JP2013011751A - Cutter for observation and method for manufacturing cutter for observation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce damage to a biological specimen while arranging an objective lens at a desired depth position under a surface.SOLUTION: A cutter for observation 1 comprises: a cutter body 10 in which an objective lens 52 can be inserted; a cutting blade 11 which is arranged to be laid over the tip of the cutter body 10 in the radial direction and of which tip is directed in the center axial direction of the cutter body 10; and a body small inclined plane 15A and a body large inclined plane 15B which are mutually inclined outward in the radial direction toward the base end side of the cutter body 10 on both sides of the cutting blade 11 regarded as a border line. A large opening including a central axis line is provided in the body large inclined plane 15B.

Description

  The present invention relates to an observation cutter and a method for manufacturing the same.

  Conventionally, as a device for observing the surface of a biological sample as it is, a microscope objective lens unit that is detachably provided on the microscope body and that allows the inside of the sample to be observed by incising the surface of the biological sample is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). The microscope objective lens unit described in Patent Literature 1 has a needle-like insertion member having a transmission surface perpendicular to the optical axis at the tip in a protruding state, and the insertion member is inserted under the surface of a biological sample. The observation part can be irradiated with illumination light from the microscope body through the transmission surface, and the return light returning from the observation part can be detected.

JP 2006-267433 A

  However, in the microscope objective lens unit described in Patent Document 1, since the distal end of the insertion member has a planar shape, the distal end portion is inserted into the sample while crushing a wide range of the biological tissue. There is a problem of deforming and causing great damage. In particular, when a part of the biological sample has a hard layer, a pressing force is applied to a wide range of the biological tissue, and the deformation of the biological sample increases and the damage becomes remarkable. When the deformation of the biological sample is large, there is a disadvantage that the depth of the incision of the biological sample and the amount of movement of the objective lens when the objective lens is inserted into the biological sample are greatly different.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and provides an observation cutter capable of reducing damage to a biological sample and arranging an objective lens at a desired depth position below the surface. With the goal.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The present invention provides a cylindrical body into which an objective lens can be inserted, a blade portion that is arranged so as to be spanned in a radial direction around the tip of the cylindrical body, and has a pointed end directed in the central axis direction of the cylindrical body, and the blade portion. An observation surface provided with inclined surfaces that incline radially outward toward the base end side of the cylindrical body on both sides as boundary lines, and an opening including the central axis is provided on one of the inclined surfaces Provide cutters.

  According to the present invention, the blade portion is disposed in front of the objective lens by inserting the objective lens into the cylindrical body. Moreover, the blade part which becomes a boundary line of each inclined surface of the cylindrical body is disposed at a position shifted from the central axis of the cylindrical body. Therefore, by cutting the surface of the biological sample with the blade and inserting the tip of the cylindrical body into the sample, the objective lens inserted into the cylindrical body can be disposed below the surface of the biological sample. In addition, by aligning the central axis of the cylindrical body with the optical axis of the objective lens, it is possible to observe the living tissue through the opening without obstructing the observation range of the objective lens by the blade.

  In this case, the blade part is inserted into the biological sample, and at the same time, the cut biological tissue can escape to the proximal end side of the cylindrical body along the inclined surface continuous from the blade part. Can be prevented from being crushed by the tip. Thereby, the deformation | transformation of a biological sample can be suppressed and the damage given to a biological sample can be reduced.

  In addition, by suppressing the deformation of the biological sample, the depth of cutting the biological sample by the blade portion and the amount of movement of the objective lens when the objective lens is inserted into the biological sample can be substantially matched. Therefore, the objective lens can be accurately arranged at a desired depth position below the surface of the biological sample while inserting the objective lens into the sample together with the cylindrical body.

In the said invention, the said blade part is good also as having a pair of inclined side surface which inclines in the radial direction outward toward the base end side of the said cylindrical body from the said pointed end.
By comprising in this way, the cut | disconnected biological tissue can be escaped in two directions along the inclination side surface of a blade part. Thereby, the cylindrical body can be easily inserted into the sample, damage to the biological sample can be reduced, and the positioning accuracy of the objective lens can be improved.

