JP2013008623A - Contactor and electromagnetic switch - Google Patents

Contactor and electromagnetic switch Download PDF

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JP2013008623A
JP2013008623A JP2011141710A JP2011141710A JP2013008623A JP 2013008623 A JP2013008623 A JP 2013008623A JP 2011141710 A JP2011141710 A JP 2011141710A JP 2011141710 A JP2011141710 A JP 2011141710A JP 2013008623 A JP2013008623 A JP 2013008623A
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contact
detection coil
contact portion
detection
displacement body
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JP5810310B2 (en
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Masafumi Okada
全史 岡田
Riichi Uotome
利一 魚留
Masahisa Niwa
正久 丹羽
Hideki Enomoto
英樹 榎本
Kunitaka Okada
邦孝 岡田
Ryosuke Ozaki
良介 尾崎
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Panasonic Corp
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Panasonic Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect open/close of a contact part in a non-contact manner.SOLUTION: A detection part 3 has a detection coil 30 disposed at a position facing to the bottom of a cap 24, the open/close of the contact part 1 is detected by utilizing the fact that the electric characteristics of the detection coil 30 changes according to the distance from a movable iron core 23. That is, the detection part 3 having the detection coil 30 detects the open/close of the contact part 1 in a non-contact manner.

Description

本発明は、接点装置、及び当該接点装置を用いた電磁開閉器に関する。   The present invention relates to a contact device and an electromagnetic switch using the contact device.

従来の接点装置及び電磁開閉器として、特許文献１に記載されているものがある。この従来例は、封止容器の内部に封止された接点部(接点装置)と、コイルへの通電に応じて接点部を開閉する電磁石装置と、電磁石装置の駆動力を接点部に伝達する伝達部材とがハウジング内に収納されて構成される。伝達部材は、電磁石装置の可動鉄心に固定された可動軸と結合され、可動鉄心に作用する磁力を可動軸に伝達して接点部を開閉するものである。   There exist some which are described in patent document 1 as a conventional contact device and an electromagnetic switch. In this conventional example, a contact portion (contact device) sealed inside a sealed container, an electromagnet device that opens and closes the contact portion in response to energization of the coil, and a driving force of the electromagnet device is transmitted to the contact portion. The transmission member is housed in the housing. The transmission member is coupled to a movable shaft fixed to the movable iron core of the electromagnet device, and transmits a magnetic force acting on the movable iron core to the movable shaft to open and close the contact portion.

また、この従来例は補助接点(マイクロスイッチ)を備えており、伝達部材に設けられている押圧部が駆動レバーを押圧することで接点部と連動して補助接点が開閉(マイクロスイッチがオン・オフ)することで接点部の開閉状態が判別可能となっている。   In addition, this conventional example includes an auxiliary contact (microswitch), and when the pressing portion provided on the transmission member presses the drive lever, the auxiliary contact opens and closes in conjunction with the contact portion (the microswitch is turned on / off). By turning it off, it is possible to determine the open / closed state of the contact portion.

特開２０００−２７６９６１号公報(段落０００２〜０００９及び図10，図11参照)JP 2000-276961 A (see paragraphs 0002 to 0009 and FIGS. 10 and 11)

しかしながら、上記従来例では接点部の開閉状態を検出する方式として接触式が採用されているので、補助接点の劣化や故障などの影響により、接点装置や電磁開閉器が耐用寿命に達する前に接点部の開閉状態が検出不能になってしまう可能性が高い。   However, in the above conventional example, the contact type is adopted as a method for detecting the switching state of the contact portion, so that the contact device or the electromagnetic switch reaches the end of its useful life due to the influence or deterioration of the auxiliary contact. There is a high possibility that the open / closed state of the part becomes undetectable.

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みて為されたものであり、接点部の開閉状態を非接触で検出可能とすることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to detect the open / closed state of a contact portion in a non-contact manner.

