JP2013029442A - Asbestos analysis method - Google Patents

Asbestos analysis method Download PDF

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JP2013029442A
JP2013029442A JP2011166301A JP2011166301A JP2013029442A JP 2013029442 A JP2013029442 A JP 2013029442A JP 2011166301 A JP2011166301 A JP 2011166301A JP 2011166301 A JP2011166301 A JP 2011166301A JP 2013029442 A JP2013029442 A JP 2013029442A
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suspension
fine
asbestos
analysis method
fine particle
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JP5708999B2 (en
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Masato Kawaguchi
正人 川口
Shin Uchiyama
伸 内山
Fumiyoshi Ono
文良 大野
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To analyze fine asbestos fiber in a sample in an earth and sand state by a relatively easy technique.SOLUTION: An asbestos analysis method includes: a suspension preparation process of preparing a suspension by suspending the sample in the earth and sand state in water; a coarse particle separation process of separating and removing coarse particles from the suspension by sieve classification; a fine particle component sampling process of sampling a suspension containing fine particle components by classifying fine particle components with a particle size for analysis or less from fine particles in the suspension by precipitation separation; and a determination process of determining whether there is fine asbestos fiber with the particle size for analysis or less by observing fine particle components contained in the suspension through a microscope. It is preferred that an organic decomposing process is performed after the coarse particle separating process, a dispersing process of dispersing fine particles is performed before the fine particle component sampling process, and determination is made by an X-ray analyzing process using an X-ray diffraction device.

Description

本発明はアスベストの分析方法に関わり、特に土砂状の試料中における微細なアスベスト繊維の有無を判定するための分析方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an asbestos analysis method, and more particularly to an analysis method for determining the presence or absence of fine asbestos fibers in a soil-like sample.

周知のように、アスベスト(石綿)は過去においては有用な建材として多用されていたが、粒径が5-10μm以下の微細なアスベスト繊維は空気中に飛散して呼吸により人体に吸引され肺に沈着して重大な健康被害の原因となることから、その対策のためにたとえば特許文献1〜3に示されるような様々な分析手法が提案され実施されている。
これらの分析手法は、いずれも建材や保温材に含まれるアスベストあるいは空気中におけるアスベストの有無やその量を顕微鏡やX線回折測定により分析することを基本とするものである。
As is well known, asbestos (asbestos) has been widely used as a useful building material in the past, but fine asbestos fibers with a particle size of 5-10 μm or less are scattered in the air and sucked into the human body by breathing. Since it deposits and causes a serious health hazard, various analysis methods as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example, have been proposed and implemented as countermeasures.
All of these analysis methods are based on analyzing the presence and amount of asbestos contained in building materials and heat insulating materials or the amount of asbestos in the air by using a microscope or X-ray diffraction measurement.

特開平7−181268号公報JP-A-7-181268 特開平9−127102号公報JP-A-9-127102 特開2008−101945号公報JP 2008-101945 A

ところで、たとえば産業廃棄物の処理に際して、あるいは地震・津波災害によるがれきやヘドロの処理に際して、処理対象物中にアスベストが混在している可能性がある場合には、その処理に際してアスベストの飛散防止や作業安全性の確保のための対策が必要であるか否かを判断しなければならず、そのためには処理対象物中にアスベストが混在しているか否かを事前に確認するための分析が必要となる。   By the way, for example, when processing as industrial waste or debris and sludge due to earthquake and tsunami disaster, there is a possibility that asbestos is mixed in the processing object, It is necessary to judge whether measures for ensuring work safety are necessary, and for that purpose, analysis is required to confirm in advance whether or not asbestos is mixed in the processing object. It becomes.

しかし、産業廃棄物やがれき・ヘドロ等の処理対象物は土砂状(ないし泥土状)を呈するので、それに対するアスベスト分析を現場にて実施することは必ずしも容易ではないし、特許文献1〜3に示されるような建材や保温材あるいは空気中のアスベストを分析するための従来一般的な分析手法をそのまま適用することも合理的ではない。   However, since the processing object such as industrial waste, debris, sludge, etc. is in the form of earth and sand (or mud), it is not always easy to carry out asbestos analysis on the site, and it is shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 It is also unreasonable to apply conventional analytical methods for analyzing building materials, heat insulating materials and asbestos in the air as they are.