Moreover, in the said invention, the said blade part has an inclined side surface which inclines radially outward toward the base end side of the said cylindrical body from the said point, and a non-inclined side surface extended along the said center axis. It is good.
By configuring in this way, the tip of the blade portion formed by the inclined side surface and the non-inclined side surface is made more acute, and the force applied when cutting the biological sample, that is, the limit value for cutting the biological sample is reduced. be able to.

Moreover, in the said invention, the said blade part is good also as having the convex shape which protrudes toward one point of the said central axis direction from the outer periphery of the said cylindrical body.
With this configuration, when the tip of the cylindrical body is inserted into the sample, the force concentrates at one point of the tip of the blade, and the force applied when cutting the biological sample can be further reduced.

Moreover, in the said invention, it is good also as having a syringe which can supply or suck | inhale a fluid, and a drain which one end is connected to this syringe and the other end has been arrange | positioned at the said front-end | tip.
By comprising in this way, when bleeding when inserting a blade part inside a biological sample, blood can be sucked through a drain with a syringe. Further, physiological saline can be supplied from the syringe to the cut end through the drain, and blood can be washed away or a reagent such as a fluorescent dye can be injected.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the first tilted radially outward from the straight line arranged at a position shifted from the center position on the bottom surface of the bottomed cylindrical member into which the objective lens can be inserted toward the central axis direction of the bottomed cylindrical member. And a second cross section inclined radially outwardly opposite to the first cross section from the straight line in the direction of the central axis, and cutting the straight line in the radial direction of the bottom surface Provided is a method for manufacturing an observation cutter that forms an overhanging blade portion and an opening including the central axis on one cut surface.

  According to the present invention, the blade having the tip end pointed in the direction of the central axis of the bottomed cylindrical member in the radial direction and the opening including the central axis is provided from one side of the blade. An observation cutter including an inclined surface that is inclined radially outward toward the end side can be easily manufactured.

  According to the observation cutter according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the damage given to the biological sample and to arrange the objective lens at a desired depth position below the surface. Further, according to the method for manufacturing an observation cutter according to the present invention, there is an effect that such an observation cutter can be easily manufactured.

It is a schematic block diagram of the observation cutter which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is the schematic block diagram which looked at the cutter main body of FIG. 1 from the cutting-blade side in the center axis direction, (b) is the schematic block diagram which looked at the cutter main body of FIG. 1 in the direction orthogonal to a center axis line. . It is the schematic which shows a mode that the cutter main body and objective lens of FIG. 1 are stabbed in a biological sample. (A) is the schematic which looked at the cutter for observation which concerns on the 1st modification of one Embodiment of this invention from the cutting-blade side in the center axis direction, (b) is centering on the cutter for observation of (a). It is the schematic seen in the direction orthogonal to an axis. (A) is the schematic which looked at the cutter for observation which concerns on the 2nd modification of one Embodiment of this invention from the cutting-blade side in the center axis line direction, (b) is centering on the cutter for observation of (a). It is the schematic seen from the direction orthogonal to an axis, (c) is the schematic which looked at the large opening part side of the cutter for observation of (a) in the direction orthogonal to a central axis. It is the schematic which looked at the cutter for observation which concerns on the 3rd modification of one Embodiment of this invention in the direction orthogonal to a center axis line. It is a schematic block diagram of the cutter for observation which concerns on the 4th modification of one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is the schematic which looked at the observation cutter of FIG. 7 from the cutting edge side to the central axis direction, (b) is the schematic view which looked at the observation cutter of FIG. 7 in the direction orthogonal to the central axis line. .

Hereinafter, an observation cutter and a manufacturing method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the observation cutter 1 according to the present embodiment includes a substantially cylindrical cutter body (cylindrical body) 10 having a cutting edge (blade part) 11 at the tip, a cutter body 10, and a microscope body 50. And a substantially cylindrical mounting adapter 30 that is detachably mounted.

  The attachment adapter 30 is attached to the objective lens 52 of the microscope main body 50 at the base end portion, and the cutter main body 10 can be attached to the distal end portion. Further, the mounting adapter 30 is fixed to the objective lens 52 by the objective fixing screw 31, and the cutter main body 10 can be fixed by the cutter fixing screw 33.

