JP2013030386A - Fluorescent lamp and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluorescent lamp which has high efficiency and a high luminous flux maintenance factor and reduces peeling of phosphor particles, and to provide a luminaire using the fluorescent lamp.SOLUTION: A fluorescent lamp comprises: a glass bulb (2) which has the inside filled with a discharge medium and is formed into a circular shape; a phosphor layer (4) formed at an inner face of the glass bulb; and a pair of electrode means (5 and 5') that are provided at the glass bulb. The phosphor layer is formed of phosphor particles with an average particle size of 3.4 to 6.0 μm, and binder particles with 1.1 to 2.5% in weight of the phosphor particles. The binder particles contain alumina particles with a primary particle size of 5 to 15 nm, and a weight of the alumina particle is to be 0.1 to 0.7% of that of the phosphor particle.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluorescent lamp and a lighting device using the fluorescent lamp.

  In recent years, fluorescent lamps with high efficiency and high luminous flux maintenance factor have been developed. One factor that determines the efficiency and luminous flux maintenance factor of the fluorescent lamp is the binder that forms the phosphor layer together with the phosphor particles (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In a fluorescent lamp, a mercury pellet is often enclosed in a tube, and a borate binder is generally used to prevent the phosphor from being peeled off by the mercury pellet during transportation. This borate-based binder is melted at the time of firing the glass bulb coated with the phosphor layer, whereby the phosphor layer is firmly bonded to the inner surface of the glass. The fluorescent lamp obtained in this way is advantageous in that the film strength of the phosphor is strong and appearance defects such as peeling can be prevented. However, borates can cause various disadvantages. For example, the sodium component in the glass becomes a passage for moving to the phosphor layer, and when it melts and covers the phosphor surface, it easily adsorbs mercury and its compounds. As a result, the initial luminous flux and the luminous flux maintenance factor are reduced.

  If the addition amount of the borate binder is reduced, the problem due to borate can be reduced, but in this case, the film strength of the phosphor is lowered. During the manufacturing process and transportation, the mercury-filled pellets enclosed in the lamp move in the arc tube, causing the phosphor to peel off.

  Note that as a means for improving the total luminous flux of the fluorescent lamp, it is possible to use phosphor particles having good crystallinity. As the crystal grows, the particle size of the phosphor particles increases, and the surface area decreases. In order to secure the same total luminous flux as that of the phosphor particles having a small particle diameter, the amount of the phosphor particles having a large particle diameter must be increased. However, when the adhesion amount is increased, the strength of the phosphor film is lowered, and peeling or the like frequently occurs.

Japanese Patent No. 3438717

  As described above, in the fluorescent lamp, it is difficult to increase the efficiency and the luminous flux maintenance factor while ensuring the film strength of the phosphor layer, and it is also possible to achieve both the initial luminous flux and the luminous flux maintenance factor at a high level. Not.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a fluorescent lamp having high efficiency and luminous flux maintenance factor, and reduced peeling of phosphor particles, and an illumination device using the fluorescent lamp. Objective.

  The fluorescent lamp of the present invention includes a glass bulb in which a discharge medium is enclosed; phosphor particles having an average particle diameter of 3.4 to 6.0 μm on the inner surface of the glass bulb, and a weight of the phosphor particles of 1. The binder particles are formed of 1 to 2.5% binder particles, and the binder particles include alumina particles having a primary particle diameter of 5 to 15 nm. The weight of the alumina particles is 0.1 to 0.1% of the weight of the phosphor particles. A phosphor layer that is 0.7%; and a pair of electrode means disposed on the glass bulb.

  The pair of electrode means may be a hot cathode type electrode using a filament coil or a cold cathode type electrode. In short, any electrode may be used as long as it causes electric discharge in the glass bulb. For example, an external electrode may be used.

  When it is necessary to turn on the lamp at a high output, it is preferable to use a triple coil for the hot cathode type electrode. The electrode means is supported by a lead wire, and the wire is sealed and supported by a flare stem, a button stem, a bead stem, a pinch seal portion, or the like. A thin tube for exhaust or mercury alloy storage may be attached to the stem or the like.