すなわち、上述したような従来の分析手法では、建材や保温材中に安定に固定されている成分や、粒径が十分に大きくて飛散し難い成分も含めてアスベストの全量を分析するものであるが、そのような成分は人体に吸引される懸念が少なく、また吸引されても肺に沈着することなく体外に排出されてしまうことから、直ちに健康被害を及ぼすものではないことが知られている。
したがって、たとえば地震・津波災害の復旧のために多量のがれきやヘドロを迅速に処理するに際しては、特に飛散し易い微細なアスベスト繊維の有無を判定することのみで十分なのであるが、そのような場合においても従来手法と同様にアスベストの全成分を高精度で厳密に分析することは安全側ではあっても過剰であるといえ、緊急性が要求されるような場合には現実的ではないと考えられる。
That is, in the conventional analysis methods as described above, the total amount of asbestos is analyzed, including components that are stably fixed in building materials and heat insulating materials, and components that are sufficiently large in particle size and difficult to scatter. However, it is known that such components are less likely to be inhaled by the human body, and even if inhaled, they are discharged from the body without being deposited in the lungs, so it is known that they do not cause immediate health damage. .
Therefore, for example, when processing large amounts of debris and sludge quickly for the recovery of earthquakes and tsunami disasters, it is sufficient to determine the presence or absence of fine asbestos fibers that are particularly susceptible to scattering. However, as in the conventional method, it is considered that it is excessive even if it is safe to analyze all components of asbestos with high precision and accuracy. It is done.

上記事情に鑑み、本発明は土砂状を呈する試料中における微細なアスベスト繊維を比較的簡易な手法で分析するための合理的な分析方法を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a rational analysis method for analyzing fine asbestos fibers in a soil-like sample by a relatively simple method.

請求項1記載の発明は、土砂状を呈する試料中における微細なアスベスト繊維の有無を判定するためのアスベスト分析方法であって、前記試料を水中に懸濁させて懸濁液を調製する懸濁液調製工程と、前記懸濁液から篩い分級により粗粒分を分離除去する粗粒分分離工程と、前記懸濁液中の細粒分から分析対象の粒径以下の微細粒子成分を沈降分離によって分級して該微細粒子成分を含む懸濁液を採取する微細粒子成分採取工程と、前記懸濁液に含まれる微細粒子成分を顕微鏡により観察することにより分析対象の粒径以下の微細なアスベスト繊維の有無を判定する判定工程とを有することを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 1 is an asbestos analysis method for determining the presence or absence of fine asbestos fibers in a soil-like sample, wherein the suspension is prepared by suspending the sample in water. A liquid preparation step, a coarse particle separation step of separating and removing coarse particles from the suspension by sieving classification, and a fine particle component having a particle size equal to or smaller than the particle size to be analyzed from the fine particles in the suspension by precipitation separation. A fine particle component collecting step for classifying and collecting a suspension containing the fine particle component, and a fine asbestos fiber having a particle size equal to or smaller than the particle size to be analyzed by observing the fine particle component contained in the suspension with a microscope And a determination step of determining the presence or absence of.

請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載のアスベスト分析方法であって、前記粗粒分分離工程の後段に、前記懸濁液に過酸化水素水を添加して加熱することにより懸濁液中の有機物を分解する有機物分解工程を有することを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 2 is the asbestos analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension is obtained by adding hydrogen peroxide water to the suspension and heating the suspension after the coarse particle separation step. It has the organic substance decomposition process which decomposes | disassembles the organic substance in it.

請求項3記載の発明は、請求項1または2記載のアスベスト分析方法であって、前記微細粒子成分採取工程の前段に、前記懸濁液に分散剤を添加して超音波振動を付与することにより該懸濁液中の細粒分を分散させる分散工程を有することを特徴とする。   Invention of Claim 3 is the asbestos analysis method of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: A dispersing agent is added to the said suspension and the ultrasonic vibration is provided to the front | former stage of the said fine-particle component collection process. And a dispersion step of dispersing fine particles in the suspension.

