JP2013038228A - Solar cell module, road with solar cell, and construction method of solar cell to road - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technique in high practical usability of installing solar cells on road.SOLUTION: In an embodiment, a solar cell module 2 which includes a solar battery cell 2C formed on a flexible substrate 2S and has flexibility to be installed on a road surface 1 so as to fit to a form of the road surface 1 having a possibility of flat or curve shape and to cover at least a part of the road surface is provided. A construction method of installation of the solar cell module 2 having flexibility and the road for installation is also provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module, a road with solar cells, and a method for installing solar cells on a road. More specifically, the present invention relates to a flexible solar cell module for road surface installation, a road with solar cells using the solar cell module, and a method of constructing solar cells on the road.

  In recent years, construction of power generation facilities has been carried out in which a large number of solar cell modules are arranged to construct a large-scale solar power generation system. In order to construct such a large-scale solar power generation system, it is essential to secure a large area with a good sunlight. In order to secure the area, it is devised to use road equipment. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-126224) discloses a method of installing a solar cell on a soundproof wall or guard rail of an expressway (Patent Document 1, FIG. 1 and the like).

  In addition, in order to secure a large area with good sunlight, it has been devised to install solar cells on the road surface of the road itself. For example, as a method of installing a solar cell on the road surface, as in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-18041), a transparent block containing a rigid solar cell module is fixed on the road surface, or the like A method of embedding a transparent block in a road is disclosed (Patent Document 2, paragraph [0006], etc.).

JP-A-8-126224 JP-A-9-18041

  In the method of fixing the transparent block containing the solar cell module on the road surface or embedding it in the road surface, in order to prevent the rigid solar cell from being damaged by the weight of the pedestrian or vehicle traveling on the road, It is necessary to protect the solar cell by using a transparent plate that is not easily damaged (Patent Document 2, paragraph [0006]). Since this transparent block becomes expensive, the method of using the transparent block has a problem in terms of manufacturing cost. In addition, the method using transparent blocks requires work on the road surface in units of blocks, and long-term construction is an obstacle to installing solar cells on existing roads or roads with traffic. The problem of becoming is difficult to avoid. For these reasons, it is difficult to reduce the equipment cost of the installed photovoltaic power generation system, particularly the price per power generation amount, by the method using the transparent block.

  Further, assuming that a solar cell module of a rigid body, that is, a non-flexible type is directly attached to the road surface of the road, the problem is that the road surface is generally a curved surface instead of a flat surface. When a normally planar rigid solar cell module is disposed on a curved road surface, a gap is generated between the solar cell module and the road surface. Therefore, the load applied to the entire solar cell module is concentrated on a portion having no gap, and the solar cell module is easily damaged. Thus, the load resistance of the entire rigid solar cell module installed on the actual road surface is extremely low.

  The present invention provides a solar cell module for performing solar power generation using the road surface of the road, a road with solar cells, and a construction method for the road of solar cells, so that the price per unit of power generation is higher than before. By providing a road with solar cells that can be installed on the road surface with low installation time and with a short installation time, it is easy to build a large-scale power generation system. It contributes to the spread of power generation.

  The inventors of the present application have studied a method that can shorten the installation time while reducing the cost of the members employed in connection with the method of performing solar power generation using the road surface of the road. As a result, it has been found that some of them can be solved by adopting solar cells exhibiting flexibility (flexibility).

  That is, in an aspect of the present invention, the solar cell is formed on a flexible substrate, and is installed so as to cover at least a part of the road surface in conformity with the shape of the road surface which can be a flat surface or a curved surface. A solar cell module for road surface installation is provided.

  In another aspect of the invention, a road with solar cells is also provided. That is, in an aspect of the present invention, a road in which at least a part of the road surface is covered with a solar cell module, and the solar cell module is adapted to the shape of the road surface which can be a flat surface or a curved surface. Thus, a road that covers at least a part of the road surface and includes solar cells formed on a flexible substrate and exhibits flexibility is provided.

  In yet another aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing solar cells on a road is also provided. That is, in an aspect of the present invention, a solar cell construction method for covering at least a part of a road surface with a solar cell module, including a solar cell formed on a flexible substrate, is flexible. And a step of installing the solar cell module on the road surface so as to cover at least a part of the road surface in conformity with the shape of the road surface, which may be a flat surface or a curved surface. A construction method is provided.

  In each of the above aspects of the present invention, the solar cell module includes at least solar cells formed on a flexible substrate. In addition, the solar cell module in each said aspect may contain the other structure integrated in it in addition to what is normally called a solar cell module. Accordingly, one aspect of the “solar cell module” in the present application includes a so-called solar cell module itself and a laminate or an assembly having a laminated structure, for example, by combining the solar cell module with some other member. . In addition, this laminated body or assembly may be described as a “solar cell laminated body” as necessary.

  Employing a flexible solar cell module as in each of the above aspects of the present invention is based on the completely opposite idea from the conventional idea that the rigid solar cell is not destroyed by reducing the transmitted force. Rather, in each of the above aspects of the present invention, the solar cell module is protected from destruction by adapting the shape of the solar cell module to conform to the shape of the road surface, which is a flat or curved surface. Specifically, by making the solar cell module itself deformable or deformable, the solar cell module and the road surface can also be applied to a road surface that is flat or curved. This makes it possible to mount without causing or hardly generating a gap between them. Even if a pedestrian or a vehicle passes over the solar cell stack installed on the road surface, the solar cell module is not easily damaged. Thereby, in each aspect of the present invention, the necessity for protecting the solar cell module with a hard member is reduced, and a transparent block or a highly rigid member for protection corresponding thereto is not necessary. A paved road with a curved road surface is not limited, but for example, in addition to a paved road that has been curved from the time of laying for the purpose of drainage, conformity to topography and curves, etc. Including paved roads that have curved surfaces due to the fact that they are worn down depending on the use of what was laid on the road. Each aspect of the present invention is intended for roads that are curved for any reason.

