JP2013000700A - Ion separation recovery system and ion separation recovery method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ion separation recovery system which has stable ion separation performance even when the temperature of a treatment liquid and the concentration of ions to be separated are changed during electrophoresis treatment and an ion separation recovery method.SOLUTION: The ion separation recovery system 1 includes: an electrophoresis ion separation recovery apparatus 10 which has a couple of electrodes 12 in which voltage is applied between a first electrode 13 and a second electrode 14, carries out the electrophoresis treatment of a solution 80 to be treated to separate it into a first solution 81 and a second solution 82, and discharges them; a measurement part 50 which measures at least one liquid control parameter selected from ion concentration, conductivity, a flow rate, and liquid temperature with regard to at least one in-system circulation liquid selected from the solution 80 to be treated, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82; and a control part 60 which carries out the control of at least one selected from the control of the flow rate and liquid temperature of the in-system circulation liquid, the control of voltage applied to a couple of the electrodes 12, and the control of the electrode distance of a couple of the electrodes 12.

Description

  The present invention relates to an ion separation and recovery system and an ion separation and recovery method for separating ions by electrophoresis without using a diaphragm.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device that separates and recovers anions and cations contained in a solution to be treated is known. This electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device uses an electrophoresis without using a diaphragm to localize anions and cations in a solution in the vicinity of an anode and a cathode, and a solution containing the localized anions And the solution containing the localized cation are separated and taken out to separate the ions. In the present invention, an apparatus itself for separating and taking out ions is called an electrophoretic ion separation and recovery apparatus, and an apparatus including peripheral devices such as a power source in addition to the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery apparatus is called an ion separation and recovery system.

JP 2007-90299 A

  In the ion separation / recovery system, the separation performance between the solution containing anions and the solution containing cations in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device is important. However, this separation performance varies depending on the state of the liquid existing between the anode and cathode electrodes.

  For example, when separating ions such as sodium ions and chloride ions using water as a solvent, the conductivity changes due to changes in ion concentration and water temperature, and the ion separation performance changes due to the change in conductivity. The relationship between the change in water temperature and the change in conductivity will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between water temperature and water conductivity. FIG. 4 collectively shows three graphs showing the relationship between water temperature and water conductivity described in three different documents. Three graphs were displayed in the first, second, and third documents so as to include symbols ◯, ×, and Δ, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the conductivity of water changes greatly as the water temperature changes. Specifically, when the water temperature is 25 ° C., the water conductivity is 0.3 μS / cm or less, whereas when the water temperature is 250 ° C., the water conductivity is 3.2 to 3.6 μS / cm. , About 10 times larger than that at 25 ° C.

  Thus, when the electrical conductivity of water changes, the electric field strength that serves as the driving force for separation changes, which may change the ion separation performance. In an ion separation and recovery system, electrophoresis is usually performed by applying a constant voltage. However, if the increase in current is insufficient when the conductivity of water changes, the applied voltage decreases and the electric field strength changes. It is.

The relationship between the change in water conductivity and the change in current will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between water conductivity and current value. Specifically, FIG. 5 shows water when ^two electrodes having an electrode area of 98 cm ² are arranged to face each other with an electrode interval of 1.8 cm and predetermined constant voltages 16 V, 25 V and 60 V are applied between the two electrodes. It is the graph which showed the relationship between electrical conductivity and electric current value.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the current value is a straight line that increases in proportion to the increase in the conductivity of water. It can also be seen that the slope of the straight line increases as the applied voltage increases.

  However, the necessity of flowing a large amount of current affects the operation of the ion separation and recovery system. A power supply having a large power supply capacity capable of flowing a large current when the water conductivity increases becomes excessively difficult to be introduced because it has excessive specifications in a normal state where the water conductivity is small. For this reason, with a normal specification power supply, when the conductivity of water increases, there is a risk that sufficient current cannot flow and the voltage drops, making it impossible to operate the ion separation and recovery system soundly. is there.

  The relationship between the water temperature and the applied voltage upper limit value of the power supply will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the water temperature and the applied voltage upper limit value of the power source. Specifically, FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of an applied voltage upper limit value when a commonly used DC power supply manufactured by Nippon Aido Co., Ltd. is used.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the water temperature is as low as about 100 ° C., the applied voltage upper limit value is 450V, but when the water temperature is as high as 200 ° C. or higher, the applied voltage upper limit value decreases to about 200V. Thus, it can be seen that if the upper limit value of the applied voltage is lowered as the water temperature rises, sufficient electrophoresis cannot be performed depending on the conditions, and the ion separation performance may be insufficient.

  The relationship between the water temperature and the water resistance value will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between water temperature and water resistance (voltage / current).

  The apparatus used in FIG. 7 is an electrophoretic ion separation and recovery apparatus using a diaphragm, and the resistance value shown in FIG. 7 is the resistance value through the diaphragm when the electrode interval between the opposing electrodes is 6 mm. It is. For this reason, although the apparatus configuration of the apparatus used in FIG. 7 is different from the above-described electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus not using a diaphragm, the relationship between the water temperature and the resistance value of water is the same regardless of the presence or absence of the diaphragm. FIG. 7 is used to explain the relationship between the water temperature and the water resistance value. As shown in FIG. 7, the resistance value of water decreases as the water temperature increases.

  As described above, in an ion separation and recovery system that separates ions by electrophoresis without using a diaphragm, the conductivity changes due to changes in the ion concentration and water temperature, and the ion separation performance is affected by the change in conductivity. There was a problem of changing.

  Among the changes in water temperature and ion concentration, particularly when the water temperature and ion concentration are higher than preset values, the electric field strength between the anode and cathode electrodes is increased by increasing the conductivity of the liquid. There is a problem that the ion separation efficiency is likely to decrease. Note that the electric field strength between the electrodes is more likely to decrease at portions other than the vicinity of both electrodes, that is, at a portion separated from both electrodes.

  Further, when the conductivity of the liquid becomes high, it is necessary to flow a large amount of interelectrode current in order to maintain electrophoresis at a constant voltage. In this case, since a larger power source capacity is required as a power source for the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device, it is not economical, and there is a possibility that appropriate electrophoretic processing cannot be performed due to insufficient power source capacity of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device. There was a problem that there was.

  The present invention solves the above-described problem, and provides an ion separation and recovery system and ion separation and recovery method that have stable ion separation performance even when the temperature of the processing solution and the concentration of ions to be separated change during electrophoresis. For the purpose.

  The present invention measures liquid management parameters such as ion concentration and conductivity for the liquid present in the ion separation and recovery system, and performs liquid flow rate control, liquid temperature control, etc. based on the measured values of the liquid management parameters. This is done by finding that stable ion separation performance can be obtained even when the treatment liquid temperature and the concentration of ions to be separated are changed.

  That is, the ion separation and recovery system of the present invention is for solving the above-described problem, and includes an electrode pair to which a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, The electrophoretic treatment separates and discharges the first solution containing ions localized near the first electrode and the second solution containing ions localized near the second electrode. Electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device and one or more selected from ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate and liquid temperature for one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution A measurement unit for measuring the liquid management parameter of the liquid, flow control and liquid temperature control of one or more kinds of liquid flowing in the system selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution, and control of applied voltage of the electrode pair , And electrodes of the electrode pair And a control unit for performing one or more control selected from septum control, characterized in that it comprises a.

