JP2013044771A - Display body and article with display body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display body in which a directional scattering structure is used for a display element and a three-dimensional vision according to an integral photography scheme is enabled, and to provide an article with the display body with which a plurality of different three-dimensional images can be observed.SOLUTION: At a focal position of a lens in a lens formation layer where a plurality of lens arrays are arranged, a display body is accomplished in which a display element is formed by a directional scattering structure having a plurality of different light scattering axes. Thus, the display body is accomplished with which a three-dimensional regenerative image which is made different in accordance with an observation direction of the display body can be observed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a display body capable of stereoscopic viewing and an article with a display body capable of stereoscopic viewing.

  It is desired that counterfeiting is difficult for authentication items such as cash cards, credit cards and passports, and securities such as gift certificates. Therefore, conventionally, a hologram that is difficult to counterfeit or counterfeit and is easy to distinguish from counterfeit or counterfeit is attached to such articles in order to suppress counterfeiting or counterfeiting.

  Holograms have been used in many ways due to the difficulty of counterfeiting and alteration, which has excellent design characteristics and cannot be duplicated even in a color copying machine. However, in recent years, sophisticated counterfeits have appeared in holograms, and there are cases where it is difficult to determine authenticity at first glance.

  In addition to holography, various methods have been developed as a stereoscopic display technology. In the binocular stereoscopic image display method, a parallax image between the left eye image and the right eye image is used, and polarized glasses or a polarization switching shutter is attached, and images corresponding to the respective eyes are respectively displayed. This is a method of presenting to a corresponding eye and displaying a three-dimensional image to an observer.

  This binocular stereoscopic image display method has a feature that a three-dimensional image can be easily displayed with a relatively small amount of information. However, when a three-dimensional image is reproduced and displayed, the eyes of both eyes of the observer are displayed. Is moving or rotating, the convergence position where the line of sight intersects is different from the focal position where the lens of the eyeball is focused, causing visual fatigue (for example, 3D sickness etc.) due to this difference in position. .

  Further, there is an integral photography (IP) method as a method for reproducing a three-dimensional image in a space without using time division. In this IP system, an observer 3 can observe a three-dimensional three-dimensional reproduction image 4 by observing the display element 2 through a minute lens array 1 as shown in FIG.

  As a method for realizing IP, there are a method using a fly-eye lens in which minute convex lenses are two-dimensionally arranged and a method using a pinhole array in which the convex lenses are replaced with pinholes. It is clear from the example of a pinhole camera that a convex lens can be replaced by a pinhole. In addition, when the lens is sufficiently thin, light passing through the center of the convex lens can be regarded as going straight, so that the convex lens and the pinhole are functionally equivalent.

  Then, behind the convex lens array or the pinhole array, a display element that is a source of stereoscopic display is placed at the position of the focal length of the lens array. One display element is composed of many element elements, and one element element corresponds to one lens. The element element may be an analog image or a digital image such as a liquid crystal monitor.

  The IP method does not require special glasses used in the above-described binocular stereoscopic image display method, and has parallax both in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction. Since this integral photography method is an aerial image reproduction method, it is possible to display a natural three-dimensional image similar to the actual observation.

  In recent years, anti-counterfeiting display bodies using an integral photography system using a fine lens structure have been developed and actually adopted for Korean banknotes, and the countries where they are adopted are expanding.

  In stereoscopic viewing by the IP method, a feeling of depth can be generated by adjusting the magnification rate of display elements having a minute pattern (see, for example, Patent Document 1). A conventional product has a configuration in which a printing layer having a display element having a fine pattern and a spherical or aspherical microlens are combined. The pitch of the lens is limited to some extent by the pitch at which the micropatterns are arranged. Depending on the balance with the lens function, the display body may have a thickness of several tens of μm or more. Micropatterns by printing have been miniaturized due to advances in printing technology, but are still often relatively simple in shape.

  Such a three-dimensional display body can be used for various articles by being a seal or being squeezed into paper (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2010-79308 A JP 2009-86041 A

  The present invention has been made based on the above-described background, and an object thereof is to provide a display body capable of stereoscopic viewing in an integral photography system using a directional scattering structure as a display element.

  Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the articles | goods with a display body which can observe a several different three-dimensional image.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a lens forming layer in which a plurality of regularly arranged lenses are arranged on one surface, and a plurality of display elements provided corresponding to each lens at a focal position of the lens. A display body based on the integral photography method, in which a light beam emitted from the plurality of display elements displays a three-dimensional image by a light beam group formed through the corresponding lenses And at least one part or all of the said display element consists of a directional scattering structure which consists of a some linear convex part and / or recessed part which arranged the light reflection layer.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least a part or all of the display elements express characters, symbols, patterns, etc., and the arrangement pitch of the plurality of lenses and the arrangement pitch of the plurality of display elements are It is characterized by being different.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the image according to claim 1, wherein the directional scattering structure has a plurality of light scattering axis directions, and the directional scattering structures have the same light scattering axis direction. The display elements are arranged so as to achieve the following.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the display element according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the directional scattering structure having the same light scattering axis direction is used to form a plurality of different display images of characters, symbols, pictures, and the like. Is arranged.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects, the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions are randomly arranged.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the plurality of display elements include a plurality of cells, and the length of one side of the cell is 145 μm or less.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the display element forming surface of the display layer and the non-lens forming surface of the lens forming layer are arranged to face each other.

  The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that the non-pattern forming surface of the display layer and the non-lens forming surface of the lens forming layer are arranged to face each other.

  The invention according to a ninth aspect is characterized in that, in the first to eighth aspects, an adhesive layer is provided between the display layer and the lens forming layer.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that an article with a display body is configured by using the display body according to claims 1 to 9.

  The present invention is a display body based on the IP system using a directional scattering structure as a display element, and the observer visually recognizes different images depending on the viewing direction by using the directional scattering structure for the display element. It is possible to increase the number of display image variations by configuring the display element with the directional scattering structure having a plurality of light scattering axis directions.

  Furthermore, since the directional scattering structure can be formed on the display layer having a thickness of about several microns, the thickness of the display body can be reduced, and the thickness of the article including the display body can also be reduced. It becomes possible to do.

It is the perspective view which showed the display body which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the cross section in the X-X 'line | wire in FIG. It is the figure which showed paraxial imaging in a refractive spherical surface. It is the figure which showed the orientation direction and the light-scattering axis in a directional scattering area | region. It is a conceptual diagram when observing the light inject | emitted from a directional scattering structure. It is the figure shown in order to demonstrate the relationship between the display body by this invention, and a three-dimensional reproduction image. It is the figure which showed an example of the observation form of the display body by this invention. It is the figure which showed another example of the observation form of the display body by this invention. It is the figure which carried out the cross section and showed the display body which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which cut and showed the principal part of Example 1 based on the display body which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed an example of the directional scattering structure in Example 1 of FIG. It is the figure which showed an example of the observation form of the display body of FIG. It is the figure which showed the concept of the stereoscopic vision by an integral photography system.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are preferred specific examples of the present invention, and various technically preferred limitations are given. However, the scope of the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. Unless there is a statement to the effect, it is not limited to these forms.

  FIG. 1 shows a display according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a cross section taken along line X-X ′ of FIG. That is, a plurality of lenses 6 are formed in the lens forming layer 5, and the display layer 7 is disposed at the focal length F of the plurality of lenses 6 below the lens forming layer 5. A part of the display layer 7 is formed with a directional scattering structure 8 composed of a plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions. A light reflection layer 9 is disposed on the display layer 7.

  Here, each layer will be described in detail.

  As the lens forming layer 5, for example, a thermoplastic resin material such as an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a styrene resin, and an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin or an ultraviolet curable resin can be used. As a material for the lens forming layer 5, instead of using a resin, an inorganic material containing a silicate may be used.

  The plurality of lenses 6 are regularly arranged on one main surface of the lens forming layer 5. The plurality of lenses 6 can be arranged in a lattice shape such as a square lattice, a rectangular lattice, or a triangular lattice, for example. Here, as an example, the plurality of lenses 6 are arranged in a substantially square lattice shape.

  The plurality of lenses 6 are, for example, spherical lenses. The plurality of lenses 6 may be aspherical lenses or rectangular lenses. The spherical lens is a lens 6 having a surface made up of a part of a spherical surface. The aspherical lens is a lens 6 having a surface composed of a part of a spherical surface whose shape is slightly shifted.

  Further, the rectangular lens is a lens having a rectangular or square cross section parallel to the Z direction, and constitutes, for example, a lattice or striped lens array when observed from a direction parallel to the Z direction.

