JP2013019605A - Radio primer detonator unit, master die, radio detonation system, and radio detonation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radio primer detonator unit that can much more reduce working hours in a vicinity of a cutting edge, a master die, a radio denotation system, and a radio denotation method.SOLUTION: In a radio primer detonator unit 10, which includes a denotation part 10A, a control part 10B that is connected with the denotation part and ignites the same, and an antenna part 10C having a detonation part side antenna 30 in which the control part is an antenna uses by radio communication and a conductive wire 31 whose one end is connected with the control part and the other end to the detonation part side antenna, the control part 10B receives a transmission signal whose operation frequency is 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less via the detonation part side antenna 30 and conductive wire 31. The detonation part side antenna 30 has a loop form whose diameter is 30 cm or less.

Description

  The present invention relates to a radio detonator, a parent die, a radio detonation system, and a radio detonation method used in tunnel excavation and the like.

Conventionally, in a blasting operation at a tunnel excavation site or the like, a plurality of charging holes having a diameter of several centimeters and a depth of several meters, for example, are drilled in the face of the face that is the excavation surface. A blasting method is disclosed in which an explosive that can be detonated wirelessly is loaded into a well and an explosion signal is wirelessly transmitted from a remote position away from the face.
For example, in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, even if the magnetic field energy is small, all of the wireless detonators loaded in the charge holes on the facet can receive stable energy. A transmission antenna for a remote wireless detonation system is disclosed in which a loop antenna of a detonation signal transmitter is disposed in close proximity to a cave wall all around.
In addition, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, a transmitter transmits a control signal requesting a return signal indicating an electrical energy storage state to each radio detonator, and charging of all radio detonators is completed. Disclosed is a remote wireless detonator that transmits a detonation preparation command signal to each radio detonator after confirmation, receives detonation preparation completion signals from all detonators, and then transmits an detonation signal to each detonator Has been.
Moreover, the prior art described in Patent Document 3 discloses an antenna for a remote radio initiation system that is fixedly installed on the ground in a tunnel.

JP 2001-127511 A Japanese Patent No. 4309001 Japanese Patent No. 4416274

In the prior art described in Patent Document 1, the transmitting antenna is wound in a coil shape a plurality of times over the entire circumference of the cave wall, and the frequency transmitted from the transmitter is 10 KHz or less, so 50 windings or less, preferably 30 It is disclosed that the winding is less than the winding. The work of winding the loop antenna arranged close to the wall surface of the cave around the entire circumference as many as 30 times is very troublesome, and the work time in the vicinity of the face is long due to the installation of the transmission antenna. Since the possibility of encountering falling rocks and collapses increases, it is not preferable. Also, the receiving coil that becomes the antenna of the radio detonator needs a complicated coil that is wound many times around the ferrite core in order to receive a signal with a frequency of 10 KHz or less and extract larger energy, as will be described later. It becomes.
Further, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, it is estimated that a transmission antenna similar to that of Patent Document 1 is required because the frequency of transmission from the transmitter is less than 10 KHz. Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, it is estimated that the work time in the vicinity of the facet will be longer due to the installation of the transmission antenna, which is not preferable.

Moreover, the following subjects remain in the operating device and radio detonator deduced from the prior art described in Patent Documents 1 to 3.
In order to receive the transmission signal transmitted wirelessly from the operating unit with the wireless detonator and extract more energy with the wireless detonator, the energy of the transmission signal from the operating unit must be increased, and the wireless detonator It is necessary to receive the transmission signal more efficiently when receiving the transmission signal.
As a method for outputting a transmission signal from the operating device with larger energy, there are methods of increasing the current to the antenna on the operating device side and increasing the number of turns of the antenna. However, when the current is increased, the loss due to Joule heat increases, and in the worst case, it burns out. Further, it is necessary to make the antenna line a thicker line having a smaller resistance value. In practice, the current can be increased only to about several A. Further, the number of windings along the inner wall of the tunnel is practically 40 to 500 times at most. Thereby, as described in Patent Document 1, 40 to 500 AT [ampere turn] is a practical value.

