JP2013044133A - Snow accumulation preventing device - Google Patents

Snow accumulation preventing device Download PDF

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JP2013044133A
JP2013044133A JP2011181895A JP2011181895A JP2013044133A JP 2013044133 A JP2013044133 A JP 2013044133A JP 2011181895 A JP2011181895 A JP 2011181895A JP 2011181895 A JP2011181895 A JP 2011181895A JP 2013044133 A JP2013044133 A JP 2013044133A
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snow
cover body
solar cell
heater
attached
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JP5759306B2 (en
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Shigeru Kamata
慈 鎌田
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a snow accumulation preventing device that stably prevents snow accumulation on a cover body.SOLUTION: A snow accumulation preventing device includes a cover body (21) covering an object (11), a heater (22) attached to the cover body (21), and a solar battery panel (23A, 23B, 23E, 23F) attached to the cover body (21) and supplying power to the heater (22). A light receiving surface (23c) of the solar battery panel (23A, 23B, 23E, 23F) points to a snow surface.

Description

本発明は、例えば、積雪地域の鉄道や道路の高架橋、鉄道架線支柱への冠雪を防止する冠雪防止装置に関する。   The present invention relates to, for example, a snow-carrying prevention device for preventing snow-covering on railways, road viaducts, and railway overhead posts in snowy areas.

積雪地域における高架橋や鉄道架線支柱に冠雪防止対策が採られている。冠雪防止対策の１つとして、高架橋や鉄道架線支柱の上にカバー体としての四角錘等の形状のコーンが敷設されている。   Snow-prevention measures are taken for viaducts and railway overhead posts in snowy areas. As one of the measures to prevent snow cover, cones such as a quadrangular pyramid as a cover body are laid on a viaduct or railway overhead pole.

しかしながら、コーンへの着雪は大きな冠雪を発生させる。そして、この冠雪が落下すると、鉄道車両の走行に問題を起こす可能性がある。   However, snowfall on the cones generates a large snow cover. And if this snowfall falls, there is a possibility of causing a problem in the running of the railway vehicle.

そこで、本発明の目的は、カバー体への冠雪を安定して防止する冠雪防止装置を提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a snow cover prevention device that stably prevents snow cover on the cover body.

以下、符号を付して本発明の特徴を説明する。なお、符号は参照のためであり、本発明を実施形態に限定するものでない。   Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be described with reference numerals. Note that the reference numerals are for reference, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

本発明の特徴に係わる冠雪防止装置（２０、２０Ａ）は、対象（１１）を覆うカバー体（２１）と、カバー体（２１）に取り付けられたヒーター（２２）と、カバー体（２１）に取り付けられると共にヒーター（２２）に電力を供給する太陽電池パネル（２３Ａ、２３Ｂ、２３Ｅ、２３Ｆ）を有し、太陽電池パネル（２３Ａ、２３Ｂ、２３Ｅ、２３Ｆ）の受光面（２３ｃ）は雪面に向いている。   The snow protection device (20, 20A) according to the features of the present invention includes a cover body (21) covering the object (11), a heater (22) attached to the cover body (21), and a cover body (21). And a solar cell panel (23A, 23B, 23E, 23F) for supplying power to the heater (22), and a light receiving surface (23c) of the solar cell panel (23A, 23B, 23E, 23F) is a snow surface Suitable for.

以上の特徴にあって、太陽電池パネル（２３Ａ、２３Ｂ）はカバー体（２１）によって覆われる。   In the above characteristics, the solar cell panels (23A, 23B) are covered with the cover body (21).

太陽電池パネル（２３Ａ、２３Ｂ）はカバー体（２１）に回転可能に取り付けられる。   The solar cell panels (23A, 23B) are rotatably attached to the cover body (21).

前記対象は鉄道架線支柱（１１）又は高架橋である。   The object is a railway overhead post (11) or a viaduct.

本発明の特徴によれば、降雪中に太陽電池パネルの受光面に着雪しない。降雪後に太陽電池パネルが雪面で反射した太陽光により発電し、ヒーターが発熱する。この熱により、カバー体の表面に水膜を発生させ、カバー体上の着雪を速やかに落とし、また、冠雪除去の作業を減らすことができる。   According to the characteristics of the present invention, snow does not reach the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel during snowfall. After the snowfall, the solar panel generates electricity by sunlight reflected on the snow surface, and the heater generates heat. With this heat, a water film is generated on the surface of the cover body, snow on the cover body can be quickly dropped, and the work of removing snow can be reduced.