  A buffer member (for example, a spring) 35 is provided at the tip of the mounting adapter 30 for buffering the cutter body 10 from contacting the objective lens 52 and applying an impact when the cutter body 10 is mounted. . By making the mounting adapter 30 and the cutter body 10 detachable, when the cutting blade 11 deteriorates due to repeated use, it can be easily replaced with a new cutting blade 11.

  The cutter body 10 has an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the outer dimension of the objective lens 52, and the tip of the objective lens 52 can be inserted therein. Further, the cutter body 10 has a stepped shape in which the diameter dimension gradually decreases toward the tip. The cutter body 10 is made of, for example, a metal material, and a cutting edge 11 at the tip is integrally formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the cutting blade 11 is provided at the tip of the cutter body 10 at a position shifted in the radial direction from the central axis, and is arranged so as to be bridged in the radial direction. . Further, the cutting edge 11 is pointed in the central axis direction of the cutter body 10.

  Further, the cutting edge 11 is constituted by a pair of cutting edge inclined surfaces (inclined side surfaces) 13A and 13B that are inclined radially outward from the tip toward the base end side of the cutter body 10, and the cutting edge inclined surfaces 13A and 13B. Are formed by intersecting at an angle of approximately 36 °. The back surface of the cutting edge 11 has a substantially flat shape, and the objective lens 52 can be positioned in the central axis direction by closely contacting the tip of the objective lens 52 inserted into the cutter body 10.

  The cutter body 10 is formed with two main body inclined surfaces (inclined surfaces) 15A and 15B which are inclined radially outward from each other in the direction of the central axis on both sides thereof with the cutting edge 11 as a boundary line. One main body inclined surface (hereinafter referred to as “main body small inclined surface”) 15 </ b> A is continuously formed from the cutting blade inclined surface 13 </ b> A on the eccentric direction side of the cutting blade 11. The other main body inclined surface (hereinafter referred to as “main body large inclined surface”) 15 </ b> B is continuously formed from the cutting blade inclined surface 13 </ b> B opposite to the eccentric side of the cutting blade 11.

  The main body small inclined surface 15A and the main body large inclined surface 15B are provided with openings 17A and 17B penetrating through the hollow portion inside the cutter main body 10, respectively. Since the cutting edge 11 is formed at a position shifted in the radial direction from the central axis, the opening (hereinafter referred to as “large opening”) 17B of the main body large inclined surface 15B includes the central axis of the cutter main body 10. So that it is open. The large opening 17B is greatly opened toward the base end side of the cutter main body 10 from the opening 17A (hereinafter referred to as “small opening”) of the main body small inclined surface 15A.

  As for the objective lens 52, it is desirable that the front-end | tip is thin in order to make invasion low. The objective lens 52 has a tip window 54 at the tip in the optical axis direction. The objective lens 52 has an observation range V that is slightly smaller in diameter than the distal end window 54.

The observation cutter 1 configured as described above can be easily manufactured by the following manufacturing method.
First, a bottomed cylindrical member made of a metal material that is slightly larger than the objective lens 52 is prepared. Next, a first cross section that is inclined radially outward from the straight line arranged at a position shifted from the center position on the bottom surface of the bottomed cylindrical member toward the central axis direction of the bottomed cylindrical member is cut. Subsequently, a second cross section that is inclined outward in the radial direction opposite to the first cross section from the same straight line on the bottom surface in the direction of the central axis is cut.

  The first cross section and the second cross section intersect each other at an angle of about 36 ° on the bottom surface of the bottomed cylindrical member, and each cross section obliquely crosses the cavity of the bottomed cylindrical member. The main body small inclined surface 15A and the main body large inclined surface 15B are formed in the bottomed cylindrical member along the first cross section and the second cross section by cutting the first cross section and the second cross section, and the bottom surface A cutting blade 11 extending in the radial direction is formed at a position deviated from the central axis in FIG. Thereby, the observation cutter 1 is completed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the observation cutter 1 configured as described above will be described.
For example, in order to observe the brain tissue T of the biological sample S using the observation cutter 1 according to this embodiment, first, the cutter body 10 is attached to the objective lens 52 of the microscope body 50 via the attachment adapter 30. The tip of the objective lens 52 is partially exposed from the large opening 17B of the main body large inclined surface 15B.