As a method of receiving more efficiently on the receiving side, receiving with an antenna closer to the length of λ / 2 with respect to the wavelength λ of the transmission signal, and amplifying the extracted energy by winding many antennas And aggregating transmission signals using a high permeability core. In the prior art described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the frequency of the transmission signal is 10 KHz, λ = v / f = (30 * 10 ⁷ ) [m] / (10 * 10 ³ ) = 30 [Km] Λ / 2 = 15 [Km], and it is not realistic to attach an antenna of this length to the radio detonator. Therefore, in practice, a coil is wound 100-100,000 around a high permeability core having a diameter of about 50 mm, and a coil core having the same diameter as that of a cylindrical explosive is used as an antenna. In this case, the coil core is about the size of a baseball ball and weighs several hundred grams. If the coil wire is hung outside the charge hole with the conductive wire, the wire may be cut off. The coil core is hung outside the charge hole. That is not preferable. Therefore, as described in the core and receiving coil of Patent Document 1, it is preferable to dispose at the head of the radio detonator. However, in that case, since the coil core, which is a receiving antenna, is disposed at the innermost part of the charging hole, it is difficult for the transmission signal to reach and it is difficult to improve the reception efficiency.
Thus, in the operating device and the wireless detonator assumed from Patent Documents 1 to 3, it is necessary to wind the antenna for transmitting the transmission signal from the operating device side about 40 to 500 times, It is necessary to arrange a coil core, which is an antenna for receiving a transmission signal on the detonator side, at the back of the charge hole and wind the coil 100 to 100,000 times.

Moreover, in the prior art described in patent documents 1-3, the frequency of the response signal transmitted by radio | wireless from a radio detonator to an operating device is described as 10 MHz-60 MHz. Here, when the frequency of the response signal is 10 MHz, the length that can be most efficiently received by the antenna that is received by the controller is λ / 2 = [(30 * 10 ⁷ ) / (10 * 10 ⁶ )] / 2. = 15 [m]. It is not preferable to use an antenna longer than λ because a standing wave is likely to be generated. However, as described above, the antenna that transmits the transmission signal from the controller has 40 to 500 turns along the inner wall of the tunnel, and thus slightly exceeds λ (in this case, 30 [m]). . Therefore, as described in Patent Document 3, an antenna for receiving a response signal by the controller requires a reception-only half-wave dipole antenna. In addition, when the above-described coil core is used when transmitting a response signal from the wireless detonator, the response signal is transmitted from the innermost part of the charge hole, and the energy reaching the operating device becomes very small. Therefore, as described in Patent Document 3, the radio detonator has a linear antenna dedicated to transmitting a response signal hung outside the charge hole.
As described above, in the controller and the radio detonator assumed from the prior art described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the radio detonator requires a large coil core as a reception-dedicated antenna, and a transmission-dedicated antenna. As a linear antenna is required. As for the operating device, an antenna that is wound 40 to 500 turns along the inner wall of the tunnel is required as an antenna dedicated to transmission, and a dipole antenna dedicated to reception is required. Therefore, it takes time to install the antenna necessary for the operating device, and the work time in the vicinity of the facet becomes longer, which is not preferable.
The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and provides a wireless detonator, a parent die, a wireless detonation system, and a wireless detonation method that can shorten the work time in the vicinity of the face. Is an issue.

In order to solve the above problems, the wireless detonator, the parent die, the wireless detonation system, and the wireless detonation method according to the present invention take the following means.
First, the first invention of the present invention is an initiation unit, a control unit that is connected to the initiation unit and ignites the initiation unit, an initiation side antenna that is an antenna used by the control unit in wireless communication, A wireless detonator having an antenna unit having one end connected to the control unit and the other end connected to the initiation-side antenna.
And the said control part receives the transmission signal of the operation frequency which is a frequency of 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less via the said explosion side antenna and the said conductive wire, The said explosion side antenna is a loop shape, and a loop diameter is 30 cm or less It is.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the frequency received by the wireless detonator through wireless communication is set to a frequency of 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less, so that the initiation-side antenna is a loop antenna wound several times with a loop diameter of 30 cm or less. Can do.
This makes it possible to use a very simple and small-diameter loop antenna, and it can be loaded into the charge hole with the explosion-side antenna connected to the radio detonator, so that the radio detonator can be inserted into the charge hole on the face. The loading time can be shortened.
Therefore, the working time in the vicinity of the face can be shortened.

