JP2013044836A - Video display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a video display device capable of securing easiness of viewing of display image with a simple structure in a video display device in which an external image and a display image displayed by a display element are overlapped in a same viewing field for observation.SOLUTION: The video display device 1A which allows the external image 20b and the display image 20c to be observed in the same viewing field 20, includes a transmission type display element 3A; a liquid crystal shutter 2A configured to drive a liquid crystal 7 for each pixel and adjust a transmission quantity of a light flux reaching the display element from the outside, and laminated on the display element; and a controller circuit 22 for controlling the drive of the display element and a dimming element so that the transmission quantity of the light flux through a part of the liquid crystal shutter corresponding to the display image 20c is decreased when the display element 3A displays the display image 20c.

Description

  The present invention relates to a video display device.

  In a video display device that observes an external image and a display image displayed by a display element in the same field of view, it is necessary to ensure the visibility of the display image.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a display device in which a transmission / scattering type liquid crystal display element is laminated on the back surface of a transmission type display element. In the region where the liquid crystal display element is operated, external image light is scattered and whitened. Therefore, the image displayed on the display element is easy to see in the corresponding region.

  Patent Document 2 discloses an image display in which an external image formed on a liquid crystal shutter having a pixel structure and an image displayed on a display element arranged at a conjugate position thereof are combined by a half mirror and observed by an eyepiece optical system. An apparatus is disclosed. By shielding light beams from the outside that enter the pixels corresponding to the display image with a liquid crystal shutter, it is possible to prevent the display image from being seen through.

JP 2008-122590 A Japanese Patent No. 2840692

  However, in Patent Document 1, since scattered light leaks to the display element, it is difficult to display an image without being affected by external image light. In Patent Document 2, since the display element is arranged at a position optically conjugate with the liquid crystal shutter, the liquid crystal shutter sufficiently shields the light flux from the outside that is incident on the pixel corresponding to the display image because of the difficulty in alignment. It becomes difficult to do. That is, it becomes difficult to match the image displayed on the display surface of the display element and the image formed on the shutter surface corresponding thereto, and the display image is not easy to see. There is also a problem that the brightness is halved because the image is synthesized using a half mirror.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a video display capable of ensuring the visibility of a display image with a simple configuration in a video display device for observing an external image and a display image displayed by a display element in the same field of view. It is an exemplary object to provide an apparatus.

  The video display device of the present invention is a video display device that displays an external image and a display image within the same field of view, and is laminated on the display device for displaying the display image, and from the external environment, A dimming element that adjusts the transmission amount of the luminous flux reaching the display element for each pixel of the display element, and a luminous flux of the dimming element in a portion corresponding to the display image when the display element displays the display image Control means for controlling the driving of the display element and the light control element so as to reduce the amount of transmission.

  According to the present invention, in a video display device for observing an external image and a display image displayed by a display element in the same field of view, a video display capable of ensuring the visibility of the display image with a simple configuration. An apparatus can be provided.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the image display device of the present invention. Example 1 (Example 1) which is a figure which shows the image displayed on the video display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the modification of the video display apparatus shown in FIG. Example 1 FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a pixel region of the display element shown in FIG. Example 1 It is a block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the video display apparatus shown in FIG. Example 1 It is an optical path diagram of the image display device of the present invention. (Example 2) FIG. 7 is a perspective view and a partial transmission side view of image inverting means for observing the virtual image shown in FIG. 6 as an erect image. (Example 2) It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the liquid crystal shutter shown in FIG. 6, and the pixel of a display element. (Example 2) It is an optical path diagram of the image display device of the present invention. (Example 3) It is a fragmentary sectional view of the image display device of the present invention. Example 4 It is a fragmentary sectional view of the image display device of the present invention. (Example 5)

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The video display device of the present invention is a video display device for observing an external scene (external image) and a display image displayed by a display element in the same visual field. For example, the video display device is a display device that displays video on a transparent display in a non-display state. Alternatively, the video display device can be applied to a head-up display that projects and displays speed information or the like on a windshield of an automobile, an optical see-through head-mounted display that observes computer graphics or the like superimposed on an external image, and the like.

