JP2013055616A - Image display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display apparatus having high visibility.SOLUTION: An image display apparatus 1 comprises: a display 10 comprising a hemispherical screen 20 capable of displaying an image on the entire circumferential periphery (circumference of 360°); at the apex of the screen 20, an image photographing unit 40 capable of photographing the entire periphery (circumference of 360°); and a controller 50. The image display apparatus 1 is controlled by the controller 50 such that when an image is displayed on the screen 20, the image photographing unit 40 photographs the outer periphery of the image display apparatus 1, a luminance distribution detection unit detects luminance distribution in each region on the basis of imaging information, and an image displayed around a high-luminance region on the screen 20 is improved in brightness.

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display device.

  As an image display device for displaying a digital image or the like, an image display device including a hemispherical display unit is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-201926 A

  In general, a display device is not limited to a hemispherical display unit, but is influenced by external light. When the outside light is strong, the reflected light on the surface of the display unit becomes strong, the display contrast is lowered, and the visibility is deteriorated. Some flat displays, such as digital cameras, increase or decrease the amount of light according to the brightness of the outside, but in displays with a curved display, external light irradiation is uneven, so uniform light amount increase / decrease control I can not cope.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an image display device with high visibility.

  The present invention solves the above problems by the following means. In addition, in order to make an understanding easy, although the code | symbol corresponding to embodiment of this invention is attached | subjected and demonstrated, it is not limited to this.

The invention according to claim 1 is a display unit (10) capable of displaying the entire circumferential direction, an imaging unit (40) capable of photographing the surroundings, and a surrounding luminance distribution from a photographed image by the imaging unit (40). A luminance distribution measuring unit (51b) for measuring, and a control unit (51d) for correcting a display light amount in the display unit (10) based on a measurement result by the luminance distribution measuring unit (51b), This is an image display device (1).
Invention of Claim 2 is an image display apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The said imaging part (40) image | photographs all the circumferences, The said brightness distribution measurement part (51b) is the brightness | luminance of all the circumferences. The image display device (1) is characterized in that the distribution is measured, and the control unit (51d) corrects the display light amount for the entire circumference of the display unit (10).
Invention of Claim 3 is an image display apparatus of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The person recognition part (51c) which recognizes a person from the picked-up image by the said imaging part (40) is provided, The said control part (51d) is an image display device (1) characterized in that the display light amount is corrected in a region in the vicinity where the person (2) is recognized by the person recognition unit (51c).
Invention of Claim 4 is an image display apparatus of Claim 3, Comprising: The said control part (51d) is except the area | region of the vicinity where the person (2) was recognized by the said person recognition part (51c) This area is an image display device (1) characterized in that the amount of display light is reduced.
Invention of Claim 5 is an image display apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: The said display part (10) is equipped with the light emission part (33) which projects an image, The light emitting unit (33) is an image display device (1) characterized in that a plurality of light sources (33a) capable of independently controlling the light amount are two-dimensionally arranged.
The invention according to claim 6 is the image display device according to claim 5, wherein the light emitting section (33) is arranged such that the light source (33a) is arranged radially from the optical axis center of the light emitting section (33). It is an image display apparatus characterized by being provided.

  According to the present invention, an image display device with high visibility can be provided.

1 is an external perspective view of an image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a notional vertical sectional view of an image display device. 2 is a functional block configuration diagram of the image display device 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the display element and backlight in an image projection part. It is explanatory drawing of the unit area | region which detects the picked-up image by an image imaging | photography part, and the luminance distribution by a luminance distribution detection part. It is a figure explaining a picked-up image and luminance distribution. It is a conceptual top view of the image display apparatus explaining the shading correction in 2nd Embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an image display apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a conceptual longitudinal sectional view of the image display device 1. FIG. 3 is a functional block configuration diagram of the image display device 1. 4A and 4B are explanatory views showing the display element 32 and the backlight 33 in the image projection unit 30, where FIG. 4A is a perspective view and FIG. 4B is a plan view of the backlight 33. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a unit image 101 in which a luminance distribution is detected by the captured image by the image capturing unit 40 and the luminance distribution detection unit 51b. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a captured image and a luminance distribution.