  Next, a second invention of the present invention is a parent die comprising the wireless detonator and the explosive according to the first invention, wherein the wireless detonator is attached to the explosive and the conductive The length of the wire is such that when the parent die is loaded in the charge hole drilled at the bombed location, the initiation side antenna connected to the other end of the conductive wire is connected to the outside of the charge hole. Is set to a length that can be reached.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the wireless detonator is loaded into the charging hole, the initiation-side antenna is appropriately disposed outside the charging hole.
This eliminates the need to adjust the position of the initiation-side antenna after the wireless detonator is loaded in the charge hole, and the time required for loading the wireless detonator into the charge hole on the face can be shortened.
Therefore, the working time in the vicinity of the face can be shortened.

Next, according to a third aspect of the present invention, the transmission signal is wirelessly transmitted to the master detonator and the master die according to the second aspect of the present invention and the remote detonator arranged at a remote position away from the charge hole A wireless detonation system including a detonation operating device that wirelessly receives a response signal from the wireless detonation detonator and an operation-side antenna that is an antenna used by the detonation operating device for wireless communication.
And the said operation side antenna is a loop shape, and the said control part will produce the response signal corresponding to the received said transmission signal, if the said transmission signal is received from the said detonation operation machine, the created said response signal, The response frequency that is higher than the operation frequency is transmitted through the conductive wire and the initiation side antenna, and the response frequency is set to a frequency that is longer than the loop length of the operation side antenna. ing.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the frequency of the signal transmitted from the detonator to the wireless detonator is set to 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less, so that the number of turns of the operation side antenna is reduced to 1/10 compared to the case of 10 KHz. Or it can be reduced to less than that.
Thereby, the work time for extending the operation-side antenna in the vicinity of the face can be shortened.
Therefore, the working time in the vicinity of the face can be shortened.
In addition, by setting the response frequency from the radio detonator to a frequency with a wavelength longer than the length of the operation-side antenna, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of standing waves and improve the reliability of transmission and reception.

  Next, 4th invention of this invention is a radio detonation system which concerns on the said 3rd invention, Comprising: The said response frequency is 1 MHz or more and 10 MHz or less.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the response frequency that prevents the occurrence of standing waves can be set to an appropriate frequency, and the transmission / reception reliability can be improved.

Next, a fifth invention of the present invention is an initiating part, a control part connected to the initiating part and igniting the initiating part, and an antenna used by the control part for wireless communication and having a length of 30 cm or less. A wireless detonator comprising an initiation side antenna having a loop shape of a diameter and an antenna portion having one end connected to the control unit and the other end connected to the initiation side antenna, A wireless detonation that blasts the bombed location using a parent die attached to the detonator and a detonator operating device that wirelessly transmits a transmission signal to the wireless detonator and wirelessly receives a response signal from the detonator Is the method.
And a charging hole drilling step for drilling a charging hole at the bombed location, and a loading step for loading the parent die into the charging hole so that the initiation side antenna reaches the outside of the charging hole And an operation side antenna set to a length shorter than the wavelength corresponding to the response frequency which is the frequency of the response signal, which is an antenna used by the detonator in wireless communication, a predetermined distance from the bombed location Operation-side antenna tensioning step that extends in a substantially loop shape at a position apart from the operation-side antenna, and preparation for initiation of detonation in the wireless detonator at the operation frequency that is a frequency of 100 KHz to 500 KHz from the detonator via the operation-side antenna. A preparation start transmission step of transmitting a preparation start signal, which is a transmission signal to be transmitted, and an initiation preparation at the control unit that has received the preparation start signal via the initiation side antenna When the preparation is completed, a preparation completion signal, which is a response signal indicating the completion of preparation, is transmitted from the control unit via the initiation side antenna at the response frequency having a wavelength longer than the length of the operation side antenna. A preparation completion response step for transmitting to the detonator, and a detonation execution for transmitting a detonation execution signal which is a transmission signal instructing execution of detonation from the detonation operator having received the preparation completion signal via the operation-side antenna A transmission step, and an initiation step of initiating the initiation unit and the explosive by igniting the initiation unit by the control unit that has received the initiation execution signal via the initiation side antenna.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the operation frequency transmitted from the detonator to the wireless detonator is set to 100 KHz to 500 KHz, and the detonation side antenna having a diameter of 30 cm or less is used. It is possible to realize a wireless detonation method that can shorten the time required for the forming step, that is, the work time near the face.