本発明の接点装置は、固定接点と可動接点を有する接点部と、前記可動接点を変位させることで前記接点部を開閉する開閉手段と、少なくとも前記接点部を内部に収納する容器と、前記接点部の開閉状態を検出する検出手段とを備え、前記開閉手段は、導電材料又は磁性材料からなり前記可動接点を変位させる変位体を有し、前記検出手段は、前記変位体の近傍に配置される検出コイルを有し、前記変位体の変位に伴う前記検出コイルの電気特性の変化に基づいて前記接点部の開閉状態を検出することを特徴とする。   The contact device of the present invention includes a contact portion having a fixed contact and a movable contact, opening / closing means for opening / closing the contact portion by displacing the movable contact, a container for accommodating at least the contact portion therein, and the contact Detecting means for detecting the open / closed state of the part, the open / close means comprising a displacement body made of a conductive material or a magnetic material for displacing the movable contact, and the detection means is disposed in the vicinity of the displacement body. And detecting the open / closed state of the contact portion based on a change in electrical characteristics of the detection coil accompanying the displacement of the displacement body.

この接点装置において、前記検出コイルは、前記変位体が収納される収納容器の外に配置されることが好ましい。   In this contact device, it is preferable that the detection coil is disposed outside a storage container in which the displacement body is stored.

この接点装置において、前記検出コイルは、前記変位体が収納される収納容器の内部に配置されることが好ましい。   In this contact device, it is preferable that the detection coil is disposed inside a storage container in which the displacement body is stored.

この接点装置おいて、前記検出コイルは、前記変位体を挟んで前記接点部と対向する位置に配置されることが好ましい。   In this contact device, it is preferable that the detection coil is disposed at a position facing the contact portion with the displacement body interposed therebetween.

この接点装置において、前記検出コイルは、前記変位体の周囲を周回するように配置されることが好ましい。   In this contact device, it is preferable that the detection coil is arranged so as to go around the displacement body.

この接点装置において、前記検出手段は、前記検出コイルに流れる電流の立ち上がり時間の変化に基づいて前記接点部の開閉状態を検出することが好ましい。   In this contact device, it is preferable that the detection means detects an open / close state of the contact portion based on a change in a rise time of a current flowing through the detection coil.

この接点装置において、前記検出手段は、前記検出コイルに流れる電流の位相の変化に基づいて前記接点部の開閉状態を検出することが好ましい。   In this contact device, it is preferable that the detection means detects an open / closed state of the contact portion based on a change in phase of a current flowing through the detection coil.

本発明の電磁開閉器は、前記何れかの接点装置と、前記変位体を電磁力によって変位させる電磁石とを備えることを特徴とする。   The electromagnetic switch according to the present invention includes any one of the contact devices and an electromagnet that displaces the displacement body by electromagnetic force.

この電磁開閉器において、前記検出コイルは、前記電磁石を構成する励磁コイルからなることが好ましい。   In this electromagnetic switch, it is preferable that the detection coil is an excitation coil that constitutes the electromagnet.

本発明の接点装置及び電磁開閉器は、接点部の開閉状態が非接触で検出可能になるという効果がある。   The contact device and the electromagnetic switch of the present invention have an effect that the open / close state of the contact portion can be detected without contact.

本発明に係る接点装置及び電磁開閉器の実施形態を示し、(ａ)は接点部が閉極した状態の一部省略した断面図、(ｂ)は接点部が開極した状態の一部省略した断面図である。1 shows an embodiment of a contact device and an electromagnetic switch according to the present invention, in which (a) is a partially omitted cross-sectional view of a contact portion in a closed state, and (b) is a partially omitted view of a contact portion in an open state. FIG. 同上の別の構成を示す一部省略した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which abbreviate | omitted partially showing another structure same as the above. 同上における検出部の動作説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the detection part in the same as the above.