  Hereinafter, the video display device 1A according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1A is a partial cross-sectional view of the video display device 1A according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the operation thereof. The video display device 1A includes a liquid crystal shutter 2A that controls transmission and shading of light from the outside and the like, and a display element 3A that is provided so as to be stacked (physically adjacent).

  In the present embodiment, some components of the liquid crystal shutter 2A and the display element 3A are used in common and are integrated with each other, but such a structure is also called “lamination”. Therefore, the liquid crystal shutter 2A and the display element 3A may not be separated. Of course, both may be separated as shown in FIG.

  The liquid crystal shutter 2A is a liquid crystal shutter of a method generally used for transmitting and shielding light beams, but may not be completely shielded from light. That is, a light control element configured to adjust the amount of light transmitted from the outside world to the display element 3A is sufficient, and adjustment includes dimming and shading. The liquid crystal shutter 2 </ b> A includes a liquid crystal 7 and transparent electrodes (second transparent electrodes) 6 and 8 that can be applied with a voltage for changing the polarization direction of the liquid crystal 7 and are provided for each pixel so as to sandwich the liquid crystal 7. The liquid crystal shutter 2A further includes a pair of transparent glass members (second glass members) 5 and 9 and polarizing plates 4 and 10 provided so as to sandwich them. Needless to say, any one of the transparent electrodes 6 and 8 may be integrated as a common electrode, and the pixel structure described above may not be formed.

  The liquid crystal shutter 2A is in an open state where light is transmitted in an OFF operation state in which no voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 6 and 8, and the characteristics of the liquid crystal 7 and the polarizing plates 4 and 10 are shielded in an ON operation state in which a voltage is applied. Is structured.

  In the display element 3A, transparent electrodes (first transparent electrodes) 12 and 14 having a pixel structure are arranged to face each other through transparent insulating layers 11 and 15 so as to sandwich a substantially transparent light emitting layer 13 therebetween. EL (electroluminescence) that causes the light emitting layer 13 to emit light by applying a voltage to the transparent electrodes 12 and 14 is used. Reference numeral 16 denotes a glass member having transparency. Thus, the display element 3A is a transmissive display element. The transparent electrodes 12 and 14 are sandwiched between the pair of first glass members 9 and 16. In FIG. 1, the glass member 9 that is one of the pair of first glass members 9 and 16 is a pair of second glass members. Also serves as one of the glass members. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the number of components and reduce the size in the optical axis direction.

  Note that although a self-luminous display element is used in this embodiment, a display element that emits light by external light can also be used in the present invention.

  In the OFF state in which no voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 6a and 8a of the liquid crystal shutter 2A and the transparent electrodes 12a and 14a of the display element 3A provided at the corresponding positions, the liquid crystal shutter 2A is in the open state and the display element 3A is in the transparent state. It has become. Accordingly, the external light La passes through the video display device 1A as it is.

  In the ON state in which a voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 6b, 8b and 6c, 8c of the liquid crystal shutter 2A, the liquid crystal shutter 2A is closed and the external light Lb, Lc is shielded. At this time, when a voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 12b and 14b of the display element 3A at a position corresponding to this, the light emitting layer 13 in the region corresponding to 12b and 14b emits light and emits display light Ld.

  When the liquid crystal shutter 2A is closed and no voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes 12c and 14c of the display element 3A, the regions of the transparent electrodes 12c and 14c remain transparent, but the shutter 2 is shielded from light. Therefore, the external light Lc is shielded and the external image cannot be seen.

  The liquid crystal shutter 2A is stacked on the display element 3A. That is, unlike Patent Document 2, it is not arranged at an optically conjugate position. For this reason, the accuracy of shielding the light flux from the outside that is incident on the pixel corresponding to the display image with the liquid crystal shutter is improved, and the display image is sufficiently easy to see (for example, it is possible to sufficiently prevent the display image from being seen through). Can also). Also, the laminated structure eliminates the need for an image compositing means using a half mirror as in Patent Document 2, so that the problem of insufficient light quantity can be solved.