  The image display device 1 can display an image on the entire circumference (360 ° circumference) of the hemispherical screen 20. In addition, the display brightness of the screen 20 is changed depending on the part based on the imaging information obtained by photographing the entire circumference (360 °) (hereinafter referred to as shading correction), and the display visibility can be improved. It is. This configuration will be described later.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the image display apparatus 1 includes a base casing 1 </ b> A that is a rectangular parallelepiped hollow member, and a display unit 10, an image capturing unit 40, and a control device 50. ing.
The display unit 10 includes a screen 20 and an image projection unit 30.
The screen 20 is formed in a hollow hemispherical dome shape with a transparent material (resin such as acrylic or glass) having a predetermined thickness, and a screen layer (not shown) that irregularly reflects image light irradiated from the inside on the inner peripheral surface thereof. )).
A touch panel 21 (see FIG. 3, not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the screen 20.

The touch panel 21 outputs an operation signal for operating the image display device 1 when the user touches the surface of the screen 20 with a finger. The touch panel 21 has a fine input area divided in a grid pattern on an image projection range (display area of the screen 20) by the image projection unit 30 to be described later, and the user touches the touch panel 21 with a finger or a touch pen. When contact is made (touch operation, tracing operation), the input area at the contact position is turned on. The touch panel 21 outputs information for specifying the position of the input area on the touch panel 21, for example, a coordinate value, as an operation signal of the touch panel 21 to the control circuit 51 described later.
Note that a cable connecting the touch panel 21 and the control device 50 provided inside the base housing 1A is a joint between the screen 20 and the base housing 1A so as not to prevent the image projection by the image projection unit 30 described later. It is wired from the surface to the inside of the base casing 1A.

In the image projection unit 30, a projection lens 31, a display element 32, a backlight 33, and a projection drive unit 34 are integrally formed, and the vicinity of the central axis of the hemispherical body of the screen 20 inside the base housing 1A. Is arranged.
The projection lens 31 is, for example, a fisheye lens having a projection angle of approximately 180 °, and projects a light image generated by the display element 32 described later onto the inner wall surface of the screen 20.
The display element 32 is configured by a transmissive liquid crystal panel, for example, and is driven by a drive signal from the projection drive unit 34 to form an image in which the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer for each pixel is changed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the backlight 33 is configured by two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of LEDs 33a on a substrate 33b so as to be a surface light source having a uniform light emission amount as a whole. The backlight 33 is disposed on the back side of the display element 32 so as to irradiate the display element 32 with irradiation light. The backlight 33 illuminates the display element 32 with brightness according to the current supplied by the projection drive unit 34 in accordance with a control signal from the control circuit 51 in the control device 50.

  The projection drive unit 34 controls and drives the display element 32 (generates a drive signal for the display element 32 according to the projection image data generated by the image processing unit 51a) in accordance with a control signal from the control circuit 51 described later. . The projection drive unit 34 controls and drives the backlight 33 (adjusts the brightness of the backlight 33 by controlling the current supply) in accordance with a control signal from the light emission amount control unit 51d in the control circuit 51 described later.

  The image projection unit 30 configured as described above is controlled and driven by the projection drive unit 34 based on information from the control circuit 51, and the display element 32 modulates the illumination light of the backlight 33 according to the image signal to generate a light image. Then, the projection lens 31 projects the optical image onto substantially the entire area of the inner wall surface of the screen 20 (except for a PAL lens 41 portion in the image photographing unit 40 described later).

The display unit 10 including the screen 20 and the image projection unit 30 converts the light image projected from the image projection unit 30 into the light projected from the image projection unit 30 on the screen layer of the inner peripheral surface. The image is displayed as an image that can be observed from the outside.
Note that the backlight 33 in the image projection unit 30 is configured and controlled so as to correspond to the characteristic shading correction in this embodiment, which will be described later.

The image capturing unit 40 is a small camera equipped with an optical system capable of capturing the outside of the image display device 1 in all directions (360 degrees in the horizontal direction), for example, PAL (Panoramic Annual Lens), on the top of the hemispherical body of the screen 20. Is provided.
The image photographing unit 40 includes a PAL lens 41, a photographing lens 42, and an image sensor 43.
The PAL lens 41 is made of a barrel-shaped transparent body, and has an outer peripheral surface 41a, an upper end surface 41b, and a lower end surface 41c formed in a convex shape around an axis Z indicated by a one-dot chain line. The upper end surface 41b is a concave curved surface, and acts as a convex reflecting surface for the light passing through the transparent body and reaching this. The lower end surface 41c is a plane perpendicular to the axis Z, and acts as a lens surface (refractive surface) for light that passes through the transparent body and reaches this surface.