  In addition, the ion separation and recovery method of the present invention is for solving the above-described problem. The ion separation and recovery method includes an electrode pair to which a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrophoretic treatment separates and discharges the first solution containing ions localized near the first electrode and the second solution containing ions localized near the second electrode. One kind selected from ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate and liquid temperature for one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution using an electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device The step of measuring the above liquid management parameters, the flow rate control and liquid temperature control of one or more kinds of in-system flow liquid selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution, and the applied voltage control of the electrode pair And between the electrodes of the electrode pair And performing one or more control selected from control, characterized in that it comprises a.

  According to the ion separation / recovery system and ion separation / recovery method of the present invention, an ion separation / recovery system and ion separation having stable ion separation performance even when the treatment liquid temperature and the concentration of ions to be separated change during electrophoresis. A recovery method is obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The schematic block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of the ion separation collection system of this invention. The schematic block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the ion separation collection system of this invention. The schematic block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the ion separation collection system of this invention. The graph which shows the relationship between water temperature and the electrical conductivity of water. The graph which shows the relationship between the electrical conductivity of water, and an electric current value. The graph which shows an example of the relationship between water temperature and the applied voltage upper limit of a power supply. The graph which shows the relationship between water temperature and the resistance value (voltage / current) of water.

[Ion separation and recovery system]
The ion separation and recovery system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of an ion separation and recovery system of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the ion separation / recovery system 1 includes an electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 that separates and discharges an introduced processing target solution 80 into a first solution 81 and a second solution 82, and a processing target solution. 80, a measuring unit 50 for measuring a liquid management parameter such as an ion concentration for one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the first solution 81 and the second solution 82; a processing target solution 80; a first solution 81; And a control unit 60 that performs control such as flow rate control of one or more kinds of in-system flow liquid selected from the second solution 82.

  The ion separation / recovery system 1 is provided on the upstream side of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10, and includes a raw water tank 30 for storing a solution 80 to be treated introduced into the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10, and electrophoresis ion separation. A first liquid tank 31 that is provided on the downstream side of the recovery device 10 and stores the first solution 81 discharged from the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device 10, and provided on the downstream side of the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device 10, And a second liquid tank 32 for storing the second solution 82 discharged from the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device 10.

  The electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 and the upstream raw water tank 30 are connected by an introduction line 34. As a result, the solution 80 to be treated in the raw water tank 30 is sent to the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device 10. In the middle of the introduction line 34, a pump 37, a monitor 50 </ b> A as the measurement unit 50, and a liquid temperature adjustment mechanism 71 are provided.

  The electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 and the first liquid tank 31 on the downstream side are connected by a first discharge line 35. As a result, the first solution 81 generated in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device 10 is sent to the first liquid tank 31. In the middle of the first discharge line 35, a monitor 50C as the measurement unit 50 is provided.

  The electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 and the downstream second liquid tank 32 are connected by a second discharge line 36. Accordingly, the second solution 82 generated in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10 is sent to the second liquid tank 32. In the middle of the second discharge line 36, a monitor 50D as a measuring unit 50 is provided.

  With the above configuration, in the ion separation / recovery system 1, the treatment target solution 80 is introduced into the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10, and the first solution 81 and the second solution 82 are subjected to the electrophoresis treatment. When generated, the generated first solution 81 and second solution 82 are collected in the first liquid tank 31 and the second liquid tank 32.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, a region upstream of the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 and in which the processing target solution 80 flows is referred to as a separation upstream region 21. Specifically, in the ion separation and recovery system 1, the region including the raw water tank 30, the introduction line 34, the pump 37, and the monitor 50 </ b> A as the measurement unit 50 is the separation upstream region 21.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, a region downstream of the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 and through which the first solution 81 flows is referred to as a first separation downstream region 23. Specifically, in the ion separation and recovery system 1, a region including the first discharge line 35, the first liquid tank 31, and the monitor 50 </ b> C as the measurement unit 50 is the first separation downstream region 23.

  Further, in the ion separation / recovery system 1, a region downstream of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 and the second solution 82 circulates is referred to as a second separation downstream region 24. Specifically, in the ion separation and recovery system 1, the region including the second discharge line 36, the second liquid tank 32, and the monitor 50 </ b> D as the measurement unit 50 is the second separation downstream region 24.

<Electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device>
The electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10 includes an electrophoresis container 11 into which a solution 80 to be treated is introduced, an electrophoresis container 11, a first electrode 13, a second electrode 14, and a first electrode 13. An electrode pair 12 to which a voltage is applied is provided between the second electrode 14.

  The electrophoresis container 11 is a cylindrical container having a rectangular cross section, and the introduction unit 15 into which the processing target solution 80 is introduced from the introduction line 34 on the upstream side of the electrophoresis container 11 and the electrophoresis in the electrophoresis container 11. The first discharge unit 17 that discharges the first solution 81 generated from the processing target solution 80 by the processing to the first discharge line 35 and the second solution generated from the processing target solution 80 by the electrophoresis processing in the electrophoresis container 11. And a second discharge unit 18 for discharging the solution 82 to the second discharge line 36.

  The electrode pair 12 provided in the electrophoresis container 11 is an electrode unit composed of a pair of electrodes having a first electrode 13 and a second electrode 14. In the electrode pair 12, the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are both formed in a flat plate shape and are arranged to face each other. The first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 may have a shape other than a flat plate shape, for example, a mesh shape. The material of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material, and examples thereof include stainless steel, titanium, and platinum.

  The first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 constituting the electrode pair 12 are each connected to another terminal of a DC power source 40A which is an external power source 40 provided outside the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10. A voltage is applied between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 by the power source 40A. The voltage value and current value between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are measured by a voltmeter 41 and an ammeter 42.

  In the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10, a voltage is applied between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 constituting the electrode pair 12 to perform the electrophoretic treatment on the introduced processing target solution 80. Thus, the first solution 81 and the second solution 82 are generated from the solution 80 to be treated, the first solution 81 is discharged from the first discharge unit 17, and the second solution 82 is discharged from the second discharge unit 18. ing.

Here, the processing target solution 80 means a liquid containing ions to be subjected to electrophoresis processing in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10. Examples of the treatment target solution 80 include an aqueous solution containing a cation such as sodium ion Na ⁺ and an anion such as chloride ion Cl ⁻ .

  As the processing target solution 80 used in the ion separation / recovery system 1, one having a liquid temperature of 25 to 300 ° C. is usually used. Moreover, as the process target solution 80 used for the ion separation and recovery system 1, one having an ion concentration of usually about 1 ppb to 1% by mass is used.

  The first solution 81 is a solution containing ions localized in the vicinity of the first electrode 13 generated from the processing target solution 80 by the electrophoresis process in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10. The type of ions contained in the first solution 81 varies depending on whether the first electrode 13 is an anode or a cathode. If the first electrode 13 is an anode, the first solution 81 contains an anion, and if the first electrode 13 is a cathode, the first solution 81 becomes a liquid containing a cation.

For example, when the solution 80 to be treated is an aqueous solution containing sodium ions Na ⁺ and chloride ions Cl ⁻ , a voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12 so that the first electrode 13 is an anode and the second electrode 14 is a cathode. In this case, the first solution 81 becomes an aqueous solution containing chloride ions Cl ⁻ localized near the first electrode 13 which is the anode.