請求項4記載の発明は、請求項1,2または3記載のアスベスト分析方法であって、前記微細粒子成分採取工程の後段に、前記懸濁液に含まれる微細粒子成分をX線回折装置により分析するX線分析工程を有することを特徴とする。   Invention of Claim 4 is the asbestos analysis method of Claim 1, 2, or 3, Comprising: The fine particle component contained in the said suspension is made into the latter part of the said fine particle component collection process by X-ray-diffraction apparatus. It has an X-ray analysis process to analyze.

本発明の分析方法によれば、たとえば地震・津波災害によるがれきやヘドロの処理に際して土砂状(ないし泥土状)の処理対象物を試料として分析を行うことにより、その試料中のアスベストの有無を有効に判定することが可能であり、その判定結果に基づいて必要かつ最適な対策を実施することにより安全かつ効率的ながれき・ヘドロ処理が可能となる。
特に本発明の分析方法は、一連の工程を現場において簡易な設備で容易に実施可能であり、分析に要するコストや時間も従来の分析手法に比較して十分に軽減することが可能である。
しかも、従来の分析手法ではアスベストの全量を高精度かつ厳密に分析することを前提としているのに対し、本発明の分析方法では健康被害の原因となる特定の粒径以下の微細アスベスト繊維を沈降分離により選択的に採取して分析を行うので、アスベストによる健康被害の防止を目的として実施する分析手法としては従来手法に比べて合理的である。
According to the analysis method of the present invention, for example, when processing debris or sludge due to an earthquake or tsunami disaster, an analysis is performed using a soil-like (or mud-like) treatment object as a sample, so that the presence or absence of asbestos in the sample is effective. The debris / sludge treatment can be performed safely and efficiently by implementing necessary and optimum measures based on the determination result.
In particular, the analysis method of the present invention can easily carry out a series of steps on site with simple equipment, and the cost and time required for analysis can be sufficiently reduced as compared with conventional analysis methods.
Moreover, while the conventional analysis method is based on the premise that the entire amount of asbestos is analyzed with high accuracy and accuracy, the analysis method of the present invention settles fine asbestos fibers having a specific particle size or less that cause health damage. Since it is selectively collected and analyzed by separation, it is more reasonable than the conventional method as an analysis method that is implemented for the purpose of preventing health damage caused by asbestos.

本発明の実施形態である分析方法における一連の工程を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows a series of processes in the analysis method which is embodiment of this invention. 同、微細粒子成分採取工程を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows a fine particle component collection process similarly.

図1は本発明の実施形態である分析方法における一連の工程をフローチャートとして示すものである。
本実施形態では地震・津波災害によるがれきやヘドロの処理に際して、土砂状ないし泥土状を呈している処理対象物中にアスベストが混在しているか否かを判定することを目的として実施されるものであるが、特にがれきやヘドロの処理に際して空気中に飛散し易く、したがって作業員に対する健康被害が問題となる微細なアスベスト繊維、具体的には粒径が5-10μm以下の微細粒子成分を選択的に分析することを主眼とする。
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a series of steps in an analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, when processing debris and sludge due to an earthquake and tsunami disaster, it is carried out for the purpose of determining whether or not asbestos is mixed in the processing object presenting earthy or mud. Although there are fine asbestos fibers that are easy to scatter in the air, especially when debris and sludge are treated, and are therefore a health hazard for workers, specifically, fine particle components with a particle size of 5-10 μm or less are selectively used. The main focus is on analysis.

本実施形態では、まず処理対象物から試料としての土砂やヘドロを採取し、それを蒸留水中に懸濁させて懸濁液を調製する(懸濁液調製工程)。
試料の量は適宜で良いがたとえば100g〜2kg程度が適当であり、懸濁液における水:懸濁物の重量比はたとえば1:1〜10:1程度、特に3:1程度とすることが良い。
In the present embodiment, first, earth and sand or sludge as a sample is collected from the object to be treated, and suspended in distilled water to prepare a suspension (suspension preparation step).
The amount of the sample may be appropriate, for example, about 100 g to 2 kg is suitable, and the weight ratio of water: suspension in the suspension is, for example, about 1: 1 to 10: 1, particularly about 3: 1. good.