  The outer peripheral surface 41a is divided into an upper outer peripheral surface 41r and a lower outer peripheral surface 41m by a plane perpendicular to the axis Z, and the upper outer peripheral surface 41r acts as a lens surface (refractive surface) on which the surrounding three-dimensional image is incident. The lower outer peripheral surface 41m acts as a concave reflecting surface for light that enters from the upper outer peripheral surface 41r, passes through the transparent body, and reaches this surface.

  In the PAL lens 41 having the above-described configuration, the three-dimensional image of the 360 ° cylindrical space P around the PAL lens 41 is captured with the width of the space angle formed by the upper outer peripheral surface 41r. The light that has entered the PAL lens 41 through the upper outer peripheral surface 41r is reflected by the opposed lower outer peripheral surface 41m, then reflected by the upper end surface 41b, and emitted from the lower end surface 41c. At this time, the light beam emitted from the lower end surface 41 c forms a virtual image in the PAL lens 41.

The photographing lens 42 is constituted by, for example, a relay lens, and forms a light beam from the 360-degree direction around the image display device 1 formed with a virtual image by the PAL lens 41 as an erect image on the image sensor 43 as described later.
The image pickup device 43 is configured by, for example, a CCD or a CMOS, picks up an image formed on the image pickup surface via the PAL lens 41 and the photographing lens 42, and sends the image signal to the control device 50 described later via the cable 60. Output. FIG. 5A shows an example of imaging by the image sensor 43.

  The image photographing unit 40 is configured in a small size so as not to disturb the image projection from the image projecting unit 30 to the screen 20 as much as possible. Further, the cable 60 (FIG. 2) for supplying power to the image capturing unit 40 and transmitting the image signal from the image capturing unit 40 does not interfere with the image projection onto the screen 20 by the image projecting unit 30. Use a thin cable. Instead of transmitting an image signal to the control device 50 using the cable 60, the image signal may be transmitted to the control device 50 by wireless communication.

As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 50 includes a control circuit 51, an image memory 52, an external interface 53, and a card interface 54.
The control circuit 51 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like (not shown), and is an arithmetic circuit that controls each component of the image processing apparatus 1 and executes various data processes based on a control program. The control program is stored in a nonvolatile memory (not shown) in the control circuit 51. The control circuit 51 controls driving of the image capturing unit 40 and the display unit 10 (image projection unit 30).

The control circuit 51 functionally includes an image processing unit 51a, a luminance distribution detection unit 51b, a person detection unit 51c, and a light emission amount control unit 51d.
The image processing unit 51a performs various image processing on the image signal input from the image capturing unit 40 to generate projection image data. Further, the image processing unit 51 a generates display image data (projected image data for projecting an image on the screen 20 by the image projecting unit 30) based on the image data recorded in the image memory 52. To do.

The luminance distribution detection unit 51b detects the luminance distribution information of the captured image from the image data generated by the image processing unit 51a at the time of shooting. This luminance distribution information is used for shading correction described later.
The person detection unit 51c detects the position of a person (observer) around the outside of the image display device 1 by a known face detection process or the like.

The light emission amount control unit 51d forms backlight drive information for shading correction described later based on the luminance distribution information detected by the luminance distribution detection unit.
The functions of the image processing unit 51a and the luminance distribution detection unit 51b related to shading correction will be described in detail later.

  The external interface 53 is a USB interface for connecting an external device such as an electronic camera or a personal computer to the image display device 1, for example. The image display apparatus 1 inputs an image file or the like from an external device via the external interface 53. The card interface 54 is an interface to which the memory card 70 can be attached and detached. The card interface 54 is an interface circuit that writes an image file to the memory card 70 and reads an image file recorded on the memory card 70 based on the control of the control circuit 51. The memory card 70 is a semiconductor memory card such as a compact flash (registered trademark) or an SD card.

  The image memory 52 is a nonvolatile memory such as a hard disk. In the image memory 52, an image file input from an external device or the memory card 70 via the external interface 53 or the card interface 54 is recorded.

  The control device 50 configured as described above controls the projection driving unit 34 based on the operation input of the touch panel 21 described above by the user, and the recording medium or the like (the external device via the image memory 52 and the external interface 53). Various images held by a memory card connected to the card interface 54 are displayed on the screen 20 of the display unit 10. Further, the image photographing unit 40 captures an image of the external periphery of the image display device 1, displays the image on the screen 20, and records the image on a recording medium or the like according to a command.

