JP2013053495A - Exciter, installation machine and installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide means for inhibiting vibration generated by an exciter from being transmitted via a leader to each part of an installation device.SOLUTION: An exciter 40 is liftably connected to a leader erected on an installation machine which presses a steel pipe pile into a ground, for causing vibration while gripping the steel pipe pile. The exciter includes a chuck mechanism 48 for gripping the steel pipe pile, a vibro-hammer 50 joined to the chuck mechanism 48 for causing the vibration, a connection part 44 liftably connected to the leader, and a plurality of laminated rubbers 62 for joining the vibro-hammer 50 to the connection part 44.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration generator, a driving machine, and a driving method.

  As a method of placing steel pipe piles and steel sheet piles in the ground, there are a vibratory hammer method and a medium digging method in which the steel pipe is pressed into the ground while excavating the inside of the steel pipe with a screw auger and applying vibration to the steel pipe with a vibratory hammer vibration device. Is known, and Patent Document 1 discloses a driving device used in the construction method. In the placing device described in Patent Document 1, a rotary drive device that rotates an auger and a vibro box that vibrates by gripping a steel pipe can be moved up and down separately via a slide fitting and a slide rail. It is connected and suspended by a wire suspended from a top sheave block above the leader so as to be lifted and lowered.

JP 2008-31756 A

  In the placement device described in Patent Document 1, the vibration of the vibration generating device is transmitted to the auger, the wire, etc. via the reader, and the auger, the wire, etc. vibrate. For this reason, in order to ensure the clearance of an auger and a steel pipe, there existed problems, such as restrictions of the diameter of an auger becoming large, a wire shaking, and noise generating.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it a subject to suppress that the vibration which generate | occur | produced with the vibration generating apparatus is transmitted to each part of a placing apparatus via a leader.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a vibration exciter according to the present invention is connected to a leader of a placement machine that press-fits a press-fitting object into the ground so as to be movable up and down, and generates a vibration by gripping the press-fitting object. A vibration device, a gripping part for gripping the press-fitting object, a vibration generating part coupled to the gripping part for generating vibration, a connecting part coupled to the reader so as to be movable up and down, and the vibration generating part A plurality of elastic bodies for coupling the connecting portion.

  Moreover, the said vibration generator WHEREIN: The said vibration part may be a vibratory hammer which raises a vibration by rotating the rotor which is an eccentric weight.

  In the vibration generator, the plurality of elastic bodies may be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the vibration generator.

  The driving machine according to the present invention includes the vibration generating device, a reader to which the vibration generating device is connected so as to be movable up and down, and a lifting mechanism that lifts and lowers the vibration generating device along the reader.

  Further, the driving machine is connected to the leader so as to be movable up and down, and a drilling device for excavating the inside of the press-fitting object with an auger inserted into the tubular press-fitting object, and the excavator along the leader And an elevating mechanism for elevating and lowering.

  Further, the placing method according to the present invention is a placing method in which the tubular press-fitting object is press-fitted into the ground using the driving machine, and the press-fitting object is press-fitted into the ground while the auger is pulled up. The process of carrying out is provided.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can suppress that the vibration which generate | occur | produced with the vibration generator is transmitted to each part of a placement apparatus via a leader.

It is an elevation view showing a pile driver according to an embodiment. It is an elevation view (2-2 arrow view of Drawing 1) which shows a pile driver from the front. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of a vibro hammer. It is an elevation view which shows a vibration generator from the front. It is a top view which shows a vibration generator. FIG. 6 is an elevational view (a view taken along arrow 6-6 in FIG. 4) showing the vibration generator from the side. It is 7-7 sectional drawing (plane sectional drawing) of FIG. FIG. 8 is a sectional view (plan sectional view) taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 4. (A), (B) is elevation sectional drawing which shows the procedure which press-fits a steel pipe pile to a ground with a pile driver.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing a pile driving machine 10 according to one embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an elevation view (a view taken along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1) showing the pile driving machine 10 from the front. As shown in these drawings, the pile driving machine 10 supports a base machine 12, a leader 18 provided at the front of the base machine 12 so as to be able to be tilted, and supports the leader 18 on the base machine 12 so as to be tiltable. A stay 20, a hydraulic unit 22 that supplies hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic equipment of the pile driving machine 10, and an excavator 30 and a vibration generator 40 that are connected to the leader 18 so as to be movable up and down are provided.