  In addition, the flexible solar cell module has flexibility before installation, and can be applied to the road surface in a relatively large area. In other words, when the flexible solar cell module is used, it is not necessary to perform an installation operation that requires a small block unit. Therefore, for example, it is possible to install a long flexible solar cell module at once or continuously on the road, and to shorten the work time. In particular, if the installation target of solar cells is a paved road that is currently in service, that is, an existing paved road, or a paved road that has been refurbished in accordance with the renovation of the road pavement, traffic will be blocked. There is a great effect in that the time to do is shortened. In other words, this time saving advantage greatly affects the practical feasibility of placing solar cells on the road.

  As a result, in each of the above aspects of the present invention, a solar cell is provided that has reduced facility costs for installation on the road and greatly improved feasibility. In each of the above aspects of the present invention, the cost of electric power is reduced by reducing the equipment cost per power generation amount, and a solar cell that is not easily damaged even if a pedestrian or a vehicle passes over the attached solar cell module. It is possible to provide a road to be equipped.

  According to any aspect of the present invention, a road with solar cells is realized by a practical technique, and for example, a large-scale power generation system can be easily constructed.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the solar cell laminated body in an embodiment with this invention with a road. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the solar cell laminated body in an embodiment with this invention with a road. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the solar cell laminated body in an embodiment with this invention with a road. It is a top view which shows the structure of the solar cell laminated body in an embodiment with this invention from the light-receiving surface side. It is a top view which shows the structure of the solar cell laminated body in an embodiment with this invention from the light-receiving surface side.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, common parts or elements are denoted by common reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings, each element of each embodiment is not necessarily shown in a scale ratio.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a solar cell stack 100 as an example of an embodiment of the present invention together with a road. In FIG. 1, the paved road 1 may be newly paved at the time of installation of the solar cell module, or may be an existing one that has been paved and used. Moreover, the kind of pavement of the paved road 1 is not particularly limited. Asphalt, concrete, water-permeable pavement, blocks, and other pavements whose surfaces are at least fixed are targets for installation of the solar cell laminate 100. For this installation, for example, a conventional fixing means such as an adhesive layer 5 in which an adhesive or the like is cured is employed. On the surface of the paved road 1, that is, the road surface 1F that is the upper surface of the page in FIG. 1, the solar cell laminate 100 is fixedly installed.

  The solar cell stack 100 shown in FIG. 1 has a generally rectangular long planar shape, and has a solar cell module 2 manufactured to have a thickness of, for example, 1 mm or less. As this solar cell module 2, a solar cell module having arbitrary flexibility can be adopted. The solar cell module 2 is flexible as a whole by laminating solar cells 2C formed using a flexible substrate 2S such as a resin or a metal thin plate with a resin sealant and a protective sheet. Keeps sex. Non-limiting examples of those that can be adopted as the solar battery cell 2C include a silicon thin film solar battery, a dye-sensitized solar battery, an organic solar battery, and a CIGS (copper / indium / gallium / selenium) solar battery. .

  The road surface 1F of the paved road 1 where the solar cell module 2 of the present embodiment is installed is most typically a flat surface, but in the present embodiment, the road surface 1F is not limited to a flat surface. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, even if the road surface 1F is a curved surface, if it is a developable surface, the solar cell module 2 can be attached in close contact with the surface. Note that in this application, a developable surface generally refers to a curved surface that can be superimposed on a plane by simply unfolding each part without causing expansion or contraction. On the other hand, a curved surface that is not a developable surface is called a non-developable surface. For example, the cylindrical and conical side surfaces are both developable surfaces, but the spherical surface is not a developable surface. The ability to attach the solar cell module 2 to the road surface 1F forming the developable surface is an advantage that the solar cell module 2 has flexibility. On the other hand, in order to install a rigid (non-flexible) type solar cell such as a conventional crystalline solar cell or a thin film solar cell formed on a glass substrate, the road surface 1F needs to be flat. . It is impossible to fit the shape of the road surface 1F having a curved surface by cutting out and arranging conventional crystalline solar cells and thin film solar cells formed on a glass substrate into a very small planar shape. is not. However, considering the wiring for taking out the electric power generated from the solar cell thus manufactured, the rigid-type solar cell cut out in a small size is extremely impractical.

  A load similar to the load applied to the road surface 1F is applied to the upper surface of the solar cell module 2 after installation in the present embodiment, for example, in the vertically downward direction. Even when such a load is applied, the solar cell module 2 hardly deforms. Therefore, the solar cell module 2 is not easily damaged such as breakage, breakage, and splitting due to a load.