  In this case, when the optical axis of the objective lens 52 and the center axis of the cutter body 10 are matched, the cutting edge 11 is disposed at a position shifted from the optical axis of the objective lens 52. Therefore, the observation range V of the objective lens 52 is not hindered by the blade 11. Further, the large opening 17B of the main body large inclined surface 15B is disposed at a position including the optical axis. Therefore, the observation range V of the objective lens 52 can be ensured through the large opening 17B.

  When the observation cutter 1 is attached to the objective lens 52, the objective lens 52 is moved toward the brain tissue T of the biological sample S and the tip of the observation cutter 1 is pressed against the surface of the biological sample S as shown in FIG. And press in the direction of the central axis. As a result, it is possible to cut the surface of the biological sample S with the sharp cutting edge 11 and insert the observation cutter 1 under the surface of the biological sample S, that is, inside the skull C. Further, the brain tissue T can be observed through the large opening 17B by the objective lens 52 while the tip of the cutter body 10 is inserted into the brain tissue T.

  In this case, when the cutting blade 11 is inserted into the biological sample S, the cut edge of the brain tissue T by the cutting blade 11 is released in two directions along the cutting blade inclined surfaces 13A and 13B, and the cut brain tissue is cut off. T can be released to the base end side of the cutter body 10 along the main body small inclined surface 15A and the main body large inclined surface 15B continuous from the cutting edge 11.

  Therefore, the cutter body 10 can be easily inserted into the brain tissue T, and the brain tissue T can be prevented from being crushed by the tip of the cutter body 10 or the tip of the objective lens 52. Thereby, the deformation | transformation of the brain tissue T can be suppressed and the damage given to the biological sample S can be reduced.

  In addition, by suppressing the deformation of the brain tissue T, the depth of the cut surface obtained by cutting the brain tissue T with the cutting blade 11 and the amount of movement of the objective lens 52 when the objective lens 52 is inserted into the brain tissue T are substantially matched. be able to. Therefore, the brain tissue T can be observed by arranging the objective lens 52 at a desired depth position of the biological sample S.

  As described above, according to the observation cutter 1 according to this embodiment, the objective lens together with the cutter body 10 while suppressing the deformation of the biological sample S by the body inclined surfaces 15A and 15B of the cutter body 10 and reducing the damage. 52 can be inserted into the biological sample S, and the objective lens 52 can be accurately placed at a desired depth position below the surface of the biological sample S. Moreover, according to the manufacturing method which concerns on this embodiment, such an observation cutter 1 can be manufactured simply.

In addition, in this modification, it can deform | transform as follows.
For example, in the present embodiment, the cutting blade 11 has a pair of cutting blade inclined surfaces 13A and 13B. As a first modification, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), The side surface opposite to the cutting blade inclined surface 13A is composed of a cutting blade inclined surface 13B continuous with the main body large inclined surface 15B and a cutting blade non-inclined surface 13C extending along the central axis from the cutting blade inclined surface 13B to the tip. It is good to do.

  By doing in this way, the force applied when cutting the biological sample S by making the tip of the cutting blade 11 formed by the cutting blade inclined surface 13A and the cutting blade non-inclined surface 13C more acute (for example, 18 °), That is, the limit value at which the biological sample S is cut can be reduced. In this modified example, for example, the entire one side surface of the cutting blade 11 is replaced with the cutting blade inclined surface 13B to be a cutting blade non-inclined surface 13C, and the cutting blade 11 is formed by the cutting blade inclined surface 13A and the cutting blade non-inclined surface 13C. It may be configured.

