JP2013029209A - Method, system, and device for utilizing solar light and solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar light and solar heat utilizing system, in which both solar light and solar heat can be efficiently utilized by a simple structure.SOLUTION: The solar light and solar heat utilizing system 1 includes: a first light condensing part A for collecting solar light via a first light-condensing optical system 2; a heat collecting part B for irradiating an optically-transparent heating medium 3 for heat exchange with the collected solar light to transmit the light, thereby collecting solar heat to the heating medium 3; a second light-condensing part C for collecting the solar light again which is transmitted in the heating medium 3 via a second light-condensing optical system 4; a light guide part D for guiding the re-collected solar light to a lighting spot 6 via a predetermined light guide path 5; and a lighting part E for converting the solar light guided to the lighting spot 6 into diffused light for lighting having uniform illuminance via a diffused optical system 7 to light up the lighting spot 6 with the diffused light for lighting.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sunlight / solar heat utilization method and system that can efficiently utilize sunlight / solar heat with a simple system configuration, and a sunlight / solar heat utilization apparatus.

  As an apparatus for performing illumination and heat storage using sunlight / solar heat, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In the light collecting device and the heat storage device described here, the sunlight collected by the reflecting mirror is secondarily reflected by the concave mirror and led to the light transmission means, and then led to the illumination means or the heat storage means via the light transmission means. Yes. Moreover, as an apparatus which can utilize both sunlight and solar heat simultaneously, there exists what was described in patent document 2. FIG. In the solar light collecting heat utilization device described here, the sunlight collected by the spherical lens provided with the concave mirror is guided to the heat exchanger through the optical cable and the relay means, and the sunlight after passing through the heat exchanger. Is used as illumination light through a diffuser plate.

JP 7-27425 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-159813

  The devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are configured to guide sunlight to an illumination part or a heat exchange part via light transmission means such as an optical cable after collecting sunlight. While sunlight is guided through the light transmission means or the like, the light transmission means is likely to be damaged due to being overheated by solar heat and being damaged. Further, since solar heat is dissipated while being transmitted by the optical transmission means, the utilization efficiency of solar heat is extremely poor. For example, when such a solar heat utilization system is used as a heat source for hot water supply, it is the limit to obtain hot water around 60 ° C., and hot water at 100 ° C. cannot be obtained.

  In view of these points, an object of the present invention is to propose a sunlight and solar heat utilization method and system that can efficiently use sunlight and solar heat as an illumination light source and a heat source, respectively, with a simple system configuration. .

  Another object of the present invention is to use sunlight / solar heat that can efficiently use sunlight as an illumination light source and efficiently use solar heat as a heat source for generating high-pressure steam and other heat sources with a simple system configuration. To propose a device.

In order to solve the above problems, the solar / solar heat utilization method of the present invention is:
A first light collecting step for collecting sunlight through the first light collecting optical system;
A heat collecting step for collecting solar heat in the heat medium by irradiating and transmitting the collected sunlight to a light-transmitting heat medium for heat exchange; and
A second light collecting step for collecting again the sunlight transmitted through the heat medium through the second light collecting optical system;
A light guide step for guiding the collected sunlight again to a lighting place through a predetermined light guide path;
And converting the sunlight guided to the illumination location into diffuse illumination light having a uniform illuminance through a diffusion optical system, and illuminating the illumination location with the illumination diffuse light. It is a feature.

In addition, the solar / solar heat utilization system used for carrying out the solar / solar heat utilization method of the present invention,
A first condensing optical system for collecting sunlight;
A heat exchanger including a tank storing a light-transmissive heat medium at a position irradiated with a luminous flux of sunlight collected through the first condensing optical system;
A second condensing optical system disposed on a path of a light beam passing through the heat medium;
A light guide member that guides a light beam collected through the second light collecting optical system along a predetermined path;
An illumination unit that illuminates an illumination place by converting the light beam after passing through the light guide member into diffused illumination light having a uniform illuminance through a diffusion optical system.