  In the solar cell laminate 100 shown in FIG. 1, various adhesives or pressure-sensitive adhesives can be used as the adhesive layer 5 for fixing the paved road 1 and the solar cell module 2 depending on the characteristics thereof. is there. For example, when a reactive curable adhesive is used for the adhesive layer 5, even when the surface of the paved road 1 is rough, a minute gap that can be generated between the solar cell module 2 and the like as shown in FIG. A solid adhesive layer 5 is formed so as to be buried. For this reason, the reaction curable adhesive has a particularly high effect of preventing damage to the solar cell module 2 due to concentration of load. It is also advantageous to employ a moisture curable silicone adhesive for the adhesive layer 5. This is because the adhesive layer 5 is obtained after curing, and in addition, moisture is supplied from the side of the paved road 1 at the time of installation so that the adhesive layer 5 is efficiently cured. For this reason, the moisture curable silicone adhesive is an example of a material suitable for the adhesive layer 5 of the solar cell stack 100. In addition, a pressure-sensitive adhesive can be employed as the adhesive layer 5. The adhesive layer 5 employing a pressure-sensitive adhesive, particularly a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having an elastic body as a base material, is advantageous in that the stress dispersion effect is high.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solar cell stack 200 as an example of an embodiment of the present invention, along with a road. In FIG. 2, the solar cell laminate 200 has a structure in which a solar cell module 2 and a rubber sheet layer 3 are laminated. Even if the road surface 1F of the paved road 1 on which the solar cell laminate 200 is installed is a flat surface or a curved surface, the rubber sheet layer 3 is deformed to deform the paved road 1 and the solar cell module 2. It is possible to install without a gap between them. Due to the deformation of the rubber sheet layer 3, even if the road surface 1F of the paved road 1 on which the solar cell laminate 200 is constructed is a non-developable curved surface in the solar cell laminate 200, from the developable surface. If the degree of deviation is small, it can be fixed easily. As a result, as schematically shown in FIG. 2, in the solar cell laminate 200, the rubber sheet layer 3 follows the unevenness of the rubber sheet layer 3 against the unevenness of the shape of the road surface 1 </ b> F of the paved road 1. The solar cell module 2 itself is kept in a smooth shape.

  In the solar cell laminate 200 having such a configuration, the rubber sheet layer 3 has two actions. One action is an action that prevents a gap from being generated between the solar cell module 2 and the paved road 1 when the road surface 1F of the paved road 1 is a curved surface. In the case where no gap is generated, even when a load in the direction toward the paved road 1 is applied to the upper surface of the solar cell module 2, the solar cell module 2 is not easily deformed further. For this reason, the solar cell module 2 is not easily damaged by the load.

  Another function of the rubber sheet layer 3 is to disperse stress. That is, when a load is applied, the rubber sheet layer 3 deforms itself to disperse the stress. For this reason, the rubber sheet layer 3 serves to reduce the amount of deformation of the solar cell module 2 and increase the damage resistance against the weight of the solar cell module 2. The rubber sheet layer 3 can have various shapes and rigidity (elastic modulus) according to various conditions. Depending on the shape of the upper surface of the paved road 1, what is suitable as the rubber sheet layer 3 for the solar cell laminate 200 is an elastic modulus (that is, a real part or a Young's modulus of a dynamic elastic modulus) of 0.05 MPa to 50 MPa, The thing of thickness 0.5-10mm is suitable. The rubber sheet layer 3 in this range has a particularly remarkable effect of preventing damage to the solar cell module 2, particularly the solar cell 2C.

  In the solar cell laminate 200 shown in FIG. 2, as means for fixing between the paved road 1 and the rubber sheet layer 3 and between the solar cell module 2 and the rubber sheet layer 3, adhesive, It can be arbitrarily selected from mechanical fixing means such as When the adhesive is employed, a reaction curable adhesive and a pressure sensitive adhesive (adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape) can be used as in the case of the solar cell laminate 100. Further, a moisture-curable silicone adhesive is particularly suitable for bonding the paved road 1 and the rubber sheet layer 3 for the same reason as in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a solar cell stack 300 as an example of an embodiment of the present invention together with a road. As shown in FIG. 3, the solar cell laminate 300 includes a solar cell module 2, a flexible sheet layer 4 laminated on the back surface thereof, and a rubber sheet layer 3 disposed on the back side of the flexible sheet layer 4. have.

  The flexible sheet layer 4 has an effect of suppressing a certain type of deformation while exhibiting flexibility. Specifically, the flexible sheet layer 4 is, for example, a flat surface unless an external force is applied, and easily deforms into a curved surface within a range of a developable surface when an external force is applied. At the time of this deformation, the flexible sheet layer 4 has an action of suppressing deformation that becomes a non-expandable surface, that is, deformation that causes each part to expand and contract. Thus, when the flexible sheet layer 4 is laminated together with the solar cell module 2, the flexible cell layer 4 maintains the flexibility of the solar cell laminate 300 and prevents deformation that leads to damage of the solar cell module 2. The deformation of the non-expandable surface into a curved surface is a deformation into a curved surface that is not included in either a flat surface or a curved surface that is a developable surface. A tensile stress or a compressive stress is applied to the solar cell module 2. It is a deformation to act. Such deformation is referred to as irregular strain in this application. The flexible sheet layer 4 exhibits the effect of reinforcing the action against the irregular strain of the solar cell module 2. Therefore, typically, the flexible sheet layer 4 is disposed as close as possible to the solar cell module 2.

  Moreover, the material suitable as the flexible sheet layer 4 is a material that can substantially suppress the deformation to a non-expandable curved surface. The material of the flexible sheet layer 4 is typically metal or plastic, and the thickness is selected from about 0.2 to 2 mm.

Furthermore, a preferable property of a material suitable as the flexible sheet layer 4 is rigidity k:
k = (P / δ) × (L / w)
Can be specified. The rigidity k is measured by fixing a test piece of the flexible sheet layer 4 having a width w and applying a load P to a portion having a length L from the fixed portion (hereinafter referred to as “effective length L”). Is done. The displacement δ is a displacement according to the load P of the portion of the effective length L at that time. In addition, the strip-shaped test piece for a measurement shall be 5-15 cm in total length, and the effective length L shall be 4-14 cm. A preferable range of rigidity for the flexible sheet layer 4 is a range of 0.1 MN / m to 5 MN / m. In this range, the effect of preventing irregular distortion is good, and the property of deforming in accordance with the curved surface is sufficient.