  The second solution 82 is a solution containing ions localized in the vicinity of the second electrode 14 generated from the processing target solution 80 by the electrophoresis process in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10. The type of ions contained in the second solution 82 varies depending on whether the second electrode 14 is an anode or a cathode. If the second electrode 14 is an anode, the second solution 82 contains an anion, and if the second electrode 14 is a cathode, the second solution 82 becomes a solution containing a cation.

For example, when the solution 80 to be treated is an aqueous solution containing sodium ions Na ⁺ and chloride ions Cl ⁻ , a voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12 so that the first electrode 13 is an anode and the second electrode 14 is a cathode. Then, the second solution 82 becomes an aqueous solution containing sodium ions Na ⁺ localized in the vicinity of the second electrode 14 serving as the cathode.

  An adjuster 72 that adjusts the distance between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 is attached to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 constituting the electrode pair 12.

  The adjuster 72 increases the electrode interval between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 continuously or stepwise by moving the first electrode 13 or the second electrode 14 toward or away from the opposite electrode. Or a mechanism to decrease. The adjuster 72 is provided on each of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, and can move each of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 using a motor or the like.

  Examples of the adjuster 72 include a mechanism in which the tip of a rod-like body that can be moved in the axial direction by a motor or the like is connected to the back surface of the first electrode 13 or the second electrode 14.

  The adjusters 72 and 72 provided in the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are controlled by the control unit 60 so that the distance between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 is appropriately set. It can be adjusted to the distance.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, a region located between or near the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 among regions in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 is referred to as an interelectrode region 22. .

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, there is one electrode pair 12, and the electrode pair 12 is composed of one first electrode 13 and one second electrode 14. Determined.

  In the present invention, unlike the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of electrode pairs 12 may be provided so as to be adjacent along the longitudinal direction of the electrophoresis container 11. Specifically, a plurality of electrode pairs 12 may be arranged at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the electrophoresis container 11.

  In the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10, a monitor 50 </ b> B as a measurement unit 50 is provided in the interelectrode region 22. Information on the liquid management parameters measured by the monitor 50B is transmitted to the control unit 60 electrically connected to the monitor 50B.

<Measurement unit>
The measurement unit 50 uses one or more types selected from the ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate, and liquid temperature for one or more types of in-system flow liquids selected from the processing target solution 80, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82. The liquid management parameters are measured.

  In the present invention, the processing target solution 80, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82 that are liquids flowing through the system of the ion separation and recovery system 1 are collectively referred to as an in-system flowing liquid.

  During the operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1, the processing target solution 80 is usually present in the separation upstream region 21 and the interelectrode region 22. Specifically, the processing target solution 80 is usually present in the raw water tank 30, the introduction line 34, and the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10.

  Further, during the operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1, the first solution 81 is normally present in the first separation downstream region 23. Specifically, the first solution 81 is usually present in the first discharge line 35 and the first liquid tank 31.

  Note that the first solution 81 is also generated in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 by the electrophoresis treatment of the solution 80 to be treated. However, the first solution 81 in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 is not sufficiently separated from the processing target solution 80 and the second solution 82. Therefore, it can be said that the pure first solution 81 does not substantially exist in the inter-electrode region 22 in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 but exists in the first separation downstream region 23.

Furthermore, during the operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1, the second solution 82 is normally present in the second separation downstream region 24. Specifically, the second solution 82 is usually present in the second discharge line 36 and the second liquid tank 32.
Note that the second solution 82 is also generated in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 by the electrophoretic treatment of the solution 80 to be treated. However, the second solution 82 in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10 is not sufficiently separated from the processing target solution 80 and the first solution 81. Therefore, it can be said that the pure second solution 82 does not substantially exist in the inter-electrode region 22 in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 but exists in the second separation downstream region 24.

  The measurement unit 50 measures liquid management parameters for one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the processing target solution 80, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82. The measuring unit 50 is provided in a region where one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the processing target solution 80, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82 are present.

  The regions where the processing target solution 80 exists are usually the separation upstream region 21 and the interelectrode region 22. For this reason, the measuring unit 50 that measures the liquid management parameters of the solution 80 to be processed usually includes the introduction line 34 and the raw water tank 30 included in the separation upstream region 21, and the interelectrode region 22 in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device 10. It is provided in one or more places chosen from.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a monitor 50 </ b> A as a measurement unit 50 is provided in the middle of the introduction line 34, and a measurement unit 50 </ b> B is provided in the interelectrode region 22 in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10. ing.

  The region where the first solution 81 is present is usually the first separation downstream region 23. For this reason, the measurement unit 50 that measures the liquid management parameter of the first solution 81 is usually at least one place selected from the first discharge line 35 and the first liquid tank 31 included in the first separation downstream region 23. Is provided.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a monitor 50 </ b> C as a measuring unit 50 is provided in the middle of the first discharge line 35.

  The region where the second solution 82 exists is usually the second separation downstream region 24. For this reason, the measurement unit 50 that measures the liquid management parameter of the second solution 82 is usually at least one place selected from the second discharge line 36 and the second liquid tank 32 included in the second separation downstream region 24. Is provided.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a monitor 50 </ b> D as a measurement unit 50 is provided in the middle of the second discharge line 36.

  The measurement unit 50 measures one or more liquid management parameters selected from the ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate, and liquid temperature for the in-system flow liquid. Here, the liquid management parameter means one or more measurement items selected from ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate, and liquid temperature.

  When the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit 50 is an ion concentration, for example, an ion concentration meter is used as the measurement unit 50. When using an ion concentration meter, for example, the monitors 50A, 50C and 50D are ion concentration meters.

  The in-system flow liquid usually has higher conductivity as the ion concentration increases. For this reason, if the ion concentration increases during the electrophoresis process in which a constant voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12, usually a large amount of current is required to maintain the constant voltage.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, an ion concentration meter as the measurement unit 50 is provided as a monitor 50 </ b> A in the separation upstream region 21, and a solution to be processed in which the liquid management parameter measured by the ion concentration meter exists in the separation upstream region 21. An ion concentration of 80 is preferable because the ion concentration of the solution 80 to be treated, which is introduced into the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10 and is subjected to the electrophoresis process, can be accurately measured.

  In addition, an ion concentration meter as the measurement unit 50 is provided as the monitor 50C in the first separation downstream region 23, and the liquid management parameters measured by the ion concentration meter are ions of the first solution 81 existing in the first separation downstream region 23. In the case of the concentration, the degree of separation can be measured using ions contained in the first solution 81 as a measurement target ion.

  In addition, an ion concentration meter as the measurement unit 50 is provided as a monitor 50D in the second separation downstream region 24, and the liquid management parameter measured by the ion concentration meter is ions of the second solution 82 existing in the second separation downstream region 24. In the case of the concentration, the degree of separation can be measured using ions contained in the second solution 82 as a measurement target ion.

  When the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit 50 is conductivity, for example, a conductivity meter is used as the measurement unit 50. When using a conductivity meter, for example, one or more of the monitors 50A and 50B is a conductivity meter.

  When the monitor 50A is a conductivity meter, the conductivity of the solution 80 to be processed before the electrophoresis process can be measured, and when the monitor 50B is a conductivity meter, the conductivity during the electrophoresis process is measured. Can do.

  When the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit 50 is a flow rate, for example, a flow meter is used as the measurement unit 50. When a flow meter is used, for example, the monitor 50A is a flow meter. When the monitor 50A is a flow meter, the flow rate of the processing target solution 80 before the electrophoresis process can be measured.