次に、その懸濁液から篩い分級により粗粒分を分離除去する(粗粒分分離工程)。
その場合、必要に応じて75mm篩いにより石等の大きな固形物を除去した後、2mm篩いにより粒径2mmを超える礫成分を分離除去して2mm以下の砂や粘土等の細粒分のみを通過させる。
粗粒分を分離した後の懸濁液では細粒分が100g程度となるようにすると良い。
Next, the coarse particles are separated and removed from the suspension by sieving classification (coarse particle separation step).
In that case, after removing large solids such as stones with a 75 mm sieve as necessary, the gravel components exceeding 2 mm in size are separated and removed by passing through a 2 mm sieve to pass only fine particles such as sand and clay of 2 mm or less. Let
In the suspension after separating the coarse particles, the fine particles may be about 100 g.

そして、必要に応じて懸濁液中の有機物たとえば重油等の油成分を分解する(有機物分解工程)。
具体的には、懸濁液に過酸化水素水を1〜30%程度の濃度となるように添加し、ゆっくりと加熱して有機物と反応させる工程を必要に応じて2〜3回繰り返す。これにより有機物に付着していたアスベスト成分が有機物から解放される。
Then, if necessary, an organic component such as heavy oil in the suspension is decomposed (organic matter decomposition step).
Specifically, hydrogen peroxide solution is added to the suspension so as to have a concentration of about 1 to 30%, and the process of slowly heating and reacting with the organic matter is repeated 2 to 3 times as necessary. Thereby, the asbestos component adhering to the organic substance is released from the organic substance.

次に、必要に応じて懸濁液中において細粒分を十分に分散させる(分散工程)。
そのためには、たとえばヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム等の分散剤を添加し、懸濁液1Lに対して飽和分散剤溶液を20ml程度加え、よく混合して超音波洗浄機により1〜10分程度の超音波振動を与えて十分に分散させると良い。
Next, if necessary, fine particles are sufficiently dispersed in the suspension (dispersing step).
For this purpose, for example, a dispersant such as sodium hexametaphosphate is added, about 20 ml of a saturated dispersant solution is added to 1 L of the suspension, and the mixture is thoroughly mixed and subjected to ultrasonic vibration for about 1 to 10 minutes using an ultrasonic cleaner. It is good to give enough dispersion.

しかる後に、懸濁液中の細粒分から分析対象の粒径以下の微細粒子成分(本実施形態では5-10μm以下)を、図2に示すように沈降分離手法によって分級することにより、微細粒子成分を含む懸濁液を採取する(微細粒子成分採取工程)。
具体的には、以下に示すストークスの式に基づいて分析対象の5-10μm以下のアスベスト微細粒子の水中沈降速度vを求め、それに基づいてその微細粒子が水中を所定距離A(たとえば100mm)だけ沈降するに要する沈降時間を求める。
Thereafter, the fine particle components (5 to 10 μm or less in the present embodiment) having a particle size of not more than the analysis target are classified from the fine particles in the suspension by the sedimentation separation method as shown in FIG. A suspension containing the components is collected (fine particle component collecting step).
Specifically, based on the Stokes equation shown below, the submerged settling velocity v of asbestos fine particles of 5-10 μm or less to be analyzed is obtained, and based on that, the fine particles move through water for a predetermined distance A (for example, 100 mm) The settling time required for settling is determined.

