JP2013036229A - Water gate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water gate which can surely discharge water with a simple structure and without requiring power even when the amount of water flowing through a water passage is small, and can surely close a drain port to prevent a backflow when a water level of the downstream side is higher than that of the upstream side.SOLUTION: In a water gate 1 where a door body 3 is swingably provided in a water passage 2 and swings to open/close a drain port 2a of the water passage 2, a shaft 4 which swingably supports the door body 3 is disposed on one side 30 of the door body 3, a swing axis line C of the door body 3 by the shaft 4 is offset by a predetermined length δ at a position on the downstream side of a position of a center of gravity Wg2 of the door body 3 in a state closing the drain port 2a, and the swing axis line C is inclined to the vertical V at an angle θ so that the upper end of the swing axis line C is positioned closer to the water passage 2 side than the lower end thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sluice, and more particularly to a sluice installed in a river, a coast, a dam or the like.

  Rivers, coasts, dams, etc. are provided with sluices that open and close the doors according to the water levels upstream and downstream of the waterway. As a conventional technique of such a sluice gate, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, one that opens and closes by raising and lowering a door body is known. As shown in FIG. 6, such a sluice raises the door 3 ′ to open the drain 2 a ′ of the sluice 1 ′ when the water in the water channel 2 ′ is drained from the upstream side to the downstream side. Further, when the water level on the downstream side rises, the door body 3 ′ is lowered to close the drain port 2 a ′ of the sluice 1 ′ to prevent water from flowing backward from the downstream side to the upstream side.

  In such a sluice 1 ′, generally, a gate pillar 60 ′ that slidably supports both sides of the door body 3 ′ and guides its up-and-down movement, and a floor board 61 provided so as to straddle the gate pillar 60 ′. And an elevating device 62 'provided on the floor plate 61' for driving the elevating and lowering of the door body 3 '. The elevating device 62' is a power source such as an electric motor when the door body 3 'is relatively large. And those that are manually operated when the door body 3 'is relatively small. In general, the lifting device 62 ′ has an auxiliary mechanism that can manually lift and lower the door body 3 ′ even when the power source is lost, even if power is used. In such a sluice 1 ′, in general, not only in the case of the lifting device 62 ′ that is manually operated, but also in the case where the lifting device 62 ′ that uses power is adopted, a person performs a switch operation or the like. When the door 3 'is raised and lowered to open and close, and when the power source is lost, a person goes from the embankment 64' across the management bridge 63 'to operate the auxiliary mechanism of the lifting device 62'. Become.

  As another conventional technique, a door body is provided on the upper part of the drainage outlet of the waterway so as to be swingable through a hinge. When the downstream water level is lower than the upstream water level, the water flowing through the waterway is If the water pressure swings around the hinge so that the lower end of the door opens the drain, and the water level on the downstream side is higher than the water level on the upstream side, the lower end of the door body is moved by the water pressure on the downstream side. A so-called flap gate is known which swings around a hinge so as to block the drain port and prevent backflow from the downstream side to the upstream side. In the flap gate, the upper part of the flap gate is swingably supported by a hinge so that the door body always closes the drainage port of the water channel.

JP-A-8-85934

  In the above conventional technology, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the case where the door body 3 ′ is moved up and down by the lifting device 62 ′ using power, the power source is lost particularly due to power failure. Since it is necessary to manually operate the auxiliary mechanism of the elevating device 62 ′ to raise and lower the relatively large door body 3 ′, the sluice 1 ′ is not delayed according to fluctuations in the upstream and downstream water levels. There is a problem that the drainage port 2a 'cannot be opened and closed. Further, in the sluice 1 ′ having a structure for raising and lowering the door body 3 ′, even if the lifting device 62 ′ uses power, a person must raise and lower the door body 3 ′ by a switch operation or the like. In addition, there is a problem that a safety check must be performed by a person, such as whether dust or the like that hinders the up-and-down movement of the door body 3 ′ is attached to the gate pillar 60 ′. Furthermore, in the sluice 1 'having a structure for raising and lowering the door body 3', it is necessary to provide a gate column 60 'for guiding the raising and lowering movement of the door body 3' and a floor plate 61 'for installing the lifting device 62'. Therefore, since the structure is enlarged, a relatively large installation area is required, and there is a problem that a place where the sluice 1 'is installed is limited or costs are increased.