本実施形態の電磁開閉器Ａは、図１に示すように接点部１、駆動部２、検出部３などを備える。接点部１は、２つの固定接点10と、固定接点10に接離する可動接点(可動子)11とを有する。すなわち、図１(ａ)に示すように２つの固定接点10と可動接点11が接触しているときに接点部１が閉極して固定接点10間が導通し、図１(ｂ)に示すように２つの固定接点10と可動接点11が接触していないときに接点部１が開極して固定接点10間が非導通となる。なお、以下の説明では、図１において上下左右の各方向を定める。   As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic switch A of this embodiment includes a contact portion 1, a drive portion 2, a detection portion 3, and the like. The contact portion 1 includes two fixed contacts 10 and a movable contact (movable element) 11 that contacts and separates from the fixed contact 10. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), when the two fixed contacts 10 and the movable contact 11 are in contact with each other, the contact portion 1 is closed and the fixed contact 10 is brought into conduction, as shown in FIG. 1 (b). As described above, when the two fixed contacts 10 and the movable contact 11 are not in contact with each other, the contact portion 1 is opened and the fixed contact 10 is not electrically connected. In the following description, the vertical and horizontal directions are defined in FIG.

固定接点10は円柱形状の固定端子10Aの先端(下端)に設けられている。可動接点11は銅又は銅合金からなる矩形平板状に形成され、長手方向(左右方向)の中央部で可動軸21に支持されている。また、固定接点10並びに可動接点11は、下面が開口する箱形に形成されたセラミックス製の封止容器12内に収納されており、封止容器12の底壁を一対の固定端子10Aが貫通している。   The fixed contact 10 is provided at the tip (lower end) of a cylindrical fixed terminal 10A. The movable contact 11 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape made of copper or a copper alloy, and is supported on the movable shaft 21 at the center in the longitudinal direction (left-right direction). The fixed contact 10 and the movable contact 11 are housed in a ceramic sealing container 12 formed in a box shape with an open bottom surface, and a pair of fixed terminals 10A penetrates the bottom wall of the sealing container 12. is doing.

駆動部２は、励磁コイル20、可動軸21、固定鉄心22、可動鉄心23、キャップ24、継鉄25，26などで構成されている。キャップ24は、非磁性材料によって有底円筒形状に形成され、内部の底(下)側に可動鉄心23が収納され、開口(上)側に固定鉄心22が収納且つ固定されている。可動軸21は、固定鉄心22を移動自在に貫通するとともに下端部分に可動鉄心23が固定されている。なお、図示は省略しているが、固定鉄心22と可動鉄心23との間には、可動鉄心23を固定鉄心22から離す向き(下向き)に弾性付勢する復帰ばねが配設されている。また、固定鉄心22と可動接点11との間には、可動接点11を固定接点10に近付く向き(上向き)に弾性付勢する接圧ばね(図示せず)が配設されている。キャップ24の外側に絶縁材料製のコイルボビン(図示せず)が設けられ、当該コイルボビンに励磁コイル20が巻設されている。そして、励磁コイル20の外側に継鉄25，26が配設され、励磁コイル20と継鉄25，26とで磁気回路が形成されている。一方の継鉄26は平板状に形成され、励磁コイル20と封止容器12の間に配置されている。   The drive unit 2 includes an exciting coil 20, a movable shaft 21, a fixed iron core 22, a movable iron core 23, a cap 24, yokes 25 and 26, and the like. The cap 24 is formed of a nonmagnetic material in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the movable iron core 23 is accommodated on the bottom (lower) side of the cap 24, and the fixed iron core 22 is accommodated and fixed on the opening (upper) side. The movable shaft 21 movably passes through the fixed iron core 22, and a movable iron core 23 is fixed to the lower end portion. Although not shown, a return spring is provided between the fixed iron core 22 and the movable iron core 23 to elastically urge the movable iron core 23 in a direction away from the fixed iron core 22 (downward). A contact pressure spring (not shown) that elastically biases the movable contact 11 in a direction (upward) toward the fixed contact 10 is disposed between the fixed iron core 22 and the movable contact 11. A coil bobbin (not shown) made of an insulating material is provided outside the cap 24, and the exciting coil 20 is wound around the coil bobbin. The yokes 25 and 26 are disposed outside the exciting coil 20, and a magnetic circuit is formed by the exciting coil 20 and the yokes 25 and 26. One yoke 26 is formed in a flat plate shape and is disposed between the exciting coil 20 and the sealing container 12.