It is a figure explaining the state which loaded the explosive unit 20 in the radio | wireless detonation system 1 for blasting the face surface 41 in a tunnel excavation site, and the charge hole 40 drilled in the face surface 41. FIG. It is a figure explaining the example of the structure of the explosive unit 20, the radio detonator 10, and the control part 10B. It is a flowchart explaining the process sequence of a radio initiation method.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking a tunnel excavation site as an example.
● [Overall configuration of wireless detonation system 1 and loading state of explosive unit 20 in charge hole 40 (FIG. 1)]
The wireless detonation system 1 is arranged at a remote position away from the charge hole 40 and loaded in the charge hole 40 cut out on the face 41, and wirelessly transmits and receives to / from the explosive unit 20. The detonation operating device 50 is configured to include an operation side antenna 60 stretched in the vicinity of the face surface 41.
The charge hole 40 is, for example, a hole drilled to have a diameter D1 of about 5 cm and a depth D2 of about 2 m, but is not limited to this value.
As shown in FIG. 2, the wireless detonator 10 is composed of a detonation section 10A, a control section 10B, and an antenna section 10C. The antenna section 10C has a substantially loop-shaped detonation side antenna 30 and one end is controlled. And a conductive wire 31 connected to the explosion side antenna 30 at the other end.
The wireless detonator 10 is appropriately connected to the parent die 13A and the parent die 13A, which is the explosive 13 that is the leading explosive 13 when being loaded into the charge hole 40 and into which the wireless detonator 10 is inserted. The charge hole 40 is loaded together with the expansion die 13B which is the explosive 13 to be increased or decreased.
As shown in FIG. 2, the explosive unit 20 is composed of an explosive 13 and a radio detonator 10, and the explosive unit 20 is a state in which only a parent die 13A or an additional die 13B is added to the parent die 13A. Is an explosive.
Further, a protective cap 21 made of an elastic material such as rubber is fitted at the front end of the explosive unit 20 and is loaded into the charge hole 40. At the rear end of the explosive unit 20, there is a container 22 such as clay. The lid is closed. The length of the conductive wire 31 is set to a length that allows the initiation side antenna 30 to reach the outside of the charging hole 40 when the explosive unit 20 is loaded in the charging hole 40. The protective cap 21 protects the conductive wire 31 and reduces the shock at the time of loading, but may be omitted.

An operation side antenna 60 is connected to the detonation operating device 50 via a blasting bus 62 and an auxiliary bus 61. The operation-side antenna 60 and the auxiliary bus 61 are newly stretched every time they are blown up.
The operation side antenna 60 is stretched along the cave floor 42, the cave side wall 43, and the cave ceiling 44 at a position separated from the face surface 41 by a distance L1 of about 1 m, for example. The distance L2 from the tip of the blast bus 62 to the face surface 41 is, for example, about 30 m. The distance L3 from the tip of the blast bus 62 to the detonation operating device 50 is, for example, about 70 m.
The detonation operating device 50 transmits a transmission signal by wireless communication via the blasting bus 62, the auxiliary bus 61, and the operation-side antenna 60, and the operation frequency, which is a transmission frequency, is set to 100 KHz to 500 KHz. If the operating frequency is higher than 500 KHz, a standing wave tends to be generated in the tunnel, which is not preferable.
Further, the detonator 50 receives a response signal from the control unit 10B of the wireless detonator 10 via the operation-side antenna 60, the auxiliary bus 61, and the blast bus 62. In addition, the response frequency which is the frequency of the response signal from the radio detonator 10 is 1 MHz or more and 10 MHz.

