for selecting an automatic start and a manual start of the loading operation of the electric dust loading apparatus. Is a garbage collection vehicle.
According to this, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of operation and improve convenience by enabling selection of the start of the existing manual loading operation.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a lighting device provided outside a vehicle body is turned on or blinked while the electric dust loading device is executing the loading operation by the manual start, and the loading operation is performed by the automatic start. The garbage truck according to claim 2, further comprising a lighting control means for turning off the lighting device during execution.
According to this, when the loading operation at the work station is performed, the lighting device can be used to alert the surroundings, and when the loading operation is automatically performed when the vehicle is stopped during operation By turning off the lighting device, it is possible to prevent the surrounding area from being wary.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a garbage truck that can reduce a burden on an operator and can perform a loading operation during operation of the vehicle.

It is a side view in the Example of the refuse collection vehicle to which this invention is applied. It is a rear perspective view of the refuse collection vehicle of an Example. It is a figure which shows the structure of the hydraulic circuit of the refuse collection vehicle of an Example. It is a figure which shows the structure of the operation control valve | bulb of the garbage truck of an Example. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the hydraulic pump drive mechanism of the refuse collection vehicle of an Example. It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of the loading control apparatus in the refuse collection vehicle of an Example. It is a flowchart which shows the automatic loading start control in the loading control apparatus of FIG.

  The present invention provides a problem of providing a garbage collection vehicle that can reduce the burden on an operator and can perform a loading operation during operation of the vehicle, and the amount of dust input when the hopper door is closed and the vehicle is stopped. The problem was solved by automatically starting the loading operation when the estimated value was greater than or equal to the predetermined value.

Hereinafter, examples of the garbage truck to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 1 is a side view of the garbage truck according to the embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the garbage truck according to the embodiment as viewed from an obliquely upper side at an oblique rear.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dust collecting device 1 is mounted on a truck chassis 2 and constitutes a dust collecting vehicle which is a kind of electric work vehicle.
The truck chassis 2 includes a frame 3, an engine 4, a transmission 5, a power take-off (PTO) mechanism 6, and the like.
The frame 3 is a structural member on which the cabin and the dust collecting device 1 are mounted and to which a power train, a suspension, and the like are attached.
The engine 4 (see FIG. 5) is a power source for driving the vehicle, and is an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine.
The transmission 5 increases / decreases the rotational output of the engine 4 and transmits it to the rear wheel axle via the propeller shaft and the final reduction gear.
The PTO mechanism 6 is provided in the transmission 5 and extracts the rotational output of the engine 4 and transmits it to the pump 120.

  The dust collecting device 1 includes a body 10, a tailgate hopper 20, a backflow prevention cylinder C1, a lift cylinder C2, an automatic lock cylinder C3, a vertical movement cylinder C4, an oyster cylinder C5, a discharge cylinder C6, and the like.

The body 10 is configured in a box shape in which an opening is provided on the vehicle rear side.
The body 10 is a part in which the collected dust is accommodated.
In addition, a discharge panel 11 is provided inside the body 10 to push out the stored dust to the rear side.

The tailgate hopper 20 is disposed so as to substantially close the rear opening of the body 10.
The tailgate hopper 20 rotates around a hinge provided at the upper end of the opening of the body 10 so that the opening of the body 10 can be opened and closed.
The tailgate hopper 20 includes a hopper door 20a that opens and closes an opening through which an operator throws in dust. Further, the hopper door 20a is provided with a hopper door switch 302 (see FIG. 6) for detecting opening and closing thereof.
The tailgate hopper 20 includes a loading device that compresses the dust thrown in by the loading panel 21 and pushes it into the body 10.
The loading device scoops up the dust thrown into the lower portion of the tailgate hopper 20 by a loading panel 21 driven along a predetermined locus, and scrapes it into the body 10.