  When the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit 50 is the liquid temperature, for example, a thermometer is used as the measurement unit 50. When using a thermometer, for example, the monitor 50B is a thermometer.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, a thermometer as the measurement unit 50 is provided as a monitor 50 </ b> B in the interelectrode region 22, and the liquid management parameter measured by the thermometer is in the interelectrode region 22. The liquid temperature is preferable because it is possible to accurately measure the liquid temperature of the solution 80 to be electrophoresed by the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery apparatus 10.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, a thermometer as the measurement unit 50 is provided as a monitor 50 </ b> A in the separation upstream region 21, and the liquid management parameter measured by the thermometer of the processing target solution 80 existing in the separation upstream region 21. The liquid temperature is preferable because the liquid temperature of the solution 80 to be treated, which is introduced into the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 and is subjected to the electrophoresis treatment, can be accurately measured.

  Each of the monitors 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D may have a plurality of measurement functions. For example, the monitor 50A may have functions of an ion concentration meter and a flow meter, and the monitor 50B may have functions of a conductivity meter and a thermometer.

  The measurement unit 50 (50A, 50B, 50C, 50D) is electrically connected to the control unit 60. Thereby, the information of the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit 50 (50A, 50B, 50C, 50D) is transmitted to the control unit 60.

<Control unit>
The control unit 60 controls the flow rate and the liquid temperature of one or more kinds of liquid flowing in the system selected from the processing target solution 80, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82, the applied voltage control of the electrode pair 12, and the electrode pair. One or more types of control selected from 12 electrode spacing controls are performed.

Specifically, the control unit 60 calculates the separation degree (D ₁ ) of ions in one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the first solution 81 and the second solution 82, and the calculated separation. Based on the degree (D ₁ ), one or more kinds of control selected from the flow rate control and liquid temperature control of the liquid flowing in the system, the applied voltage control of the electrode pair 12, and the electrode spacing control of the electrode pair 12 are performed. is there.

More specifically, the control unit 60 calculates, for example, a calculation step for calculating the degree of separation (D ₁ ) of ions in the in-system flow liquid, and the calculated degree of separation D ₁ is a predetermined separation degree specification. A determination step for determining whether or not the value (D ₀ ) is within a numerical value range; and a calculation when the calculated degree of separation D ₁ is outside a numerical value range of a predetermined separation degree specification value D _0. was as separation D ₁ falls within a preset value range of separation specification value D _0, flow control, liquid temperature control, applied voltage control, and a control step of performing control such electrode interval control performed.

  The calculation step, determination step, and control step will be described in detail.

(Calculation step)
The calculating step calculates the degree of separation (D ₁ ) of ions in one or more liquids selected from the first solution 81 and the second solution 82 based on the measured value of the liquid management parameter measured by the measuring unit 50. It is a step to do.

  Here, the degree of separation means the ratio of the concentration of the measurement target ion in the first solution 81 or the second solution 82 to the total ion concentration in the processing target solution 80. That is, the degree of separation is obtained by dividing the concentration of the measurement target ions in the first solution 81 or the second solution 82 after the separation by the concentration of the molar concentration of all ions in the processing target solution 80. Can be calculated.

Here, the total ion concentration in the processing target solution 80 is a concentration of ions not including ions caused by the solvent. For example, in the case where the solution 80 to be treated is an aqueous solution containing Na ⁺ and Cl ⁻ , the total value of the ion concentration of Na ^{+ and} the ion concentration of Cl ⁻ is the total ion concentration, and ions originate from water as a solvent. H ⁺ and OH ⁻ are not included in the total ion concentration in the solution 80 to be treated.

  The ion to be measured is an ion whose separation degree is to be measured among the ions contained in the first solution 81 or the second solution 82 and is usually most contained in the first solution 81 or the second solution 82. Ions are chosen.

For example, when the measurement target solution is the first solution 81 and the first solution 81 is an aqueous solution containing Cl ⁻ at a concentration of 1.8 mol / l and Na ⁺ at a concentration of 0.2 mol / l, the measurement target ions are Usually, Cl ⁻ is selected.

An example of calculating the degree of separation will be shown. For example, the processing target solution 80 is a 10 L aqueous solution containing 10 mol of Na ⁺ , 10 mol of Cl ⁻ , and 20 mol in total of Na ⁺ and Cl ^−, and the first solution 81 after separation contains Cl ⁻ . 9 moles, an aqueous solution of 5L containing 1 mol of Na ^+, the second solution 82 after separation, Cl ^- 1 mol, consider the case where an aqueous solution of 5L containing 9 moles of Na ^+.

In other words, it processed solution 80 is, Na ⁺ 1.0 mol / l, Cl ^- and at a concentration of 1.0 mol / l, concentration and Cl of Na ^{+ -} sum of the concentration of 2. The first solution 81 after separation is a 5 L aqueous solution containing Cl ⁻ at a concentration of 1.8 mol / l and Na ⁺ at a concentration of 0.2 mol / l. The second solution 82 after separation is a 5 L aqueous solution containing Cl ⁻ at a concentration of 0.2 mol / l and Na ⁺ at a concentration of 1.8 mol / l.

In this condition, test liquid is a first solution 81, measured ions in the first solution 81 is Cl ^- separation time is in, Cl of the first solution 81 ^- in 1.8 mol / l Yes, since the total ion concentration of the solution 80 to be treated, that is, the total value of the Cl ⁻ concentration and the Na ⁺ concentration is 2.0 mol / l, 1.8 mol / l is reduced to 2.0 mol / l. It is calculated as 90%.

Also, test liquid is a second solution 82, the degree of separation when measured ions in the second solution 82 is Na ⁺ are, Na ⁺ of the second solution 82 is 1.8 mol / l, Since the total ion concentration of the solution 80 to be treated is 2.0 mol / l, it is calculated as 90% by dividing 1.8 mol / l by 2.0 mol / l.

  The degree of separation can be calculated by paying attention to the number of moles instead of the concentration. In this case, the calculation can be performed by dividing the number of moles of the measurement target ions in the first solution 81 or the second solution 82 after the separation by the number of moles of the measurement target ions in the processing target solution 80.

For example, in the above example, when the measurement target solution is the first solution 81 and the measurement target ion in the first solution 81 is Cl ⁻ , the degree of separation is 9 when the number of moles of Cl ⁻ in the first solution 81 is 9. Since the number of moles of Cl ^{− in} the solution to be treated 80 is 10 moles, it can be calculated as 90% by dividing 9 moles by 10 moles.

(Judgment step)
In the determination step, the degree of separation D ₁ calculated based on the measured value of the liquid management parameter is within the numerical range of the degree of separation specification value D ₀ set in advance as a degree of separation preferable for the operation of the ion separation recovery system 1. This is a step of determining whether or not.

Separation specification value _{D 0} is set in advance, for example, is set as a numerical range with a lower limit _{D 0L,} median _{D 0M} and the upper limit _{D 0H.} Information on the degree of separation specification value D ₀ set in advance is stored in the control unit 60 or other storage means (not shown) accessible by the control unit 60.

Is whether the calculated degree of separation D ₁ is preset separation within the numerical range of the specification value D _0, for example, the median D _0M with the calculated separation D ₁ separation specification value D ₀ And a method of determining whether or not the difference is within a predetermined range.