  The rubber sheet layer 3 is the same as the rubber sheet layer 3 in the solar cell laminate 200 shown in FIG. 2, and the function thereof is also the same. That is, the rubber sheet layer 3 has an effect of preventing a gap from being generated between the solar cell module 2 and the paved road 1 after being attached, and an effect of dispersing stress. With these actions, the solar cell module 2 is prevented from being damaged when there is a load on the upper surface of the solar cell module 2. When the elastic modulus and thickness of the rubber sheet layer 3 are in the same range as that of the solar cell laminate 200, the effect of preventing the solar cell module 2 from being damaged is particularly high.

  In the solar cell stacked body 300 shown in FIG. 3, the flexible sheet layer 4 reinforces the action against irregular distortion generated in the solar cell module 2. For this reason, in the solar cell laminated body 300, irregular distortion is less likely to occur in the solar cell module 2. Therefore, damage to the solar cell module 2 in the solar cell stack 300 is more effectively suppressed as compared to the solar cell stack 200 shown in FIG.

  Also in the solar cell laminate 300 shown in FIG. 3, the fixing means between the members can be arbitrarily selected from mechanical fixing means such as an adhesive or a wrinkle. For the same reason as in the case of the solar cell laminate 100 and the solar cell laminate 200, a curing reaction type adhesive and a pressure sensitive type adhesive are advantageous as the adhesive layer 5, and the paved road 1 and the rubber sheet layer 3 are advantageous. Moisture curable silicone adhesives are also particularly suitable for bonding to the substrate.

  Thus, as shown as a 1st embodiment, the solar cell laminated body of this invention improves the practicality as a solar cell laminated body installed in a road by devising laminated structure.

<First Embodiment: Modification>

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, about the preferable example of the planar shape of the solar cell laminated body which can have the laminated structure similar to each solar cell laminated body 100, 200, 300 of 1st Embodiment. explain.

  In the solar cell laminate of the first embodiment, the solar cell module 2 is made into the solar cell modules 22 and 24 having notches, so that a more practical solar cell laminate is provided. In other words, the solar cell modules 22 and 24 of the solar cell stacks 400 and 500 according to the modified example of this embodiment have at least one cut. The cuts are such that one reaches the periphery of the solar cell stack and the other does not reach the periphery.

  Even when a road surface having a non-expandable curved surface is to be attached by providing a cut in a flexible solar cell module to form solar cell modules 22 and 24, the solar cell It is possible to mount the module with almost no air gap between the module and the road surface. By providing the cuts, the solar cell module can be easily deformed with respect to the displacement from the plane of the road surface or from the curved surface that is a developable surface to the curved surface that is a non-expandable surface. This is because compatibility is enhanced.

  These will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the structure of the solar cell laminate 400 of the present embodiment from the light receiving surface side. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the solar cell laminate 500 of the present embodiment from the light receiving surface side. Solar cell stacks 400 and 500 have cuts 6 and cuts 62 and 64, respectively. The solar cell modules 22 and 24 of the solar cell laminates 400 and 500 respectively have a plurality of solar cells 22C and 24C formed by using flexible substrates 22S and 24S such as a resin or a metal thin plate. .

  First, the cutting will be described. The notches 6 and the notches 62 and 64 are provided in association with the peripheral edges 410 and 510 of the solar cell stacks 400 and 500, respectively. Here, the peripheral edges 410 and 510 are edges that form a planar shape outline in the solar cell modules 22 and 24 of the solar cell stacks 400 and 500 when notches are not provided. One of the two notches 6 and 6 provided in the solar cell stack 400 reaches the side 414 of the four sides 412, 414, 416 and 418 forming the peripheral edge 410, while the other is Although it extends from the side 414 side toward the side 418, it does not reach any of the sides 412 to 418. In this way, the slits 6 and 6 are elongated and one reaches the periphery and the other does not reach the periphery. Similarly, the two cuts 62 and 62 provided in the solar cell stack 500 are elongated, and one of them extends to the side 514 of the four sides 512, 514, 516 and 518 forming the peripheral edge 510. On the other hand, the other extends from the side 514 toward the side 518, but does not reach any of the sides 512 to 518. The two notches 64 and 64 are the same except that one of them reaches another side 518. 4 and 5 are indicated by lines slightly shifted from the outermost sides of the solar cell modules 22 and 24 except for the notched portions in the drawing.

  The number of cuts provided in the solar cell modules 22 and 24 is for illustration only. For example, the notches 6 and 6 are not particularly limited to the two illustrated in the solar cell module 22 but are provided in an arbitrary number of 1 or more. Similarly, the cuts 62 and 64 of the solar cell module 24 are also provided in an arbitrary number of 1 or more, and the number of the cuts 62 and the cuts 64 may or may not match. Further, it is not necessary that the notches 62 and 64 are arranged in the vertical direction on the paper surface as shown in FIG. 5. For example, the notches 62 and the notches 64 are alternately arranged. can do.

  The solar cell stacks 400 and 500 are drawn so that the left-right direction of the paper is the longitudinal direction of the paper, and the cut 6 and the cuts 62 and 64 are formed in the direction extending in the longitudinal direction. However, this is for illustration only. For example, the solar cell module 22 of the solar cell stacked body 400 in FIG. 4 has a larger number of cuts than the illustrated one, extends longer in the vertical direction of the paper, and the sides 414 and 418 are the sides 412 and 416. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that is similar or longer. Furthermore, even if the solar cell module 22 of the solar cell stack 400 of FIG. 4 has the side 414 and the side 418 having the same aspect ratio as that shown in FIG. It is also possible to form such that one of the side 412 or the side 416 reaches the peripheral edge 410. In that case, the solar cells 22C are arranged so as to extend up and down in the drawing. Further, the cuts 6, 62 and 64 (abbreviated as “cut 6 etc.”) are not limited to those extending vertically from each side. Further, the shape of the notch 6 or the like is not limited to the shape extending on the illustrated straight line, but may be a polygonal line, a curved line, a meandering polygonal line, a sawtooth waveform, or other shapes. In addition, the incision 6 and the like can be expected to have an accompanying effect of increasing the coefficient of friction with respect to the tire of the vehicle traveling on the road 1 and promoting drainage in the event of rain.