The backflow prevention cylinder C1 is a hydraulic cylinder that performs the backflow prevention panel oystering and reversing operation in order to prevent the backflow of the loaded dust.
The lift cylinder C <b> 2 is a hydraulic cylinder that opens and closes the opening of the body 10 by rotating the tailgate hopper 20.
The automatic lock cylinder C3 is a hydraulic cylinder that drives a lock mechanism that locks the tailgate hopper 20 and restricts relative rotation with respect to the body 10.
The vertical movement cylinder C4 is a hydraulic cylinder that moves the loading panel 21 of the tailgate hopper 20 up and down.
The oyster cylinder C5 is a hydraulic cylinder that performs oystering operation and reversing operation of the loading panel 21.
The discharge cylinder C6 is a hydraulic cylinder that performs discharge and return operations of a discharge panel that pushes and discharges the dust loaded in the body 10 to the vehicle rear side.

The cylinders C1 to C6 described above are driven by being supplied with hydraulic pressure via a hydraulic line L by a hydraulic circuit described below.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a hydraulic circuit in the dust collecting apparatus of the embodiment.
The hydraulic circuit 100 includes a hydraulic oil tank 110, a pump 120, an accumulator 130, a filter 140, a regulator 150, an operation control valve 160, and the like.
The hydraulic oil tank 110 is a container that stores hydraulic oil that drives the cylinders C1 to C6.
The pump 120 is a pump such as a gear pump that pressurizes and discharges the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank 110.
The accumulator 130 is a pressure accumulating container that accumulates high-pressure hydraulic oil discharged from the pump 120.
The accumulator 130 is provided between the regulator 150 and the operation control valve 160.
The filter 140 filters hydraulic oil that returns from the hydraulic control valve 160 and the regulator 150 to the hydraulic oil tank 110.
The regulator 150 controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil sent from the pump 120 to the operation control valve 160.

The operation control valve 160 supplies hydraulic oil supplied from the pump 120 via the regulator 150 and the accumulator 130 to the cylinders C1 to C6 via the hydraulic line L.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the operation control valve 160.
The operation control valve 160 includes solenoid valves SV1 to SV5 that are three-position direction control valves.
Each solenoid valve SV1 to SV5 switches the presence / absence and direction of hydraulic pressure supplied to each cylinder C1 to C6 in accordance with the driving power supplied based on a command from the loading control device 300 (see FIG. 6). is there.

The solenoid valve SV1 supplies hydraulic pressure to the backflow prevention cylinder C1.
The solenoid valve SV2 supplies hydraulic pressure to the lift cylinder C2 and the automatic lock cylinder C3.
The solenoid valve SV3 supplies hydraulic pressure to the vertical movement cylinder C4.
The solenoid valve SV4 supplies hydraulic pressure to the cylinder C5.
The solenoid valve SV5 supplies hydraulic pressure to the discharge cylinder C6.
The oil passages for supplying hydraulic pressure from the solenoid valves SV1, SV2, SV4, SV5 to each cylinder include a relief valve that bleeds the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic oil tank 110 when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value. Is provided.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a hydraulic pump drive mechanism of the garbage truck according to the embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the embodiment, the pump 120 can select driving by the output of the engine 4 using the PTO mechanism 6 and driving by the electric motor 210.
The dust collecting apparatus 1 includes a motor 210, a battery 220, an inverter 230, and the like.
The motor 210 is, for example, an AC motor provided coaxially with the input shaft of the pump 120 at the end of the pump 120 on the PTO mechanism 6 side.
The rotating shaft (output shaft) of the motor 210 is connected to the input shaft of the pump 120.
The PTO mechanism 6 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the motor 210 opposite to the pump 120 side via a power transmission shaft.

The battery 220 is a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, or a lead storage battery, and supplies power for driving the motor 210.
The battery 220 may be charged, for example, at a base (station) of a garbage collection vehicle, or may be additionally charged during operation of the vehicle using regenerative power generation means.
The battery 220 is mounted on, for example, the lower part of the dust collecting device 1.

  The inverter 230 performs DC-AC conversion on the electric power output from the battery 220 and supplies it to the motor 210 to drive the motor 210 and to control the output of the motor 210.

As shown in FIG. 1, turn signal lamps S are provided on the front, rear, left and right of the garbage truck.
The turn signal lamp S can be used for direction indication by blinking for each of the left and right groups, and so-called hazard blinking that simultaneously blinks all to alert the surroundings.