  This pile driving machine 10 is a machine used to press-fit a steel pipe pile 1 into the ground by a ready-made pile construction method that uses both a vibro hammer method and a medium digging method. However, the vibration generator 40 vibrates the steel pipe pile 1 and press-fits the steel pipe pile 1 into the ground.

  The base machine 12 includes a lower traveling body 14 that travels on the crawler 14 </ b> A, and an upper revolving body 16 that is turnably provided on the lower traveling body 14. The upper swing body 16 includes a cab 16A, a power receiving facility 16B, and the like. The lower end of the reader 18 is rotatably connected to the front portion of the upper swing body 16, and the lower end of the stay 20 is connected to the rear portion of the upper swing body 16. Are rotatably connected. Further, the other end of the stay 20 is rotatably connected to an intermediate portion of the reader 18.

  The leader 18 is a member that is longer than the steel pipe pile 1 and is supported by the stay 20 in a state where the leader 18 stands vertically during construction. A top sheave 24 is installed at the upper end of the reader 18, and wires 26 and 28 are wound around the top sheave 24. Further, the leader 18 is provided with a guide rail 18A extending from the lower end to the upper end, so that the excavator 30 and the vibration generator 40 can slide along the guide rail 18A via the slide fittings 31 and 41, respectively. It is connected.

  The excavator 30 includes a hydraulic motor 34 connected to the guide rail 18 </ b> A via a slide fitting 31, and a spiral auger 32 integrated with a rotation output shaft 34 </ b> A of the hydraulic motor 34. A tip cutter 32A is provided at the lower end of the spiral auger 32, and a spiral spiral blade 32B is provided above the tip cutter 32A.

  One end of a wire 26 is fixed to the hydraulic motor 34, and the other end of the wire 26 is wound around a winch (not shown) installed on the upper swing body 14. Further, as described above, the wire 26 is wound around the top sheave 24 at the upper end of the reader 18. For this reason, the hydraulic motor 34 and the spiral auger 32 are suspended by the wire 26 from the upper end of the leader 18, and descend when the wire 26 is unwound from the winch, and rise when the wire 26 is wound by the winch. The spiral auger 32 and the rotation output shaft 34 </ b> A are held in a vertically standing state at the time of construction, and the spiral auger 32 is inserted into the steel pipe pile 1.

  The vibration exciter 40 includes a connecting portion 44 slidably connected to the guide rail 18A via a slide fitting 41, a vibro hammer 50 disposed in the connecting portion 44, and a box of the vibro hammer 50 (hereinafter referred to as a vibro box). The earth and sand discharging part 46 fixed to the lower part of 42 and the chuck mechanism 48 fixed to the lower part of the earth and sand discharging part 46 and gripping the upper end part of the steel pipe pile 1 are provided.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the vibratory hammer 50. As shown in this figure, the vibratory hammer 50 is a vibration generator that includes a pair of left and right rotors 52 that are eccentric weights and a hydraulic motor 54 that rotates the rotor 52. In this vibratory hammer 50, the hydraulic motor 54 reversely rotates the pair of left and right rotors 52 so that the centrifugal force in the horizontal direction cancels each other, and only the vertical vibration force is generated at the same cycle as the rotational speed. Let As a result, the steel pipe pile 1 is vibrated up and down, and the frictional force between the peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile 1 and the ground is reduced. Therefore, the steel pipe pile 1 is press-fitted into the ground by its own weight or a pressure input applied by a wire 29 described later. It will be done.