  The present invention is not limited to a general fluorescent lamp, and is also applicable to a rapid start type fluorescent lamp in which a transparent conductor film is provided on the inner surface of the bulb and a protective film and a phosphor layer are formed on the surface of the conductor film on the airtight space it can.

  The glass bulb is made of soft glass such as soda lime glass or lead glass, and the thickness of the bulb is preferably about 0.8 to 1.3 mm, but is not limited thereto.

  The tube outer diameter of the glass bulb can be in the range of 15-18 mm.

  It is known that fluorescent lamps generally improve lamp efficiency if the tube diameter is reduced. In order to improve the lamp efficiency of the conventional fluorescent lamp by 10% or more, it has been confirmed by experiments that the outer diameter of the tube needs to be reduced to 65% or less. That is, in a glass bulb having a thickness of about 1 mm, the outer diameter of the tube may be 18 mm or less. Further, according to this size, it has been visually confirmed that thinning as a fluorescent lamp can be sufficiently satisfied.

  If the outer diameter of the tube is less than 15 mm, even if the lamp efficiency is numerically satisfied, the light output equivalent to that of a conventional fluorescent lamp cannot be obtained, which is not practical.

  The rare gas sealed in the bulb as a discharge medium includes argon, neon, krypton, and the like.

  As the phosphor constituting the phosphor layer on the inner surface of the bulb, known phosphors such as a three-wavelength emission phosphor and a halophosphate phosphor can be used. Considering the luminous efficiency, it is preferable to use a wavelength-emitting phosphor.

  As the phosphor of the three-wavelength emission type, BaMg2Al16O27: Eu2 + as a blue phosphor having an emission peak wavelength near 450 nm, (La, Ce, Tb) PO4, 610 nm as a green phosphor having an emission peak wavelength near 540 nm. Y2O3: Eu3 + or the like is applicable as a red phosphor having an emission peak wavelength in the vicinity, but is not limited thereto.

However, the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles used in the present invention is specified to be 3.4 to 6.0 μm. When the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles is less than 3.4 μm, the total luminous flux of the fluorescent lamp cannot be increased, and when it exceeds 6.0 μm, the film strength of the phosphor is lowered. The average particle diameter of the phosphor particles is preferably in the range of 4.4 to 5.5 μm. In addition, the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles is Fisher Sub Sieve.
It can obtain | require by Sizer (FSSS method) etc.

  In addition to such phosphor particles, 1.1 to 2.5% binder particles by weight of the phosphor particles are contained in the phosphor layer. The binder particles include alumina particles having a primary particle diameter of 5 to 15 nm, and the weight of the alumina particles is defined as 0.1 to 0.7% of the weight of the phosphor particles. When the weight of the binder particles is less than 1.1% of the weight of the phosphor particles, the film strength of the phosphor layer cannot be ensured. On the other hand, when the weight exceeds 2.5%, the phosphor slurry Thus, the phosphor layer cannot be formed.

  When the primary particle diameter of the alumina particles exceeds 15 nm, the film strength of the phosphor layer is lowered and peeling occurs. On the other hand, alumina particles having a primary particle size of less than 5 nm are difficult to handle. The primary particle size of the alumina particles can be determined from an SEM photograph or the like. When the alumina particles are less than 0.1% by weight, the film strength of the phosphor layer is reduced and peeling occurs, and when it exceeds 0.7% by weight, the phosphor slurry gels to form a phosphor layer. I can't. The amount of alumina particles added is more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.5% by weight of the phosphor particles.

  Amalgam may be enclosed in the valve. The amalgam is accommodated in a stem sealed at the end of the glass bulb or a thin tube disposed in the stem. The amalgam is fixed or stored in any of these positions by means of melting, mechanical holding or the like. Moreover, the amalgam may be accommodated so as to be movable in the valve. When the amalgam is disposed in the glass bulb, the fluorescent lamp is lit in an optimum state even when the ambient temperature is relatively high.