  FIG. 2 shows the state of the visual field region 20 of the video display device 1A when the liquid crystal shutter 2A and the display element 3A are operated as described above. The cylindrical region 20a where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal shutter 2A and the transparent electrode of the display element 3A is substantially transparent, and an external image including the external image 20b can be directly seen. The external image 20b includes an arrow shape, a horizontal line, and other backgrounds.

  When a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode in the region indicated by 20c of the display element 3A, the light emitting layer in the region corresponding to the display element 20c emits light, and the cylindrical image 20c can be viewed as a display image. At this time, if the area of the liquid crystal shutter 2A corresponding to the area of the cylindrical image 20c is closed, the external light can be blocked, so that the image can be displayed without being affected by the external image light. That is, it is possible to display a case where the luminance of the image in the light emitting region is low or a black state where light is not emitted.

  Here, in order to increase the transmission efficiency of external image light that passes through the display element 3A, a transparent portion is provided in a part of the region of the pixel 29 constituting the display element 3A, for example, as shown in FIG. It can also be set as the structure which becomes 29a and the transparent part 29b.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the video display device 1A. In the figure, 21 is an image generation circuit. The image generation circuit 21 sends a video signal 21 a such as CG (computer graphics) and a control signal 21 b for controlling the timing of the video signal to the controller circuit (control means) 22. The image generation circuit 21 may have a configuration using a personal computer or a configuration using a device for supplying recorded images such as a DVD player.

  The controller circuit 22 does not apply a voltage to the liquid crystal 7 to the pixel corresponding to the region 20a of FIG. 2 of the display element 3A so that the display element 3A displays a display image, but applies a voltage to the pixel corresponding to the cylindrical image 20c. The driving of the light emitting layer 13 is controlled so that is applied. The control circuit 22 also includes the display element 3A and the liquid crystal shutter so that the amount of light transmitted through the liquid crystal shutter 2A corresponding to the pixel displaying the cylindrical image 20c is reduced when the display element 3A displays the cylindrical image 20c. 2A drive is controlled. Note that “decreasing” the transmission amount includes zero (light shielding).

  More specifically, the controller circuit 22 sends the video signal 22a and the control signal 22c to the display element drive circuit 23, and the display element drive circuit 23 sends the drive signal 23a and the control signal to the display element 3A to drive the display element 3A. Send 23b. Thereby, an image such as CG generated by the image generation circuit 21 is displayed on the display element 3A.

  On the other hand, the controller circuit 22 sends a shutter drive signal 22b and a control signal 22d to the liquid crystal shutter drive circuit 24 so as to close a display area corresponding to an image such as CG generated by the image generation circuit 21. In response to this, the liquid crystal shutter drive circuit 24 sends a drive signal 24a and a control signal 24b to the liquid crystal shutter 2A to operate the shutter in the image area.

  By blocking the light flux of the external field image in the area corresponding to the display area by the liquid crystal shutter 2A, it is possible to display an image in a black state or a low brightness state without being affected by the external field image. In addition, by changing the voltage applied to the transparent electrodes 6 and 8 of the liquid crystal shutter 2A, the transmittance of the external light transmitted through the liquid crystal shutter 2A is changed corresponding to the display image, and the display image is seen through the external environment. You can also see it superimposed on the image.

  It is desirable to provide the liquid crystal shutter 2A as close as possible to the display element 3A in order to shield the external light by the liquid crystal shutter 2A corresponding to each pixel of the display element 3A. In the video display device 1A, the liquid crystal shutter 2A and the display element 3A are integrated. However, as shown in FIG. 3, a transparent glass member 17 is added to the display element 3A to form the display element 3B. It may be a separate body.

  In the above embodiment, liquid crystal is used as the element having the shutter function. However, any element capable of adjusting the external light for each pixel corresponding to the pixel of the display image may be used, and may be an electrochromic element or the like. May be.