  Moreover, in the vibratory hammer 50, at the time of starting and stopping, the hydraulic motor 54 and the rotor 52 are separated by a clutch (not shown), and when the rotational speed of the rotor 52 rises or falls to a predetermined set value, Thus, the hydraulic motor 54 and the rotor 52 are connected or disconnected. Thereby, resonance at the time of starting and stopping can be prevented, and construction excellent in measures against vibration and noise can be performed.

  FIG. 4 is an elevation view showing the vibration generating device 40 from the front, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the vibration generating device 40. FIG. 6 is an elevational view (a view taken along arrow 6-6 in FIG. 4) showing the vibration generating device 40 from the side. As shown in these drawings, the connecting portion 44 of the vibration generating device 40 is a rectangular box in plan view, and the lower portion is open. The connecting portion 44 has a hole 44H through which the rotation output shaft 34A of the hydraulic motor 34 is inserted. A sheave 45 around which the wire 28 is wound is provided on both sides of the hole 44H.

  Further, a sheave 49 is provided at the rear portion of the connecting portion 44. A wire 29 wound around a winch (not shown) installed at the front portion of the base machine 12 is wound around the sheave 49. The wire 29 is pulled downward by a winch, and pressure is applied to the steel pipe pile 1 by the tension of the wire 29.

  The vibro box 42 is a rectangular box in plan view, and a hole 42H through which the rotation output shaft 34A of the hydraulic motor 34 is inserted is formed at the center of gravity. The pair of left and right rotors 52 described above are disposed in the vibro box 42 so as to sandwich the hole 42H.

  The earth and sand discharge portion 46 is a rectangular box in plan view, and has a hole through which the rotation output shaft 34A of the hydraulic motor 34 and the spiral auger 32 are inserted. Further, one wall surface (front surface) of the earth and sand discharge portion 46 is provided with a discharge port 46A that protrudes forward and opens downward. The upper end of the spiral auger 32 is disposed in the earth and sand discharge portion 46, and the earth and sand in the steel pipe pile 1 is lifted up to the earth and sand discharge portion 46 by the spiral auger 32 and discharged from the discharge port 46A.

  The chuck mechanism 48 includes a box 48A provided with a hole through which the spiral auger 32 is inserted, and a pair of chuck claws 48B arranged with the hole interposed therebetween. A drive mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder that opens and closes the chuck claw 48B is disposed in the box 48A. The chuck claw 48B grips and separates the upper end portion of the steel pipe pile 1.

  Here, a plurality of seismic isolation devices 60 are arranged between the vibro box 42 and the connecting portion 44. The seismic isolation device 60 is a laminated rubber isolator in which metal plates and rubber are alternately stacked, and includes a laminated rubber 62 and a pair of flanges 64 that sandwich the laminated rubber 62 in the laminating direction. One of the pair of flanges 64 is fixed to the vibro box 42, and the other of the pair of flanges 64 is fixed to the connecting portion 44.

  7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 4 (planar cross-sectional view), and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the lower part of the vibro box 42 and the lower part of the connecting part 44 are both rectangular boxes in plan view, and the vertical wall 42A of the vibro box 42 and the vertical wall 44A of the connecting part 44 are horizontal. Opposite direction. The plurality of seismic isolation devices 60 are arranged between the vertical wall 42A of the vibro box 42 and the vertical wall 44A of the connecting portion 44, and are sandwiched by the vertical wall 42A and the vertical wall connecting portion 44A in the stacking direction of the laminated rubber 62. The vibration of the vibratory hammer 50 in the vertical direction is absorbed by the shear elastic deformation of the laminated rubber 62.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a cylindrical column part 42B through which the rotation output shaft 34A is inserted is provided at the upper center of the vibro box 42, and a pair of vertical walls 42C are provided on both sides thereof. It has been. The pair of vertical walls 42C are arranged in parallel, and one end of each vertical wall 42C in the horizontal direction is coupled to the column portion 42B. In addition, a cylindrical column part 44B in which the column part 42B is arranged is provided in the upper center of the connecting part 44, and a vertical wall 44C that is opposed to the vertical wall 42C in the horizontal direction is provided on both sides thereof. ing.