In the wireless detonation system 1 described in the present embodiment, by setting the operation frequency to 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less, the operation-side antenna 60 can be wound once or several times. In addition, power is supplied to the control unit 10B of the radio detonator 10 with the transmission signal of the operation frequency, and the ignition energy is stored. The power at the time of transmission for power supply and power storage of the control unit 10B can be performed with a relatively small power of about several tens of watts to several hundreds of watts. The diameter of the initiation-side antenna 30 can also be a small-diameter antenna of 30 cm or less, and as a guide, it can be a very small-diameter antenna of about 5 cm to about 10 cm.
For example, when the operating frequency is 200 KHz, λ / 2, which is the length of the antenna that can be most efficiently received by the wireless detonator, is λ / 2 = [v / f] / 2 = [(30 * 10 ⁷ ) / ( 200 * 10 ³ )] / 2 = 750 [m], but with a very light loop antenna wound about 1 to 20 times with a diameter of about 10 cm, sufficient energy can be obtained by hanging it out of the charge hole. Can be taken out. Compared with the conventional case where the antenna is arranged at the innermost part of the charging hole, it can be received outside the charging hole, so that energy can be extracted very efficiently. In addition, since the operating frequency is high, the wavelength λ is shorter than in the prior art and it is easy to extract energy. Since the reception efficiency on the wireless detonator side is good, the output energy of the transmission signal does not require as much energy as in the past, and may be an operation-side antenna with one to several turns.
Further, the transmission antenna for the response signal transmitted from the wireless detonator to the detonator can also be used as a loop antenna hanging outside the charge hole. When the response frequency is 10 MHz, the length of the receiving antenna of the detonator is preferably not longer than the response frequency wavelength λ (in this case, 30 [m]). The winding operation side antenna can also be used.

In the conventional method with an operation frequency of 10 KHz or less, as described above, the number of turns of the operation-side antenna for transmitting the transmission signal is required about 40 to 500 times, and a response signal from the radio detonator is received. Therefore, a very long work time was required near the facet.
In the present application, the number of turns of the operation-side antenna 60 may be one to several times, and a reception-only dipole antenna is also unnecessary. It can be completed in a very short time.
In the conventional method with an operation frequency of 10 KHz or less, as already explained, a complicated and heavy weight in which a coil is wound many times around a ferrite core having a diameter of about 50 mm is arranged at the back of the charge hole. Furthermore, it was necessary to hang the linear antenna outside the charge hole.
In the present application, it is only necessary to hang a very lightweight loop antenna wound about 1 to 20 times with a diameter of about 10 cm outside the charge hole. In the present application, since the diameter of the initiation side antenna 30 is a small diameter of 30 cm or less, the initiation side antenna does not get in the way, and the wireless initiation detonator 10 can be set in the loading device with the initiation side antenna attached. And the loading operation | work of the radio detonator 10 to the charging hole 40 can be completed in a shorter time.

● [Structure of wireless detonator 10 (Fig. 2) and procedure of wireless detonation method (Fig. 3)]
Next, the detailed structure of the wireless detonator 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
The wireless explosive detonator 10 is inserted into the top explosive 13 when loaded in the charge hole 40, and becomes the parent die 13 </ b> A that is directly blown by the wireless explosive detonator 10. The explosive 13 disposed behind the parent die 13A when loaded into the charge hole 40 becomes an additional die 13B that explodes in conjunction with the explosion of the parent die 13A. The number of additional dies 13B is appropriately increased or decreased according to the desired blasting energy.
The wireless detonator 10 shown in FIG. 2 is shown in a cross-sectional view. The wireless detonator 10 is sealed with a closure plug 10Z in which a detonator 10A and a controller 10B are accommodated in a tube 10X. Further, the initiation part 10A includes an insulating sleeve 11A, an ignition ball 11B, an inner tube 11C, an initiation agent 11D, an attachment agent 11E, and the like. The control unit 10B includes a transmission / reception unit 12B, a CPU 12A, a storage unit 12C, a storage state detection unit 12D, a switch unit 12E, an ignition unit 12F, an ID storage unit 12G, and the like.
Hereinafter, the operation of each component of the control unit 10B will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
In the following description, the operation frequency that is the frequency of the transmission signal from the detonator 50 is set to 200 KHz, and the response frequency that is the frequency of the response signal from the wireless detonator 10 is set to 10 MHz. explain.

