JP2013053802A - Flood prevention structure in duct using float - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flood prevention structure which prevents seawater from entering upper floors of a building when tsunami disaster strikes various buildings, and which can operate even in power failure due to earthquakes or tsunami.SOLUTION: The structure prevents the seawater from entering an opening in an air outlet or an air inlet that opens vertically downward from the underside in the underground pit of a building. A connection duct or a box duct having a circular cross section with a different diameter is air-tightly connected to the opening. One or more spherical floats are disposed so as to be vertically movable on a horizontal bottom inside the connection duct or the box duct. When the connection duct or the box duct is submerged, the float receives buoyancy and water pressure to move upward, thereby sealing the inside of the duct to prevent the water from entering the opening.

Description

  The present invention relates to preventive maintenance of tsunami disasters, and more particularly to a structure that prevents inundation from spreading into an upper building through an air conditioning duct when seawater enters a basement (pit) due to a tsunami.

  As measures against tsunamis at nuclear facilities, the system is divided into an area (A) that prevents water from entering by consolidating water and an area (B) that allows seawater to enter. The “area” in this case includes rooms in the building in addition to the building. Therefore, even in the same building, there are a room for preventing the intrusion of seawater and a room for allowing the intrusion of seawater.

  For example, in a building as shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG. 3, a large amount of various pumps, motors, piping, wiring, and the like are arranged in the underground pit 10, but generally inundation due to a tsunami first flows into the underground pit. Because of its structure, it is treated as an area that allows inundation to be unavoidable. On the other hand, in the ceiling space 12 on the ceiling slab 11 of the underground pit 10, a relatively large air supply duct 13 for supplying fresh air to the underground pit and a relatively small diameter for discharging treated air. An exhaust duct 14 is disposed and connected to an air supply fan 15 and an exhaust fan 16, respectively, and air supply / exhaust is performed by air supply from an air outlet 17 and exhaust from an air inlet 18 (supply). The air and exhaust may be the opposite of FIG. 3).

  If the amount of inundation due to the tsunami is enormous, the underground pit 11 will eventually be filled with seawater, and seawater will infiltrate into the air supply duct 13 and the exhaust duct 14 through the air outlet 17 and the air inlet 18 and connected. Seawater enters the upper floor of the building (reactor building, turbine building, generator building, etc.) 20 through the air conditioning duct. In particular, on the exhaust duct side, since the exhaust fan is rotating, there is a risk that the entering seawater may be immediately sent to the upper floor.

As a conventional technique, a method of extending the air conditioning duct in the vertical direction to increase the allowable water depth is considered, but it must be planned from the initial design stage and cannot be applied to existing buildings. There is a disadvantage that the useless space is expanded.
In addition, there is a method of installing a sensor to detect water intrusion in the duct system and blocking it with a shut-off valve, but if a power failure occurs, the electric sensor cannot be detected and the air pump stops and the air pressure is stopped. There is a drawback that the shut-off valve of the type does not work.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-132684 “Equipment for Preventing High Inundation”, a movable wall panel is disposed adjacent to a concrete wall installed near the coastline, and the wall panel is operated by a floating body (float) attached to the wall panel. The equipment which can prevent high water immersion without using power by moving up and down is proposed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a structure for preventing seawater from entering the upper floor of a building when various buildings are attacked by a tsunami disaster.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a flood prevention structure that can operate even if a power failure occurs due to an earthquake or tsunami.

  As a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an infiltration prevention structure when the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet has a relatively small diameter. This inundation prevention structure is a structure for preventing water from entering from the lower side to the opening of the air outlet or air suction opening that opens downward in the vertical direction, and has a circular cross section with a different diameter in the opening. The connection duct includes an annular small-diameter pipe portion that is air-tightly connected to the opening, a frustoconical expansion pipe portion that expands downward from the lower end of the small-diameter pipe portion, and the expansion duct. An annular large-diameter pipe portion connected to the lower end of the pipe portion, and the lower end of the large-diameter pipe portion terminates in a mesh-like or grid-like horizontal bottom, and the top of the horizontal bottom A spherical float having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter pipe portion is disposed. Thus, when the float is submerged in the connection duct, it receives buoyancy and water pressure and moves upward to seal the expansion tube portion and prevent water from entering the opening.

  As a preferred embodiment, the float is made of stainless steel (SUS) for ball taps, and a packing is disposed at a contact portion between the expansion tube portion and the float, thereby improving the water tightness.

  As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an infiltration prevention structure when the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet has a relatively large diameter or a square shape. This inundation prevention structure is a structure that prevents water from entering from the lower side to the opening of the air outlet or air suction opening that opens downward in the vertical direction, and a box-type duct is airtightly connected to the opening, A horizontal sealing plate having one or a plurality of circular holes is fixed inside the box-shaped duct, and a plurality of guide rods extend downward from the horizontal sealing plate. A spherical float that is fixed to the horizontal bottom of the box, ends at the bottom of the box-shaped duct, and is movable up and down along the guide rods in a space surrounded by the guide rods. Has been placed. Thus, when the float is submerged in the box-type duct, it receives buoyancy and water pressure and moves upward to seal the circular hole and prevent water from entering the opening.