  As a second modification, for example, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the cutting edge 11 protrudes from the outer periphery of the tip of the cutter body 10 toward one point in the central axis direction. It is good also as having a shape. In this case, for example, by processing the bottom side of the bottomed cylindrical member into a conical shape in which the diameter is tapered toward one point of the bottom, and then cutting the first cross section and the second cross section, The cutting edge 11 and the main body inclined surfaces 15A and 15B may be formed. Thus, when the tip of the observation cutter 1 is inserted into the living body S, the force concentrates on one point of the tip of the cutting blade 11 and the force applied when cutting the biological sample S. Can be further reduced.

  As a third modification, a cover glass 19 that closes the large opening 17B may be provided in the cutter body 10 as shown in FIG. In this case, the objective lens 52 may be disposed on the back surface of the cover glass 19. By doing in this way, the large opening 17B can be sealed with the cover glass 19, and blood or the like can be prevented from accumulating inside the cutter body 10.

  Further, as a fourth modification, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the observation cutter 1 includes a supply syringe 41 for supplying fluid, a suction syringe 43 for sucking fluid, and a supply One end may be connected to the syringe 41 or the suction syringe 43, and the other end may be provided with a supply drain 45 and a suction drain 47 arranged at the tip of the cutter body 10.

  In this case, it is desirable to arrange the other ends of the supply drain 45 and the suction drain 47 at a position slightly shifted from the tip of the cutting edge 11 to the proximal end side. For example, when one side surface of the cutting blade 11 is constituted by the cutting blade non-inclined surface 13C and the cutting blade inclined surface 13B, each drain 45 is located near the boundary between the cutting blade non-inclined surface 13C and the cutting blade inclined surface 13B. 47 may be arranged at the other end.

  According to this modification, when bleeding occurs when the cutting blade 11 is inserted into the biological sample S, blood can be sucked through the suction drain 47 by the suction syringe 43. In addition, physiological saline can be supplied from the supply syringe 41 to the cut end via the supply drain 45 to wash away blood or inject a reagent such as a fluorescent dye.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the specific structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The design change etc. of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention are included. For example, the present invention is not limited to the one applied to the above-described embodiment and each modification, but may be applied to an embodiment that appropriately combines these embodiments and each modification, and is particularly limited. It is not a thing.
In the present embodiment, the cutter body 10 and the objective lens 52 are separated from each other. However, for example, the cutter body 10 and the objective lens 52 may be integrated.

1 Cutter for observation 10 Cutter body (cylindrical body)
11 Cutting blade (blade)
13A, 13B Cutting edge inclined surface (inclined side surface)
13C Cutting edge non-inclined surface (non-inclined side surface)
15A body small inclined surface (inclined surface)
15B Large inclined surface (inclined surface)
41 Syringe for supply (syringe)
43 Syringe for suction (syringe)
45 Drain for supply (drain)
47 Drain for suction (drain)
52 Objective lens

Claims (6)

A cylindrical body into which an objective lens can be inserted;
A blade portion disposed so as to be spanned in the radial direction at the tip of the cylindrical body, and having a pointed end directed in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical body;
Inclining surfaces that incline radially outward from each other toward the base end side of the cylindrical body on both sides of the blade portion as a boundary line,
An observation cutter in which an opening including the central axis is provided on one of the inclined surfaces.   The observation cutter according to claim 1, wherein the blade portion has a pair of inclined side surfaces that are inclined radially outward from the pointed end toward the base end side of the cylindrical body.   The observation blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade portion has an inclined side surface that inclines radially outward from the tip toward the proximal end side of the cylindrical body, and a non-inclined side surface that extends along the central axis. Cutter.   The observation cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blade portion has a convex shape protruding from an outer periphery of the cylindrical body toward one point in the central axis direction.   The observation cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a syringe capable of supplying or sucking fluid; and a drain having one end connected to the syringe and the other end disposed at the tip.   A first cross section inclined radially outward from a straight line arranged at a position shifted from the center position on the bottom surface of the bottomed cylindrical member into which the objective lens can be inserted, toward the central axis direction of the bottomed cylindrical member; A blade that cuts a second cross section that is inclined radially outward from the straight line in the direction of the central axis and that is opposite to the first cross section, and spans in the radial direction of the bottom surface with the straight line as a point. And an opening cutter including the central axis on one cut surface.

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