The garbage truck is provided with a loading control device described below.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the loading control device.
The loading control device 300 controls the loading operation of the dust collecting device 1.
The loading control apparatus 300 includes information processing means such as a CPU, storage means such as ROM and RAM, an input / output interface, and the like.

A vehicle speed sensor 301, a hopper door switch 302, a navigation device 303, a loading / discharging changeover switch 311, a manual loading switch 312, an automatic loading switch 313, and the like are connected to the loading control device 300.
Based on the input from these, the loading control device 300 outputs a command to the inverter 230 and the operation control valve 160 to perform the loading operation.
The loading control device 300 also outputs a command to the lighting control unit 320 that controls the lighting such as the turn signal lamp S.
The light control unit 320 performs hazard blinking of the turn signal lamp S until the completion of the work when the dust collecting device 1 executes the loading operation by an operator's manual operation.

The vehicle speed sensor 301 outputs a vehicle speed pulse signal corresponding to the traveling speed of the garbage truck.
The hopper door switch 302 detects the open / closed state of the hopper door 20a.
The navigation device 303 calculates the current position of the host vehicle using map data stored in a storage medium such as an HDD or a flash memory and positioning information obtained by GPS.
In addition, the navigation device 303 holds position data related to a pre-registered work station (garbage collection place), and can determine whether or not the own station is the work station. .

The loading / discharging changeover switch 311 switches the loading operation and the discharging operation of the dust collecting apparatus 1.
The manual loading switch 312 is for the operator to start the loading operation by a manual operation when the loading operation is selected by the loading / discharge switching switch 311.
The loading / discharging changeover switch 311 and the manual loading switch 312 are arranged at a location adjacent to the hopper door 20 a of the tailgate hopper 20.
The automatic loading switch 313 is used to switch permission / denial of automatic loading operation by an operator. For example, the automatic loading switch 313 is arranged in or near the instrument panel of the driver's seat.

Hereinafter, automatic loading start control in the loading control apparatus 300 will be described.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the loading control device 300 during automatic loading control.
Hereinafter, the steps will be described step by step.

<Step S01: Automatic loading switch-on determination>
The loading control device 300 detects whether the automatic loading switch 313 is on or off, and proceeds to step S02 if it is on.
On the other hand, if the automatic loading switch 313 is off, the process returns to step S01 and the subsequent processing is repeated.

<Step S02: Judgment while vehicle is stopped>
The loading control device 300 detects the traveling speed of the vehicle based on the output of the vehicle speed sensor 301. If the traveling speed of the vehicle is determined to be substantially zero, the loading control device 300 assumes that the vehicle is stopped, Proceed to S03.
On the other hand, if the traveling speed is not zero, it is assumed that the vehicle is traveling and the process returns to step S01 and the subsequent processing is repeated.

<Step S03: Determination of hopper door closing>
The loading control device 300 detects opening / closing of the hopper door 20a based on the output of the hopper door switch 302. If the hopper door 20a is in the closed state, the process proceeds to step S04.
On the other hand, when the hopper door 20a is in the open state, the process returns to step S01 and the subsequent processing is repeated.

<Step S04: Determination of dust amount>
The loading control apparatus 300 estimates the amount of dust thrown in since the previous loading operation was completed, and proceeds to step S05 if the estimated amount of dust thrown in is equal to or greater than a preset threshold value.
On the other hand, when the estimated dust input amount is less than the threshold, the process returns to step S01 and the subsequent processing is repeated.
Here, the dust input amount can be estimated, for example, based on the stop time of the work station (collection place) (the longer the stop time, the more dust input amount). For example, a database in which the stop time and the estimated dust input amount are associated can be prepared, and the estimated dust input amount can be obtained according to the stop time.
Whether or not the vehicle has stopped at the work station can be determined based on information obtained from the navigation device 303.