  Moreover, in what is called a flap gate among the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the upper part is supported by a hinge so that the door body always closes the drain outlet of the water channel, and the amount of water flowing through the water channel is small. If the water level is low (the water level on the upstream side is low) and it is difficult to swing the door body to open depending on the water pressure, drainage will continue until the water level in the water channel rises sufficiently to open the door body. The problem is that the water cannot be drained from the mouth, or dust that flows down accumulates in the water channel, clogs the water channel, or is sandwiched between the water channel drain port when the door is opened, and the downstream water level As a result, it becomes impossible to reliably block the drain port when the flow rate becomes high, and as a result, there is a problem that it is impossible to reliably prevent the backflow upstream. And in order to solve these problems, it is necessary to provide a drive means for opening and closing the door body regardless of the upstream and downstream water levels. There were problems such as the location where the flap gate was installed was limited and the cost was high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can be surely drained even when the amount of water flowing through the water channel is small, with a simple configuration, without requiring power, and An object of the present invention is to provide a sluice that can reliably block a drain outlet and prevent backflow when the downstream water level is higher than the upstream water level.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a sluice having a door body swingably provided in the water channel, and the door body swings to open and close the drain outlet of the water channel. A shaft that pivotably supports the door body is disposed on one side of the door body, and the pivot axis of the door body by the shaft is the door in a state where the drain port is closed. It is characterized in that it is inclined with respect to the vertical so that the upper end of the body is located downstream of the center of gravity of the body and the upper end of the body is located closer to the water channel than the lower end.

  A shaft that supports the door body in a swingable manner is disposed on one side of the door body, and the swing axis of the door body by this shaft is downstream of the center of gravity of the door body in a state where the drain outlet is closed. The door body is slightly inclined so that it does not receive the water pressure of the water flowing through the water channel by being inclined with respect to the vertical so that its upper end is positioned on the water channel side of the lower end. It will be in the open state. When a large amount of water flows through the water channel and the water pressure becomes high, the other side portion of the door body swings around the swing axis so that the door body is further opened from the slightly opened state with respect to the drain port. . In addition, when the water pressure on the downstream side of the drain port rises and the water pressure on the downstream side becomes higher than the upstream side, the door body is pressed by the water pressure on the downstream side and slightly opened to the drain port. Therefore, the other side portion swings around the swing axis so as to close the drain port.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the shaft that supports the door body in a swingable manner is disposed on one side of the door body, and the swing axis of the door body by the shaft closes the drain port. In such a state, the water flowing through the water channel is constructed with a simple configuration in which the upper end of the door body is inclined with respect to the vertical position so that the upper end is positioned on the water channel side with respect to the lower end of the door body. Since the door body opens slightly with no water pressure, even when the water pressure on the upstream side is low, such as when the amount of water flowing through the channel is small, water is reliably drained from upstream to downstream. In addition, when a large amount of water flows through the water channel, the other side around the swing axis so that the door body is further opened from the slightly opened state with respect to the drain outlet due to the increase in water pressure. Because the part swings without power, such a large amount of water If the water pressure rises because the water level on the downstream side of the drain port rises, etc., the door body is pressed by the water pressure on the downstream side. Since the other side part swings without power by the swing axis so as to close the drain port from the open state, it is surely prevented that the downstream water flows backward from the drain port without delay. be able to.

It is the top view which showed the state which closed the drain outlet in order to demonstrate one Embodiment of the sluice of this invention. It is a side view of FIG. It is a front view of FIG. It is the top view shown in order to demonstrate the normal state by which the door body is not pressed by water pressure, and the drain outlet is not obstruct | occluded or opened completely. FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4. It is the side view shown in order to demonstrate the outline of the sluice which moves up and down the conventional door body.

One embodiment of the sluice gate of the present invention will be described mainly based on FIGS. In FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, the left side is the upstream side and the right side is the downstream side.
The sluice 1 of the present invention is generally provided with a door body 3 swingable on a water channel 2, and the door body 3 swings to open and close the drain port 2 a of the water channel 2. A shaft 4 that supports the body 3 in a swingable manner is disposed on one side portion 30 of the door body 3, and the swing axis C of the door body 3 by the shaft 4 is a door in a state where the drain port 2a is closed. An angle with respect to the vertical V so that the upper end of the swing axis C is offset from the lower end of the body 3 by a predetermined length δ to a position downstream of the position of the center of gravity Wg2 of the body 3. It is inclined at θ.

  The water channel 2 in this embodiment is constituted by a soot tube having a substantially rectangular cross section perpendicular to the water flow. As shown in FIG. 6, the water channel 2 is composed of an inner water area such as a tributary river inside the embankment (left side in FIG. 6) and an outer water area such as a river, coast, or dam (right side in FIG. 6). It is provided in between. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 3, the water channel 2 in this embodiment has a substantially rectangular cross section. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. It can also be applied to waterways. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5, a vertical wall surface 20 is formed around the drain outlet 2 a of the water channel 2. Further, a groove 21 wider than the water channel 2 is provided downstream of the water outlet 2 a of the water channel 2 in order to allow water to flow into the outside water area.

  The door body 3 is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape according to the cross section of the water channel 2. Here, the upper and lower edges of the door body 3 shown in the front view in FIG. 3 are the upper and lower parts, and the left and right edges of the door body 3 are one side part (the base end side connected to the shaft 4) 30 and the other side part. (Free end side not connected to the shaft 4) 31. Brackets 40 and 41 connected to the shaft 4 are provided at the upper and lower ends of one side edge 30 of the door body 3. The tip of the brackets 40 and 41 connected to the shaft 4 is located at the center axis line of the shaft 4 from the position of the center of gravity Wg2 of the door 3 when the door 3 closes the drain outlet 2a as shown in FIG. Extends so as to be offset downstream by a predetermined length δ.