(Control step)
Control step, when the calculated degree of separation D ₁ is outside the numerical range of a preset separation specification value D _0, the calculated separation D ₁ is set in advance of separation specification value D ₀ A flow rate control and a liquid temperature control of one or more kinds of in-system flow liquid selected from the processing target solution 80, the first solution 81 and the second solution 82 so as to fall within a numerical range; an applied voltage control of the electrode pair 12; In addition, it is a step of performing one or more types of control selected from the electrode spacing control of the electrode pair 12.

<Flow control>
The flow rate control is a control for adjusting the flow rate of the circulating liquid in the system by controlling a flow rate adjusting mechanism such as a flow rate adjusting pump or a valve provided in the ion separation and recovery system 1.

  A flow rate adjusting mechanism such as a flow rate adjusting pump or a valve is provided in a line such as the introduction line 34, the first discharge line 35, the second discharge line 36, for example.

  The pump 37 that is a flow rate adjusting mechanism is electrically connected to the control unit 60. Thereby, the pump 37 is configured to control the amount of liquid delivery and the like in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 60.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, generally, when the flow rate is decreased, the degree of separation increases.

A specific example of flow rate control is shown. For example, the degree of separation calculated based on the measured value of the liquid management parameter measured by the measuring unit 50 is A (%), and this degree of separation A (%) is a predetermined separation degree specification value D ₀ ( %), The flow rate control when changing the separation degree A (%) to B (%), which is the separation degree within the numerical range of the separation degree D ₀ (%), is considered.

The flow rate of the solution 80 to be treated in the introduction line 34 when the separation degree A (%) before the flow rate control is V _A (L / min), and the separation line B (%) after the flow rate control is in the introduction line 34 Assuming that the flow rate of the processing target solution 80 is V _B (L / min), the flow rate V _B is calculated by the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]
V _B = V _A ^{(B / A)} (1)

For example, when the separation degree B (%) after the flow rate control is made larger than the separation degree A (%) before the flow rate control, the flow rate of the solution 80 to be treated in the introduction line 34 is set to V _B or less. Control.

  The ion separation / recovery system 1 may be preset with a flow rate specification value that is a flow rate preferable for the operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1. When the flow rate specification value is set in advance, the flow rate control in the ion separation recovery system 1 becomes easy. Information on the flow rate specification value is stored in the control unit 60 or other storage means (not shown) accessible by the control unit 60.

Note that the flow rate control is preferably performed in combination with the liquid temperature control because the control by the flow rate control becomes easy. Specifically, when the liquid temperature is first controlled to bring the liquid temperature of the solution to be treated 80 close to a liquid temperature specification value that is a liquid temperature preferable for the operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1, the measurement is performed by the measurement unit 50. to approach the numerical range of separation specification value D ₀ of separation D ₁ calculated based on the measurements of the liquid management parameters have been set in advance, it becomes easy to control the flow rate control.

<Liquid temperature control>
The liquid temperature control is a control for adjusting the liquid temperature of the in-system flow liquid by controlling a liquid temperature adjusting mechanism such as a heat exchanger or a heater provided in the ion separation and recovery system 1.

  The liquid temperature adjusting mechanism such as a heat exchanger or a heater is provided in the line such as the introduction line 34, the first discharge line 35, the second discharge line 36, or the raw water tank 30, for example.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a liquid temperature adjusting mechanism 71 is provided in the middle of the introduction line 34. When the liquid temperature adjusting mechanism 71 is provided in the middle of the introduction line 34, the liquid temperature of the processing target solution 80, which is introduced into the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10 and is subjected to the electrophoretic processing, is adjusted with high accuracy. Is preferable.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, generally, when the liquid temperature is lowered, the degree of separation increases.

  The liquid temperature adjusting mechanism 71 is electrically connected to the control unit 60. As a result, the liquid temperature adjusting mechanism 71 is controlled by the instruction from the control unit 60.

  Further, in the ion separation and recovery system 1, a liquid temperature specification value that is a liquid temperature preferable for the operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1 may be set in advance. When the liquid temperature specification value is set in advance, the liquid temperature control in the ion separation recovery system 1 becomes easy. Information on the liquid temperature specification value is stored in the control unit 60 or other storage means (not shown) accessible by the control unit 60.

<Applied voltage control>
The applied voltage control is a control for adjusting the applied voltage between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12 by controlling a voltage adjusting mechanism such as a DC power supply 40A provided in the ion separation recovery system 1. It is.

  Here, the applied voltage control means control for keeping the applied voltage to the electrode pair 12 constant. The applied voltage control is usually controlled so as to keep the applied voltage constant by adjusting the current value of the power source such as the DC power source 40A.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, the DC power supply 40A is a voltage adjustment mechanism.

  The DC power supply 40A is electrically connected to the control unit 60. Thereby, the DC power supply 40A can control the voltage applied to the electrode pair 12 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 60.

<Electrode spacing control>
The electrode spacing control is, for example, control for adjusting the electrode spacing between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12 by controlling an electrode spacing adjusting mechanism such as the adjuster 72.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1, generally, when the electrode interval is decreased, the degree of separation increases.

  The electrode spacing control may be effective even when the flow rate control and liquid temperature control of the liquid flowing in the system and the applied voltage control of the electrode pair 12 are not very effective.

  As described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6, when the water temperature rises, a phenomenon in which the water conductivity rapidly increases occurs. In this way, when the conductivity of water increases, the applied voltage control controls to increase the current, so the capacity of the power supply is insufficient and the current cannot be increased sufficiently and the applied voltage cannot be controlled sufficiently. Can occur. On the other hand, in the electrode spacing control, when the water conductivity increases, it is only necessary to control to decrease the electrode spacing. Therefore, the adjustment range up to the lower limit value of the electrode spacing is wide, and the water conductivity increases. Can handle a wide range.

  For example, when the water temperature increases and the conductivity of the water increases 10 times, and when it is necessary to pass a current 10 times larger to apply a constant voltage to the electrode pair 12, the electrode spacing is reduced to 1/10. If adjusted to, a constant voltage can be applied. Thus, in the electrode interval control, a constant voltage can be applied if the electrode interval is adjusted so as to be inversely proportional to the increase in the water conductivity, and thus the adjustment range is wide.

  The electrode spacing control is usually performed using an adjuster that is provided on at least one of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12 and changes the separation distance between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14. Is called.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, an adjuster 72 as an electrode interval adjusting mechanism is provided on each of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12.

  Each adjuster 72 is independently controlled by a control unit 60 electrically connected to the adjuster 72. That is, in the ion separation and recovery system 1, the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are moved independently by the adjuster 72 provided on the first electrode 13 and the adjuster 72 provided on the second electrode 14. Be able to.

<Action>
The operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1 will be described. First, the processing target solution 80 is stored in the raw water tank 30 of the ion separation and recovery system 1. The solution 80 to be treated includes a cation 84 and an anion 85.

  Next, the pump 37 is operated to introduce the solution 80 to be treated in the raw water tank 30 into the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 through the introduction line 34. At this time, it is preferable to operate the liquid temperature adjusting mechanism 71 as appropriate so that the solution 80 to be processed falls within a predetermined temperature range for performing the electrophoresis process.

  When the processing target solution 80 is introduced into the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10, the electrophoretic processing is performed between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12 using the DC power source 40A. A predetermined voltage is applied to perform the electrophoresis process. Hereinafter, the operation will be described in the case where a voltage is applied so that the first electrode 13 is an anode and the second electrode 14 is a cathode.

