JP2013027197A - Electric power converter - Google Patents
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- JP2013027197A JP2013027197A JP2011160907A JP2011160907A JP2013027197A JP 2013027197 A JP2013027197 A JP 2013027197A JP 2011160907 A JP2011160907 A JP 2011160907A JP 2011160907 A JP2011160907 A JP 2011160907A JP 2013027197 A JP2013027197 A JP 2013027197A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
Description
本発明は、太陽電池の発電電力を交流に変換して系統へ重畳する電力変換装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a power conversion device that converts generated power of a solar cell into alternating current and superimposes it on a system.
近年、交流電力を系統へ重畳する電力変換装置が用いられているが、このような装置は、例えば設置から１０年程度を目安に各部品の保守・点検を行うことが望ましいものであるが、期間が長くなるにつれて保守・点検のタイミングがあいまいになってしまうものであった。また、このような装置を一般家庭に設置した際には、特別に保守契約を締結することもないものであった。 In recent years, power conversion devices that superimpose AC power on a system have been used, but it is desirable for such devices to perform maintenance and inspection of each part, for example, about 10 years after installation. As the period increased, the timing of maintenance and inspection became ambiguous. In addition, when such a device is installed in a general household, no special maintenance contract is signed.
このような問題に対して、例えば特許文献１に記載されたようなものがあった。この特許文献に記載されものは、空気調和機のフィルターの掃除を利用者に定期的に促すことを目的として、空気調和機の運転時間を積算した後、フィルターサインとして表示するものであった。 In order to solve such a problem, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. What is described in this patent document is to integrate the operating time of the air conditioner and display it as a filter sign for the purpose of regularly prompting the user to clean the air conditioner filter.
従来のフィルターサインでは、フィルターが詰まることによって空気調和機の能力が低下するため、この表示と空気調和機の動作とが一致しており利用者にとっては清掃などの保守を認識しやすい。また、フィルターの汚れは数ヶ月から半年程度との比較的に短いサイクルで生じるためその必要性からもフィルターサインを認識しやすいものであった。 In the conventional filter sign, the capacity of the air conditioner is reduced due to clogging of the filter. Therefore, this display and the operation of the air conditioner match, and the user can easily recognize maintenance such as cleaning. In addition, since the filter stains occur in a relatively short cycle of several months to about half a year, it is easy to recognize the filter sign from the necessity.
しかし、装置を構成する部品には経年変化で劣化するものもあり、これらの部品の作動は長期間に渡って計時する必要がある。例えば１０年間を計時しようとした場合、従来のような運転時間の積算では１日を何時間に設定するかで計時の誤差が大きくなってしまうことがあり、また経年変化による不具合の状況は発生するまで分からないため、表示がされても理解し対応ができない場合があった。計時が早まった際は誤表示と解釈する場合があり、計時が遅くなった際は保守・点検のタイミングを得られないことがあった。 However, some of the components that make up the device deteriorate over time, and the operation of these components must be timed over a long period of time. For example, when trying to keep time for 10 years, the error in timekeeping may become large depending on how many hours are set per day in the accumulation of operating time as in the past, and the situation of malfunction due to secular change occurs. Since it was not understood until it was done, even if it was displayed, it could not be understood and handled. When the timing is too early, it may be interpreted as an incorrect display, and when the timing is delayed, the maintenance / inspection timing may not be obtained.
また、時計ＩＣなどを備え直接日付をカウントするものもあるが、停電や点検等による電源の遮断で不意に時計ＩＣがリセットされることを考慮すると１０年にわたってこの時計ＩＣの動作を継続して維持することは難しく、インターネットなどの通信から直接日付を取得する場合では、１０年後の日付の初期設定を個々に行う手間から設定忘れが生じやすく、また誤った操作で計時データがリセットされるなどの不具合が生じる場合があった。 Some watch ICs are equipped with a clock IC that counts the date directly, but considering the fact that the watch IC is unexpectedly reset due to a power interruption due to a power failure or inspection, the watch IC continues to operate for 10 years. It is difficult to maintain, and when the date is obtained directly from communication such as the Internet, it is easy to forget to set the date after 10 years, and the time data is reset due to an incorrect operation. In some cases, problems such as this occurred.
本発明の電力変換装置は、運転日数をカウントし、このカウント値が予め定めた値に達した際に所定の表示を行う表示部を備えるものである。 The power conversion device of the present invention includes a display unit that counts the number of operating days and performs a predetermined display when the count value reaches a predetermined value.
また、太陽電池の発電電力が予め定めた電力を超えた際もしくは電力変換装置の重畳運転開始から所定時間の経過後に再びこの状態に至った際に運転日数のカウントを行うことを周期的に繰り返すものである。 In addition, when the generated power of the solar cell exceeds a predetermined power or when this state is reached again after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the superimposed operation of the power converter, the operation days are periodically counted. Is.