  Here, each of the first condensing optical system and the second condensing optical system can be configured using at least one convex lens. The diffusion optical system can be configured using at least one concave lens and a light diffusion member. With a concave lens, it is possible to obtain a wide range of illumination light that can illuminate the required illumination area, and by passing this light through a light diffusing member, it can be used as illumination light for uniform illumination without uneven illumination and uneven brightness. Diffuse light can be obtained.

  In addition, the heat exchanger includes a heat exchange pipe that is drawn in a state immersed in the heat medium, and a secondary heat medium that exchanges heat with the heat medium through the pipe or The thing of the structure which flows the water of heating object can be used.

  Furthermore, a lens barrel or an optical fiber cable can be used as the light guide member.

  Here, when there are a plurality of illumination locations, the downstream portion of the light guide member in the light traveling direction may be branched into a plurality of portions, and the illumination unit may be disposed at the end of each branch portion.

  Next, in a case where it is necessary to illuminate a plurality of illumination points at remote locations, the solar / solar heat utilization system having the above-described configuration may be disposed at each location.

On the other hand, the present invention is a solar / solar heat utilization device comprising a plurality of stages of the solar / solar heat utilization system configured as described above,
The solar / solar heat utilization system at each stage is supplied with the heat medium from the solar / solar heat utilization system at the front stage, and the first-stage solar / solar heat utilization system from the last-stage solar / solar heat utilization system. The heating medium is refluxed,
The heating medium is heated using solar heat obtained in the solar / solar heat utilization system in each stage, and the solar / solar heat utilization system in the final stage is a pressure required to turn the heating medium to the turbine for power generation. Generated in the form of high-pressure steam with
The high-pressure steam after being used to turn the turbine is returned to the first-stage solar / solar heat utilization system after returning to the liquid heat medium by heat dissipation by heat exchange.

  When solar and solar heat utilization systems are arranged in multiple stages, the heating medium is heated using solar heat in each stage, and the heated heating medium is sequentially supplied to the next stage, the heated heating medium obtained in the final stage Can be made into high-pressure steam that can turn a turbine for power generation. As a result, it is possible to generate power using solar heat, and to use the heat radiation by heat exchange of high-pressure steam as a heat source for hot water supply. It can be reused as a heat source.

  In the solar light / solar heat utilization system of the present invention, the heat medium is heated by directly irradiating the heat medium with sunlight collected through the first condensing optical system. Since the heat medium is light transmissive, sunlight irradiated to the heat medium exchanges heat with the heat medium even while passing through the heat medium. Therefore, heat exchange is efficiently performed between the collected sunlight and the heat medium.

  Sunlight diffused or scattered while passing through the heat medium is collected again by the second condensing optical system and is incident on the light guide portion made of an optical fiber, etc., thereby suppressing the diffusion loss of sunlight passing through the heat medium. it can. Therefore, the fall of the utilization efficiency of the sunlight utilized as illumination light can be suppressed. Moreover, since sunlight is transmitted via a light guide part after collecting solar heat via a heat exchange part, the light guide part does not fall into an overheated state and is not damaged by sunlight. Furthermore, the sunlight guided from the light guide member to the illuminating unit is a diffusing light for uniform illumination without uneven illuminance and uneven brightness suitable for use as illuminating light via a diffusing optical system composed of a concave lens and a light diffusing member. The lighting location is illuminated.

  Furthermore, in the solar / solar heat utilization device of the present invention, solar power / solar heat utilization systems are arranged in multiple stages, a heating medium is circulated through each stage of solar / solar heat utilization systems, and heated by solar heat to generate power. The high-pressure steam that can turn the turbine for production is generated. In addition, after the high-pressure steam is radiated by heat exchange, it is used again as a heat medium, and the radiated heat is used as a heat source for hot water supply. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently generate power and hot water using solar heat.

  As described above, according to the present invention, sunlight and solar heat can be efficiently used as an illumination light source, a heat source for hot water supply, a heat source for power generation, and the like with a simple system configuration, respectively.