  The plurality of seismic isolation devices 60 are arranged between the vertical wall 42C of the vibro box 42 and the vertical wall 44C of the connecting portion 44, and are sandwiched in the stacking direction of the laminated rubber 62 by the vertical wall 42C and the vertical wall connecting portion 44C. The vibration in the vertical direction of the vibro box 42 is absorbed by the shear elastic deformation of the laminated rubber 62.

  Here, the plurality of seismic isolation devices 60 at each stage are symmetrical (ie, point-symmetric) with respect to the axis of the rotation output shaft 34A (ie, the center of gravity of the vibro box 42) in the front-rear direction (the lower side in the figure is the front) and the left-right direction. ). As a result, a plurality of coupling points between the vibro box 42 and the connecting portion 44 are arranged symmetrically in the front-rear and left-right directions with respect to the center of gravity of the vibro box 42, so that vibrations and shear loads are applied to the seismic isolation devices 60 without bias. The vibro box 42 can be vibrated up and down satisfactorily.

  As described above, in the pile driving machine 10 according to the present embodiment, the vibro box 42 and the connecting portion 44 are cut by the laminated rubber 62, and the vibration energy transmitted from the vibro box 42 to the connecting portion 44 is attenuated. . Thereby, it is possible to suppress the vibration generated in the vibratory hammer 50 from spreading to the entire pile driving machine 10 via the connecting portion 44, the leader 18, and the wire 28, and the excavator 30, the wires 26, 28, 29, etc. vibrate. Can be suppressed.

  Therefore, since it can suppress that the spiral auger 32 vibrates in the steel pipe pile 1, the restriction | limiting of the diameter of the spiral blade 32B for ensuring the clearance of the spiral blade 32B and the steel pipe pile 1 becomes small, and the spiral blade 32B is enlarged. It becomes possible to reduce the gap with the steel pipe pile 1 by increasing the diameter. As a result, it is possible to improve the excavation capacity of the spiral auger 32, or to construct the negative pressure at the tip of the steel pipe pile 1 and push the steel pipe pile 1 as described later, so that rapid construction can be realized. .

  Moreover, since it can suppress that a wire 26, 28, 29 shakes by vibration and hits the reader | leader 18, a sound is produced, or each part of the pile driving machine 10 generate | occur | produces abnormal noise by vibration, it can reduce noise. Contribute.

  Further, in the vibration generator 40, a pendulum type vibrator hammer 50 that generates vibration by the rotation of the eccentric weight rotor 52 is used as the vibration generator. The pendulum type vibrator hammer 50 is a piston type vibrator hammer. In comparison, small amplitude and high frequency vibrations can be generated. Here, the vibration of small amplitude and high frequency generates high vibration force, and the distance attenuation of the propagation vibration is large, so that the construction with high efficiency and excellent vibration / noise countermeasure becomes possible.

  FIGS. 9A and 9B are elevational sectional views showing a procedure for press-fitting the steel pipe pile 1 into the ground with the pile driving machine 10. As shown in FIG. 9A, the spiral auger 32 is rotated and lowered to excavate the soil below the steel pipe pile 1 with the tip cutter 32A, and the soil is scraped up to the ground with the spiral blade 32B. Moreover, the vibration generator 40 is operated and the vertical vibration is given to the steel pipe pile 1. Thereby, the frictional force between the peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile 1 and the ground is reduced, and the steel pipe pile 1 is press-fitted into the ground by the resultant force P of its own gravity and the pressure input applied from the wire 29.