  As a preferred embodiment, the float is made of stainless steel for ball taps, and a packing is disposed at the contact portion between the circular hole and the float, thereby improving the water tightness.

Based on such a configuration, according to the inundation preventing structure of the present invention,
(1) It is possible to prevent the inundation due to the tsunami from entering the upper floor through the air conditioning duct from the underground pit.
(2) The existing duct can be retrofitted into a flood-preventing structure in a short period of time without requiring a major remodeling.
(3) Even during a power failure, it can operate reliably and prevent flooding.

  In addition, when the opening part of the air outlet or the air suction port is not oriented downward in the vertical direction but is directed in the horizontal direction or the oblique direction, by attaching a bent pipe (elbow) to the opening part and opening it in the downward direction in the vertical direction, The present invention can be similarly applied.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. The longitudinal section showing the 2nd example of the inundation prevention structure by the present invention. The conceptual diagram showing the state which inundates from an underground pit to a building through a duct.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the inundation preventing structure according to the present invention. This example is an inundation preventing structure when the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet has a relatively small diameter. FIG. 1A shows a state where the float is at the lowest position in an initial state where the tsunami is not received, and FIG. 1B shows a state where the float is raised to the highest position due to flooding by the tsunami.

  In FIG. 1A, a connection duct 30 having a circular cross section with a different diameter is airtightly connected to an opening 18a of an air outlet or an air inlet that opens downward in the vertical direction. The connection duct 30 includes an annular small-diameter pipe portion 31 that is airtightly connected to the opening 18a via an adapter 38, a truncated conical expansion pipe portion 32 that expands downward from the lower end of the small-diameter pipe portion 31, and an enlargement. And an annular large-diameter pipe portion 33 connected to the lower end of the pipe portion 32.

  The lower end of the large-diameter pipe portion 33 terminates in a mesh-like or lattice-like horizontal bottom portion 35, and the horizontal bottom portion 35 has a structure in which air can freely flow. A spherical float 40 having an outer diameter (for example, 200 mm) larger than the inner diameter d (for example, 150 mm) of the small-diameter pipe portion 31 is mounted on the horizontal bottom portion 35. In the initial state, the bottom portion of the float 40 is on the horizontal bottom portion 35. Sitting on. The float 40 is suspended from the guide member 39 by a suspension rod 37 so as not to sway greatly from side to side, and the suspension rod 37 is attached so as to be able to slide up and down through the guide member 39 (FIG. 1B). reference). The inner diameter D of the large-diameter pipe portion 33 can be set to 300 mm, for example, and the height H of the connection duct 30 can be set to 350 mm, for example. A packing 36 made of a material such as rubber is affixed in the vicinity of the inner upper end of the expansion tube portion 32.

Based on such a configuration, when the underground pit is submerged and the water surface rises and starts to submerge in the connection duct 30, the float 40 receives buoyancy and water pressure and moves upward as shown in FIG. The expansion tube portion 32 is sealed in a watertight state to prevent water from entering the opening 18a.
The float 40 is preferably made of stainless steel (SUS) for ball taps, but can be replaced with various durable materials like the packing.

  FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the inundation preventing structure according to the present invention, and this example shows an inundation preventing structure when the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet has a relatively large diameter or square shape. It is. FIG. 2A shows a state where the float is at the lowest position in an initial state where no tsunami is received, FIG. 2B shows a state where the float is raised to the highest position due to flooding by the tsunami, and FIG. 2C shows a horizontal section of the float portion.

In FIG. 2A, a box-type duct 50 is airtightly connected through an adapter 53 to a vertically downward opening 17a that is an air outlet or an air inlet. A horizontal sealing plate 54 having two circular holes 51 and 52 (see FIG. 2C) is fixed inside the outer case 50a of the box duct 50.
A plurality of guide rods 55 (see FIG. 2C) extend downward from the horizontal sealing plate 54, the lower ends of the guide rods 55 are fixed to a mesh-like or grid-like horizontal bottom 58, and the lower ends of the box-shaped duct 50 are Terminate at the horizontal bottom 58. The horizontal bottom 58 has a structure in which air can freely flow.

  As shown in FIG. 2C, a spherical float 40 that can move up and down along the guide rod 55 is accommodated in a space surrounded by the plurality of guide rods 55. In the initial state, the bottom of the float 40 is above the horizontal bottom 58. Sitting on. Each float 40 is suspended from a suspension rod 56, and is attached so as to slide up and down through a guide plate 59 disposed above the horizontal sealing plate 54 (see FIG. 2B). A packing 57 (see FIGS. 2B and 2C) is attached around the circular holes 51 and 52 of the horizontal sealing plate 54.

  Based on such a configuration, each float 40 receives the buoyancy and water pressure as shown in FIG. 2B, and moves upward when the underground pit is submerged and the water surface rises and begins to submerge in the box duct 50. The top part fits into the circular holes 51 and 52 and contacts the packing 57 to seal the horizontal sealing plate 54 and prevent water from entering the opening 17a.