Figure 2013029442
Figure 2013029442

そして、懸濁液を図2(a)に示すような沈降容器1内に満たして静置し、上記の沈降時間が経過した時点で(b)に示すようにバルブ2を開いてそれよりも上部の懸濁液を採取容器3に採取する。
これにより、粒径が5-10μmを超える比較的大きな粒子は上記の沈降時間が経過するまでにバルブ2の位置(満水位より所定距離Aだけ下方位置)よりも下方に沈降してしまうから、そこまでは沈降し得ずに沈降容器1の上部において未だ懸濁している5-10μm以下の微細粒子成分のみを含む懸濁液を採取容器3に採取できる。
Then, the suspension is filled in the sedimentation container 1 as shown in FIG. 2 (a) and allowed to stand, and when the sedimentation time has elapsed, the valve 2 is opened as shown in FIG. The upper suspension is collected in the collection container 3.
As a result, relatively large particles having a particle size exceeding 5-10 μm settle below the position of the valve 2 (a position below the full water level by a predetermined distance A) before the settling time elapses. A suspension containing only fine particle components of 5 to 10 μm or less that cannot be settled so far and is still suspended in the upper part of the sedimentation container 1 can be collected in the collection container 3.

たとえば、粒径10μmのアスベスト粒子の水中沈降速度vは、d=0.001cm(=0.01mm=10μm)とし、アスベスト密度は2.55(クリソタイル)〜3.43(アモサイト)であるので最大密度を代表値としてρs=3.43として、それらの値をストークスの式に代入すると、水中沈降速度はv≒13239×10-6cm/s(≒0.794cm/min≒47.6cm/H)となり、したがって沈降容器1内における沈降時間は約1.26min/cm(≒0.126min/mm)となる。
つまり、粒径d=10μm、粒子密度ρs=3.43のアスベスト繊維の微細粒子が水中をたとえば100mm沈降するためには約12分を要することになるから、10μm以下の微細粒子を選択的に採取するためには(a)に示すように沈降容器1内に懸濁液を満たして静置してから約12分後にバルブ2を開いて(b)に示すようにバルブ2よりも上位の100mmの範囲にある懸濁液を採取容器3に採取すれば良い。
また、上記のように沈降容器1の所定位置にバルブ2を設けておくことに代えて、沈降容器1内にサイホン管を挿入して所定水位以上の懸濁液を吸引して採取することでも良い。
For example, the sedimentation velocity v of asbestos particles with a particle size of 10 μm is d = 0.001 cm (= 0.01 mm = 10 μm), and the asbestos density is 2.55 (chrysotile) to 3.43 (amosite). Substituting these values into the Stokes equation with s = 3.43, the subsidence velocity in water is v ≈ 13239 x 10 -6 cm / s (≈ 0.794 cm / min ≈ 47.6 cm / H). The settling time is about 1.26 min / cm (≈0.126 min / mm).
In other words, it takes about 12 minutes for fine particles of asbestos fibers having a particle size d = 10 μm and particle density ρ s = 3.43 to settle in water, for example, 100 mm. Therefore, fine particles of 10 μm or less are selectively collected. To do this, as shown in (a), the suspension vessel 1 is filled with the suspension and allowed to stand, and after about 12 minutes, the valve 2 is opened and the upper 100 mm above the valve 2 as shown in (b). The suspension in the range may be collected in the collection container 3.
Further, instead of providing the valve 2 at a predetermined position of the sedimentation container 1 as described above, a siphon tube is inserted into the sedimentation container 1 and a suspension at a predetermined water level or higher is sucked and collected. good.

以上の工程により分析対象の微細粒子成分のみを含む懸濁液を採取した後、その懸濁液をろ過して顕微鏡観察のためのサンプルを作成し、顕微鏡観察によりアスベスト繊維の有無を判定すれば良い(判定工程)。
具体的には、採取した懸濁液をたとえばフッ素樹脂バインダグラスファイバーフィルターを用いてガラスフィルターベース付吸引ろ過装置でろ過し、無じん水に10〜20mg取って分散させ、スライドガラスに滴下し、所定の浸液を滴下してプレパラートを作成し、位相差顕微鏡あるいは偏光顕微鏡にて観察すれば良い。
After collecting a suspension containing only the fine particle component to be analyzed through the above steps, the suspension is filtered to create a sample for microscopic observation, and the presence or absence of asbestos fiber is determined by microscopic observation. Good (judgment process).
Specifically, the collected suspension is filtered with a suction filter device with a glass filter base using, for example, a fluororesin binder glass fiber filter, dispersed in 10 to 20 mg in dust-free water, and dropped onto a slide glass. A preparation is prepared by dropping a predetermined immersion liquid and observing with a phase contrast microscope or a polarizing microscope.