  When the plurality of lenses 6 are convex lenses such as a spherical lens and a specific spherical lens, the distance F from the focal point of the lens 6 to the display layer 7 can be obtained from the curvature radius R of the lens 6 and the refractive index n ′. . FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing paraxial imaging with a convex lens (refractive sphere).

Display from the vertex A of the convex lens, where n is the refractive index of the observer side, n ′ is the refractive index of the convex lens, A is the vertex of the convex lens, and R is the distance (curvature radius) from the vertex A to the center of curvature of the lens. The distance F to the layer 7 is

It can obtain | require by the type | formula.

  Usually, since the observer is in the air layer of n = 1.0, if the refractive index n ′ and the curvature radius R of the convex lens are determined, the distance F from the vertex A of the convex lens to the display layer 7 is naturally determined. It becomes.

  The plurality of lenses 6 can be formed, for example, by pressing a mold having a plurality of recesses against a resin. For example, the plurality of lenses 6 can be obtained by a method of pressing a mold having a concave portion corresponding to the lens 6 on the lens forming layer 5 while applying heat, that is, a heat embossing method.

  The lens forming layer 5 may be disposed on a transparent substrate. Examples of the transparent substrate include light transmissive materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and triacetyl cellulose (TAC). A film or a sheet made of a resin having the above is suitable.

  When the lens forming layer 5 is disposed on the transparent substrate, an ultraviolet curable resin or the like is applied as the lens forming layer 5, and the ultraviolet curable resin is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays while pressing the mold. Then, it is possible to form by a method of removing the mold.

  As the material of the display layer 7, for example, a light transmissive resin can be used. For example, a resin having visible light transparency such as acrylic, polycarbonate, epoxy, polyethylene, and polypropylene can be used. Among them, for example, when a thermoplastic resin or a photocurable resin is used, the display layer 7 having the directional scattering structure 8 on one surface can be easily transferred by using the original plate on which the directional scattering structure 8 is formed. Can be produced.

  The display layer 7 only needs to have a sufficient transmittance for at least some wavelengths of visible light, and a dye or the like that absorbs a specific wavelength band may be added. In that case, the portion visible through the display layer 7 appears colored.

  Moreover, the display layer 7 may be arranged on some kind of base material. For example, a film or sheet made of a resin having optical transparency such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), or triacetyl cellulose (TAC) is suitable. As the base material, an inorganic material such as glass may be used.

  Furthermore, the base material may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure. Furthermore, treatments such as antireflection treatment, low antireflection treatment, hard coat treatment, antistatic treatment, and antifouling treatment may be performed.

  Next, the directional scattering structure 8 formed on the display layer 7 will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the directional scattering region 10, and the directional scattering region 10 includes a plurality of directional scattering structures 8. Each of the plurality of directional scattering structures 8 is a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions each having a linear shape and aligned in the directional scattering region 10. That is, in the directional scattering region 10, the directional scattering structures 8 are arranged almost in parallel.

  In the directional scattering region 10, the directional scattering structures 8 may not be arranged completely in parallel. As long as the directional scattering region 10 has sufficient light scattering ability anisotropy, in the directional scattering region 10, for example, the longitudinal direction of some directional scattering structures 8 and some other directivities. The longitudinal direction of the scattering structure 8 may intersect. Hereinafter, of the directions parallel to the main surface of the directional scattering region 10, the direction in which the directional scattering region 10 exhibits the minimum light scattering ability is referred to as “orientation direction”, and the directional scattering region 10 has the maximum light scattering ability. The direction indicating is called “light scattering axis”.

  In the directional scattering region 10 shown in FIG. 4, the direction indicated by the arrow 12b is the orientation direction, and the direction indicated by the arrow 12a is the light scattering axis. For example, when the directional scattering region 10 is illuminated by the illumination light source 14 from an oblique direction perpendicular to the orientation direction 12b and the directional scattering region 10 is observed from the front, the directional scattering region 10 is caused by its high light scattering ability. And it looks relatively bright. On the other hand, when the directional scattering region 10 is illuminated from an oblique direction perpendicular to the light scattering axis 12a and the directional scattering region 10 is observed from the front, the directional scattering region 10 is caused by its low light scattering ability. Looks relatively dark.