  When a voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12 using the DC power source 40A and an electrophoresis process is performed in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10, the cations 84 contained in the solution 80 to be processed The anion 85 moves to the vicinity of the first electrode 13 or the second electrode 14 according to the polarities of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14.

  Since the voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12 so that the first electrode 13 serves as an anode and the second electrode 14 serves as a cathode, the anions 85 in the solution 80 to be treated are in the vicinity of the first electrode 13 serving as an anode. The first solution 81 is generated in the vicinity of the first electrode 13, and the cation 84 in the solution 80 to be processed moves to the vicinity of the second electrode 14, which is the cathode, and the second solution 14 in the vicinity of the second electrode 14. A solution 82 is produced.

  The first solution 81 in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 is discharged from the first discharge unit 17, flows through the first discharge line 35, and is collected in the first liquid tank 31. Further, the second solution 82 in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 is discharged from the second discharge unit 18, flows through the second discharge line 36, and is collected in the second liquid tank 32.

  During operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1, the measurement unit 50 provided in the ion separation / recovery system 1, that is, the monitor 50 </ b> A provided in the middle of the introduction line 34, and the inter-electrode region 22 in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10. Using one or more measuring units 50 selected from the monitor 50B provided, the monitor 50C provided in the middle of the first discharge line 35, and the monitor 50D provided in the middle of the second discharge line 36, One or more liquid management parameters selected from ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate, and liquid temperature are measured for one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the solution 80, the first solution 81, and the second solution 82. The

  Information on the liquid management parameters measured by one or more measurement units 50 selected from the monitors 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D is transmitted to the control unit 60 that is electrically connected to the measurement unit 50.

Based on the information on the liquid management parameter transmitted from the measurement unit 50, the control unit 60 calculates a separation degree (D ₁ ) of ions in the in-system flow liquid, and the calculated separation degree D ₁ , preset numerical range of separation specification value D ₀ of the determining step of whether the judged it is within range, is calculated separation D ₁ is set in advance of the separation specification value (D ₀₎ If outside, as calculated separation D ₁ enters a preset separation within the numerical range of the specification value D _0, flow control, liquid temperature control, applied voltage control, the control electrode interval control and the like And performing a control step.

In the control unit 60, calculation step, by performing the determination step and a control step, the degree of separation ion separation and recovery system 1, calculation step from the separation D ₁ of the before performing the determination step and a control step, separation specifications D separability can be changed to D ₂ in the numerical range of _0, it is possible to adjust the degree of separation.

<Effect of this embodiment>
According to the ion separation / recovery system 1, since the control unit 60 performs control to optimize the degree of separation based on the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit 50, the temperature of the treatment liquid and the ions to be separated are separated during the electrophoresis process. Even when the concentration changes, an ion separation / recovery system and ion separation / recovery method having stable ion separation performance can be obtained.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the ion separation and recovery system of the present invention.
The ion separation / recovery system 1A shown in FIG. 2 uses a pulse power supply 40B instead of the DC power supply 40A as compared with the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG.

  The ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. 2 and the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1 have the same configuration except for the pulse power supply 40B. The same reference numerals are given to the same components in the ion separation and recovery system 1A shown in FIG. 1 and the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG.

  The pulse power supply 40B is a device that can generate a pulse-shaped waveform current, and a known pulse power supply is used.

  The pulse power supply 40B is preferably a power supply that can apply a voltage for a shorter time than 10 msec. As such a pulse power source 40B, a pulsed power source which is normally driven at 1 kHz or higher, preferably 2 kHz or higher is used. It is preferable that the pulse power supply be driven repeatedly at 1 kHz or more because the ion separation efficiency is not easily lowered due to the formation of an electric double layer in the vicinity of the electrode surface of the electrode pair 12 during the electrophoresis process.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown in FIG. 2, the pulse power supply 40B is used as the external power supply 40, so that ions in the electrophoresis process are compared with the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. The separation efficiency is high.

  The DC power supply 40A is electrically connected to the control unit 60. Thereby, the pulse power supply 40B can control the applied voltage of the electrode pair 12 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 60.

  The reason why the ion separation efficiency in the electrophoresis process is increased by using the pulse power supply 40B will be described.

  In general, the electrical conductivity in the liquid increases due to the high water temperature and ion concentration, but when the electrical conductivity in the liquid is high in this way, the voltage drop on the electrode surface becomes larger than when the electrical conductivity is low. It is known. Although the detailed mechanism of this voltage drop has not been fully elucidated, it is thought that when the liquid conductivity is high, an electric double layer is formed in the vicinity of the electrode surface, so that the voltage drop on the electrode surface increases. .

  For example, a voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12 so that the potential of the first electrode 13 is 10 V and the potential of the second electrode 14 is 0 V, that is, the potential difference between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 is 10 V. In this case, when an electric double layer is formed in the vicinity of the surfaces of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the potential in the vicinity of the first electrode 13 decreases from about 10 V to about 5 V depending on conditions, and the second electrode The potential near 14 may increase from 0V to about 5V.

  Thus, when the potential in the vicinity of the first electrode 13 and the potential in the vicinity of the second electrode 14 are both about 5 V, the potential gradient between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 becomes almost zero. This is not preferable because the separation efficiency of ions by electrophoresis is significantly reduced.

  The time required for forming the electric double layer is often about 10 msec. Further, if the power source that applies voltage to the electrode pair 12 is a DC power source, the formed electric double layer is maintained. Therefore, if the power source that applies voltage to the electrode pair 12 is a DC power source, depending on conditions, The electrophoretic treatment may be insufficient in about 10 msec from the start.

  As a method for removing the adverse effects caused by the formation of the electric double layer, there is a method of stopping the application of voltage before the electric double layer is sufficiently formed, for example, a method of applying a voltage for a shorter time than 10 msec. Since the pulse power supply 40B can prevent the formation of the electric double layer and destroy the formed electric double layer, the potential gradient between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12 is large. The ion separation efficiency by the electrophoresis treatment can be maintained high.

<Action>
The operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1A will be described. The operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. 2 is a pulse instead of the DC power supply 40A as compared with the operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. Since the operation is the same except that the power supply 40B is used, the description of the operation is omitted or simplified.

  First, the processing target solution 80 is stored in the raw water tank 30 of the ion separation / recovery system 1A, and the pump 37 is further operated to transfer the processing target solution 80 in the raw water tank 30 through the introduction line 34 to the electrophoresis ions. It introduces into the separation and recovery device 10. Up to this point, the operation is the same as that of the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG.

  When the processing target solution 80 is introduced into the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10, an electrophoretic treatment is performed between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 of the electrode pair 12 using the pulse power source 40B. Electrophoresis processing is performed by applying a predetermined voltage at a predetermined repetition rate. Hereinafter, the operation will be described in the case where a voltage is applied so that the first electrode 13 is an anode and the second electrode 14 is a cathode.

  When a voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12 by oscillating a pulse current from the pulse power supply 40B, an electrophoresis process is performed in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10, and the solution 80 to be processed The cations 84 and anions 85 included in the vicinity of the first electrode 13 or the second electrode 14 only in the time when the voltage is applied by the pulse power supply 40B, depending on the polarities of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14. Move to.

  On the other hand, when no pulse current is oscillated from the pulse power supply 40B and no voltage is applied to the electrode pair 12, the electrophoresis process is not performed in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10.

  The state where the pulse current is oscillated from the pulse power supply 40B and the state where the pulse current is not oscillated are repeatedly performed at a repetition frequency of 1 kHz or more.