  Amalgam is selected from bismuth (Bi), indium (In), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag), etc., which are materials that form an alloy with mercury. An alloy of at least one selected from mercury. For example, bismuth-indium-mercury, bismuth-indium-lead-mercury, and bismuth-tin-mercury are applicable. In addition, amalgam such as zinc-mercury may be similarly encapsulated for the purpose of quantitative encapsulation of mercury without aiming at mercury vapor pressure control. The amalgam may have any shape such as a pellet shape, a column shape, or a plate shape.

  In the fluorescent lamp of the present invention, the specific surface area (BET value) of the particles forming the phosphor layer is 0.6 to 0.9 m <2> / g, and the adhesion amount of the particles is 3.5 to 4. 5 mg / cm @ 2. When the specific surface area is less than 0.6 m 2 / g, the film strength of the phosphor cannot be ensured. On the other hand, when it exceeds 0.9 m 2 / g, it takes time for the light output to reach the desired value. It will take.

  If the amount of particles forming the phosphor layer is in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 mg / cm <2>, a fluorescent lamp with a high level of both the initial luminous flux and the luminous flux maintenance factor can be obtained. The adhesion amount of the particles is more preferably in the range of 3.5 to 4.2 mg / cm2. The adhesion amount of the particles in the phosphor layer can be obtained, for example, by the following method. First, a phosphor layer on the inner surface of a glass bulb whose weight has been measured in advance is applied. The weight is measured after volatilizing the solvent by heating and drying, and the weight of the glass bulb is subtracted from this weight to obtain the amount of adhesion.

  The balance of the binder particles in the phosphor layer is preferably barium / calcium / borate particles. If the weight of the barium / calcium / borate particles is 0.5 to 1.0% of the weight of the phosphor particles, sufficient film strength can be secured, and the initial luminous flux and luminous flux maintenance factor may be impaired. Nor. The addition amount of barium / calcium / borate particles is more preferably in the range of 0.6 to 0.8% by weight of the phosphor particles.

  Similar effects can be expected when the barium / calcium / borate particles are changed to boric acid particles or lanthanum borate particles.

  The phosphor layer in the fluorescent lamp of the present invention can be formed using a phosphor slurry in which phosphor particles and binder particles as described above are dispersed in an organic solvent. As the organic solvent, for example, butyl acetate or the like can be used. The phosphor slurry is applied to the inner surface of the glass bulb, dried and fired to form a phosphor layer.

  An illuminating device of the present invention includes the fluorescent lamp of the present invention, an illuminating device main body to which the fluorescent lamp is attached, and a lighting device for lighting the fluorescent lamp.

  According to the fluorescent lamp of the invention according to claim 1, in addition to the use of the phosphor particles having a large particle size, the composition of the binder particles containing fine alumina particles is optimized, so that high efficiency and In addition to having a luminous flux maintenance factor, there is an effect that peeling of the phosphor particles is reduced.

  According to the fluorescent lamp of the second aspect of the invention, the specific surface area and the adhesion amount of the particles constituting the phosphor layer are regulated within a predetermined range, thereby reducing the luminous flux maintenance factor while ensuring high film strength. In addition, there is an effect that the luminous flux maintenance factor can be increased together with the initial luminous flux.

  According to the fluorescent lamp of the invention of claim 3, by forming the remainder of the binder particles with a predetermined amount of barium / calcium / borate particles, the film strength of the phosphor is further enhanced, and the appearance such as peeling There is an effect that defects can be prevented more reliably.

  According to the illuminating device of the invention which concerns on Claim 4, there exists an effect that the illuminating device which has an effect | action of the said fluorescent lamp can be provided.

The front view of the fluorescent lamp of embodiment by this invention. Sectional drawing of the fluorescent lamp of FIG. The figure which showed the relationship between a fluorescent substance coating amount and an initial stage light beam. The figure which showed the relationship between the fluorescent substance application amount and the luminous flux maintenance factor. Schematic which shows the illuminating device of embodiment by this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view of a fluorescent lamp, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane orthogonal to the bulb axis of FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG.