Furthermore, when the image is displayed on the display unit 10, the control device 50 captures an image of the external periphery of the image display device 1 using the image capturing unit 40, and changes the display brightness for each part based on the imaging information. I do.
Next, this shading correction will be described in detail.
In the shading correction, when the display unit 10 displays an image, first, the image photographing unit 40 captures the image of the external periphery of the image display device 1 to obtain imaging information. Then, the luminance distribution detection unit 51b detects the luminance distribution for each region from the imaging information, and brightens the image display on the screen 20 around the high luminance region.

  Acquisition of imaging information (imaging of the external periphery of the image display device 1) by the image capturing unit 40 during image display is performed prior to image display or simultaneously with the start of image display. During the subsequent image display, the control information is updated every predetermined time. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which continues imaging while displaying an image and always feeds back information. Here, it is assumed that the image shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the luminance distribution detection by the luminance distribution detection unit 51b is performed by dividing the photographed image range 100 into fan-shaped unit regions 101 at an equal angle in the circumferential direction: θ intervals. An average value of luminance levels of pixels included in each unit region is calculated. The angle θ of the unit region 101 is 5 °, for example, but FIG. 5B shows θ = 10 ° in order to avoid complication.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the calculated average brightness value of each unit area 101 is high at a location Br where the area of a building that is exposed to sunlight is large in the image, and is a location where the area of a shaded building is large. It becomes low in Dr. If this state is expressed by a graph using the angle on the horizontal axis and the average value of luminance on the vertical axis, it is as shown in FIG. FIG. 6B is a subject imaged in FIG. 5B, in which a circular figure is transformed into a rectangle.

In the shading correction, the brightness (light emission amount) in the partial region of the backlight 33 in the image projection unit 30 corresponding to the unit region 101 in which the luminance distribution is detected is higher when the luminance distribution average value is higher and lower. Adjust to low.
Here, the backlight 33 in the image projection unit 30 that enables shading correction control will be described.

  As described above, the backlight 33 is configured by two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of LEDs 33a on the substrate 33b so as to be a surface light source having a uniform light emission amount as a whole. In addition, each LED 33a can change the light emission amount independently by the current supplied from the projection drive unit 34 controlled by the light emission amount control unit 51d.

  The LED 33a may be disposed on the board 33b at the intersection of coordinates orthogonal to the grid pattern, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, the luminance distribution detection unit 51b. Corresponding to the unit area 101 for detecting the luminance distribution in FIG. This facilitates a circuit configuration for controlling the amount of light corresponding to the unit region 101.

  The backlight 33 configured as described above corresponds to the unit region 101 that detects the luminance distribution in the luminance distribution detection unit 51b by independently changing the light amount of each LED 33a under the control of the light emission amount control unit 51d. The amount of light in the region can be changed, and this can be used to arbitrarily adjust the luminance distribution in the display surface. That is, shading correction in the sense of correcting the luminance distribution is possible.

  Then, the light emission amount control unit 51d adjusts the light emission amount of each LED 33a in the backlight 33 according to the luminance distribution corresponding to FIG. Specifically, the light emission amount of the LED 33a corresponding to a certain area, that is, a certain range on the horizontal axis in FIG. 6A and a fan-shaped portion in a certain angle range in FIG. 5A and FIG. When the average value of the luminance distribution of 6 (a) is high, the brightness is adjusted to be higher, and when it is low, the brightness is adjusted to be lower.

This is a proportional relationship having an intercept (the minimum value is not 0), and the LED 33a emits light with a constant luminance even if the average luminance value is lower than a predetermined value.
In this way, by controlling the distribution of the light emission amount of the backlight 33 in the image projection unit 30, the light emission amount in the display increases on the surface facing the bright direction of the screen 20, and the visibility is improved. Further, on the surface of the screen 20 facing in the dark direction, unnecessary light emission amount is not increased, so that power saving can be achieved.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a conceptual plan view for explaining shading correction in the second embodiment.
The image display device according to the second embodiment has the same configuration and basic control as the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment described above, and only the content of shading correction by the control device 50 is different. Therefore, the description of the configuration and basic control of the image display device is omitted, and only shading correction by the control device 50 will be described. In the following description, the drawings of the first embodiment described above are used, and the same reference numerals are used for the constituent elements.

In the shading correction in the second embodiment, when the person detection unit 51c of the control circuit 51 in the control device 50 detects a person (face), the control device 50 calculates an orientation when the face is detected, and the orientation The shading correction control is performed only within a predetermined angle range centered at.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, when a person (face 2) is detected by the person detection unit 51c, a range of, for example, ± 45 ° around the detected face 2 of the person is set as the limited correction target region RAr. Only in this limited correction target region RAr, the light emission amount in the partial region of the backlight 33 is higher and lower when the luminance distribution average value is higher, based on the surrounding luminance distribution detected by the luminance distribution detecting unit 51b. In some cases, adjust it low. Further, the light emission amount of the backlight 33 in the region RAex other than the correction target region RAr is minimized.