また、太陽電池の発電電力が予め定めた電力を下回った際もしくは電力変換装置の重畳運転停止ら所定時間の経過後に再びこの状態に至った際に運転日数のカウントを行うことを周期的に繰り返すものである。 In addition, when the generated power of the solar cell falls below a predetermined power or when this state is reached again after a lapse of a predetermined time after the superimposed operation of the power converter is stopped, the operation days are periodically counted. Is.
また、交流電力の系統への重畳の可否を切り換えるリレー接片を備え、当該リレー接片の作動回数を運転日数のカウントに用いるものである。 Moreover, the relay contact piece which switches the possibility of superimposition to the system | strain of alternating current power is provided, and the frequency | count of operation of the said relay contact piece is used for the count of the operation days.
また、表示は点検を促す表示、もしくは寿命を示唆する表示である。 Further, the display is a display that prompts inspection or a display that suggests the life.
本発明によれば、日の出もしくは日の入りに基づく太陽電池の発電電力の変化から１日を判断して日数のカウントを行うことができ、または日の出もしくは日の入りに基づく系統への連携の有無から日数のカウントを行うことができるものである。 According to the present invention, the number of days can be counted by judging one day from the change in the generated power of the solar cell based on sunrise or sunset, or counting the number of days based on the presence or absence of cooperation with the grid based on sunrise or sunset. Is something that can be done.
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１は本発明の実施例を示す説明図であり、太陽電池１の発電電力（直流電力）は配線２を経て交流電力を生成する電力変換装置３へ供給される。太陽電池３は複数のセルを直列及び並列に接続して所定の定格電圧及び所定の定格出力が得られるように構成した太陽電池モジュールを複数枚直列及び並列接続したものであり、例えば、定格電圧３００Ｖ、出力２．４Ｋｗ、出力４．８Ｋｗなどのように構成されている。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and the generated power (DC power) of the solar cell 1 is supplied via a wiring 2 to a power conversion device 3 that generates AC power. The solar cell 3 is formed by connecting a plurality of solar cell modules connected in series and in parallel so that a predetermined rated voltage and a predetermined rated output can be obtained by connecting a plurality of cells in series and in parallel. 300V, output 2.4 Kw, output 4.8 Kw, etc. are comprised.
電力変換装置３へは端子Ｐｐ、Ｎｐを介して直流電力が供給され、端子Ｐｐから太陽電池１の発電電圧を得ることができる。電力変換装置３はリアクタ４、スイッチング素子５、ダイオード７、平滑用のコンデンサ７からなる昇圧回路（ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ）、４個のスイッチング素子８〜１１を単相ブリッジ状に結線したインバータ回路（ＩＮＶ）、リアクタ１２ａ、１２ｂ、コンデンサ１３からなるローパスフィルター回路（ＬＰＦ）、及び開閉接片１４、１５と切換接片１６、１７を備え交流電力を系統１８につながる建屋内の電源ラインへ重畳させるものである。 DC power is supplied to the power conversion device 3 via the terminals Pp and Np, and the generated voltage of the solar cell 1 can be obtained from the terminal Pp. The power converter 3 is a booster circuit (DC / DC converter) composed of a reactor 4, a switching element 5, a diode 7, and a smoothing capacitor 7, and an inverter circuit in which four switching elements 8 to 11 are connected in a single-phase bridge shape ( INV), low-pass filter circuit (LPF) composed of reactors 12a and 12b and capacitor 13, open / close contact pieces 14 and 15 and switching contact pieces 16 and 17, and superimposing AC power on a power line in the building connected to system 18 Is.
１９は自立運転用コンセントであり、系統が停電状態であり、かつ太陽電池３の端子Ｐｐから得られる開放電圧が所定の電圧（例えば９０Ｖ）以上であれば、切換接片１６、２７が切換ってインバータ回路で生成された所定の周波数と所定の電圧（例えば、５０Ｈｚ１００ｖ、６０Ｈｚ１００ｖ）の交流電力を出力するものである。尚、系統１８から通常に電力が供給されている場合は電力変換装置３の交流出力は開閉接片１４、１５、切換接片１６、１７を介して家屋内の電源ラインに重畳されるものである。 19 is a stand-alone operation outlet. When the system is in a power failure state and the open voltage obtained from the terminal Pp of the solar cell 3 is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage (for example, 90 V), the switching contact pieces 16 and 27 are switched. AC power having a predetermined frequency and a predetermined voltage (for example, 50 Hz 100 v, 60 Hz 100 v) generated by the inverter circuit is output. When power is normally supplied from the system 18, the AC output of the power converter 3 is superimposed on the power line in the house via the open / close contact pieces 14 and 15 and the switching contact pieces 16 and 17. is there.