  Then, after the rotation and lowering of the spiral auger 32 is continued for a predetermined time, the spiral auger 32 is pulled up as shown in FIG. 9B. Here, the tip of the steel pipe pile 1 is sealed with the earth and sand below it, and the steel pipe pile 1 is clogged with earth and sand. For this reason, when the spiral auger 32 is pulled up to lift the earth and sand in the steel pipe pile 1, a negative pressure space V is formed at the tip of the steel pipe pile 1, and a downward pushing force Q acts on the steel pipe pile 1 by this negative pressure. . Thereby, the steel pipe pile 1 is press-fitted into the ground by the resultant force P + Q of its own gravity and the pressure input P applied from the wire 29 and the pushing force Q.

  Here, in the pile driving machine 10 according to the present embodiment, as described above, by suppressing the vibration of the spiral auger 32, the difference between the diameter of the spiral blade 32 </ b> B and the inner diameter of the steel pipe pile 1 as compared with the related art. It is possible to further reduce the gap between the spiral blade 32B and the steel pipe pile 1. Thereby, when pulling up the spiral auger 32, it becomes possible to generate a negative pressure at the tip of the steel pipe pile 1, and the steel pipe pile 1 can be press-fitted into the ground by this negative pressure.

  In addition, the above-mentioned embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking the pile driving machine 10 for driving the steel pipe pile 1 as an example, but the present invention is also applied to a driving machine for driving a ready-made hollow concrete pile or a steel pipe sheet pile. The invention can be applied. Further, the present invention is not limited to the pile driving machine 10 for driving the steel pipe pile 1 by a method using the Nakabori method and the vibro hammer method, but also for a driving machine for driving a pile, a sheet pile or the like by using the vibratory hammer method alone. The invention can be applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steel pipe pile (pile), 10 pile driving machine (placement machine), 12 base machine, 14 lower traveling body, 14A crawler, 16 upper turning body, 16A operation room, 16B power receiving equipment, 18 leader, 18A guide rail, 20 Stay, 22 Hydraulic unit, 24 Top sheave, 26, 28, 29 Wire, 30 Excavator, 31 Slide fitting, 32 Spiral auger (auger), 32A Tip cutter, 32B Spiral blade, 34 Hydraulic motor, 34A Rotation output shaft, 40 Vibrating device, 41 slide fitting, 42 vibro box, 42A vertical wall, 42B column, 42C vertical wall, 42H hole, 44 connecting portion, 44A vertical wall, 44B column, 44C vertical wall, 44H hole, 45 sheave, 46 Sediment discharge part, 46A discharge port, 48 chuck mechanism (gripping part), 4 A box, 48B chuck jaws, 49 sheave, 50 vibro-hammer (excitation unit), 52 a rotor, 54 hydraulic motor, 60 isolator, 62 laminated rubber, 64 flanges

Claims (6)

A vibration generator that is connected to a leader of a placement machine that press-fits a press-fitting object into the ground so as to be movable up and down, and that vibrates by gripping the press-fitting object,
A gripping part for gripping the press-fitting object;
An exciter that is coupled to the grip and generates vibration;
A connecting portion connected to the reader to be movable up and down;
A plurality of elastic bodies that couple the vibrating portion and the connecting portion;
A vibration generator comprising:   2. The vibration generator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration generator is a vibratory hammer that generates vibration by rotating a rotor that is an eccentric weight.   The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of elastic bodies are arranged symmetrically with respect to a center of gravity of the vibration generating unit. The vibration generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A reader to which the vibration generator is connected so as to be movable up and down;
An elevating mechanism for elevating and lowering the vibration generator along the reader;
A placement machine equipped with. A drilling device that is connected to the leader so as to be movable up and down, and digs the inside of the press-fitting object with an auger inserted into the tubular press-fitting object;
An elevating mechanism for elevating the excavator along the leader;
A placement machine according to claim 4. A driving method for press-fitting the tubular press-fitting object into the ground using the driving machine according to claim 5,
A placement method comprising a step of press-fitting the press-fitting object into the ground while pulling up the auger.

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