  As is clear from this, for example, when the directional scattering region 10 is illuminated from an oblique direction and is observed from the front, when the directional scattering region 10 is rotated around the normal direction, the brightness is increased. Change.

  Here, as an example, a case where the observer 3 observes the directional scattering region 10 with the positional relationship as shown in FIG. 5 will be described. When the light scattering axis 12a and the orientation direction 12b of the directional scattering region 10 are as shown in FIG. 5, the observer 3 emits the directional scattered light 13 exhibiting the maximum light scattering ability in the direction of the light scattering axis 12a. Can be observed.

  Here, when the directional scattering region 10 is arranged in a pattern of characters, symbols, marks, etc., the observer 3 observes the characters, symbols, marks, etc. formed in the directional scattering region 10. be able to.

  When the observer 3 rotates the direction of the directional scattering region 10 by 90 ° with the positional relationship shown in FIG. 5, the light scattering axis 12a also rotates 90 ° by itself, so that the observer 3 observes the directional scattered light 13. The observer 3 cannot observe the characters, symbols, marks, etc. formed in the directional scattering region 10.

  That is, by providing a plurality of directional scattering regions 10 having different light scattering axes 12a, a difference in brightness can be generated between them. Therefore, an image can be displayed by this. In particular, when the angle difference between the light scattering axes 12a is sufficiently (eg, orthogonal), the images displayed in the respective regions can be observed under different observation conditions.

  The brightness of the directional scattering region 10 can be controlled by other methods. For example, the greater the width of the directional scattering structure 8, the smaller the light scattering ability in the direction of the light scattering axis 12a. On the other hand, when the directional scattering structure 8 is lengthened, the light scattering ability in the orientation direction 12b is reduced.

  The shape of the directional scattering structure 8 may be the same in one directional scattering region 10. Alternatively, one directional scattering region 10 may include a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions having different shapes.

  In the directional scattering region 10 including only the directional scattering structure 8 having the same shape, the light scattering ability can be easily designed. Further, such a directional scattering region 10 can be easily formed with high accuracy by using a fine processing apparatus such as an electron beam drawing apparatus or a stepper. On the other hand, according to the directional scattering region 10 including the directional scattering structures 11 having different shapes, scattered light having a gentle light intensity distribution can be obtained over a wide angular range. Therefore, a change in light and dark depending on the observation position is small, and a stable white color can be displayed.

  The directional scattering structure in the present invention is composed of a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions in which linear directions are aligned, and the interval between the convex portion and the convex portion or the concave portion and the concave portion is 1 μm or less, and the interval is random. It is supposed to take a value.

  Further, when the distance from the apex of the convex portion to the bottom of the concave portion is H and the depth of the directional scattering structure is H, the depth H is 1 μm or less and takes a random value.

  A directional scattering structure having a random pitch and depth H can be a pattern created using random numbers, so that a pattern that scatters light easily can be created using a computer.

  Based on the created pattern, it becomes possible to create a directional scattering structure by directly drawing using a device capable of fine processing such as an electron beam exposure device or an ion beam exposure device. When an electron beam exposure apparatus or the like is used, the depth H can be easily controlled by changing the amount of energy of the electron beam.

  In the present invention, the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions have a plurality of different spatial frequency components, and diffract white light so that a plurality of visible wavelengths can be simultaneously observed. This function realizes scattered light with directivity.

  When observing a display body, it is necessary to be able to express a stable white color in a wide viewing area even if the observation conditions such as the angle of the illumination light source and the observation position are different.

  However, in reality, the light emitted near the illumination light source is observed only under extremely inclined observation conditions, and the light component emitted near the specularly reflected light is a light having a strong specularly reflected light. Because it is dazzling, it is not suitable for observation.

  In the directional scattering structure of the present invention, the light that is not suitable for observation as described above is controlled by optimizing the spatial frequency component of the plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions, Observation light can be intensively emitted in a range suitable for observation.

  Mainly, if the intensity of the incident light is constant, the observer can observe a brighter image by selectively emitting the emitted light in an angle range suitable for observation.

  In the directional scattering structure of the present invention, when white light is incident at an incident angle of 0 degrees (normal direction of the display body), a spatial frequency component that emits light within a range of ± 10 degrees from the normal line; The spatial frequency component for emitting light within a range of ± 80 degrees or more from the normal is limited, and the emitted light is emitted only within a range suitable for normal observation. By limiting the spatial frequency, the intensity of the directional scattered light can be increased, and more effective image expression can be achieved.