２０は電力変換装置３の動作（スイッチング素子のＯＮ／ＯＦＦや開閉接片、切換接片の動作）や表示を行う制御部である。この表示部（図示せず）は、太陽電池１の発電状態、系統１８への逆潮流電力の量、切換接片の状態、異常表示、点検を促す表示（例えば「サービスセンターへご連絡ください。」、「１０年経ちました点検をお願いします。」）などを表示灯の点灯や数字・文字列に変換して表示するよう構成されているものであり、またこれらの表示は電力変換装置３の本体自体に備えるものに限らず、ワイヤレス／有線を問わず別体に設けられた表示部や、インターネットなどのネットワークを介して任意の情報端末に表示させるように成してもよいものである。 Reference numeral 20 denotes a control unit that performs an operation of the power conversion device 3 (ON / OFF of a switching element, an operation of an opening / closing contact, and a switching contact) and a display. This display unit (not shown) displays the power generation status of the solar cell 1, the amount of reverse flow power to the system 18, the state of the switching contact piece, an abnormality display, and a display that prompts inspection (for example, contact the service center. ”,“ Please check after 10 years ”.)) Is displayed and converted into numbers and character strings, and these indications are displayed on the power converter. 3 may be configured to be displayed on an arbitrary information terminal via a display unit provided separately or regardless of wireless / wired or a network such as the Internet. is there.
系統１８に異常等が生じていない通常時の電力変換装置３の動作は、端子Ｐｐの電圧を検出し、この電圧が所定の電圧（例えば９０ｖ）を超えた際に、太陽電池１の発電電力が充分と判断し交流電力の生成を開始する。すなわち、日の出からの太陽電池１の出力電圧を検出して、日の出であることを判断し、１日であることのカウントを行う。この際、日の出は１日１回であるので前回の日の出を判断した時から所定時間（例えば２０時間）以上経過していることを条件としている。この条件を加えることによって、日陰、雲、雨などにより一時的に太陽電池１の発電が減少した際の誤判断を防止している。尚、判断漏れが生じて１日のカウントが成されなくとも１０年などの長い期間で見れば誤差範囲と扱うことが可能である。 The normal operation of the power conversion device 3 in which no abnormality or the like has occurred in the system 18 is that the voltage of the terminal Pp is detected, and when this voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage (for example, 90 v), the generated power of the solar cell 1 Is sufficient, and generation of AC power is started. That is, the output voltage of the solar cell 1 from the sunrise is detected, it is determined that it is sunrise, and the day is counted. At this time, since the sunrise is once a day, it is a condition that a predetermined time (for example, 20 hours) or more has elapsed since the previous sunrise was determined. By adding this condition, misjudgment when the power generation of the solar cell 1 temporarily decreases due to shade, clouds, rain, or the like is prevented. Even if a day is not counted due to an omission of judgment, it can be treated as an error range if viewed over a long period such as 10 years.
太陽電池１の発電電力は昇圧回路で昇圧された後インバータ回路で疑似正弦波による交流電力に変換されローパスフィルターで高調波成分及び高周波成分が除去されて目標の周波数の交流電力に生成された後家屋内の電源ラインに重畳され負荷へ供給される。この時、電源ラインに重畳される電力（電力変換装置３の出力）は太陽電池１の発電電力と等しくなければならないので太陽電池１の発電電力（電圧×電流）と電源ラインに供給する出力（電圧×電流）とが等しくなるように昇圧回路の昇圧比が制御される。すなわち、スイッチング素子５を周期的にＯＮ／ＯＦＦさせる際のＯＮデューティを制御するものである。また、太陽電池１の出力は端子Ｐｐの電圧に応じて出力特性が変化するので、その時点での発電電力が最大になるように電源ラインに出力する電流を前後させて最大発電力の点を探すところの所詮ＭＰＰＴ（Maximum Power Point Tracking）制御を行うものである。 The generated power of the solar cell 1 is boosted by a booster circuit, then converted into AC power by a pseudo sine wave by an inverter circuit, the harmonic component and the high-frequency component are removed by a low-pass filter, and the AC power having a target frequency is generated. It is superimposed on the power line in the house and supplied to the load. At this time, the power superimposed on the power supply line (the output of the power conversion device 3) must be equal to the power generated by the solar battery 1, so that the power generated by the solar battery 1 (voltage × current) and the output supplied to the power supply line ( The step-up ratio of the step-up circuit is controlled so that (voltage × current) becomes equal. That is, the ON duty when the switching element 5 is periodically turned ON / OFF is controlled. Moreover, since the output characteristics of the output of the solar cell 1 change according to the voltage of the terminal Pp, the current output to the power supply line is moved back and forth so that the generated power at that time becomes maximum, and the point of maximum power generation is set. The point to be searched for is MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control.