It is a system configuration figure showing an embodiment of a sunlight and solar heat utilization system to which the present invention is applied. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the sunlight / solar heat utilization apparatus using the sunlight / solar heat utilization system of FIG.

  Embodiments of a solar / solar heat utilization system and a solar / solar heat utilization apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Solar / solar heat utilization system)
First, an embodiment of a sunlight / solar heat utilization system will be described with reference to FIG. The solar / solar heat utilization system 1 is installed in a building such as a house, for example, and is used as an indoor illumination light source and a hot water supply heat source during the daytime. The solar / solar heat utilization system 1 is installed on the roof or roof of a building, and the first condensing unit that performs the first condensing step of collecting sunlight through the first condensing optical system 2 for condensing. A is provided. Moreover, the heat collecting part B in which the heat collection process which collects solar heat to the said heat carrier 3 is performed by irradiating and permeate | transmitting the collected sunlight to the light-transmissive heat carrier 3 for heat exchange is provided. Furthermore, the 2nd condensing part C in which the 2nd condensing process which collects the sunlight which permeate | transmits the heat medium 3 again through the 2nd condensing optical system 4 is performed is provided. In addition to this, the light collecting unit D in which a light guiding process is performed for guiding the collected sunlight through the predetermined light guide path 5 to an illumination place 6 such as a room that needs illumination, and the illumination place 6. Is converted into diffused illumination light that is suitable for illuminating the illumination location 6 via the diffusion optical system 7 and has no illuminance unevenness or brightness unevenness, and the illumination location 6 is illuminated with the illumination diffused light. The illumination part E in which the illumination process to perform is performed is provided.

  The configuration of each part will be described. The first condensing optical system 2 of the first condensing part A is composed of a convex lens 11 having a large diameter, for example. Of course, a condensing optical system combining a plurality of lenses can be used, and a condensing optical system using a reflecting mirror can also be used.

  The heat collection unit B includes a heat exchanger 12 that performs heat exchange with the heat medium 3. The heat exchanger 12 includes a heat medium tank 13 in which a heat medium 3 in a liquid phase state such as water or oil with high transparency is stored. Of course, it is also possible to use a solid phase heat medium. The first light collecting part A is disposed immediately above the heat medium tank 13, and the light flux of sunlight collected by the first light collecting part A passes through the light-transmitting lid 13 a of the heat medium tank 13. The heat medium 3 is irradiated. The light beam irradiated onto the heat medium 3 is transmitted while diffusing through the light transmissive heat medium 3. As a result, the heat medium 3 is heated by solar heat (in other words, the solar heat is collected in the heat medium 3).

  In the heat medium tank 13, a hot water circulation pipe 14 for heat exchange that is drawn in a state immersed in the heat medium 3 is disposed. Hot water stored in the hot water tank 15 is circulated by a circulation pump (not shown) via the hot water circulation pipe 14. Hot water circulating through the hot water circulation pipe 14 is heated by heat exchange with the heat medium 3. The circulation of the hot water is controlled by a control unit (not shown), and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank 15 is maintained at a predetermined temperature or higher. Hot water is supplied to a necessary place through a hot water supply pipe 16 attached to the hot water tank 15. Of course, a secondary heat medium for heat exchange may be circulated instead of the hot water to be heated, and the hot water to be heated or the like may be heated by the secondary heat medium.

  Next, the second condensing optical system 4 of the second condensing part C is formed by a single convex lens 17. A plurality of lenses can also be used. The convex lens 17 is arranged coaxially with the first condensing optical system 2 at the bottom of the heat medium tank 13. The luminous flux that is transmitted while diffusing the light-transmissive heat medium 3 is collected again by the convex lens 17 and guided to the light guide path 5 of the light guide D.