  Further, the higher the degree of orientational order of the directional scattering structure 8, the greater the light scattering ability anisotropy of the directional scattering region 10.

  In the directional scattering region 10, the directional scattering structures 8 may be regularly arranged to some extent, or may be randomly arranged. For example, when the interval in the direction parallel to the light scattering axis 12a of the directional scattering structure 8 is made random, the light intensity distribution of the scattered light in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction 12b becomes gentle. Therefore, changes in whiteness and brightness according to the observation angle are suppressed.

  Further, if the interval between the directional scattering structures 8 is reduced in the direction parallel to the light scattering axis 12a, more incident light can be scattered, so that the light scattering ability anisotropy is not deteriorated. The intensity of light can be increased. For example, if the average interval of the directional scattering structures 8 in the direction parallel to the light scattering axis 12a is 10 μm or less, a light scattering intensity sufficient to realize a display with good visibility can be obtained.

  If the average interval is sufficiently small, when the directional scattering region 10 is composed of a plurality of cells, the size of the cells can be sufficiently set to about 145 μm. In this case, an image can be displayed with a fineness below the resolution of the human eye under normal observation conditions. That is, a sufficiently high-definition image can be displayed.

  Since the directional scattering region 10 is composed of a plurality of fine cells, it is possible to configure characters, symbols, marks, etc. as a collection of fine cells.

  Since the directional scattering region 10 in the present invention has a light scattering structure composed of a plurality of convex portions and / or concave portions having the same direction, it has a function of scattering white light under normal illumination conditions. Observed as a light gray light and saturated color.

  Next, the light reflection layer 9 disposed on the display layer 7 will be described.

  The light reflection layer 9 plays a role of increasing the reflectance of the interface of the display layer 7 provided with the directional scattering structure 8. As a material of the light reflection layer 9, for example, a metal material having a high reflectance such as aluminum, silver, and an alloy thereof can be used. In the display of the present invention, the light reflecting layer 9 is provided so as to cover at least a part of the directional scattering structure 8, but the directional scattering structure 8 not covered by the light reflecting layer 9 has a refractive index close to each other. By being covered with resin or the like, the optical function is not exerted assuming that there is no uneven structure.

  When the display body of the present invention is used as an object attached to an article or the like, the directional scattering structure 8 is covered with an adhesive layer or the like. Accordingly, only the portion covered by the light reflecting layer 9 exerts an optical action, and the portion not covered by the light reflecting layer 9 becomes a transparent region due to the high light transmittance of the display layer 7, so that the light reflecting The pattern can be expressed by the outer shape of the covering region of the layer 9, and more various displays are possible by arranging the directional scattering region 10 and the non-directional scattering region in the covering region of the light reflecting layer 9.

  As a method for producing the light reflecting layer 9 using a metal material, for example, it can be formed by a vapor deposition method such as a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method. The light reflecting layer 9 partially covering the display layer 7 is formed by, for example, forming a thin film by vapor deposition and dissolving a part thereof in a chemical or the like, or the adhesion between the thin film and the display layer 7 It can be obtained by peeling off a part of the thin film with an adhesive material exhibiting stronger adhesive strength to the previous thin film. The light reflecting layer 9 partially covering one main surface of the display layer 7 can also be formed by a vapor deposition method using a mask.

  Here, how the display body 20 looks in the present invention will be described in detail.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an image when observing the display body 20 according to the present invention. Since this is a simplified diagram, a gap is formed between the lens forming layer 5 and the display layer 7 that are originally in close contact with each other. ing.

  Here, when the observer 3 observes the display body 20 illuminated by the illumination light source 14, the observer 3 emits a real image that is emitted from the display elements 2 arranged in the display layer 7 and is formed hollow through the lens 6. Can be observed.

  This is because light emitted from one point on the focal plane (point light source) of the lens 6 travels as parallel light with the size of the lens 6 in a direction connecting the position of the point light source and the center of the lens 6 with a straight line. It depends. Based on this principle, if the light is collected from several parallel rays at one point in the three-dimensional space, and the light is observed from the traveling direction after the rays are gathered at one point, the rays are gathered for the observer 3. It seems that light is emitted from one point.