As shown in FIG. 3, the operator drills a plurality of charging holes 40 in the facet surface 41 using a drilling machine or the like in the charging hole drilling step of step S10, and proceeds to step S20.
In the loading step of step S20, the operator uses the loading device or the like to load the explosive unit 20 so that the initiation side antenna 30 reaches the outside of the charged hole 40 in each of the drilled charged holes 40. The process proceeds to step S30.
In the operation side antenna tensioning step in step S30, the operator stretches the operation side antenna 60 on the cave floor, the cave side wall, and the cave ceiling at a distance L1 from the face surface 41, and the operation side antenna 60 and the auxiliary bus 61 Then, the blast bus 62 and the detonator 50 are connected, and the process proceeds to step S40. In addition, the length of the operation side antenna 60 is set to a length shorter than the wavelength corresponding to the response frequency of the radio detonator 10. For example, when the response frequency is 10 MHz, from λ = v / f, wavelength = light speed / response frequency = 300,000 [Km / s] / 10 * 10 ⁶ [/ s] = 30 [m]. Therefore, when the response frequency is 10 MHz, the operation side antenna 60 set to a length shorter than 30 m is stretched in a loop shape. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of a standing wave can be suppressed and the reliability of radio | wireless communication can be improved more. In addition, with this length, the operation side antenna 60 can be stretched over the entire circumference of the tunnel floor, cave side wall, cave ceiling and the entire circumference with only one or several turns. The antenna tensioning work can be completed. Instead of determining the length of the operation side antenna 60 after determining the response frequency, the response frequency may be determined after determining the length of the operation side antenna 60.
In step S <b> 40, the worker starts to operate the detonation operating device 50.
Hereinafter, the operation of the detonation operating device 50 by the operation of the operator in step S40 and the operation of the control unit 10B of the radio detonator 10 will be described.

In step S <b> 110, the detonation operating device 50 determines whether or not an instruction for transmitting a preparation start signal for starting detonation preparation for all the wireless detonators 10 has been input from the operator. If an instruction is input from the worker (Yes), the process proceeds to step S120. If an instruction is not input (No), the process returns to step S110 and waits for input.
When proceeding to step S120, the detonation operating device 50 wirelessly transmits a preparation start signal for the operating frequency (in this case, 200 KHz) via the blasting bus 62, the auxiliary bus 61, and the operating side antenna 60, and step S130. Proceed to
The above steps S110 and S120 correspond to a preparation start transmission step.

In step S210, the CPU 12A of the control unit 10B of the wireless detonator 10 determines whether or not a preparation start signal from the detonation operating device 50 has been received. When the preparation start signal is received (Yes), the process proceeds to step S220. When the preparation start signal is not received (No), the process returns to step S210 and waits for input. In this case, the transmission / reception means 12B shown in FIG. 2 detects a transmission signal (in this case, a preparation start signal) from the initiation operating device 50 input via the initiation side antenna 30 and the conductive wire 31, and outputs it to the CPU 12A. . The transmission / reception unit 12B converts the received signal of the operating frequency (in this case, 200 KHz) into electric power and supplies the electric power used in the control unit 10B and the electric power stored in the electric storage unit 12C.
When the process proceeds to step S220, the CPU 12A starts storing power in the power storage means 12C, which is preparation for detonation, based on the received preparation start signal, and proceeds to step S230. The power storage means 12C is a capacitor or the like, and can store charges based on a control signal from the CPU 12A. The CPU 12A can detect the storage state of the storage unit 12C via the storage state detection unit 12D.
In step S230, CPU 12A determines based on the detection signal from power storage state detection unit 12D whether the power storage amount of power storage unit 12C has reached a preset power storage amount. If it has reached the set power storage amount (Yes), the process proceeds to step S240, and if it has not reached (No), the process returns to step S220.
When the process proceeds to step S240, the CPU 12A outputs a preparation completion signal, which is a response signal including information indicating completion of the preparation (storage), to the transmission / reception means 12B, and the process proceeds to step S250. The preparation completion signal also includes ID information read from the ID storage unit 12G. By using this ID information (an ID assigned to each control unit 10B in advance), the detonator 50 can appropriately recognize which wireless detonator preparation (power storage) has been completed. The transmission / reception means 12B outputs a response signal from the CPU 12A toward the initiation operating device 50 via the conductive wire 31 and the initiation side antenna 30 at a response frequency (in this case, 10 MHz).
The above steps S210 to S240 correspond to a preparation completion response step.