而して、励磁コイル20に励磁電流が流れていない状態では、復帰ばねに弾性付勢された可動鉄心23が下向きに変位(移動)することで可動軸21及び可動接点11も下向きに変位する。その結果、可動接点11が固定接点10から離れて接点部１が開極する。一方、励磁コイル20に励磁電流が流れると、固定鉄心22と可動鉄心23との間に作用する電磁力で可動鉄心23が固定鉄心22に近付く向き(上向き)に変位するので、可動軸21及び可動接点11も上向きに変位する。その結果、可動接点11が固定接点10に接触して接点部１が閉極する。すなわち、本実施形態では、接点部１、可動軸21、封止容器12、キャップ24等で接点装置が構成され、励磁コイル20と固定鉄心22で電磁石が構成されており、この電磁石の電磁力によって可動鉄心23及び可動軸21が上下方向に変位する。   Thus, in a state where no exciting current flows through the exciting coil 20, the movable shaft 21 and the movable contact 11 are also displaced downward when the movable core 23 elastically biased by the return spring is displaced (moved) downward. . As a result, the movable contact 11 is separated from the fixed contact 10 and the contact portion 1 is opened. On the other hand, when an exciting current flows through the exciting coil 20, the movable iron core 23 is displaced in the direction approaching the fixed iron core 22 (upward) by the electromagnetic force acting between the fixed iron core 22 and the movable iron core 23. The movable contact 11 is also displaced upward. As a result, the movable contact 11 contacts the fixed contact 10 and the contact portion 1 is closed. That is, in this embodiment, a contact device is constituted by the contact portion 1, the movable shaft 21, the sealing container 12, the cap 24, etc., and an electromagnet is constituted by the exciting coil 20 and the fixed iron core 22, and the electromagnetic force of this electromagnet. As a result, the movable iron core 23 and the movable shaft 21 are displaced in the vertical direction.

検出部３は、キャップ24の下端と対向する位置に配置される検出コイル30を有し、検出コイル30の電気特性が可動鉄心23との距離に応じて変化することを利用して接点部１の開閉状態を検出する。   The detection unit 3 includes a detection coil 30 disposed at a position facing the lower end of the cap 24, and the contact unit 1 utilizes the fact that the electrical characteristics of the detection coil 30 change according to the distance from the movable iron core 23. Detects the open / closed state of.

検出部３は、例えば、検出コイル30とコンデンサ(図示せず)との並列回路よりなるLC発振回路を有している。LC発振回路を構成する検出コイル30に導電材料製(例えば、金属製)の可動鉄心23が接近した際、電磁誘導作用による渦電流損が生じて検出コイル30の実効抵抗値(コンダクタンス)が変化する。そして、検出コイル30のコンダクタンスが変化するとLC発振回路の発振条件も変化するため、LC発振回路を発振させている状態から、LC発振回路の発振が停止または発振振幅が所定値以上減衰することになる。したがって、検出部３ではLC発振回路の発振が停止又は発振振幅が所定値以上減衰したことにより、可動鉄心23が接近している、つまり、接点部１が開極していることが検出できる。一方、LC発振回路の発振が開始又は発振振幅が所定値以上増大すれば、検出部３は、可動鉄心23が接近していない、つまり、接点部１が閉極していることが検出できる。すなわち、検出部３は検出コイル30の電気特性(実際はLC発振回路の特性＜発振の有無又は発振振幅の大きさ＞)に基づいて接点部１の開閉状態を検出することができる。   The detection unit 3 includes, for example, an LC oscillation circuit composed of a parallel circuit of a detection coil 30 and a capacitor (not shown). When the movable core 23 made of a conductive material (for example, metal) approaches the detection coil 30 constituting the LC oscillation circuit, eddy current loss due to electromagnetic induction occurs, and the effective resistance value (conductance) of the detection coil 30 changes. To do. When the conductance of the detection coil 30 changes, the oscillation condition of the LC oscillation circuit also changes, so that the oscillation of the LC oscillation circuit is stopped or the oscillation amplitude is attenuated by a predetermined value or more from the state in which the LC oscillation circuit is oscillated. Become. Therefore, the detection unit 3 can detect that the movable iron core 23 is approaching, that is, the contact unit 1 is open, when the oscillation of the LC oscillation circuit is stopped or the oscillation amplitude is attenuated by a predetermined value or more. On the other hand, if the oscillation of the LC oscillation circuit starts or the oscillation amplitude increases by a predetermined value or more, the detection unit 3 can detect that the movable iron core 23 is not approaching, that is, the contact unit 1 is closed. That is, the detection unit 3 can detect the open / close state of the contact unit 1 based on the electrical characteristics of the detection coil 30 (actually, the characteristics of the LC oscillation circuit <presence of oscillation or magnitude of oscillation amplitude>).