  In the ion separation recovery system 1A, while the pulse current is oscillated from the pulse power supply 40B, the electrode pair 12 is applied with a voltage so that the first electrode 13 serves as an anode and the second electrode 14 serves as a cathode. The anion 85 in the target solution 80 moves to the vicinity of the first electrode 13 that is the anode, and the cation 84 in the processing target solution 80 moves to the vicinity of the second electrode 14 that is the cathode.

  In the ion separation / recovery system 1A, the state in which the pulse current is oscillated from the pulse power source 40B and the state in which the pulse current is not oscillated are repeated at a predetermined repetition frequency, whereby the first in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 The first solution 81 is generated in the vicinity of the electrode 13 and the second solution 82 is generated in the vicinity of the second electrode 14.

  The first solution 81 in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 is discharged from the first discharge unit 17, flows through the first discharge line 35, and is collected in the first liquid tank 31. Further, the second solution 82 in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 is discharged from the second discharge unit 18, flows through the second discharge line 36, and is collected in the second liquid tank 32.

  The subsequent operation is the same as that of the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG.

<Effect of this embodiment>
According to the ion separation and recovery system 1A, in addition to the same effects as those of the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. It is difficult to form a double layer, the potential gradient of the electrode pair 12 can be kept large, and the ion separation efficiency by the electrophoresis treatment can be kept high.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the ion separation and recovery system of the present invention.

  Compared to the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1, the ion separation and recovery system 1B shown in FIG. 3 further includes a pulse power source 40B in addition to the DC power source 40A, and electrophoretic ion separation. Instead of the recovery device 10, an electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device 10B is used. The electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10B is provided with four independent electrode pairs 12, and the electrode spacing for each electrode pair 12 is independently controlled by an adjuster 72 provided for each electrode pair 12. is there.

  The ion separation / recovery system 1B shown as the third embodiment in FIG. 3 and the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1 are other than the pulse power supply 40B and the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10B. Since the configuration is the same, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations in the ion separation and recovery system 1B shown in FIG. 3 and the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the description of the configuration and operation is omitted or simplified. .

The pulse power source 40B is the same as the pulse power source 40B of the ion separation and recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG.
In the ion separation and recovery system 1 </ b> B shown in FIG. 3, a DC power supply 40 </ b> A and a pulse power supply 40 </ b> B are used in combination as the external power supply 40.

  An electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10B is an independent electrode pair instead of one electrode pair 12 in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 constituting the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. In addition, four adjusters 12 are provided, and each electrode pair 12 is provided with an adjuster 72, and the electrode spacing control for each electrode pair 12 is independently performed by the adjuster 72.

  Of the four electrode pairs 12, 12, 12, 12 provided independently, application voltage control is performed on some electrode pairs by the DC power supply 40 </ b> A, and application voltage control is performed on the remaining electrode pairs by the pulse power supply 40 </ b> B. Is to be done.

  That is, among the four electrode pairs 12, 12, 12, 12 provided independently, in order from the upstream side in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device 10, that is, from the left side in FIG. A DC power supply 40A applies a voltage to the first and third two electrode pairs 12 and 12, and a pulse power supply 40B applies a voltage to the remaining second and fourth two electrode pairs 12 and 12. It can be done.

  Further, the adjuster 72 provided in each electrode pair 12 is controlled by the control unit 60 independently of the electrode interval.

<Action>
The operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1B will be described. The operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1B shown in FIG. 3 as the third embodiment is further improved in addition to the DC power supply 40A as compared to the operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. Since the operation other than the provision of the pulse power supply 40B and the use of the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10B instead of the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10 are the same, the description of the operation is omitted or simplified.

  First, the processing target solution 80 is stored in the raw water tank 30 of the ion separation / recovery system 1B, and the pump 37 is further operated so that the processing target solution 80 in the raw water tank 30 is electrophoresed via the introduction line 34. It introduces into the separation and recovery device 10B. Up to this point, the operation is the same as that of the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG.

  When the solution 80 to be treated is introduced into the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10B, between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 for the four electrode pairs 12, using the DC power supply 40A and the pulse power supply 40B. In addition, a predetermined voltage for performing the electrophoresis process is applied.

  Specifically, of the four electrode pairs 12, 12, 12, 12 provided independently, the upstream side in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device 10, that is, the left side in FIG. 3. The DC power supply 40A applies a voltage to the first and third two electrode pairs 12 and 12 in order, and the pulse power supply 40B applies to the remaining second and fourth two electrode pairs 12 and 12. Apply voltage.

  The method of applying a voltage to the DC power supply 40A is the same as the operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1, and the method of applying a voltage to the pulse power supply 40B is shown in FIG. Since this is the same as the operation of the ion separation and recovery system 1A shown as the embodiment, description of the operation is omitted.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1B, the first solution 81 is generated in the vicinity of the first electrode 13 and the second solution 82 in the vicinity of the second electrode 14 in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery apparatus 10B. Is generated.

  The first solution 81 in the electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 10B is discharged from the first discharge unit 17, flows through the first discharge line 35, and is collected in the first liquid tank 31. Further, the second solution 82 in the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 </ b> B is discharged from the second discharge unit 18, flows through the second discharge line 36, and is collected in the second liquid tank 32.

  During the operation of the ion separation / recovery system 1B, the measurement unit 50, that is, the monitors 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D is selected in the same manner as the action of the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. Using one or more measuring units 50, the liquid management parameter is measured for the in-system flow liquid.

  Information on the liquid management parameters measured by one or more measurement units 50 selected from the monitors 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D is transmitted to the control unit 60 that is electrically connected to the measurement unit 50.

  Based on the information on the liquid management parameter transmitted from the measurement unit 50, the control unit 60 performs the calculation step and the determination step similarly to the operation of the ion separation recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. And a control step.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1B, the DC power supply 40A applies a voltage to a part of the electrode pairs 12 among the four electrode pairs 12, 12, 12, and 12 provided independently, and the remaining electrode pairs. 12, the pulse power supply 40B applies a voltage.

  For this reason, when the applied voltage control is performed in the control step, the applied voltage control is performed by the DC power supply 40A for some electrode pairs 12, and the applied voltage control is performed by the pulse power supply 40B for the remaining electrode pairs 12.

  Further, in the ion separation / recovery system 1B, electrode spacing control for each electrode pair 12 is independently performed by an adjuster 72 provided for each electrode pair 12. For this reason, when the electrode interval control is performed in the control step, the electrode interval control for each electrode pair 12 is performed independently.

In the control unit 60, calculation step, by performing the determination step and a control step, the degree of separation ion separation and recovery system 1, calculation step from the separation D ₁ of the before performing the determination step and a control step, separation specifications D separability can be changed to D ₂ in the numerical range of _0, it is possible to adjust the degree of separation.

<Effect of this embodiment>
According to the ion separation / recovery system 1B, the same effect as the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1 and the same as the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. Has an effect.

  Further, according to the ion separation and recovery system 1B, four electrode pairs 12 including the electrode pair 12 that is applied voltage control by the DC power supply 40A and the electrode pair 12 that is applied voltage control by the pulse power supply 40B, Since the electrode interval control is performed independently for each electrode pair 12, the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1 and the ion separation and recovery system shown as the second embodiment in FIG. Compared with 1A, more accurate applied voltage control and electrode interval control are possible.