  Hereinafter, the video display device 1 </ b> C according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, the image displayed on the display element is directly observed with the eyes. However, in the second embodiment, the image displayed on the display element is provided with the eyepiece optical system 32 arranged on the emission side of the display element. Observe through. FIG. 6 is an optical path diagram of the image display device 1C according to the second embodiment.

  In FIG. 6, reference numeral 31 denotes an imaging optical system that is arranged on the incident side of the liquid crystal shutter 2C and forms an external image 30a as 30b on the display surface of the display element 3C of the video display device 1C. The external image 30a is formed as 30b on the display surface of the display element 3C via the liquid crystal shutter 2C of the video display device 1C. The external image 30b formed on the display surface of the display element 3C or the image displayed on the display surface of the display element 3C is observed by the observer 36 as a virtual image 30c by the eyepiece optical system 32.

  As described in the first embodiment, the liquid crystal shutter 2C laminated on the outside of the display element 3C is operated in accordance with the display image of the display element 3C, and the transmission and shielding of the light flux of the outside image are controlled. The influence of external image light on the image displayed on the display element 3C can be controlled.

  Here, when the incident angle of the incident light L1 from the external image 30a to the imaging optical system 31 is θ1, and the emission angle of the emitted light L2 from the eyepiece optical system 32 is θ2, the incident angle θ1 and the emission angle θ2 are equal. Thus, the imaging optical system 31 and the eyepiece optical system 32 are configured. Thereby, the external image 30a can be observed as a virtual image 30c at the same magnification.

  In Example 2, as shown in FIG. 6, the virtual image 30c observed by the observer 36 with respect to the external image 30a is an image that is inverted vertically and horizontally. In order to observe this as an erect image in the same direction as the external image, for example, it can be realized by a general method using the plane mirrors 37, 38, 39, and 40 shown in FIGS. FIGS. 7A and 7B are a perspective view and a partially transmissive side view showing a configuration for observing the virtual image 30 as an erect image.

  Thereby, the emitted light L3 from the eyepiece optical system is inverted in the left-right direction by the plane mirrors 37, 38 arranged at right angles to each other in the horizontal direction, and further, by the plane mirrors 39, 40 arranged at right angles to each other in the vertical direction. Inverted vertically.

  In this embodiment, since the external image 30a is formed on the display element via the imaging optical system 32, the positional relationship between the liquid crystal shutter 2C and the display element 3C is different from that of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the liquid crystal shutter 2C and the pixel of the display element 3C in the second embodiment. The pixel pitch of the display element 3C is P, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal shutter 2C is P1, the distance between the light emitting surface 3Ca of the display element 3C and the shutter surface 2Ca of the liquid crystal shutter 2C is b, and the rear focal distance of the imaging optical system 31 Is f. When the amount of deviation between the pixels of the display element 3C and the liquid crystal shutter 2C at the pixel at the nth position from the center of the image is d, the following equation is established.

The light emitting surface 3Ca is the position of the light emitting layer of the display element 3C (light emitting layer 13 in Example 1), and the liquid crystal shutter surface 2Ca is the position of the liquid crystal surface of the liquid crystal shutter 2C (liquid crystal 7 in Example 1). . Actually, the light emitting layer and the liquid crystal surface have a thickness of several μm to several tens of μm, but the thickness of the light emitting surface and the liquid crystal layer is ignored because it is sufficiently smaller than a display element and a liquid crystal shutter having a thickness of several mm. Can think.
(Equation 1)
d = n · P · b / f
Further, since the pixel pitch P1 of the liquid crystal shutter 2C satisfies the following equation,
(Equation 2)
P1 = (n · P−d) / n
From Equations 1 and 2, the pixel pitch P1 of the liquid crystal shutter 2C is expressed by the following equation.
(Equation 3)
P1 = P (1-b / f)
The center of the display element 3C and the central portion n of the liquid crystal shutter 2C are made to coincide with each other so that the pixel pitch P of the display element 3C and the pixel pitch P1 of the liquid crystal shutter 2C satisfy Expression 3. Are stacked so as to generate a shift amount d.