  The light guide path 5 of the light guide D is defined by, for example, a lens barrel 18 having a cylindrical cross section whose inner peripheral surface is a light reflecting surface made of a metal vapor deposited thin film or the like. The lens barrel 18 includes a linear lens barrel portion 19 in which a convex lens 17 is coaxially arranged at the incident end, and an elbow-like connection bent at a right angle at the exit end of the lens barrel portion 19. The lens barrel portion 20 is connected. A reflection surface for bending the path of the light beam at a right angle is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the connecting lens barrel portion 20, and a linear lens barrel portion 21 is connected to the emission end. A branch lens barrel 22 for splitting the light beam is connected to the exit end of the beam. A reflecting surface for branching the light beam in two directions is formed inside the branching barrel part 22, and a straight branching barrel part 23 and a linear barrel are provided at the two exit side branch ends. The parts 24 are connected to each other. An elbow-shaped connecting lens barrel 25 bent at a right angle is connected to the exit end of the lens barrel 24, and a linear branch lens barrel 26 is connected to the connecting lens barrel 25. . Thus, the light guide 5 of this example is divided into two branch portions on the exit side. Of course, the light beam can be branched and guided to a plurality of illumination locations by being branched into three or more. Further, an optical fiber cable can be used instead of the lens barrel, and the light beam can be branched using a half mirror.

  As the elbow-shaped connecting lens barrels 20 and 25, a connecting lens barrel that can be bent not only at a right angle but also at a desired angle can be used. For example, a connecting lens barrel that can bend the light beam at an acute angle can be used. Further, as the branching lens barrel portion 22, it is possible to use a branching light beam that is branched into a plurality of light beams and guided in directions of different angles other than a right angle.

  Next, the diffusing optical system 7 of the illumination unit E is arranged coaxially at the exit ends of the two branch lens barrels 23 and 26. The diffusing optical system 7 includes a single concave lens 27 and a light-transmitting irregular reflection cover (light diffusing member) 28 that covers the lens surface on the exit side of the concave lens 27. The branched light beams emitted from the branch lens barrels 23 and 26 are diffused light having a certain spread by the concave lenses 27, and then transmitted through the irregular reflection cover 28, so that the uniform diffused light for illumination free from uneven illuminance and uneven brightness. Thus, each part of the illumination place 6 is illuminated.

  In the solar light / solar heat utilization system 1 configured as described above, the heat medium 3 is heated by directly irradiating the heat medium 3 with the sunlight collected through the first condensing optical system 2. Since the heat medium 3 is light transmissive, the sunlight irradiated to the heat medium 3 exchanges heat with the heat medium 3 even while passing through the heat medium 3. Therefore, heat exchange is efficiently performed between the collected sunlight and the heat medium 3. As a result, when the system of this example is used as a heat source for hot water supply, it is possible to obtain hot water around 100 ° C.

  Sunlight diffused or scattered while passing through the heat medium 3 is collected again by the second condensing optical system 4 and is incident on the light guide 5, so that it is possible to suppress the diffusion loss of sunlight that passes through the heat medium 3. . Therefore, it is possible to minimize a decrease in utilization efficiency of sunlight used as illumination light. Here, since the sunlight after the heat exchange is guided to the illumination place 6 through the light guide path 5, there is no possibility that the members constituting the light guide path 5 are overheated by solar heat and damaged.

  Sunlight guided to the illumination location 6 through the light guide 5 is illuminance unevenness and luminance unevenness suitable for use as illumination light through the diffusion optical system 7 including the concave lens 27 and the irregular reflection cover 28 (light diffusion member). The illumination place 6 is illuminated as uniform diffused light for illumination without any light.

(Solar / solar heat utilization equipment)
With reference to FIG. 2, an embodiment of a solar / solar heat utilization apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described. The solar / solar heat utilization device 100 basically includes a plurality of solar / solar heat utilization systems having the same configuration as the solar / solar heat utilization system 1 shown in FIG. In this example, first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage solar / solar heat utilization systems 1A, 1B, and 1C are provided. There can be two stages, and it is also possible to have four or more stages.