  Therefore, according to the ion separation and recovery system 1B, compared to the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1 and the ion separation and recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. It becomes easy to maintain high ion separation efficiency by electrophoresis treatment.

  In the ion separation and recovery system 1B shown in FIG. 3 as the third embodiment, four electrode pairs 12 are provided. However, in the ion separation and recovery system of the present invention, the number of electrode pairs 12 is two. The number can be any number as described above.

  Further, in the ion separation / recovery system 1B shown as the third embodiment in FIG. 3, of the four electrode pairs 12, 12, 12, 12, the upstream in the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10B. The DC power supply 40A applies a voltage to the first and third two electrode pairs 12 and 12 in order from the side, and the pulse power supply 40B applies to the remaining second and fourth two electrode pairs 12 and 12. Can be applied with a voltage.

  However, in the ion separation and recovery system of the present invention, the number of electrode pairs 12 to which the DC power supply 40A applies a voltage, the position of the electrode pair 12 in the electrophoresis container 11, and the electrode pair 12 to which the pulse power supply 40B applies a voltage. And the position of the electrode pair 12 in the electrophoresis container 11 can be arbitrarily selected.

  Furthermore, the ion separation and recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1, the ion separation and recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. 2, and the ion separation shown as the third embodiment in FIG. The recovery system 1B is provided with 50A, 50B, 50C, and 50D as the measurement unit 50, but the ion separation and recovery system of the present invention only needs to be provided with two or more of these measurement units 50. .

  Further, the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1, the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. 2, and the ion separation shown as the third embodiment in FIG. In the recovery system 1B, the monitor 50B as the measurement unit 50 is provided on the downstream side of the inside of the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 or 10B. The monitor 50B may be provided on the upstream side of the middle of the electrophoresis container 11 of the electrophoresis ion separation / recovery device 10 or 10B.

  Furthermore, in the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1 and the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. 2, one electrode pair 12 is provided.

  However, in the ion separation / recovery system of the present invention, the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment and the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment are also shown in FIG. Similarly to the ion separation / recovery system 1 </ b> B shown as, a plurality of electrode pairs 12 that can be independently controlled by the adjuster 72 may be provided.

  Further, the ion separation / recovery system 1 shown as the first embodiment in FIG. 1, the ion separation / recovery system 1A shown as the second embodiment in FIG. 2, and the ion separation shown as the third embodiment in FIG. In the collection system 1B, the electrophoresis container 11 is a cylindrical container having a rectangular cross section, but in the ion separation and collection system of the present invention, the shape of the electrophoresis container 11 is not particularly limited.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

1, 1A, 1B Ion separation / recovery system 10, 10B Electrophoretic ion separation / recovery device 11 Electrophoresis container 12 Electrode pair 13 First electrode 14 Second electrode 15 Introduction part 17 First discharge part 18 Second discharge part 21 Separation upstream region 22 Interelectrode region 23 First separation downstream region 24 Second separation downstream region 30 Raw water tank 31 First liquid tank 32 Second liquid tank 34 Introduction line 35 First discharge line 36 Second discharge line 37 Pump 40 External power supply 40A DC power supply (External power supply)
40B pulse power supply (external power supply)
41 Voltmeter 42 Ammeter 50 Measurement unit 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D Monitor (measurement unit)
60 Control unit 71 Liquid temperature adjusting mechanism 72 Adjuster 80 Solution to be treated 81 First solution 82 Second solution 84 Cation 85 Anion

Claims (11)

An electrode pair to which a voltage is applied is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the introduced solution to be treated is subjected to an electrophoretic treatment, thereby containing ions localized near the first electrode. An electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device for separating and discharging into one solution and a second solution containing ions localized in the vicinity of the second electrode;
One or more liquid management parameters selected from ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate and liquid temperature are measured for one or more in-system flow liquids selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution. A measuring section;
Selected from the flow rate control and liquid temperature control of one or more kinds of liquid flowing through the system selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution, the applied voltage control of the electrode pair, and the electrode spacing control of the electrode pair A control unit that performs one or more types of control,
An ion separation and recovery system comprising: A raw water tank for storing a solution to be treated introduced into the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device;
A first liquid tank for storing the first solution discharged from the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device;
A second liquid tank for storing the second solution discharged from the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device;
The ion separation and recovery system according to claim 1, comprising: The controller is
Calculating the degree of separation of ions in one or more in-system flow liquids selected from the first solution and the second solution based on the measured value of the liquid management parameter measured by the measurement unit;
It is determined whether or not the calculated separation degree is within a numerical range of a predetermined separation degree specification value,
When the calculated degree of separation is outside the numerical value range of the preset degree of separation specification value, so that the calculated degree of separation falls within the numerical value range of the preset degree of separation specification value, Selected from the flow rate control and liquid temperature control of one or more kinds of liquid flowing through the system selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution, the applied voltage control of the electrode pair, and the electrode spacing control of the electrode pair The ion separation and recovery system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more types of control are performed. The measuring unit is
Among the processing target solutions, the processing target solution present in an inter-electrode region located between the first electrode and the second electrode in the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device,
Of the processing target solution, a processing target solution existing in a separation upstream region that is upstream of the electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device and in which the processing target solution flows,
Of the first solution, the first solution present in the first separation downstream region, which is the region downstream of the electrophoretic ion separation and recovery device and through which the first solution flows, and of the second solution, the electric A second solution present in a second separation downstream region, which is a region downstream from the migrating ion separation and recovery device and through which the second solution flows;
The ion separation and recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ion separation and recovery system is arranged to measure a liquid management parameter of one or more kinds of in-system flow liquids selected from the above. The measurement unit is a thermometer provided in the inter-electrode region or the separation upstream region,
The liquid management parameter is the liquid temperature of the solution to be treated existing in the inter-electrode region or the separation upstream region,
The ion separation recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control unit performs a liquid temperature control of the solution to be processed existing in the separation upstream region. The measurement unit is an ion concentration meter provided in the separation upstream region,
The liquid management parameter is an ion concentration of the processing target solution existing in the separation upstream region,
The ion control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit performs electrode interval control of the electrode pair. The ion separation recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the external power source for applying a voltage to the electrode pair is a direct current power source. 8. The ion separation and recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the external power source for applying a voltage to the electrode pair is a pulsed power source that is repeatedly driven at 1 kHz or more. The ion separation recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of the electrode pairs are provided, and electrode spacing control of each electrode pair is performed independently. A plurality of the electrode pairs are provided, and among the plurality of electrode pairs, some of the electrode pairs are subjected to application voltage control by the DC power supply, and the remaining electrode pairs are subjected to application voltage control by the pulse power supply. The ion separation and recovery system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: An electrode pair to which a voltage is applied is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the introduced solution to be treated is subjected to an electrophoretic treatment, thereby containing ions localized near the first electrode. Using an electrophoresis ion separation and recovery device that separates and discharges one solution and a second solution containing ions localized in the vicinity of the second electrode,
One or more liquid management parameters selected from ion concentration, conductivity, flow rate and liquid temperature are measured for one or more in-system flow liquids selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution. Steps,
Selected from the flow rate control and liquid temperature control of one or more kinds of liquid flowing through the system selected from the solution to be treated, the first solution and the second solution, the applied voltage control of the electrode pair, and the electrode spacing control of the electrode pair Performing one or more types of control,
An ion separation and recovery method comprising:

Images