  The relationship between the pixel pitch and the arrangement of the display element 3C and the liquid crystal shutter 2C described above is described in the vertical direction, but is the same in the horizontal direction, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 9, a video display device 1C according to the third embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, an intermediate image 45b of the external image 45a is formed, and then an external image 45c is formed on the display surface of the display element 3C of the video display device 1C by the imaging optical system 46. .

  Since the external image 45c formed on the display element surface is formed as an erect image, the virtual image 45d observed by the eyepiece optical system 47 is observed in the same direction as the external image 45a, and the image inverting means shown in FIG. 7 is unnecessary. It is.

  In order for the external image 45a and the virtual image 45d to be observed at the same magnification, as described in the second embodiment, the incident angle θ1 of the external image to the imaging optical system 46 and the exit angle θ2 from the eyepiece optical system 47 are as follows. The imaging optical system 46 and the eyepiece optical system 47 need to be configured to be equal.

  The positional relationship between the liquid crystal shutter 2C of the video display device 1C of the present embodiment and the pixels of the display element 3C satisfies Formula 3, and the video display device 1C of the present embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 10, a video display device 1 </ b> D according to the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 10A is a partial cross-sectional view of the video display device 1D according to the fourth embodiment. The liquid crystal shutter 2D and the display element 3D have the same structure as the first and second embodiments. The present embodiment is an imaging optical system that forms an external image on the display element surface, and an eyepiece optical system that observes the external image formed on the display element surface or the image displayed on the display element surface. A microlens array is used. Note that at least one of the imaging optical system and the eyepiece optical system may have a microlens array corresponding to a lens for each pixel, and both the imaging optical system and the eyepiece optical system have such a microlens array. May be.

  In FIG. 10A, reference numeral 51 denotes a microlens array constituting an image forming optical system for forming an external image on the display surface of the display element 3D. Reference numeral 53 denotes a light shielding mask having an opening 53a for suppressing a decrease in contrast due to unnecessary light, but it is not essential for the configuration and can be omitted. Reference numeral 55 denotes a microlens array constituting an eyepiece optical system for observing an image displayed on the display element 3D or an external image formed on the display element surface. Each lens of the microlens arrays 51 and 55 is provided so as to correspond to at least one pixel of the liquid crystal shutter 2D and the display element 3D.

  When the pixel 52a of the liquid crystal shutter 2D is in the OFF state, the pixel 52a of the liquid crystal shutter 2D is in the open state as described in the first embodiment. Therefore, the light beam L5 from the external image passes through the pixel 52a of the liquid crystal shutter 2D, passes through the opening 53a of the light shielding mask 53 provided corresponding thereto, and is displayed by the microlens 51a for image formation on the display element 3D. The image is formed on the corresponding pixel 54a.

  If the pixel 54a of the display element 3D is in the OFF state, the light beam L5 from the external field image passes through the pixel 54a of the display element 3D as it is and is imaged on the retina of the observer's eye 36 by the eyepiece microlens 55a. . That is, an external image can be observed through the video display device 50.

  In the pixel 52b in which the liquid crystal shutter 2D is ON, the liquid crystal shutter 2D is in a closed state, so that the light flux L6 from the outside is blocked by the liquid crystal shutter 2D. At this time, if the pixel 54b of the display element corresponding to the liquid crystal shutter 2Db is turned on, the pixel 54b emits light and emits a display image light beam L7. The display image light beam L7 is imaged on the retina of the observer's eye 36 by the eyepiece microlens 55b corresponding to the pixel 54b of the display element 3D.

  As described above, the liquid crystal shutter 2D laminated on the outside side of the display element 3D is operated in accordance with the display image of the display element 3D, and the transmission and shading of the light flux of the outside image are controlled to display the display element 3D. The influence of external image light on the image can be controlled.

  FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship among the microlens arrays 51 and 55, the liquid crystal shutter 2D, and the display element 3D.