FIG. 7 shows that the limited correction target region RAr is included in the correction target region RA that should be high and bright (the light emission amount in the partial region of the backlight 33) should be high (the light intensity in the partial region of the backlight 33) detected by the luminance distribution detection unit 51b. This is a set example. In this case, the region of (correction target region RA-limited correction target region RAr) is a region where shading correction should be performed normally, but in the second embodiment, the amount of light emitted from the backlight 33 is not subjected to shading correction. Minimize.
As a result, it is possible to eliminate waste such as brightening an area that is not viewed by a person, and power consumption can be suppressed.

As described above, this embodiment has the following effects.
(1) In the image display device 1 according to the present embodiment, when an image is displayed on the display unit 10, a region is detected by the luminance distribution detection unit 51 b in the control device 50 from imaging information around the outside of the image display device 1 by the image capturing unit 40. Each luminance distribution is detected, and based on the luminance distribution, the light emission amount of the partial region of the backlight 33 in the image projection unit 30 is adjusted to be higher when the average value of the luminance distribution is high and to be lower when the average value of the luminance distribution is low. Thereby, on the surface of the screen 20 facing in the bright direction, the amount of light emission in the display is increased, and the visibility is improved. Further, on the surface of the screen 20 facing in the dark direction, it is possible to save power without increasing the amount of unnecessary light emission.

(2) In the image display device 1 according to the second embodiment, when the person detection unit 51c in the control device 50 detects the person (face) 2, the control device 50 calculates the azimuth when the face is detected, Only in the limited correction target region rRA within a predetermined angle range centered on the azimuth, the light emission amount adjustment control is performed in the partial region of the backlight 33 according to the surrounding luminance distribution detected by the luminance distribution detecting unit 51b. The light emission amount of the backlight 33 in the area other than the correction target area RA is minimized. As a result, it is possible to eliminate waste such as brightening an area that is not viewed by a person, and power consumption can be suppressed.

(Deformation)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes as described below are possible, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.
(1) In the above embodiment, when the image is displayed on the display unit 10, the luminance distribution detection unit 51 b determines the luminance for each region of a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction from the imaging information of the external periphery of the image display device 1 by the image capturing unit 40. The distribution is detected, and shading correction is performed to brighten the image display on the screen 20 around the high luminance area. However, the division of the region is not limited to such a circumferential direction, and the region may be divided in the height direction (radial direction in the image) toward the top, and can be changed as appropriate.

  In addition, although embodiment and a deformation | transformation form can also be used in combination as appropriate, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.

  1: image display device, 2: face, 10: display unit, 20: screen, 30: image projection unit, 32: display element, 33: backlight, 33a: LED, 40: image photographing unit, 43: image sensor, 50: control device, 51: control circuit, 51b: luminance distribution detection unit, 51c: person detection unit, 51d: emission amount control unit, 100: image range, 101: unit region

Claims (6)

A display unit capable of displaying the entire circumference direction;
An imaging unit capable of photographing the surroundings;
A luminance distribution measuring unit for measuring a surrounding luminance distribution from an image captured by the imaging unit;
A control unit that corrects a display light amount in the display unit based on a measurement result by the luminance distribution measurement unit,
An image display device characterized by the above. The image display device according to claim 1,
The imaging unit captures the entire circumference,
The luminance distribution measurement unit measures the luminance distribution around the entire circumference,
The control unit corrects the display light amount for the entire circumference of the display unit;
An image display device characterized by the above. The image display device according to claim 1 or 2,
A person recognition unit for recognizing a person from an image captured by the imaging unit;
The control unit corrects the display light amount in a region near the person recognized by the person recognition unit;
An image display device characterized by the above. The image display device according to claim 3,
The control unit lowers the amount of light displayed in a region other than a region near the person recognized by the person recognition unit.
An image display device characterized by the above. The image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The display unit includes a light emitting unit that projects an image,
The light emitting unit is configured by two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of light sources capable of independently controlling the amount of light,
An image display device characterized by the above. The image display device according to claim 5,
The light emitting unit, the light source is arranged radially from the optical axis center of the light emitting unit,
An image display device characterized by the above.

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