  Next, the connection part 7 in the solar cell modules 22 and 24 will be described. In the solar cell modules 22 and 24 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the connecting portion 7 is provided on the extension of the direction in which the notch 6 or the like extends so as not to reach the peripheral edge. In the extension of the notch 6 in the solar cell module 22, a connecting portion 7 is provided between the side 418. In the extension of the cuts 62 and 64 in one solar cell module 24, a connecting portion 7 is provided between the cuts 62 and 64.

  Then, the solar battery cells 22C and 24C included in the solar battery modules 22 and 24 will be described. In the solar cell stacks 400 and 500 illustrated as examples, the solar cells 22C and 24C are also formed in an elongated shape extending generally in the direction in which the cuts extend, and are arranged in a portion between the cuts arranged side by side. Is done. As described above, the solar cells 22C and 24C are arranged according to the shapes of the notches 6, 62 and 64 and the connecting portion 7. Conversely, it can be said that the notches 6, 62, 64 and the connecting portion 7 are provided in conformity with the arrangement of the solar cells 22C, 24C.

  As a result, the solar cells 22C and 24C are arranged in a comb-like shape between adjacent ones of the cuts 6 and the cuts 62 and 64. This arrangement can be characterized by paying attention to individual aspects of the solar cells 22C, 24C, even if paying attention to another aspect. That is, attention is paid to at least one end of the long solar cells 22C and 24C in the length direction. The edge part is an edge in three sides of the width direction and the longitudinal direction seen from the edge part, both the width direction and the extending direction of the edge part, and one comb tooth of the comb tooth As shown, the extending portions 422, 424, 426, 522, 524, 526, 532, 534, and 536 extend from the other side in the length direction.

  The effects of the cuts 6, 62, and 64 in the solar cell modules 22 and 24 are the solar cell module 22 and the solar cell module even when the road surface 1F having a non-developable curved surface is to be attached. 24 and the road surface 1F can be mounted with almost no gap. Each extension part 422 to 426, 522 to 526, 532 to 536 (abbreviated as “extension part 422 etc.”) is adapted to the shape of the road surface 1F independently from the position where it extends from the connecting part 7 to some extent. It is to do. And the connection part 7 plays the role which ensures the integrity of each comb-tooth part of the solar cell modules 22 and 24 at the time of installation in such a solar cell laminated body 400 and 500. FIG.

  In addition, about the dimension shown in relation to the solar cell laminated bodies 400 and 500 (solar cell modules 22 and 24), it changes suitably according to the conditions and preparation conditions of an installation place. Hereinafter, the guideline in the case of changing the dimension shown with respect to the solar cell laminated bodies 400 and 500 of the same periphery is demonstrated.

First, reducing the width W _c of such extension portion 422, generally, the compatibility is improved by deformation on the shape of the road surface 1F. However, reducing the width W _c of such extension portion 422, the power generation amount is reduced. This is for protection from the outside, the solar cell 22C, it is impossible to match the width of 24C in the width W _c, a predetermined margin only only inside the solar cell 22C in the width W _c, the 24C This is related to the inability to place. For reducing the width W _c of such extending portion 422, which is a placing multiple incisions 6 or the like to the solar cell laminate 400 and 500 of the same circumference, the area of the solar cell 22C, 24C The rate drops. Consequently, reducing the width W _c of such extended portion 422 keeps the shape of the solar cell modules 22 and 24, it become difficult to secure a substantial power area of the solar cell 22C, 24C.

Further, the width W _d of such cuts 6, when set large, for generally even to a curved surface of the same degree of road surface 1F, hardly overlap extension portions next to each other, also, the shape of the road surface 1F Good compatibility due to deformation. However, also in this case, it becomes difficult to secure a substantial power generation area of the solar cells 22C and 24C, and the power generation amount is reduced.

Further, the length L _a of the connecting portion 7, compatibility is improved by deformation is shortened on the shape of the road surface 1F. This is because the cut 6 or the like is not provided in the range of the connecting portion 7. However, if the length L _a of the connecting portion 7 is too short, connecting part 7 or broken, the electrical connection that is embedded as required on the connecting portion 7 is easily damaged or.

Based on the above guidelines, the conditions of the installation road surface 1F, the mechanical strength of the solar cell laminates 400 and 500, whether the solar cell laminate 400 or the solar cell laminate 500, the rubber sheet layer 3 Depending on various conditions such as the presence or absence of the flexible sheet layer 4, the dimensions of the respective parts of the solar cell modules 22 and 24 are determined. For example, it is desirable that L _a ≦ 5 cm, W _c ≦ 5 cm, and W _d ≧ 0.01 × L _b , but this is not limitative.

  Further, the specific manufacturing method such as the cut 6 in the solar cell modules 22 and 24 is not particularly limited. For example, the solar cell modules 22 and 24 can be manufactured by once manufacturing a rectangular solar cell module having the peripheral edge 410 or the peripheral edge 510 and then providing a notch. As another manufacturing method, a large number of long solar cell module parts individually having the solar cells 22C and 24C are manufactured, and then a plurality of solar cell module parts are integrated by the portion of the connecting portion 7. The solar cell modules 22 and 24 can also be manufactured. It is also possible to form the notches 6 and the like in the solar cell modules 22 and 24 by devising a mold or the like. Therefore, the notches 6 and the like in the present embodiment are expressed to specify the shape, and it is not always necessary that cutting such as cutting is actually used.