  1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a fluorescent lamp having a glass bulb 2 in which a discharge medium composed of a rare gas and mercury is enclosed. On the inner wall surface of the glass bulb 2, a phosphor layer 4 containing a phosphor of a three-wavelength emission type is formed. The film thickness of the phosphor layer 4 is usually about 23 to 30 μm. A protective film 3 may be disposed between the phosphor layer 4 and the inner wall surface of the glass bulb 2 as necessary. Filament electrodes 5 and 5 ′ as a pair of electrode means are disposed at both ends 2 a and 2 a of the glass bulb 2, and a base 6 is disposed at both ends 2 a and 2 a of the glass bulb 2.

  A cap pin 7 electrically connected to the electrode protrudes from the cap 6.

  Of the pair of filament electrodes, one filament electrode 5 extends linearly from the glass bulb end 2a along the bulb axis.

  The pair of filament electrodes 5 and 5 ′ are connected to lead wires 9 and 9 ′ that are sealed and supported by the flare stems 8 and 8 ′, respectively. The flare stems 8, 8 ′ are sealed at both ends 2 a, 2 a of the glass bulb 2, whereby the pair of filament electrodes 5, 5 ′ are sealed in the glass bulb 2.

  The fluorescent lamp 1 of this embodiment can be formed with a tube outer diameter d of 15 to 18 mm, a wall thickness of 0.7 to 1.3 mm, and a wall thickness ratio on the outer peripheral side of 0.8 or more. The glass bulb 2 is made of, for example, soda lime glass having a thermal expansion coefficient α of 90-100.

  Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.

  Various phosphor slurries were prepared using phosphor particles having different average particle diameters in order to obtain an appropriate range of the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles capable of increasing the film strength of the phosphor layer together with the total luminous flux of the fluorescent lamp.

  First, 40 liters of a butyl acetate solution containing 1.4% by weight of nitrocellulose was prepared. Alumina particles (primary particle size 10 nm) were dispersed in butyl acetate to prepare a 10 wt% colloidal solution. 1 liter of colloidal solution was added to the butyl acetate solution and stirred. Furthermore, 20 kg of three-wavelength phosphor particles having an average particle size of 3.4 μm were added and stirred. The average particle diameter of the phosphor particles was confirmed by the FSSS method.

  On the other hand, barium / calcium / borate was dispersed in butyl acetate to prepare 1 liter of a 20 wt% solid solution, and this was added to the phosphor-alumina mixture. After sufficiently stirring, phosphor slurry No. 1 was obtained.

  This phosphor slurry was flow-coated on the inner surface of a glass tube having a tube diameter of 16.5 mm, and dried and fired by a conventional method to form a phosphor layer. Further, the fluorescent lamp was completed by sealing, exhausting, and attaching a base by a conventional method. The obtained fluorescent lamp was designated as Sample No. It was set to 1.

  No. The phosphor layer of 1 fluorescent lamp contains alumina particles and barium / calcium / borate particles as binder particles. The weight of the alumina particles in the phosphor layer is 0.5% of the weight of the phosphor particles, and the weight of the barium / calcium borate particles is 1.0% of the weight of the phosphor particles. A phosphor layer is formed by such binder particles and phosphor particles. It was confirmed by weight measurement that the adhesion amount of the particles constituting the phosphor layer was about 3.5 mg / cm 2.

  Further, in the same manner as described above except that the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles was changed, 2 to 7 phosphor slurries were prepared, and No. 2 to 7 fluorescent lamps were produced. The average particle diameter of the phosphor particles was 4.0 μm, 4.4 μm, 4.6 μm, 5.5 μm, 6.0 μm, and 6.0 μm. In order to improve efficiency and brightness, the average particle size of the phosphor particles used here was 3.4 μm or more.

  The total luminous flux of the obtained fluorescent lamp was obtained and No. The relative value was calculated with the total luminous flux value of one sample as 100. The results are summarized in Table 1 below together with the peeling of the phosphor. In addition, peeling of the phosphor was observed visually after the vibration test.

  As shown in Table 1 above, when the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles is as large as 7 μm, the film strength becomes insufficient and the phosphor is peeled off. In addition, the amount of phosphor coating necessary to obtain the desired total luminous flux increases, leading to an increase in cost.

  Table 1 shows that when the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles is 3.4 μm or more and 6.0 μm or less, a sufficient total luminous flux can be obtained and the occurrence of peeling can be avoided. In particular, when the average particle size of the phosphor particles is 4.4 μm or more and 5.5 μm or less, it has been confirmed that the total luminous flux and the film strength are within a more preferable range.