The pixel pitch of the display element 3D is P, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal shutter 2D is P1, the lens pitch of the microlens array 51 is P2, and the lens pitch of the microlens array 55 is P3. The distance between the display element 3D and the liquid crystal shutter 2D is b1, and the distance between the display element 3D and the microlens arrays 51 and 55 is b2 and b3, respectively. Further, the shift amount between the pixel of the display element and the pixel of the liquid crystal shutter in the nth pixel from the center is d1, and similarly, the shift amount of the nth lens from the center of the microlens array 51 and the microlens array 55 with respect to the display element is set. Let d2 and d3 respectively. Further, when the distance from the display element 3D to the pupil position 36a of the observer's eye 36 is e, the shift amount d1 of the nth pixel from the center of the display element 3D and the liquid crystal shutter 2D becomes f in Formula 1 as e. It is given by the following equation.
(Equation 4)
d1 = n · P · b1 / e
Similarly, the shift amounts of the nth lens from the center of the microlens arrays 51 and 55 with respect to the display element 3D are given by the following equations, respectively.
(Equation 5)
d2 = n · P · b2 / e
(Equation 6)
d3 = n · P · b3 / e
The pixel pitch P1 of the liquid crystal shutter 32 is given by the following equation.
(Equation 7)
P1 = (n · P + d1) / n
From Equations 4 and 7, the pixel pitch P1 of the liquid crystal shutter 2D is given by the following equation.
(Equation 8)
P1 = P (1 + b1 / e)
Similarly, the pitches P2 and P3 of the microlens arrays 51 and 55 are given by the following equations, respectively.
(Equation 9)
P2 = P (1 + b2 / e)
(Equation 10)
P3 = P (1-b3 / e)
The liquid crystal shutter 2D and the microlens arrays 51 and 55 with respect to the display element 3D use the pitch shown above, the center n = 1 and the center of the lens coincide with each other, and the above-described deviation amount occurs at the outer end. Laminate to

  As shown in FIG. 10B, the pixel center of the display element 3D, the aperture center of the liquid crystal shutter 2D, and the lens centers of the microlens arrays 51 and 55 are the center of these and the pupil center of the observer's pupil position 36a. It is located on a substantially straight line (indicated by g).

  If the distance e between the observer's pupil position 36a and the display element 3D is 20 mm and the resolution of the pixels of the display element 3D at that time is 4 minutes, the pixel pitch P of the display element 3D is 23 μm.

  The distance b1 between the display element 3D and the liquid crystal shutter 2D, the distance b2 between the display element 3D and the microlens array 51, and the distance b3 between the display element 3D and the microlens array 55 are 0.5 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1 mm, respectively. Then, the pixel pitch P1 of the liquid crystal shutter 2D is P1 = 23.6 μm from Expression 8, the lens pitch P2 of the microlens array 51 is Expression 9 to P2 = 24.7 μm, and the lens pitch P3 of the microlens array 55 is Expression 10 to P3. = 21.9 μm.

  As in the second embodiment, the positional relationship between the liquid crystal shutter 2D and the microlens arrays 51 and 55 with respect to the display element 3D described above is described with respect to the vertical direction. The same is true.

  The pixel structure of the display element 3D is the structure shown in FIG. 4, and the imaging position of the external field image with respect to the display element 3D by the microlens array 51 is the transparent portion 29b, thereby increasing the transmission efficiency of the external image light and It can be brighter.

At this time, the light emission position of the display element 3D with respect to the microlens array 55 and the image formation position of the external image light are deviated, and the deviation amount at the pupil position 36a with respect to this deviation is D. When the lens diameter of the microlens array 55 is 21.9 μm, the distance between the display element 3D and the microlens array 55 is 1 mm, and the distance between the microlens 55 and the pupil is 19 mm (= 20 mm−1 mm), the deviation amount D is expressed by the following equation: Given in. Therefore, since it is smaller than the pupil diameter (usually about 4 mm), neither the external image light nor the display light enters the pupil and the image does not become vignetting.
(Equation 11)
D = 0.438 mm (= 20 mm × 21.9 μm / 1 mm)
According to the fourth embodiment, external image light is imaged on the display element surface by the microlens 51, and is imaged on the retina of the observer's eye for each pixel by the microlens 55, and it is necessary to invert the image. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the optical system in the optical axis direction and to reduce the size of the apparatus.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 11, a video display device 1 </ b> E according to the fifth embodiment will be described. The video display device 1E includes a pair of video display devices 1EL and 1ER corresponding to the left and right eyes 36L and 36R of the observer. FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the video display device 1E according to the fifth embodiment. Since the interval between the video display devices 1EL and 1ER needs to be adjusted to the eye width h of the observer, it is determined regardless of the video display device.