  Next, the laminated structure of the solar cell laminates 400 and 500 of this embodiment will be described. The solar cell laminates 400 and 500 including the solar cell modules 22 and 24 both have the same laminated structure as that of any of the solar cell laminates 100, 200, and 300 described in detail in the first embodiment, in a planar area. At least some of them.

Specifically, like the solar cell laminate 200 shown in FIG. 2, the rubber sheet layer 3 is laminated on the back surface opposite to the light receiving surfaces of the solar cell modules 22 and 24. In that case, the preferable ranges (L _a ≦ 5 cm, W _c ≦ 5 cm, W _d ≧ 0.01 × L _b ) as the dimensions of the respective parts of the solar cell modules 22 and 24 are similarly preferable ranges, for example, L _a ≦ 10 cm, W _c ≦ 10 cm, W _d ≧ 0.01 × L _b As can be seen from the description of the above-described guidelines, such a difference in the preferable range brings about an effect of increasing the power generation amount in the solar cell modules 22 and 24.

  Further, the material, shape (planar shape, arrangement, thickness) and physical properties of the rubber sheet layer 3 are appropriately adjusted according to the conditions of the paved road to be applied and the properties of the solar cell modules 22 and 24. . Specifically, as for the thickness of the rubber sheet layer 3, generally, if the rubber sheet layer 3 is thin, the effect of eliminating voids is reduced, and if it is thick, the cost of the member increases. From the balance between the effect of eliminating voids and cost, for example, the thickness of the rubber sheet layer 3 is preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. In general, if the elastic modulus of the material of the rubber sheet layer 3 is low, the solar cell modules 22 and 24, particularly the solar cells 22C and 24C are easily deformed and damaged due to the load. On the other hand, when the elastic modulus is high, the effect of eliminating voids is reduced. When the present inventors examined, the range suitable as an elasticity modulus of the material of the rubber sheet layer 3 is 10,000 Pa or more and 1,000,000 Pa or less.

  Various modifications can be made in each embodiment described above. For example, in the case where the rubber sheet layer 3 or the flexible sheet layer 4 is adopted, the rubber sheet layer 3 or 22C and 24C are matched with the shape of the solar battery cells 2C, 22C and 24C to be prevented from being damaged. It is also effective to arrange the flexible sheet layer 4. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce a member cost and to achieve a required effect. It is also effective to employ the flexible sheet layer 4 in addition to the rubber sheet layer 3 in the solar cell laminates 400 and 500 in correspondence with the solar cell modules 22 and 24 having the notches 6 and the like described as the second embodiment. It is.

[Example]
Next, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples and comparative examples. The materials, ratios, processing contents, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.

[Example 1]
As Example 1 of the first embodiment, an example in which the solar cell stack 100 of FIG. 1 was produced will be described. In the present embodiment, it is actually confirmed that the solar cell stack 100 has sufficient practicality through an experiment in which the solar cell stack 100 is installed and operated for one year with the sidewalk where pedestrians pass as the paved road 1. This is a confirmed example. As the solar cell module 2, a flexible type having a width of 500 mm, a length of 4000 mm, a thickness of 0.85 mm, and an output of 110 W was used. As the paved road 1, a sidewalk paved with asphalt was selected. The road surface 1F of the sidewalk is the surface of an existing sidewalk that has been used for traffic even before the implementation of the first embodiment. The sidewalk is not only exposed to direct sunlight and exposed to wind and rain on the private property of the organization to which the inventor belongs, but also used for actual traffic for experiments to confirm long-term practicality. It was an outdoor sidewalk. The adhesive layer 5 was a 1 mm thick butyl rubber pressure sensitive adhesive.

  The time required for installing the solar cell laminate 100 of Example 1 on the paved road 1 for one sheet was 15 minutes. The total price of the adhesive used with the solar cell module 2 was about 50,000 yen per sheet of the solar cell laminate 100.

  In order to confirm the practicality of the solar cell laminate 100, the power generation operation of the solar cell module 2 as Example 1 was continued for one year after installation in the private land. In the meantime, on the working day of the organization, at least 500 pedestrians per day passed over the solar cell stack 100. And when the experiment period of the 1 year passed, when the solar cell module 2 of the solar cell laminated body 100 was observed, damage was not seen. Moreover, when the output of the solar cell module 2 after the experiment period passed was measured, the performance was not deteriorated. By this Example 1, it was confirmed that the solar cell module 2 of the solar cell laminate 100 has high practicality while maintaining the performance at the time of installation.

[Example 2]
Next, an example of the solar cell stack 200 in FIG. 2 will be described as Example 2 of the first embodiment. In this example, it is actually confirmed that the solar cell stack 200 has sufficient practicality through an experiment in which the roadway through which the vehicle passes is set as the paved road 1 and the solar cell stack 200 is installed and operated for one year. This is an example. As the solar cell laminate 200 of FIG. 2, the solar cell module 2 was installed on an existing roadway with concrete paving in the same site as that of Example 1. This roadway is not only exposed to direct sunlight and exposed to wind and rain on the private land of the organization to which the inventor belongs, but is also used for actual traffic for experiments to confirm long-term practicality. It was an outdoor roadway.