In step S130, the detonation controller 50 determines whether a preparation completion signal from the wireless detonator 10 has been received. Each of the plurality of wireless detonators 10 is assigned a unique ID in advance, and the preparation completion signal includes ID information. The detonation controller 50 determines whether or not preparation completion signals from all the wireless detonators have been received. If the ready signals from all the wireless detonators 10 are received (Yes), the process proceeds to step S140. If not (No), the process returns to step S130 until the ready signals are received from all the wireless detonators 10 wait. If preparation completion signals cannot be received from all the wireless detonators even after a predetermined time has elapsed, measures such as interruption (not shown) are performed by the operator's operation.
When the process proceeds to step S140, the detonation operating device 50 determines whether or not an instruction to perform detonation is input from the worker. If there is an instruction input from the operator for performing detonation (Yes), the process proceeds to step S150. If no instruction is input (No), the process returns to step S140 and waits for input.
When proceeding to step S150, the detonator 50 transmits a detonation execution signal, which is a transmission signal instructing detonation, at the operation frequency via the detonation bus 62, the auxiliary bus 61, and the operation side antenna 60. .
The above steps S130 to S150 correspond to the initiation execution transmission step.

In step S250, the CPU 12A of each wireless detonator 10 determines whether or not a detonation execution signal has been received. In this case, the transmission / reception means 12B detects a transmission signal (in this case, an initiation execution signal) from the initiation operating device 50 input via the initiation side antenna 30 and the conductive wire 31, and outputs it to the CPU 12A. It is determined whether or not the signal received from is a detonation execution signal. If a detonation execution signal is received (Yes), the process proceeds to step S260. If not received (No), the process returns to step S250 and waits for a detonation execution signal to be transmitted. If the initiation execution signal is not transmitted even after a predetermined time has elapsed, it is determined that a timeout has occurred, and the energy stored in the power storage means 12C is discarded and the process ends.
When the process proceeds to step S260, the CPU 12A ignites the detonator 10A to detonate the wireless detonator 10. In this case, the CPU 12A operates the switch unit 12E to supply the energy stored in the power storage unit 12C to the ignition unit 12F to detonate the initiation unit 10A, and detonate the parent die 13A and the additional die 13B.

As described above, in the wireless detonator 10, the master die 13 </ b> A, and the wireless detonation system 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the present embodiment, the frequency of the signal transmitted from the detonation operation unit 50 is set to 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less. The structure of the initiation-side antenna 30 can be a simple loop antenna, and a loop antenna with a loop diameter of 30 cm or less hung outside the charging hole can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to use the loop antenna for both transmission signal reception and response signal transmission, and there is no need for a transmission signal reception dedicated antenna and a response signal transmission dedicated antenna as in the prior art. Thereby, the working time for loading the parent die 13A provided with the radio detonator 10 into the charge hole 40 can be further shortened.
In addition, the frequency of the response signal from the radio detonator 10 is set to 1 MHz or more and 10 MHz or less, and the length of the operation side antenna 60 is also long enough to be wound once or several times along the cave floor, cave side, cave ceiling. Alright. Further, the operation side antenna 60 can be used for both transmission of the transmission signal and reception of the response signal, and does not require a dedicated antenna for transmission of the transmission signal and a dipole antenna dedicated for reception of the response signal as in the prior art. .
Thereby, the work time for extending the operation-side antenna can also be shortened.
Note that the operation-side antenna 60 is re-stretched every time it is blasted for safety because invisible damage may occur inside due to blasting. Therefore, the simple operation side antenna 60 of one to several turns as in the present application makes the working time for extending the antenna much shorter than the conventional antenna of 40 to 500 turns + dipole antenna. It is possible to improve the safety of blasting work.
Further, by using the wireless detonation method described in FIG. 3 of the present embodiment, the working time in the vicinity of the face can be shortened, and the face can be blasted more safely.