  The configurations of the solar / solar heat utilization systems 1A, 1B, and 1C in each stage will be described later. The liquid-phase heat medium 3 heated in the heat medium tank 13A of the first-stage solar / solar heat utilization system 1A has a low pressure. The steam 3A is supplied to the heat medium tank 13B of the second-stage solar / solar heat utilization system 1B, where it is heated by solar heat. The heat medium heated in the second stage heat medium tank 13B to become high-pressure steam 3B is supplied to the heat medium tank 13C of the third-stage (final stage) solar / solar heat utilization system 1C, where solar heat is used. Further heating. As a result, the heat medium is supplied to the power generation system 130 as high-pressure steam 3C that can rotate the turbine 131 of the power generation system 130.

  In the power generation system 130, the generator 132 rotates by rotating the turbine 131 to generate power, and the generated electric power is supplied toward the power supply destination. The high-pressure steam after turning the turbine 131 is heat-exchanged with hot water for hot water supply in the heat exchange device 150 arranged in the middle of the medium reflux pipe 140. The high-pressure steam returns to the high-temperature heat medium (liquid) in the liquid phase by heat dissipation by heat exchange, and is returned again to the heat medium tank 13A of the first-stage solar / solar heat utilization system 1A. Used. The hot water for hot water supply is heated and returns to the hot water tank 160. The hot water stored in the hot water tank 160 is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature by heat exchange with the heat medium.

  The solar / solar heat utilization systems 1A, 1B, and 1C in each stage have basically the same configuration as the solar / solar heat utilization system 1 shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, in FIG. 2, parts corresponding to the parts in FIG. Are denoted by the same reference numerals. The sunlight / solar heat utilization systems 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B, and 1 </ b> C include a first light collecting unit A that collects sunlight through the first light collecting optical system 2 for collecting light. In addition, a heat collecting part B that collects solar heat on the heat medium 3 by irradiating and transmitting the collected sunlight to the light-transmitting heat medium 3 for heat exchange is provided. Furthermore, the second condensing part C that collects the sunlight transmitted through the heat medium 3 again through the second condensing optical system, and the re-collected sunlight needs illumination through a predetermined light guide path. And a light guide D that leads to an illumination place (not shown) such as a room. Although not shown, the sunlight guided to the illumination location is converted into illumination diffused light having no illuminance unevenness and brightness unevenness suitable for illuminating the illumination location via the diffusion optical system. An illumination unit is provided that illuminates the illumination location with the diffused light for illumination.

  The configurations of the respective parts A to D and the illumination unit (not shown) are the same as those of the solar / solar heat utilization system 1 shown in FIG. 1, but the low pressure generated at the upper end side portion of the first stage heat medium tank 13A. A steam supply pipe 171 for supplying the steam 3A to the upper end side portion of the second stage (next stage) heating medium tank 13B is disposed. Similarly, a steam supply pipe 172 for supplying high-pressure steam 3B generated in the second-stage heat medium tank 13B to the third-stage heat medium tank 13C is arranged, and the third-stage heat medium tank 13C is provided in the third-stage heat medium tank 13C. Is provided with a steam supply pipe 173 for supplying the higher-pressure high-pressure steam 3 </ b> C generated here to the turbine 131 of the power generation system 130. On the steam discharge side of the turbine 131, a medium reflux pipe 140 for returning the high-temperature heat medium 3 returned to the liquid phase via the heat exchanger 150 to the first stage heat medium tank 13A is disposed.

  In the solar / solar heat utilization apparatus 100 configured as described above, sunlight is used as illumination light at a number of distant illumination places. Moreover, high-pressure steam is generated using solar heat, and this is used as a driving gas for a turbine for power generation. Furthermore, the heat radiation when returning the high-pressure steam back to the liquid phase heat medium is used as a heat source for hot water supply. In addition to this, the high-temperature heat medium that has returned to the liquid phase after heat dissipation is recirculated to the first stage, and the heat is reused. Therefore, according to the present invention, sunlight and solar heat can be effectively used.