  As the solar cell module 2 for the solar cell laminate 200, the same type as in Example 1 was adopted. For the rubber sheet layer 3, a 5 mm thick EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber) rubber sheet was used. In addition to the adhesive layer 5 between the paved road 1 and the rubber sheet layer 3, a butyl rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 1 mm was also used for fixing the solar cell module 2 and the rubber sheet layer 3. In Example 2, the time required for installing the solar cell laminate 200 on the paved road 1 as a roadway was 30 minutes per sheet of the solar cell laminate 200. The total price of the solar cell module 2, the rubber sheet layer 3, and the used adhesive was 55,000 yen per sheet of the solar cell laminate 200.

  In order to confirm the practicality of the solar cell laminate 200, the power generation operation of the solar cell module 2 of Example 2 was continued for one year after installation in the private land. Meanwhile, on the working day of the organization, at least 300 vehicles passed over the solar cell laminate 200 per day. When the solar cell module 2 was observed after one year had passed, no damage was observed, and when the output was measured, no deterioration in performance was observed. By this Example 2, it was confirmed that the solar cell module 2 of Example 2 of the solar cell laminate 200 has high utility while maintaining the performance at the time of installation.

[Example 3]
Next, an example of the solar cell stack 300 in FIG. 3 will be described as Example 3 of the first embodiment. In this example, it is confirmed that the solar cell stack 300 has sufficient practicality through an experiment in which the roadway through which the vehicle passes is set as the paved road 1 and the solar cell stack 300 is installed and operated for one year. This is an example. As Example 3, a solar cell laminate 300 was installed on the same roadway as Example 2. The same solar cell module 2 and adhesive layer 5 for the solar cell laminate 300 of Example 3 as those of Examples 1 and 2 were employed. The same rubber sheet layer 3 as in Example 2 was used.

  For the flexible sheet layer 4, a steel plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm was used. In addition to the adhesive layer 5 for fixing the paved road 1 and the rubber sheet layer 3, a butyl rubber pressure sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 1 mm was used for fixing the solar cell module 2 and the flexible sheet layer 4. For fixing the rubber sheet layer 3 and the flexible sheet layer 4, a butyl rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 0.5 mm was used.

  The time required to install one sheet of the solar cell laminate 300 on the road surface 1F of the paved road 1 which is a roadway was 40 minutes. The total price of the solar cell module 2, the rubber sheet layer 3, the flexible sheet layer 4 and the used adhesive was 60,000 yen per sheet of the solar cell laminate 300.

  In order to confirm the practicality of the solar cell laminate 300, as Example 3, the power generation operation of the solar cell module 2 was continued for one year after installation in the private land. Meanwhile, at least 300 vehicles passed over the solar cell stack 300 every day. When the solar cell module 2 was observed after one year had passed, no damage was observed, and when the output was measured, no deterioration in performance was observed. According to this Example 3, it was confirmed that the solar cell module 2 of the solar cell laminate 300 has high practicality while maintaining the performance at the time of installation.

[Example 4]
Next, Example 4 using the solar cell stack 400 of FIG. 4 will be described as an example of the modification of the first embodiment. This example actually confirms that the solar cell stack 400 has sufficient practicality through an experiment in which the solar cell stack 400 is installed and operated for one year with the sidewalk where pedestrians pass as the paved road 1. This is an example. As Example 4, the solar cell laminate 400 was installed on the same sidewalk as in Example 1. Unlike the first to third embodiments, the solar cell module 22 for the solar cell stack 400 of the fourth embodiment employs a configuration including a large number of narrow and long solar cells 22C. The laminated structure of the solar cell laminate 400 produced as Example 4 was the same as that of the solar cell laminate 100 shown in FIG.

Specifically, various parts of the dimensions shown in the solar cell laminate 400, 5 cm and _{L a,} 300 cm and _{L b,} 5 cm and _{W c,} and to prepare a _{W d} such that 3 cm. The length of the side 414 was 77 cm, and nine cuts 6 having a width W _d (3 cm) were provided. The solar cell laminated body 400 produced in this shape was a shape having ten comb-tooth portions of FIG. 4 partitioned by the notch and the notch. In addition, the thickness of the solar cell laminated body 400 was 0.85 mm, and the output for one sheet of the solar cell laminated body 400 was 55 W. When the price of the solar cell laminate 400 in this configuration was calculated, it was 30,000 yen per sheet including the material cost when the adhesive layer 5 was a moisture curable silicone adhesive. For the output of 110 W, the cost of 60,000 yen for 2 sheets is required. In order to install on the road surface 1F of the paved road 1, which is a sidewalk, it was directly bonded with a moisture-curable silicone adhesive. The time required for the installation was 15 minutes when two sheets of the solar cell laminate 400 were installed.

  In order to confirm the practicality of the solar cell laminate 400, as Example 4, the power generation operation of the solar cell module 22 was continued for one year after installation in the private land. Meanwhile, at least 500 pedestrians passed over the solar cell stack 400 of Example 4 every day. When the solar cell module 22 was observed at the time when one year passed, no damage was observed, and when the output was measured, no deterioration in performance was observed. By this Example 4, it was confirmed that the solar cell laminate 400 has high utility while maintaining the performance at the time of installation.

[Example 5]
Furthermore, Example 5 which is a second example using the solar cell stack 400 of FIG. 4 will be described as an example of the modification of the first embodiment. In this example, it is confirmed that the solar cell stack 400 has sufficient practicality through an experiment in which the roadway through which the vehicle passes is set as the paved road 1 and the solar cell stack 400 is installed and operated for one year. This is an example. As Example 5, solar cell laminate 400 was installed on the same roadway as in Examples 2 and 3. The solar cell module 22 for the solar cell stack 400 in Example 5 was the same as that in Example 4. However, the laminated structure of the solar cell laminate 400 produced as Example 5 was the same as that of the solar cell laminate 200 shown in FIG.