  If the points are connected on the surface using the above principle, a three-dimensional image can be projected in a three-dimensional space. The resolution (pixels) at that time is the size of the diameter of the lens 6.

  Usually, as the display element 2 of the display layer 7, a pattern such as a picture or a character formed with ink or the like by printing is often used.

  In the present invention, directivity is given to the stereoscopic reproduction image 4 that can be observed by arranging the directivity scattering region 10 including the directivity scattering structure 11 on the display element 2.

  FIG. 7A shows a view focusing on a part of the directional scattering structure 8. In FIG. 7A, the light emitted from the directional scattering structure 8 reaches the eyes of the observer while maintaining the directivity after passing through the lens 6. Here, as described above, if the directional scattering structure 8 is arranged so that the light emitted from the display element 2 forms a real image in the hollow via the lens 6, the observer 3 can The stereoscopic reproduction image 4 can be observed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, it is assumed that the display element 2 is formed by the directional scattering structure 8 having a light scattering axis that is 90 ° different from that in FIG. 7A.

  In FIG. 7 (b), the directional scattering structure 8 emits light whose scattering direction is 90 ° different from that in FIG. 7 (a), and the lens 6 is moved in the same manner as in FIG. 7 (a). Even after passing, it maintains its directivity.

  Here, when the observer 3 is at the same position as in FIG. 7A, the observer 3 does not reach the eyes with the light emitted from the directional scattering structure 3. That is, the stereoscopic reproduction image formed by the directional scattered light 14 cannot be observed.

  As described above, if the display elements 2 are arranged so that different three-dimensional reproduction images 4 having different light scattering axes 12a are formed by the directional scattering structure, the observer 3 differs depending on the observation direction. The stereoscopic reproduction image 4 can be observed.

  At this time, there may be two or more light scattering axes 12a, and different three-dimensional reproduced images 4 can be observed in the directions of the plurality of light scattering axes 12a.

  The directional scattering region 10 formed of the directional scattering structure 11 formed on the display layer 7 may be arranged so as to project the three-dimensional reproduced image 4 where the observer 3 can recognize a natural three-dimensional effect. It arrange | positions so that it may play a role of what is called a parallax image.

  Alternatively, the display element 2 may express characters, symbols, designs, and the like by the directional scattering region 10. At that time, the imaging position of the stereoscopic reproduction image 4 is determined by the difference between the arrangement pitch of the plurality of lenses 6 and the arrangement pitch of the display elements 2.

As shown in FIG. 6, the arrangement pitch of the lenses 6 is ΔX, the arrangement pitch of the display elements 2 is ΔP, the distance from the vertex A of the lens 6 to the display elements 2, that is, the focal length is F, and the three-dimensional reproduction from the display elements 2 When the distance to image 4 is S,

It has the relationship shown in For example, Tatsuya Yoshida, Ken Naemura, Hiroshi Harashima: “Synthesis of 3D CG using Integral Photography”, Video Information Media Society of Japan VoL. 55, NO. 3, P.I. 474-478, 2011.

  If the formula 2 is used, the distance at which the image jumps out, that is, the imaging distance S is determined, and if the arrangement pitch ΔX and the focal length F of the lens 6 are set, the arrangement pitch ΔP of the display elements is naturally obtained.

  When the formula 2 is actually calculated, it can be seen that the longer the imaging distance S, the smaller the difference between ΔP and ΔX must be.

  As described above, in the display body of the present invention, since the diameter of the lens 6 is the size of one pixel, a smaller three-dimensional reproduction image 4 can be obtained when the arrangement pitch ΔX of the lens 6 is smaller. It becomes possible.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the display layer 7 and the lens forming layer 5 are arranged even when the display element 2 forming surface of the display layer 7 and the non-lens forming surface of the lens forming layer 5 face each other. As shown in FIG. 5, the non-pattern forming surface of the display layer 7 and the non-lens forming surface of the lens forming layer 5 may be arranged to face each other.

  As described above, the focal length F can be adjusted by changing the curvature radius R of the lens 6. In the configuration as shown in FIG. 2, since the focal length F can be shortened, the thinness as a display body can be secured, and handling is also possible when providing an article with a display body provided with the display body. Often convenient and convenient.