<Step S05: Automatic loading start (hazard off)>
The loading control device 300 issues a command to the inverter 230 to start driving of the motor 210 and starts generation of hydraulic pressure by the pump 120, and also issues a command to the operation control valve 160 to drive each cylinder, Start loading operation.
Then, the loading operation including the dust compression by the loading panel 21 and the pushing operation to the body 10 is performed, and after completion (after the dust in the tailgate hopper 20 has substantially disappeared), a series of processing ends ( Return).
At this time, the loading control device 300 issues a command to the lighting control unit 320 so that the hazard blinking is not performed.

According to the present embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When the automatic loading switch is turned on, the vehicle stops, the hopper door is closed, and the loading operation is automatically started when the estimated dust input amount is a predetermined amount or more. There is no need to perform a loading start operation every time the worker performs a dust throwing operation at the work station, and the burden on the worker is reduced.
(2) Safety can be ensured by automatically starting the loading operation only when the vehicle is stopped and the hopper door is closed.
(3) By performing the loading operation when the amount of dust input exceeds the threshold, it is possible to prevent wasteful consumption of electricity for loading a small amount of dust for each station, and to effectively use the battery power. can do.
(4) When the loading operation is automatically performed, it is possible to prevent the surroundings from giving a sense of caution by not performing the hazard blinking of the turn signal lamp.

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible, and these are also within the technical scope of the present invention.
(1) The configurations of the refuse collection vehicle and the dust collection device are not limited to those of the above-described embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate.
For example, the dust collecting apparatus of the embodiment is of a compression plate type, but may be of a rotary plate type.
Also, the configuration of the hydraulic pump drive mechanism, the configuration of the electric circuit, the hydraulic circuit, etc. are not particularly limited.
(2) In the above-described embodiment, the stop of the vehicle is detected based on the output of the vehicle speed sensor. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the stop may be determined based on the operation of a parking brake or a service brake. .
Moreover, you may determine a stop, when the own vehicle position detected by GPS is not moving.
(3) In the above-described embodiment, the dust input amount is estimated based on the stop time at the work station. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the dust input amount may be estimated by another method.
For example, the dust input amount may be estimated according to the opening time of the hopper door 20a.
Further, the dust input amount may be estimated based on the output of a pressure sensor provided on the loading panel 21 and detecting the pressure at the time of dust compression.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust collection apparatus 2 Truck chassis 3 Frame 4 Engine 5 Transmission 6 PTO mechanism 10 Body 11 Discharge panel 20 Tailgate hopper 20a Hopper door 21 Loading panel C1 Backflow prevention cylinder C2 Lift cylinder C3 Automatic lock cylinder C4 Vertical cylinder C5 Oyster cylinder C6 Discharge cylinder 100 Hydraulic circuit 110 Hydraulic oil tank 120 Pump 130 Accumulator 140 Filter 150 Regulator 160 Operation control valve SV1 to SV5 Solenoid valve L Hydraulic line 210 Motor 220 Battery 230 Inverter 300 Loading control device 301 Vehicle speed sensor 302 Hopper door switch 303 Navigation Device 311 Loading / discharging changeover switch 312 Manual loading switch 313 Automatic loading Switch 320 light control unit S turn signal lamp

Claims (3)

It is a garbage collection vehicle having an electric dust loading device that performs loading operation of compressing dust loaded from an opening provided with an openable / closable hopper door and loading it into the dust container using the output of the electric motor. And
A dust input amount estimating means for estimating a dust input amount after the end of a previous loading operation of the electric dust loading device;
Stop detection means for detecting stop of the vehicle;
Hopper door blockage detecting means for detecting blockage of the hopper door;
The loading operation of the electric dust loading device is automatically performed when the dust loading amount estimated by the dust throwing amount estimation means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value and both the stop of the vehicle and the closure of the hopper door are detected. A garbage collection vehicle comprising: loading control means for starting the vehicle. The garbage collection vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the loading control means includes a selection operation means for selecting an automatic start and a manual start of the loading operation of the electric dust loading apparatus. The electric dust loading device turns on or blinks a lighting device provided outside the vehicle body during execution of the loading operation by the manual start, and turns off the lighting device during execution of the loading operation by the automatic start. The garbage collection vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a lighting control unit that causes the lighting vehicle to be controlled.

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