Next, the above-mentioned No. Based on the composition of phosphor slurry No. 4, various phosphor slurries were prepared by changing the binder particles. Table 2 below shows changes in the binder particles such as the alumina particle diameter and the amount added. The same slurry as above was applied to the inner surface of the glass tube using each slurry. 8 to 23 fluorescent lamps were produced. The initial luminous flux was obtained for the obtained fluorescent lamp, and No. The relative value was calculated with the initial luminous flux value of 8 samples as 100. The results are summarized in Table 2 below together with the peeling of the phosphor. In addition, peeling of the phosphor was observed in the same manner as described above, and evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: No peeling Δ: Peeling less than 1 mm occurs ×: Peeling greater than 1 mm occurs

  As shown in Table 2 above, if the primary particle size of the alumina particles is 15 nm or less, both the initial luminous flux and the film strength can be achieved. As already explained, alumina particles having a primary particle size of less than 5 nm are difficult to handle and are not used here.

  From the above results, it was confirmed that by using binder particles containing alumina particles having a primary particle diameter of 5 to 15 nm, peeling of the phosphor layer can be prevented and the initial luminous flux can be increased. Using these alumina particles as part of the binder particles, the optimum composition of the binder particles was investigated.

Various phosphor slurries were prepared by changing the addition amount of alumina particles and borate particles, and applied to the inner surface of the glass tube as described above to produce a fluorescent lamp. Using alumina particles having a primary particle size of 10 nm, the addition amount was changed between 0.0 to 1.2% by weight, and the addition amount of borate particles was changed between 0.0 to 2.0% by weight. . Here, phosphor particles having an average particle diameter of 4.6 μm were used. The phosphors in the obtained fluorescent lamp were observed for peeling and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are summarized in Table 3 below.
A: No peeling B: Phosphor slurry gelled C: Peeling less than 1 mm occurred D: Peeling greater than 1 mm occurred

  As shown in Table 3 above, when there are too many borate particles, the phosphor slurry gels and a phosphor layer cannot be formed by coating. On the other hand, when there are too few borate particles, the function as a binder becomes insufficient and peeling occurs in the phosphor layer. Table 3 shows that there is an optimum range for the composition of the binder in order to prevent the gelation of the slurry and to prevent the phosphor from peeling off.

  Based on these results, the addition amount of alumina particles is defined as 0.1 to 0.7% by weight with respect to the phosphor particles, and the addition amount of borate particles is 0.5 to 1.0 with respect to the phosphor particles. It was specified in wt%. However, the total amount of the binder particles combined with the alumina particles and the borate particles is defined as 1.1 to 2.5% by weight of the phosphor particles. Considering the compatibility between the film strength and the luminous flux, the addition amount of the entire binder particles is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.2% by weight of the phosphor particles.

  When the relationship between the addition amount of alumina particles and borate particles and the total luminous flux when the FHF32EXD was turned on at high output was investigated, the addition amount of alumina particles was 0.1 to 0.7% by weight, and the addition of borate particles When the amount is 0.5 to 1.0% by weight, a total luminous flux of 4700 lm or more is obtained. When the addition amount of alumina particles is 0.4 to 0.5% by weight and the addition amount of borate particles is 0.6 to 0.8% by weight, the total luminous flux is further increased, resulting in exceeding 4740 lm. It became.

  The initial luminous flux was examined for some of the fluorescent lamps obtained above, and the relative values are summarized in Table 4 below together with the alumina addition amount and the borate addition amount.

  Judging from the results shown in Table 3, when the alumina particles and the borate particles are contained at an appropriate blending ratio and an appropriate amount of binder is formed, the phosphor film strength is high. It can be seen from Table 4 above that the initial luminous flux can be secured.

  Furthermore, film peeling and luminous flux maintenance factor at 2000 h lighting were examined. With respect to film peeling, the same results as those shown in Table 3 above were obtained. The luminous flux maintenance factor was confirmed.