  In addition, the display body of the present invention is used in a form such as a transfer foil or a sticker via an adhesive layer or the like, which is attached to an article and pressure-bonded.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail with reference to an Example, these are illustrations and do not limit this invention at all.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a cross section of a display body showing Example 1 of the present invention. That is, in Example 1, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film was formed as the lens forming layer 5, and the lens 6 was formed from an ultraviolet curable resin.

  The display layer 7 is made of an ultraviolet curable resin coated on the transparent substrate 15. A PET film was used for the transparent substrate 15.

  As the directional scattering structure 8, a structure having a pitch P and a depth H on the order of several 100 nm is formed.

  The directional scattering structure 8 may be arranged so as to form a parallax image corresponding to each lens 6, or the directional scattering structure 8 itself may have an arbitrary shape. As shown in this embodiment, a heart-shaped configuration or the like may be used (see FIG. 10). At this time, the arrangement pitch ΔX of the lenses 6 and the arrangement pitch ΔP of the display elements 2 are slightly shifted.

  As a method of forming the directional scattering structure 3, a laser exposure interference system or the like may be used, or may be formed by electron beam drawing or the like.

Moreover, the transparent base material 15 and the lens forming layer 5 are bonded together by the adhesive layer 16.
As the light reflection layer 9, an aluminum vapor deposition layer was formed by a vacuum vapor deposition method. The thickness of the light reflecting layer 9 is about 50 nm.

  The radius of curvature of the lens 6 is as fine as about 20 μm, and the focal length F is about 40 μm. The thickness of the entire display body is also about 50 μm. Of course, in addition to this dimension, the radius of curvature can be changed.

  Here, FIG. 11 shows an image when the display body 20 of Example 1 is observed. When the illumination light source 14 is irradiated to the display body, the display composed of the directional scattering structure 8 formed in the display layer 7. Light is emitted from element 2.

  The emitted light emits light only in the light scattering axis direction of the directional scattering structure 8. In this example, since the directional scattering structure 8 is arranged in a heart shape, the observer 3 can recognize the shape of the heart.

  Moreover, even if the observer 3 observes the display body 20 from the direction in which the directional scattered light 13 is not emitted, nothing can be recognized because the directional scattered light 13 cannot be seen.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lens array 2 ... Display element 3 ... Observer 4 ... Stereoscopic reproduction image 5 ... Lens formation layer 6 ... Lens 7 ... Display layer 8 ... Directional scattering structure 9 ... Light reflection layer 10 ... Directional scattering region 12a ... Light scattering Axis 12b ... Orientation direction 13 ... Directional scattered light 14 ... Illumination light source 15 ... Transparent substrate 16 ... Adhesive layer 20 ... Display body F ... Focal length R ... Radius of curvature n ... Refractive index on observer side n '... Refraction of lens Ratio A ... Lens apex ΔX… Lens pitch ΔP… Display element pitch S… Imaging distance H… Depth, height

Claims (10)

A lens forming layer in which a plurality of regularly arranged lenses are arranged on one surface, and a display layer in which a plurality of display elements are arranged corresponding to each lens at the focal position of the lens,
A display body based on an integral photography method, in which light beams emitted from the plurality of display elements display a stereoscopic image by a light beam group formed through the corresponding plurality of lenses,
At least a part or all of the display element has a directional scattering structure including a plurality of linear convex portions and / or concave portions provided with a light reflecting layer.   At least a part or all of the display elements express characters, symbols, patterns, and the like, and the arrangement pitch of the plurality of lenses is different from the arrangement pitch of the plurality of display elements. The display body according to claim 1.   The directional scattering structure has a plurality of light scattering axis directions, and the display elements are arranged so as to form a plurality of different images by the directional scattering structure having the same light scattering axis direction. The display body according to claim 1 or 2.   The display elements are arranged so as to form a plurality of different display images of characters, symbols, patterns, etc. using the directional scattering structure having the same light scattering axis direction. The display in any one of.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of linear protrusions and / or recesses are randomly arranged.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of display elements include a plurality of cells, and a length of one side of the cells is 145 μm or less.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein a display element forming surface of the display layer and a non-lens forming surface of the lens forming layer are arranged to face each other.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein a non-pattern forming surface of the display layer and a non-lens forming surface of the lens forming layer are arranged to face each other.   The display body according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive layer is provided between the display layer and the lens forming layer.   An article with a display body comprising the display body according to claim 1.

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