  If an attempt is made to increase the horizontal angle of view α of the video display device, the left and right video display devices interfere at the center. This becomes particularly noticeable as the distance from the observer increases in the optical axis direction.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the microlens array 61 that forms an external image on the display element surface can be used in common in the left and right in the interference region indicated by A (shaded portion) in the figure, thereby ensuring a large angle of view. Yes. Furthermore, the observation position can be adjusted according to the eye width of the observer.

  Each video display device includes a liquid crystal shutter 2E, a display element 3E, and an eyepiece microlens array 64, and each of the two video display devices excluding the imaging optical system is parallel to the direction in which the microlens array 61 extends. It has a means to move. The liquid crystal shutter 2E, the display element 3E, and the micro lens array 64 have the same configuration as the liquid crystal shutter 2D, the display element 3D, and the micro lens array 55.

Since the lens pitch P4 of the microlens array 61 is constant, the positional relationship between the left and right image display devices and the microlens array 61 is the same as long as they move in the directions of arrows B and C in units of the pitch P4. Assuming that the initial eye width is h0 and the observer's eye width is h, the left and right image display devices are moved in the directions of arrows B or C so as to satisfy It can be adjusted to the eye width.
(Equation 12)
(H−h0) / 2 = P4 × n
As mentioned above, although the preferable Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these Examples, A various deformation | transformation and change are possible within the range of the summary.

  The video display device can be applied to various displays such as a head-mounted display and a head-up display.

1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E Video display device 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E Liquid crystal shutter (dimming element)
3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E Display element 22 Controller circuit (control means)

Claims (8)

A video display device that displays an external image and a display image within the same field of view,
A transmissive display element for displaying the display image;
A dimming element that is stacked on the display element and adjusts the amount of transmitted light from the outside to the display element for each pixel of the display element;
Control means for controlling driving of the display element and the dimming element so that a transmission amount of a light beam of the dimming element corresponding to the display image is reduced when the display element displays the display image; ,
A video display device comprising: The display element includes a light emitting layer, a first transparent electrode provided for each pixel so as to sandwich the light emitting layer so as to drive the light emitting layer, and a pair of first electrodes sandwiching the first transparent electrode. A glass member,
The light control device includes a second transparent electrode provided for each pixel so as to sandwich the liquid crystal so as to drive the liquid crystal, and a pair of second glass members that sandwich the second transparent electrode. The video display device according to claim 1.   The video display device according to claim 2, wherein one of the pair of first glass members also serves as the second glass member.   4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an imaging optical system disposed on an incident side of the light control element, and an eyepiece optical system disposed on an emission side of the display element. 5. The video display device described.   The video display apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising means for inverting a virtual image formed by the eyepiece optical system into an erect image.   The video display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the imaging optical system and the eyepiece optical system includes a microlens array corresponding to a lens for each pixel. Each of the imaging optical system and the eyepiece optical system has a microlens array corresponding to a lens for each pixel,
For a certain pixel, the straight line connecting the lens center of the microlens constituting the imaging optical system, the aperture center of the light control element, the pixel center of the display element, and the lens center of the microlens constituting the eyepiece optical system is a pupil. The video display device according to claim 4, wherein the video display device passes through a position. An image forming optical system for forming the external image on the display element;
The imaging optical system has a microlens array corresponding to a lens for each pixel,
Two video display devices are provided for each of the left and right eyes of the observer,
The microlens constituting the imaging optical system is provided in common for the left and right eyes of the observer,
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for moving each of the two image display devices excluding the imaging optical system in parallel with a direction in which the microlens of the imaging optical system extends. 2. The video display device according to item 1.