第１の実施形態に係わる鉄道架線装置を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram showing a railway overhead wire device concerning a 1st embodiment. 図１に示す冠雪防止装置を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the snow-capping prevention apparatus shown in FIG. 第２の実施形態に係わる冠雪防止装置を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the snow cap prevention apparatus concerning 2nd Embodiment.

第１の実施形態
以下、図面を参照して実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 First Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１に示すように、鉄道架線装置１は、地面から地上へ延びる鉄道架線支柱１１と、鉄道架線支柱１１に支持された架線１２と、鉄道架線支柱１１の頂端１１ａに取り付けられた冠雪防止装置２０を有する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the railway overhead wire device 1 includes a railway overhead wire post 11 extending from the ground to the ground, an overhead wire 12 supported by the railway overhead wire pillar 11, and snow-crop prevention attached to the top end 11 a of the railway overhead wire pillar 11. It has a device 20.

架線１２は、吊架線１２ａと、吊架線１２ａに吊り下げられたトロリ線１２ｂと、吊架線１２ａとトロリ線とを接続するハンガー１２ｃと、を有する。   The overhead wire 12 includes a suspension wire 12a, a trolley wire 12b suspended from the suspension wire 12a, and a hanger 12c that connects the suspension wire 12a and the trolley wire.

図２に示すように、冠雪防止装置２０は、カバー体２１と、カバー体２１に取り付けられたヒーター２２と、カバー体２１の下端に取り付けられた太陽電池パネル群２３を有する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the snow protection device 20 includes a cover body 21, a heater 22 attached to the cover body 21, and a solar cell panel group 23 attached to the lower end of the cover body 21.

図２に示すように、四角錘のカバー体２１は、頂点２１ｖから４方向に延びる三角形の側面部２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃ、２１ｄを有する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the cover body 21 of a quadrangular pyramid has triangular side portions 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d extending in four directions from the vertex 21v.

ヒーター２２は、側面部２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃ、２１ｄにそれぞれ取り付けられた発熱体２２Ａ、２２Ｂ、２２Ｃ、２２Ｄを有する。発熱体２２Ａ−２２Ｄは、例えば、鉄−クロム−アルミ系、ニッケルークロム系の金属発熱体等の抵抗発熱体を用いる。ヒーター２２は、抵抗加熱の他、誘電加熱、マイクロ波加熱、誘導加熱を利用してもよい。   The heater 22 includes heating elements 22A, 22B, 22C, and 22D attached to the side surfaces 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d, respectively. As the heating elements 22A-22D, for example, a resistance heating element such as an iron-chromium-aluminum or nickel-chromium metal heating element is used. The heater 22 may use dielectric heating, microwave heating, or induction heating in addition to resistance heating.

太陽電池パネル群２３は、例えば、２枚の太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂを有する。各太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、受光面２３ｃに、例えば、シリコン系多結晶、シリコン系単結晶、薄膜シリコン系、化合物系の複数の太陽電池２３ｄを有する。太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、それぞれ、側面部２１ａ、２１ｂの底辺に取り付けられる。太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、側面部２１ａ、２１ｂに対してカバー体２１の内側へ傾け、カバー体２１によって覆われる。太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂの各受光面２３ｃは雪面からの反射した太陽光を受けるために雪面に向くように下向きに設定される。太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、雪面に対して適切な角度を設定するために、ヒンジを用いてカバー体２１に対して回転可能である。   The solar cell panel group 23 includes, for example, two solar cell panels 23A and 23B. Each solar cell panel 23A, 23B has, for example, a plurality of solar cells 23d of silicon-based polycrystal, silicon-based single crystal, thin-film silicon-based, and compound-based on the light receiving surface 23c. Solar cell panels 23A and 23B are attached to the bottoms of side surfaces 21a and 21b, respectively. The solar cell panels 23A and 23B are inclined toward the inside of the cover body 21 with respect to the side surface portions 21a and 21b, and are covered with the cover body 21. The light receiving surfaces 23c of the solar cell panels 23A and 23B are set downward so as to face the snow surface in order to receive sunlight reflected from the snow surface. The solar cell panels 23A and 23B can be rotated with respect to the cover body 21 using a hinge in order to set an appropriate angle with respect to the snow surface.