なお、図２に示すように検出コイル30が可動鉄心23の下方ではなく、可動鉄心23の周囲を周回するように配置されても構わない。あるいは、励磁コイル20に流れる励磁電流に高周波電流を重畳することで励磁コイル20を検出コイルに兼用しても構わない。   As shown in FIG. 2, the detection coil 30 may be arranged so as to circulate around the movable iron core 23 instead of below the movable iron core 23. Alternatively, the excitation coil 20 may be used as a detection coil by superimposing a high-frequency current on the excitation current flowing through the excitation coil 20.

また、検出コイル30に交流電圧を印加した場合、検出コイル30のコンダクタンスに応じて、検出コイル30に流れる電流と前記印加電圧との位相差が変化するので、この位相差に基づいて接点部１の開閉状態を検出することも可能である。   Further, when an AC voltage is applied to the detection coil 30, the phase difference between the current flowing through the detection coil 30 and the applied voltage changes according to the conductance of the detection coil 30, so that the contact portion 1 is based on this phase difference. It is also possible to detect the open / closed state.

ところで、上述した検出方法では、検出部３の検出コイル30に連続して高周波電流を流さなければならないので、検出部３の電力消費が増大してしまう。そこで、検出部３の電力消費の増大を抑えるためには、以下の検出方法を採用することが望ましい。   By the way, in the detection method mentioned above, since a high frequency current must be sent continuously through the detection coil 30 of the detection unit 3, the power consumption of the detection unit 3 increases. Therefore, in order to suppress an increase in power consumption of the detection unit 3, it is desirable to employ the following detection method.

この検出方法では、検出コイル30のコンダクタンスとLC発振回路の時定数が比例しており、コンダクタンスが増加するにつれて時定数が大きくなることを利用する。例えば、検出コイル30に定電圧が印加されたとき、検出コイル30の両端電圧Ｖの立ち上がり時間は、時定数が大きいほど遅くなる。   This detection method utilizes the fact that the conductance of the detection coil 30 is proportional to the time constant of the LC oscillation circuit, and the time constant increases as the conductance increases. For example, when a constant voltage is applied to the detection coil 30, the rise time of the voltage V across the detection coil 30 is delayed as the time constant increases.

そこで、検出部３では、パルス電圧を周期的に検出コイル30に印加するとともに、検出コイル30の両端電圧Ｖが所定の基準値Ｖthを超えるまでの立ち上がり時間Ton，Toffを検出することにより、接点部１の開極と閉極を判別して開閉状態を検出することができる(図３参照)。このような検出方法では、検出コイル30にパルス電圧(あるいはステップ電圧)を印加すればよいので、検出コイル30に連続して高周波電流を流す場合と比較して検出部３の電力消費の増大を抑えることができる。   Therefore, the detection unit 3 periodically applies a pulse voltage to the detection coil 30 and detects the rising times Ton and Toff until the voltage V across the detection coil 30 exceeds a predetermined reference value Vth, thereby obtaining a contact point. The open / close state can be detected by discriminating the opening and closing of the part 1 (see FIG. 3). In such a detection method, since a pulse voltage (or step voltage) may be applied to the detection coil 30, the power consumption of the detection unit 3 is increased compared to the case where a high-frequency current is continuously supplied to the detection coil 30. Can be suppressed.

上述のように本実施形態の接点装置及び電磁開閉器Ａでは、検出コイル30を有する検出部３により、接点部１の開閉状態を非接触で検出可能である。その結果、接点装置や電磁開閉器Ａが耐用寿命に達する前に検出部３が検出不能になる可能性の低下が図れる。   As described above, in the contact device and electromagnetic switch A of the present embodiment, the detection unit 3 having the detection coil 30 can detect the open / closed state of the contact unit 1 in a non-contact manner. As a result, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the detection unit 3 becomes undetectable before the contact device or the electromagnetic switch A reaches the service life.