開閉接片１４、１５は少なくともインバータ回路の出力電圧が系統との連携が可能な電圧に至った際に位相の同期を持ってから閉じられるものである。この開閉接片１４、１５は太陽電池１の発電開始、すなわち日の出と実質的に連動することになるので、この開閉接片が閉じることによって１日のカウントを行うことも可能である。 The open / close contacts 14 and 15 are closed after having phase synchronization when at least the output voltage of the inverter circuit reaches a voltage capable of cooperating with the system. Since the open / close contacts 14 and 15 are substantially interlocked with the start of power generation of the solar cell 1, that is, sunrise, it is possible to count one day by closing the open / close contacts.
このように構成された電力変換装置３では、たとえば、１０年後に保守・点検等を行いたい部品がある場合や装置のサービス点検を行いたい際には、設置もしくは最初の運転開始から日数のカウントを１０年に設定して、端子Ｐｐの電圧変化から日の出による１日を判断しカウント値を積算してくものである。このカウントは前回１日を判断した時間から２０時間を超えた際にカウント動作を有効に判断し、以後この判断時を明日の判断の基準に置き換え、以後周期的にこの判断を繰り返していくものである。尚、設置時等所定の経過時間が判断できない場合は、例えば数回目の判断（例えば５回目の判断）から２０時間の経過を有効して１日のカウントを行うものである。カウントが１０年に達した際は、点検等を促す表示を行うものであり、または表示に要する信号を出力するものである。 In the power conversion device 3 configured as described above, for example, when there is a part to be maintained / inspected after 10 years, or when it is desired to perform service inspection of the device, the number of days from the start of the installation or the first operation is counted. Is set to 10 years, one day due to sunrise is judged from the voltage change of the terminal Pp, and the count value is integrated. This count is determined when the count operation exceeds 20 hours from the time when the previous day was judged, and then this judgment time is replaced with the standard for tomorrow's judgment, and this judgment is repeated periodically thereafter. It is. When a predetermined elapsed time cannot be determined, such as at the time of installation, for example, 20 days have passed since the third determination (for example, the fifth determination), and one day is counted. When the count reaches 10 years, a display for prompting an inspection or the like is performed, or a signal required for the display is output.
以上の実施例では、日の出を基に１日の判断を行ったが、日の入り、すなわち太陽電池１の発電電力の低下から同様に判断することも可能である。同様に開閉接片１４、１５が開くタイミングから日の入りを判断して１日のカウント行うようにしてもよいものである。 In the above embodiment, the day is determined based on the sunrise, but it is also possible to make the same determination from the sunset, that is, the decrease in the generated power of the solar cell 1. Similarly, it is also possible to determine the sunset from the opening timing of the open / close contact pieces 14 and 15 and to count the day.
本発明に係る集電箱は、上記実施例に示した構成に限定されず、種々の形態のものに適用できるものであり、本発明の技術範囲において種々の形態を包含するものである。 The current collection box according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the above embodiment, but can be applied to various forms, and includes various forms within the technical scope of the present invention.
１ 太陽電池
３ 電力変換装置
１８ 系統
1 solar cell 3 power converter 18 systems
Claims (5)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2011160907A JP6098861B2 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Power converter |
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| JP2011160907A JP6098861B2 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Power converter |
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| JP2013027197A true JP2013027197A (en) | 2013-02-04 |
| JP6098861B2 JP6098861B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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| JP2011160907A Active JP6098861B2 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | Power converter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014209825A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-11-06 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Power generation system |
| JP2019161877A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-19 | オムロン株式会社 | Power conditioner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02228715A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-11 | Toshiba Corp | Solar power generating system |
| JP2002292381A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-08 | Tokico Ltd | Drive device utilizing electric power of solar cell and water cleaning apparatus |
| JP2009254017A (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-29 | Sharp Corp | Power conversion device |
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2011
- 2011-07-22 JP JP2011160907A patent/JP6098861B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02228715A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-11 | Toshiba Corp | Solar power generating system |
| JP2002292381A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-08 | Tokico Ltd | Drive device utilizing electric power of solar cell and water cleaning apparatus |
| JP2009254017A (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-29 | Sharp Corp | Power conversion device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014209825A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-11-06 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Power generation system |
| JP2019161877A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-19 | オムロン株式会社 | Power conditioner |
| JP7067152B2 (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2022-05-16 | オムロン株式会社 | Power conditioner |
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| JP6098861B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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