  In this embodiment, bearings 50 and 51 for supporting the upper and lower ends of the shaft 4 are provided on the vertical wall surface 20 or the side wall surface of the groove 21 around the drain port 2a. In this embodiment, the portion that receives the shaft 4 of the upper bearing 50 extends so as to be positioned closer to the water channel 2 than the portion that receives the shaft 4 of the lower bearing 51. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the central axis of the shaft 4 is inclined by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the vertical V so that the upper end thereof is positioned on the water channel 2 side with respect to the lower end.

  The shaft 4 is fixed so as not to rotate with respect to both the bearings 50 and 51, and the brackets 40 and 41 are configured to rotate with respect to the shaft 4. The shaft 4 can be fixed so as not to rotate, and the shaft 4 can be configured to rotate with respect to both the bearings 50 and 51. In any case, in this embodiment, the lengths of the brackets 40 and 41 are substantially the same, and the swing axis C of the door body 3 coincides with the central axis of the shaft 4. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the upper bracket 40 is supported by the two bearings 50 and 51 so that the center axis of the shaft 4 is vertical V, and the lower bracket 41 is supported. The brackets 40 and 41 may be connected to the vertical shaft 4 so as to be longer. That is, the swing axis C of the door body 3 is not necessarily coincident with the central axis of the shaft 4 and is inclined by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the vertical V so that the upper end thereof is located on the water channel 2 side with respect to the lower end. What is necessary is just to comprise.

  In the sluice 1 configured as described above, the swing axis C of the door body 3 is located downstream of the position of the center of gravity Wg2 of the door body 3 in a state where the drain port 2a is closed (this state is referred to as a closed state). Since it is inclined by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the vertical V so that the fixed amount δ is positioned and its upper end is positioned closer to the water channel 2 than the lower end, when water does not flow through the water channel 2 or FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, when the door 3 does not receive the water pressure of the water flowing through the water channel 2, such as when only a small amount of water flows through the water channel 2, the center of gravity Wg1 of the door 3 is The position coincides with a substantially extended line in the direction in which the shaft 4 is inclined, and compared with the positions of the gravity centers Wg2 (closed position) and Wg3 (fully opened position) in other states as shown in FIG. The door 3 is slightly open to the drain 2a. It is in a state (this state is referred to as a reference state). Therefore, a small amount of water flowing through the water channel 2 can flow out from the drain port 2a to the downstream outer water area, and dust contained in the flowing water is sandwiched between the door body 3 and the drain port 2a. There is nothing.

  When the amount of water flowing through the water channel 2 increases and the door body 3 is pressed, the door body 3 is caused to swing by the water pressure of the flowing water C (in this embodiment, the central axis of the shaft 4). The door body 3 further opens the drainage port 2a in the range from the reference state to the fully open state (see the chain line shown in FIGS. 1 and 5), and a large amount of water flows downstream. Can be discharged to the outside water area. As shown in FIG. 5, the position of the center of gravity Wg3 when the door body 3 is fully open is higher than the position of the center of gravity Wg2 when the door body 3 is closed with the drain port 2a. Therefore, when the door body 3 swings from the reference state to the closed state, a return moment is generated that acts to return to the reference state due to its own weight. Accordingly, when the door body 3 is not pressed by the water flowing through the water channel 2, the door body 3 itself returns to the reference state without using power.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when the water level in the outer water area becomes higher than the water level in the inner water area or the water channel 2 (that is, when the water level on the downstream side of the drain port 2a becomes higher than the water level on the upstream side). ), The door body 3 is pressed by the water pressure in the outside water area, and the door body 3 is moved to the reference position around the swing axis C (the central axis of the shaft 4 in this embodiment) without using power. Then, the door body 3 can be prevented from flowing backward from the downstream side to the upstream side of the drain port 2a by reliably closing the drain port 2a from the state where the drain port 2a is slightly opened.

  According to the present invention, the downstream offset amount δ and the offset angle θ of the swing axis of the door body can be arbitrarily changed according to the size and weight of the door body, the assumed water flow rate, and the like.

  1: sluice, 2: water channel, 3: door body, 4: shaft, 2a: drainage port, C: swing axis, δ: downstream offset amount, θ: offset angle, Wg1: center of gravity of the door body in the reference state, Wg2: Center of gravity when the door is closed Wg3: Center of gravity when the door is fully open

Claims (1)

A door body is swingably provided in the water channel, and a sluice that opens and closes the drainage port of the water channel when the door body swings,
A shaft for swingably supporting the door body is disposed on one side of the door body,
The axis of swinging of the door body by the shaft is vertical so that the drain body is closed at a position downstream of the center of gravity of the door body and its upper end is located on the water channel side of the lower end. A sluice characterized by slanting.