以上で説明した本実施形態の分析方法によれば、地震・津波災害によるがれきやヘドロの処理に際してその処理対象物の一部を試料として分析を行うことにより、試料中のアスベストの有無を有効に判定することが可能であり、その判定結果に基づいて必要かつ最適な対策を実施することにより安全かつ効率的ながれき・ヘドロ処理が可能となる。   According to the analysis method of the present embodiment described above, the presence or absence of asbestos in the sample is effectively obtained by analyzing a part of the processing object as a sample when processing debris and sludge due to earthquake and tsunami disaster. It is possible to make a judgment, and safe and efficient debris and sludge treatment can be performed by implementing necessary and optimum measures based on the judgment result.

特に本実施形態の分析方法は、上記の一連の工程を現場において簡易な設備で容易に実施可能であり、分析に要するコストや時間も従来の分析手法に比較して十分に軽減することが可能である。
しかも、健康被害の原因となる5-10μm以下の微細なアスベスト繊維を選択的に採取して分析を行うこととして、安定に固定されていて飛散の余地のないアスベスト成分や、人体に容易に吸引されずかつ吸引されても容易に体外に排出されてしまうような粒子径の大きいアスベスト成分は分析対象外としているので、アスベストによる健康被害を問題として実施する分析手法として合理的であり、アスベストの全量を高精度かつ厳密に分析することを前提としている従来の分析手法に比べて有利であるといえる。
以上のことから、本発明の分析方法は土砂や泥土等を緊急かつ迅速に処理する必要がある場合において、その処理対象物におけるアスベストの有無を簡易に判定するための手法として極めて有効であり、特に地震・津波被害によるがれきやヘドロ処理に際して適用するものとして好適である。
In particular, the analysis method of the present embodiment can easily perform the above-described series of steps on site with simple equipment, and the cost and time required for the analysis can be sufficiently reduced compared to conventional analysis methods. It is.
In addition, asbestos fibers that are 5-10 μm or less, which cause health damage, are selectively collected and analyzed. Asbestos components that are stably fixed and have no room for scattering, or are easily sucked into the human body Asbestos components with a large particle size that are not discharged and easily discharged outside the body are excluded from the analysis target, so it is a reasonable analytical method to implement health damage caused by asbestos as a problem. It can be said that it is advantageous compared with the conventional analysis method which presupposes analyzing the whole quantity with high precision and strictness.
From the above, the analysis method of the present invention is extremely effective as a method for easily determining the presence or absence of asbestos in the processing object when it is necessary to urgently and promptly treat sediment and mud. It is particularly suitable for application to debris and sludge treatment due to earthquake and tsunami damage.

以上で本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、上記実施形態はあくまで好適な一例であって本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で適宜の設計的変更や応用が可能である。   Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above embodiment is merely a preferred example, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be appropriately selected within the scope of the present invention. Design changes and applications are possible.

たとえば、上記実施形態では特に健康被害の原因となる微細なアスベスト繊維として粒径が5-10μmのものを分析対象としたが、本発明はそれに限るものではなく、分析対象とする粒径範囲は分析の目的や要求される精度等の条件を考慮して最適に設定すれば良く、それに応じて最適な沈降分離を行って分析対象の微細粒子成分のみを含む懸濁液を選択的に採取するようにすれば良い。   For example, in the above embodiment, the fine asbestos fibers that cause health damage are particularly targeted for analysis with a particle size of 5-10 μm, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the particle size range to be analyzed is It is only necessary to set optimally considering conditions such as the purpose of analysis and required accuracy, and the optimal sedimentation separation is performed accordingly, and a suspension containing only the fine particle component to be analyzed is selectively collected. You can do that.