次に、図１、２を用いて冠雪防止装置２０の使用方法を説明する。   Next, the usage method of the snow protection apparatus 20 is demonstrated using FIG.

図１に示すように、先ず、鉄道架線支柱１１の頂端１１ａを覆うように鉄道架線支柱１１にカバー体２１を取り付ける。太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂの姿勢を調整する。すなわち、太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂの各受光面２３ｃが雪面へ向くように下向きに設定する。   As shown in FIG. 1, first, a cover body 21 is attached to the railway overhead wire support 11 so as to cover the top end 11 a of the railway overhead wire support 11. The postures of the solar battery panels 23A and 23B are adjusted. That is, the light receiving surfaces 23c of the solar battery panels 23A and 23B are set downward so as to face the snow surface.

鉄道架線装置１の周辺に雪が降り、地面Ｇ１に雪が積もる。このとき、カバー体２１上に雪が積もり、カバー体２１は鉄道架線支柱１１の頂端１１ａに対する積雪を防止する。ここで、太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂはカバー体２１によって覆われ、下向きに設定されているので、太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂの受光面２３ｃに対する着雪は防止される。   Snow falls around the railway overhead wire apparatus 1 and snow accumulates on the ground G1. At this time, snow accumulates on the cover body 21, and the cover body 21 prevents snow accumulation on the top end 11 a of the railway overhead wire post 11. Here, since the solar cell panels 23A and 23B are covered with the cover body 21 and set downward, it is possible to prevent snow on the light receiving surface 23c of the solar cell panels 23A and 23B.

天候が「雪」から「晴れ」に変化すると、太陽光Ｌ１が雪面Ｓ１に反射され、反射した太陽光Ｌ２は冠雪防止装置２０へ進行する。太陽光Ｌ２は各太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂの受光面２３ｃに当たり、各太陽電池２３ｄは発電する。このとき、新雪のアルベド（太陽光の反射率）は９５％を超えるため、融雪に必要な発電量が得られる。   When the weather changes from “snow” to “sunny”, the sunlight L1 is reflected on the snow surface S1, and the reflected sunlight L2 travels to the snow protection device 20. The sunlight L2 hits the light receiving surface 23c of each solar cell panel 23A, 23B, and each solar cell 23d generates power. At this time, since the albedo (reflectance of sunlight) of fresh snow exceeds 95%, a power generation amount necessary for melting snow can be obtained.

発生した電力はヒーター２２の発熱体２２Ａ−２２Ｄへ供給される。発熱体２２Ａ−２２Ｄは熱を発生し、カバー体２１の表面を温めてカバー体２１と着雪の間に界面に水膜を発生させる。これにより、カバー体２１に着雪量が大きくならないうちに、落雪させることができる。   The generated electric power is supplied to the heating elements 22A-22D of the heater 22. The heating elements 22A-22D generate heat, warm the surface of the cover body 21, and generate a water film at the interface between the cover body 21 and snow. Thereby, it is possible to cause snow to fall before the amount of snowfall on the cover body 21 increases.

以上の冠雪防止装置２０によれば、太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂの受光面２３ｃに着雪せず、太陽電池２３ｄの機能を阻害しない。これにより、天候回復後、太陽電池パネル２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、雪面から反射した太陽光Ｌ２によって発電し、ヒーター２２でカバー体２１上の着雪を落下させることができる。したがって、降雪後に、カバー体２１上の着雪を速やかに落とすことができ、また、冠雪除去の作業を減らすことができる。   According to the snow protection device 20 described above, snow does not reach the light receiving surfaces 23c of the solar cell panels 23A and 23B, and the function of the solar cell 23d is not hindered. Thereby, after the weather recovers, the solar battery panels 23 </ b> A and 23 </ b> B can generate power by the sunlight L <b> 2 reflected from the snow surface, and the snow 22 on the cover body 21 can be dropped by the heater 22. Therefore, snowfall on the cover body 21 can be quickly dropped after snowfall, and the work of removing snow can be reduced.

第２の実施形態
冠雪防止装置２０Ａは、側面部２１ａ、２１ｂの底辺からそれぞれ外側へ延びる太陽電池パネル２３Ｅ、２３Ｆを有する。 Second Embodiment The snow protection device 20A includes solar battery panels 23E and 23F that extend outward from the bottom sides of the side surfaces 21a and 21b, respectively.