  Judging from the results shown in Table 3, when the alumina particles and the borate particles are contained at an appropriate blending ratio and an appropriate amount of binder is formed, the phosphor film strength is high. Measurements have shown that the luminous flux maintenance factor can be secured.

  Next, the influence of the adhesion amount (coating amount) of the particles constituting the phosphor layer was examined. The aforementioned No. Three types of fluorescent lamps were prepared by applying the phosphor slurry of No. 1 to the inner surface of the glass tube with various coating amounts. Furthermore, the above-mentioned No. Using the phosphor slurry of No. 4, it was applied to the inner surface of the glass tube in various application amounts to produce five types of fluorescent lamps.

  For the obtained fluorescent lamp, the initial luminous flux and luminous flux maintenance factor were examined, and the relative values were calculated. The results are summarized in Table 5 below together with the average particle diameter of the phosphor particles and the phosphor layer coating amount.

  If the adhesion amount is in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 mg / cm <2>, an initial luminous flux of 102% or more can be obtained. At this time, the luminous flux maintenance factor is also increased to 92% or more. Therefore, the adhesion amount is preferably in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 mg / cm <2>, and more preferably in the range of 3.5 to 4.2 mg / cm <2>.

  The specific surface area (BET value) of the particles constituting the phosphor layer was determined. As a result, when it is less than 0.6 m 2 / g, the film strength of the phosphor is weak, and peeling occurs during production, or the mercury-filled pellet enclosed in the fluorescent lamp during transportation moves inside the tube and peels off. Was caused. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.9 m 2 / g, when the mercury vapor adsorbed on the electrode or the like is diffused into the tube when used after being extinguished for a long time, the ratio of being adsorbed on the phosphor layer increases. As a result, it takes time for the light output to reach a desired value.

  By defining the specific surface area of the particles forming the phosphor layer to be 0.6 to 0.9 m <2> / g, the introduction of impure gas into the tube was reduced, and the decrease in the luminous flux maintenance factor was suppressed.

  FIG. 5 illustrates a lighting fixture L including the fluorescent lamp 1 of FIG. The lighting fixture L includes a fixture body 11 that is installed directly on the ceiling of a building, for example. The appliance main body 11 incorporates an electronic ballast 11a, a power terminal block (not shown) for power connection, and the like. Furthermore, the lamp socket 11b is attached to the longitudinal direction both ends of the lower surface which made the reflective surface of the instrument main body 11, and the fluorescent lamp 1 is supported so that removal is possible between these lamp sockets 11b. In this luminaire 11, power can be supplied to the fluorescent lamp 1 via the power supply terminal block, the ballast 11a, and the lamp socket 11b, whereby the fluorescent lamp 1 can be turned on.

1 ... fluorescent lamp;
2 ... Glass bulb;
3 ... Protective film;
4 ... phosphor layer
5 ... Electrode means;
6 ... The base;
7: Cap pin;
8, 8 '... flare stem; 9.9' ... lead wire; 10 ... fluorescent lamp; 11 ... instrument body; 13 ... storage part 14 ... lighting device; 15 ... shade;

Claims (4)

A glass bulb with a discharge medium enclosed therein and formed in an annular shape;
The inner surface of the glass bulb is formed of phosphor particles having an average particle diameter of 3.4 to 6.0 μm and binder particles of 1.1 to 2.5% of the weight of the phosphor particles, and the binder The particles comprise alumina particles having a primary particle size of 5-15 nm, the weight of the alumina particles being 0.1-0.7% of the weight of the phosphor particles;
A pair of electrode means disposed on the glass bulb;
A fluorescent lamp characterized by comprising:   2. The specific surface area of particles forming the phosphor layer is 0.6 to 0.9 m <2> / g, and the adhesion amount of the particles is 3.5 to 4.5 mg / cm <2>. A fluorescent lamp according to claim 1.   The binder particles include barium, calcium, and borate particles, and the weight of the barium, calcium, and borate particles is 0.5 to 1.0% of the weight of the phosphor particles. Item 3. The fluorescent lamp according to Item 1 or 2. A fluorescent lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
A lighting device body to which the fluorescent lamp is attached;
A lighting device for lighting the fluorescent lamp;
An illumination device comprising:

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