また、上記実施形態においては微細粒子成分の沈降分離に先立って有機物分解工程と細粒分の分散工程を実施したが、それらの工程は試料の状況によって必要に応じて実施すれば良く、不要であれば省略して差し支えない。   In the above embodiment, the organic substance decomposition step and the fine particle dispersion step were performed prior to the sedimentation and separation of the fine particle components. However, these steps may be performed as necessary depending on the state of the sample, and are unnecessary. If there is, you can omit it.

さらに、微細なアスベスト繊維の有無は顕微鏡観察により十分に判定可能であるし、必要に応じて定量分析も可能であるが、さらに必要であれば図1に示すように顕微鏡観察による判定工程に併せてX線回折装置(XRD)によるX線分析を行い(X線分析工程)、その結果も考慮して総合的な判定を行うことも考えられる。   Furthermore, the presence or absence of fine asbestos fibers can be sufficiently determined by microscopic observation, and quantitative analysis can be performed as necessary. However, if necessary, it is combined with a determination step by microscopic observation as shown in FIG. It is also conceivable to perform an X-ray analysis using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) (X-ray analysis step) and make a comprehensive determination in consideration of the result.

1 沈降容器
2 バルブ
3 採取容器
1 Sedimentation vessel 2 Valve 3 Collection vessel

Claims (4)

土砂状を呈する試料における微細なアスベスト繊維の有無を判定するためのアスベスト分析方法であって、
前記試料を水中に懸濁させて懸濁液を調製する懸濁液調製工程と、
前記懸濁液から篩い分級により粗粒分を分離除去する粗粒分分離工程と、
前記懸濁液中の細粒分から分析対象の粒径以下の微細粒子成分を沈降分離によって分級して該微細粒子成分を含む懸濁液を採取する微細粒子成分採取工程と、
前記懸濁液に含まれる微細粒子成分を顕微鏡により観察することにより分析対象の粒径以下の微細なアスベスト繊維の有無を判定する判定工程と
を有することを特徴とするアスベスト分析方法。
An asbestos analysis method for determining the presence or absence of fine asbestos fibers in a soil-like sample,
A suspension preparation step of suspending the sample in water to prepare a suspension;
A coarse particle separation step of separating and removing coarse particles from the suspension by sieving classification;
A fine particle component collecting step of classifying a fine particle component having a particle size equal to or smaller than the particle size to be analyzed from the fine particles in the suspension by sedimentation and collecting a suspension containing the fine particle component;
And determining the presence or absence of fine asbestos fibers having a particle size equal to or smaller than the particle size to be analyzed by observing the fine particle component contained in the suspension with a microscope.
請求項1記載のアスベスト分析方法であって、
前記粗粒分分離工程の後段に、前記懸濁液に過酸化水素水を添加して加熱することにより懸濁液中の有機物を分解する有機物分解工程を有することを特徴とするアスベスト分析方法。
The asbestos analysis method according to claim 1,
An asbestos analysis method comprising an organic matter decomposition step of decomposing an organic matter in the suspension by adding a hydrogen peroxide solution to the suspension and heating the suspension after the coarse particle separation step.
請求項1または2記載のアスベスト分析方法であって、
前記微細粒子成分採取工程の前段に、前記懸濁液に分散剤を添加して超音波振動を付与することにより該懸濁液中の細粒分を分散させる分散工程を有することを特徴とするアスベスト分析方法。
The asbestos analysis method according to claim 1 or 2,
Before the fine particle component collecting step, it has a dispersion step of dispersing fine particles in the suspension by adding a dispersing agent to the suspension and applying ultrasonic vibration. Asbestos analysis method.
請求項1,2または3記載のアスベスト分析方法であって、
前記微細粒子成分採取工程の後段に、前記懸濁液に含まれる微細粒子成分をX線回折装置により分析するX線分析工程を有することを特徴とするアスベスト分析方法。
The asbestos analysis method according to claim 1, 2, or 3,
An asbestos analysis method comprising an X-ray analysis step of analyzing a fine particle component contained in the suspension by an X-ray diffractometer after the fine particle component collection step.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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JP2004216258A (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Treatment system for oil-contaminated soil, treatment device and treatment method
JP2006015327A (en) * 2004-06-02 2006-01-19 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Earth/sand regeneration system and earth/sand regeneration method
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