  In FIG. 2, two floats are used in accordance with the size of the opening 17a. However, one float may be used when the opening is small, and three or more floats when the opening is larger. It is also possible to cope with.

  As described above in detail, according to the inundation prevention structure according to the present invention, inundation due to a tsunami can be prevented from entering the upper floor from the underground pit via the air conditioning duct, which greatly reduces the existing duct. It can be remodeled into a flood prevention structure in a short period of time without any need for remodeling, and it can operate reliably even during a power outage and prevent flooding. There is something.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Underground pit 13,14 Duct 17 Air blower outlet 18 Air suction inlet 17a, 18a Opening part 20 Building 30 Connection duct 31 Small diameter pipe part 32 Expansion pipe part 33 Large diameter pipe part 35 Horizontal bottom part 36 Packing 40 Float 50 Box type duct 51 , 52 Circular hole 54 Horizontal sealing plate 55 Guide rod 57 Packing 58 Horizontal bottom

As a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an infiltration prevention structure when the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet has a relatively small diameter. This inundation prevention structure is a structure for preventing water from entering from the lower side to the opening of the air outlet or air suction opening that opens downward in the vertical direction, and has a circular cross section with a different diameter in the opening. The connection duct includes an annular small-diameter pipe portion that is air-tightly connected to the opening, a frustoconical expansion pipe portion that expands downward from the lower end of the small-diameter pipe portion, and the expansion duct. An annular large-diameter pipe portion connected to the lower end of the pipe portion, and the lower end of the large-diameter pipe portion terminates in a mesh-like or grid-like horizontal bottom, and the top of the horizontal bottom A spherical float having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter pipe portion is disposed, and the float is suspended by a suspension rod extending vertically upward, and the suspension rod penetrates inside the small-diameter pipe portion. And a guide member that slides up and down. DOO seals the enlarged tube portion to move upward by receiving buoyancy and water pressure when submerged in the connecting duct, characterized in that to prevent the water from entering the opening portion. Either comb, the float is as water enter into the connecting duct is moved upward by receiving buoyancy hydraulically sealing the enlarged tube portion, to prevent water from entering the opening portion .

As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an infiltration prevention structure when the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet has a relatively large diameter or a square shape. This inundation prevention structure is a structure that prevents water from entering from the lower side to the opening of the air outlet or air suction opening that opens downward in the vertical direction, and a box-type duct is airtightly connected to the opening, A horizontal sealing plate having one or a plurality of circular holes is fixed inside the box-shaped duct, and a plurality of guide rods extend downward from the horizontal sealing plate. A spherical float that is fixed to the horizontal bottom of the box, ends at the bottom of the box-shaped duct, and is movable up and down along the guide rods in a space surrounded by the guide rods. are arranged, the float is suspended hanging rods extending vertically upward, above the horizontal sealing plate provided with a guide member for sliding up and down by penetrating the hanging bar, before Symbol The float is immersed in the box duct. When the sealed move the circular hole upward receives buoyancy and water pressure, characterized in that to prevent the water from entering the opening portion.
Thus, when the float is submerged in the box-type duct, it receives buoyancy and water pressure and moves upward to seal the circular hole and prevent water from entering the opening.

Claims (4)

It is a structure that prevents water from entering from the lower side to the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet that opens downward in the vertical direction,
A connection duct having a circular cross section with a different diameter is connected to the opening in an airtight manner,
The connection duct is connected to the annular small-diameter pipe portion that is hermetically connected to the opening, the truncated cone-shaped expansion pipe portion that expands downward from the lower end of the small-diameter pipe portion, and the lower end of the expansion pipe portion. An annular large-diameter pipe portion,
The lower end of the large-diameter pipe part is terminated with a mesh-like or grid-like horizontal bottom,
A spherical float having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter pipe portion is disposed on the horizontal bottom portion,
When the float is submerged in the connecting duct, the float receives upward buoyancy and water pressure, moves upward, seals the enlarged pipe portion, and prevents inundation into the opening. Construction.   The infiltration prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein the float is made of stainless steel for ball taps, and a packing is disposed at a contact portion between the expansion pipe portion and the float. It is a structure that prevents water from entering from the lower side to the opening of the air outlet or the air inlet that opens downward in the vertical direction,
A box-type duct is airtightly connected to the opening,
A horizontal sealing plate having one or more circular holes is fixed inside the box-type duct,
A plurality of guide rods extend downward from the horizontal sealing plate, and the lower end of each guide rod is fixed to a mesh-like or lattice-like horizontal bottom, and the lower end of the box-type duct terminates at the horizontal bottom,
A spherical float that can move up and down along the guide rod is disposed in a space surrounded by the plurality of guide rods,
When the float is submerged in the box-type duct, it receives buoyancy and water pressure, moves upward, seals the circular hole, and prevents inundation into the opening. Construction.   The infiltration prevention structure according to claim 3, wherein the float is made of stainless steel for ball taps, and a packing is disposed at a contact portion between the circular hole and the float.

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