  Specifically, the rubber sheet layer 3 was disposed on the back surface opposite to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 22 similar to that in Example 4. As the rubber sheet layer 3, an EPDM rubber sheet (elastic modulus 100000 Pa) having a thickness of 5 mm was employed. For installation, in addition to the adhesive layer 5 between the paved road 1 and the rubber sheet layer 3, a 1-mm-thick butyl rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive was used for fixing the solar cell module 2 and the rubber sheet layer 3. The time required to install the solar cell laminate 400 of Example 5 on the paved road 1 that is a roadway was 50 minutes when two solar cell laminates 400 were installed. The total price of the solar cell module 2, the rubber sheet layer 3 and the used adhesive based on the estimated price is 35,000 yen per sheet of the solar cell laminate 400, and 2 for 110W output. The member cost for installing the solar cell laminate 400 for the sheet was 70,000 yen.

  As Example 5, the power generation operation of the solar cell module 22 included in the solar cell stack 400 was continued for one year after installation in the private land. Meanwhile, on the working day of the organization, at least 300 vehicles per day passed over the solar cell stack 400 of Example 5. When the solar cell module 22 was observed at the time when one year passed, no damage was observed, and when the output was measured, no deterioration in performance was observed. By this Example 5, it was confirmed that the solar cell module 22 of the solar cell laminate 400 has high practicality while maintaining the performance at the time of installation.

  In addition, about each experiment performed in Examples 1-5, the road in which each solar cell laminated body was installed is a road in a private land site managed by the organization to which the inventors of the present application belong, including the roadway and the sidewalk. Met. The contents of the experiment could not be heard from outside the site for the duration of the experiment. Furthermore, everyone who actually passed over each solar cell stack or entered a spatial range where the contents of the experiment could be recognized was obliged to keep confidential the contents of each experiment over the experiment period.

[Comparative Example: Comparative Example 1]
As a comparative example 1, 22 transparent blocks having a built-in rigid (non-flexible) solar cell module with an output of 5 W are provided on the same sidewalk as in Example 1, that is, an existing sidewalk paved with asphalt. installed. For this installation, it was necessary to remove the existing pavement. Further, in order to fix the transparent block, it was necessary to fix the transparent block with asphalt. The time required for installing the comparative example was about 5 hours as the time for installing 22 transparent blocks of 110 W. The total price of the 22 transparent blocks was 110,000 yen.

[Comparative Example: Comparative Example 2]
As Comparative Example 2, a crystalline silicon panel type solar cell module having a length of 500 mm and a width of 4000 mm is installed with an adhesive on a sidewalk similar to that of Example 1, that is, an existing sidewalk paved with pedestrian traffic. did. As the adhesive, a moisture-curing silicone adhesive was used and adhered directly on the sidewalk. After installation, two adults (weight 50 kg each) got on the solar cell module at the same time, and the crystalline silicon-based solar cell module was damaged.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been specifically described above. The above-described embodiments and examples are described for explaining the invention, and the scope of the invention of the present application should be determined based on the description of the claims. Moreover, the modification which exists in the scope of the present invention including other combinations of each embodiment is also included in a claim.

  The present invention contributes to realizing a road equipped with solar cells.

100, 200, 300, 400, 500 Solar cell laminate 1 Paved road 1F Road surface 2, 22, 24 Solar cell module 2C, 22C, 24C Solar cell 2S, 22S, 24S Flexible substrate 3 Rubber sheet layer 4 Flexible Sheet layer 410, 510 Periphery 412-418, 512-518 Side 422-426, 522-526, 532-536 Extension part 5 Adhesive layer 6, 62, 62 Notch 7 Connection part

Claims (12)

Including solar cells formed on a flexible substrate,
A solar cell module for road surface installation that is installed to cover at least a part of the road surface in conformity with the shape of the road surface, which may be a flat surface or a curved surface. The solar cell module for road surface installation according to claim 1, wherein one has at least one incision that reaches a peripheral edge of the solar cell module and the other does not reach the peripheral edge. The solar cell module for road surface installation according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of extending portions having edges on three sides of the four sides have planar portions connected by connecting portions. The solar cell module for road surface installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a rubber sheet layer on a back surface opposite to the light receiving surface. The flexible sheet layer which is laminated | stacked adjacent to the back surface opposite to a light-receiving surface, and shows flexibility while maintaining this solar cell module in the shape of a developable surface is further provided. The solar cell module for road surface installation as described in a term. The solar cell module for road surface installation according to claim 5, wherein a value of rigidity k of the flexible sheet layer is 0.1 MN / m or more and 5 MN / m or less. A road where at least a part of the road surface is covered with a solar cell module;
The solar cell module covers at least a part of the road surface in conformity with the shape of the road surface, which may be a flat surface or a curved surface, and includes solar cells formed on a flexible substrate and exhibits flexibility. Is the road. The road according to claim 7, wherein one of the solar cell modules has at least one notch that reaches the periphery of the solar cell module and the other does not reach the periphery. The road according to claim 7, wherein the solar cell module has a planar portion in which a plurality of extending portions whose edges are three sides of four sides are connected by a connecting portion. The road according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the solar cell module further includes a rubber sheet layer on a back surface opposite to a light receiving surface of the solar cell module. The solar cell module is laminated on the back surface opposite to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module in the vicinity of the solar cell module, and exhibits flexibility while maintaining the shape of the solar cell module in a developable surface shape. The road according to any one of claims 7 to 10, further comprising a flexible sheet layer. A solar cell construction method for covering at least a part of a road surface with a solar cell module,
Preparing a solar cell module that includes solar cells formed on a flexible substrate and exhibits flexibility;
Installing the solar cell module on the road surface so as to cover at least a part of the road surface in conformity with the shape of the road surface, which may be a flat surface or a curved surface.

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