Ａ 電磁開閉器
１ 接点部(接点装置)
２ 駆動部(開閉手段)
３ 検出部(検出手段)
10 固定接点
11 可動接点
12 封止容器(容器)
20 励磁コイル(電磁石)
21 可動軸(接点装置)
22 固定鉄心(電磁石)
23 可動鉄心(変位体)
30 検出コイル A Electromagnetic switch 1 Contact part (contact device)
2 Drive unit (opening / closing means)
3 Detection part (detection means)
10 Fixed contact
11 Moving contact
12 Sealed container (container)
20 Excitation coil (electromagnet)
21 Movable shaft (contact device)
22 Fixed iron core (electromagnet)
23 Movable iron core (displacement body)
30 detection coil

Claims (9)

固定接点と可動接点を有する接点部と、前記可動接点を変位させることで前記接点部を開閉する開閉手段と、少なくとも前記接点部を内部に収納する容器と、前記接点部の開閉状態を検出する検出手段とを備え、前記開閉手段は、導電材料又は磁性材料からなり前記可動接点を変位させる変位体を有し、前記検出手段は、前記変位体の近傍に配置される検出コイルを有し、前記変位体の変位に伴う前記検出コイルの電気特性の変化に基づいて前記接点部の開閉状態を検出することを特徴とする接点装置。   A contact portion having a fixed contact and a movable contact; an opening / closing means for opening and closing the contact portion by displacing the movable contact; a container for accommodating at least the contact portion; and an open / closed state of the contact portion. Detecting means, and the opening / closing means has a displacement body made of a conductive material or a magnetic material for displacing the movable contact, and the detection means has a detection coil arranged in the vicinity of the displacement body, A contact device that detects an open / closed state of the contact portion based on a change in electrical characteristics of the detection coil accompanying displacement of the displacement body. 前記検出コイルは、前記変位体が収納される収納容器の外に配置されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の接点装置。   The contact device according to claim 1, wherein the detection coil is disposed outside a storage container in which the displacement body is stored. 前記検出コイルは、前記変位体が収納される収納容器の内部に配置されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の接点装置。   The contact device according to claim 1, wherein the detection coil is disposed inside a storage container in which the displacement body is stored. 前記検出コイルは、前記変位体を挟んで前記接点部と対向する位置に配置されることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載の接点装置。   The contact device according to claim 1, wherein the detection coil is disposed at a position facing the contact portion with the displacement body interposed therebetween. 前記検出コイルは、前記変位体の周囲を周回するように配置されることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れか１項に記載の接点装置。   The contact device according to claim 1, wherein the detection coil is arranged so as to go around the displacement body. 前記検出手段は、前記検出コイルに流れる電流の立ち上がり時間の変化に基づいて前記接点部の開閉状態を検出することを特徴とする請求項１〜５の何れか１項に記載の接点装置。   The contact device according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects an open / closed state of the contact portion based on a change in a rise time of a current flowing through the detection coil. 前記検出手段は、前記検出コイルに流れる電流の位相の変化に基づいて前記接点部の開閉状態を検出することを特徴とする請求項１〜５の何れか１項に記載の接点装置。   The contact device according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects an open / close state of the contact portion based on a change in phase of a current flowing through the detection coil. 請求項１〜７の何れかの接点装置と、前記変位体を電磁力によって変位させる電磁石とを備えることを特徴とする電磁開閉器。   An electromagnetic switch comprising: the contact device according to claim 1; and an electromagnet that displaces the displacement body by electromagnetic force. 前記検出コイルは、前記電磁石を構成する励磁コイルからなることを特徴とする請求項８記載の電磁開閉器。   The electromagnetic switch according to claim 8, wherein the detection coil is an excitation coil that constitutes the electromagnet.
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JP2015046377A (en) * 2013-08-02 2015-03-12 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Electromagnetic relay

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JPS5279260A (en) * 1975-12-26 1977-07-04 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Electromagnetic solenoid
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