太陽電池パネル２３Ｅ、２３Ｆは、下へ向いた受光面２３ｃを有する。太陽電池パネル２３Ｅ、２３Ｆは、受光面２３ｃに複数の太陽電池２３ｄを有する。   The solar cell panels 23E and 23F have a light receiving surface 23c facing downward. The solar cell panels 23E and 23F have a plurality of solar cells 23d on the light receiving surface 23c.

この実施形態によれば、太陽電池パネル２３Ｅ、２３Ｆの受光面２３ｃへの着雪を妨げるので、太陽電池２３ｄは雪面からの反射した太陽光によって電力を発生することができる。   According to this embodiment, the snow accumulation on the light receiving surface 23c of the solar cell panels 23E and 23F is prevented, so that the solar cell 23d can generate power by the sunlight reflected from the snow surface.

なお、本発明は本実施形態に限定されず、また、各実施形態は発明の趣旨を変更しない範囲で変更、修正可能である。なお、冠雪防止装置の設置対象は、鉄道架線支柱のみならず、高架橋でもよい。また、太陽電池は、夜間にバッテリーを用いて発電させてもよい。また、家屋の屋根に設置している通常の太陽電池パネルと組み合わせることにより、冬期間でも降雪による発電量の減少を防止してもよい。   In addition, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, Moreover, each embodiment can be changed and corrected in the range which does not change the meaning of invention. In addition, the installation target of the snow protection device may be not only a railway overhead post but also a viaduct. In addition, the solar cell may generate power using a battery at night. Moreover, you may prevent the reduction | decrease in the electric power generation amount by snowfall also in a winter period by combining with the normal solar cell panel installed in the roof of a house.

１ 鉄道架線装置
１１ 鉄道架線支柱
１２ 架線
２０ 冠雪防止装置
２１ カバー体
２２ ヒーター
２３ 太陽電池パネル群
２３ｃ 受光面
２３ｄ 太陽電池 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railway overhead wire apparatus 11 Railway overhead wire support | pillar 12 Overhead line 20 Snow-covering prevention apparatus 21 Cover body 22 Heater 23 Solar cell panel group 23c Light-receiving surface 23d Solar cell

Claims (4)

対象を覆うカバー体と、
カバー体に取り付けられたヒーターと、
カバー体に取り付けられると共にヒーターに電力を供給する太陽電池パネルを有し、
太陽電池パネルの受光面は雪面に向いている、
冠雪防止装置。 A cover body covering the object;
A heater attached to the cover body;
A solar panel that is attached to the cover body and supplies power to the heater;
The light-receiving surface of the solar cell panel faces the snow surface.
Snow protection device. 太陽電池パネルはカバー体によって覆われる、
請求項１に記載の冠雪防止装置。 The solar panel is covered by the cover body,
The snow cap prevention device according to claim 1. 前記太陽電池パネルは前記カバー体に回転可能に取り付けられる、
請求項１又は２に記載の冠雪防止装置。 The solar cell panel is rotatably attached to the cover body.
The snow cap prevention device according to claim 1 or 2. 前記対象は鉄道架線支柱又は高架橋である、
請求項１乃至３の何れか１つに記載の冠雪防止装置。 The object is a railway overhead post or viaduct,
The snow protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2011181895A 2011-08-23 2011-08-23 Snow protection device Expired - Fee Related JP5759306B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112272007A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-26 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 Method and device for determining influence of shelter on photovoltaic module

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63159853U (en) * 1987-04-07 1988-10-19
JPH0823620A (en) * 1994-07-05 1996-01-23 Yasutaka Kobayashi Snow damage preventing device for steel tower
JP2003023170A (en) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-24 Nisshin A & C Co Ltd Solar generation system
JP2009024396A (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-02-05 Kubota Matsushitadenko Exterior Works Ltd House with solar cell
JP2010114230A (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Solar battery apparatus and vehicle sensitive apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63159853U (en) * 1987-04-07 1988-10-19
JPH0823620A (en) * 1994-07-05 1996-01-23 Yasutaka Kobayashi Snow damage preventing device for steel tower
JP2003023170A (en) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-24 Nisshin A & C Co Ltd Solar generation system
JP2009024396A (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-02-05 Kubota Matsushitadenko Exterior Works Ltd House with solar cell
JP2010114230A (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Solar battery apparatus and vehicle sensitive apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112272007A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-26 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 Method and device for determining influence of shelter on photovoltaic module

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