The radio detonator 10, the parent die 13A, the radio detonation system 1, and the radio detonation method of the present invention are not limited to the appearance, structure, configuration, processing, etc. described in the present embodiment, and the gist of the present invention is changed. Various changes, additions and deletions can be made without departing from the scope.
The wireless detonator 10, the parent die 13A, the wireless detonation system 1, and the wireless detonation method described in the present embodiment are not limited to tunnel excavation sites, and can be applied to blasts at various sites. is there.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wireless detonation system 10 Wireless detonator 10A Detonation part 10B Control part 10C Antenna part 12A CPU
12B Transmission / reception means 12C Power storage means 12D Power storage state detection means 12F Ignition means 12G ID storage means 13 Explosive 13A Parent die 13B Additional die 20 Explosive unit 21 Protective cap 22 Filling material 30 Explosion side antenna 31 Conductive wire 40 Charging hole 41 Face face 42 Cave floor 43 Cave side wall 44 Cave ceiling 50 Explosive operation machine 60 Operation side antenna 61 Auxiliary bus 62 Blasting bus

Claims (5)

The detonation department,
A control unit that is connected to the initiation unit and ignites the initiation unit;
An antenna unit having an initiation side antenna that is an antenna used by the control unit for wireless communication, and a conductive wire having one end connected to the control unit and the other end connected to the initiation side antenna;
A wireless detonator equipped with
The control unit receives a transmission signal of an operation frequency which is a frequency of 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less via the initiation side antenna and the conductive wire,
The initiation side antenna has a loop shape, and the loop diameter is 30 cm or less.
Wireless detonator. A parent die composed of the wireless detonator and explosive according to claim 1,
The wireless detonator is attached to the explosive;
The length of the conductive wire is such that the initiation side antenna connected to the other end of the conductive wire is connected to the charge hole when the parent die is loaded in the charge hole cut in the bombed location. Set to a length that can reach out of the
Parent die. A parent die according to claim 2;
A detonator operating device that is disposed at a remote location away from the charging hole, wirelessly transmits the transmission signal to the wireless detonator, and wirelessly receives a response signal from the wireless detonator;
A wireless detonation system configured with an operation side antenna that is an antenna used by the detonation operation device in wireless communication,
The operation side antenna has a loop shape,
The control unit, upon receiving the transmission signal from the detonator, creates a response signal corresponding to the received transmission signal, and sets the created response signal to a response frequency that is higher than the operation frequency. And transmit through the conductive wire and the initiation side antenna,
The response frequency is set to a frequency that is longer than the loop length of the operating antenna.
Wireless detonation system. A wireless detonation system according to claim 3,
The response frequency is 1 MHz or more and 10 MHz or less,
Wireless detonation system. The detonation department,
A control unit that is connected to the initiation unit and ignites the initiation unit;
An initiation side antenna having a loop shape with a diameter of 30 cm or less, which is an antenna used by the control unit for wireless communication, and a conductive element having one end connected to the control unit and the other end connected to the initiation side antenna. An antenna unit having a line;
A wireless detonator equipped with a parent die attached to the explosive,
In the wireless detonation method of blasting the bombed portion using a detonator operating device that wirelessly transmits a transmission signal to the wireless detonator and wirelessly receives a response signal from the wireless detonator,
A charge hole drilling step for drilling a charge hole at the bombed location;
A loading step of loading the parent die into the charging hole so that the initiation side antenna reaches the outside of the charging hole;
The operation side antenna set to a length shorter than the wavelength corresponding to the response frequency which is the frequency of the response signal, which is an antenna used by the detonator for wireless communication, is separated from the bombed location by a predetermined distance. Operation side antenna tensioning step that stretches in a substantially loop shape at the position,
A preparation start transmission step of transmitting a preparation start signal, which is a transmission signal for starting preparation for detonation to the wireless detonator at an operation frequency that is a frequency of 100 KHz or more and 500 KHz or less from the detonation operation device via the operation-side antenna;
The controller that has received the preparation start signal via the initiation side antenna starts initiation preparation, and when the preparation is completed, a preparation completion signal that is a response signal indicating the completion of preparation is obtained from the length of the operation side antenna. A ready response step of transmitting from the control unit to the detonation operating device via the detonation-side antenna at the response frequency with a long wavelength;
An initiation execution transmitting step of transmitting an initiation execution signal which is a transmission signal instructing execution of initiation from the initiation operating device that has received the preparation completion signal via the operation side antenna;
An initiation step of igniting the initiation unit by the control unit that has received the initiation execution signal via the initiation side antenna and initiating the initiation unit and the explosive,
Wireless detonation method.

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