A 1st condensing part B Heat collecting part C 2nd condensing part D Light guiding part E Illuminating part 1, 1A, 1B, 1C Sunlight / solar heat utilization system 2 1st condensing optical system 3 Heat medium 3A Low pressure steam 3B High pressure steam 3C High pressure steam 4 Second condensing optical system 5 Light guide path 6 Illumination place 7 Diffusion optical system 11 Convex lens 12 Heat exchanger 13, 13A, 13B, 13C Heat medium tank 14 Hot water circulation pipe 15 Hot water tank 16 Hot water supply pipe 17 Convex lens 18 Lens barrels 19, 21, 24 Lens barrel portions 20, 25 Connecting lens barrel portions 22 Branch lens barrel portions 23, 26 Branch lens barrel portions 27 Concave lens 28 Diffuse reflection cover 100 Solar / solar heat utilization device 130 Power generation system 131 Turbine 132 Generator 140 Medium reflux pipe 150 Heat exchanger 160 Hot water tanks 171, 172, 173 Steam supply pipe

Claims (9)

A first light collecting step for collecting sunlight through the first light collecting optical system;
A heat collecting step for collecting solar heat in the heat medium by irradiating and transmitting the collected sunlight to a light-transmitting heat medium for heat exchange; and
A second light collecting step for collecting again the sunlight transmitted through the heat medium through the second light collecting optical system;
A light guide step for guiding the collected sunlight again to a lighting place through a predetermined light guide path;
And converting the sunlight guided to the illumination location into diffuse illumination light having a uniform illuminance through a diffusion optical system, and illuminating the illumination location with the illumination diffuse light. Features solar and solar heat usage. A solar / solar heat utilization system used for implementing the solar / solar heat utilization method according to claim 1,
A first condensing optical system for collecting sunlight;
A heat exchanger including a tank storing a light-transmissive heat medium at a position irradiated with a luminous flux of sunlight collected through the first condensing optical system;
A second condensing optical system disposed on a path of a light beam passing through the heat medium;
A light guide member that guides a light beam collected through the second light collecting optical system along a predetermined path;
And a lighting unit that illuminates an illumination place by converting the light flux after passing through the light guide member into a diffused illumination light having a uniform illuminance through a diffusion optical system. Solar heat utilization system. In claim 2,
Each of the first condensing optical system and the second condensing optical system is composed of at least one convex lens,
The diffusion optical system includes at least one concave lens and a light diffusion member, and is a solar / solar heat utilization system. In claim 2 or 3,
The solar light / solar heat utilization system, wherein the light guide member is a lens barrel or an optical fiber cable. In any one of claims 2 to 4,
The downstream portion of the light guide member in the light traveling direction is a plurality of branch portions,
A solar / solar heat utilization system, characterized in that the illumination section is arranged at the end of each branch portion. In claim 4 or 5,
The light guide member includes a connecting lens barrel for bending a light beam at a predetermined angle and a branching lens barrel for branching the light into a plurality of directions by branching the light into a plurality of directions. Usage system. In any one of claims 2 to 6,
The heat exchanger includes a pipe for heat exchange that is routed in a state immersed in the heat medium, and a secondary heat medium or a heating target for heat exchange with the heat medium through the pipe. A solar / solar heat utilization system characterized by flowing water. A solar / solar heat utilization device comprising a plurality of solar / solar heat utilization systems according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
The solar / solar heat utilization system at each stage is supplied with the heat medium from the solar / solar heat utilization system at the front stage, and the first-stage solar / solar heat utilization system from the last-stage solar / solar heat utilization system. The heating medium is refluxed,
The heating medium is heated using solar heat obtained in the solar / solar heat utilization system at each stage, and the solar medium / solar heat utilization system at the final stage is necessary to rotate the turbine for power generation. Generated in the form of high-pressure steam with pressure,
The high-pressure steam after being used to turn the turbine is returned to the first-stage solar / solar heat utilization system after returning to the liquid heat medium by heat dissipation by heat exchange. Light / solar heat utilization equipment. In claim 8,
A power generation system comprising the turbine and the generator;
A solar / solar heat utilization device, comprising: a hot water supply device that uses heat radiation from heat exchange of the high-pressure steam as a heat source for hot water supply.

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