JP2012523373A - Carbon dioxide purification apparatus for recovering carbon dioxide from exhaust gas mixed with combustible impurities, and method for recovering high purity carbon dioxide using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for recovering carbon dioxide using pure oxygen, and uses a combustion system using pure oxygen to remove exhaust gas containing combustible impurities, and uses high-purity dioxide. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing and recovering carbon. The present invention relates to a combustion device for burning VOC in exhaust gas mixed with combustible impurities, an external air suction blower and a burner for raising the internal temperature of the combustion device, and a pressure for exhaust gas. Pressure reducing valve, mixer for mixing exhaust gas with pure oxygen, O ₂ measuring device and O ₂ supply device, LEL (Low Explosive Limit) for measuring the concentration of VOC in the process exhaust gas; lowest explosion (Limit) measuring device, auxiliary fuel supply device, a recycle blower and a heat exchanger for removing moisture in the burned gas and heating inflow waste gas.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide purification apparatus for recovering carbon dioxide from exhaust gas mixed with flammable impurities, and a high-purity carbon dioxide recovery method using the same, and combustible using pure oxygen. The present invention relates to an apparatus for highly purifying carbon dioxide by efficiently burning exhaust gas containing volatile impurities and recovering the same, and a method for recovering high-purity carbon dioxide using the apparatus.

  In recent years, various combustion technologies have been applied to treat waste gas emitted from chemical processes and other various product production processes, including direct combustion, catalytic combustion, and regenerative combustion. Methods are used. In the case of a normal combustion method, the purpose is to treat VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) discharged by mixing with general air, and VOC is contained in the mixed gas during the combustion process. It reacts with oxygen and is converted into carbon dioxide and water and discharged into the atmosphere.

However, when the carbon dioxide content of the exhaust gas discharged is as high as 90% or more as in the OMEGA process, a large amount of CO ₂ is discharged into the atmosphere when such waste gas is processed by a normal combustion method. And may be the main cause of accelerating global warming.

  The OMEGA process (licensor: Shell) is a new process for producing EG (Ethylene Glycol: ethylene glycol). In 2008, the world's first commercial production facility was completed in South Korea. EG production process (Licensor: Scientific Design) has the following differences.

  In the case of an existing process, in addition to MEG (Mono Ethylene Glycol: Monoethylene Glycol) to be produced, DEG (Di Ethylene Glycol: Diethylene Glycol), TEG (Tri Ethylene Glycol: Triethylene Glycol), PEG (Poly Ethylene Glycol: Polyethylene Glycol) Glycol) and the like are additionally produced, and additional costs are required for their purification. On the other hand, the OMEGA process has an advantage that productivity is much higher because only MEG is produced. In addition, the OMEGA process uses not only a small amount of utility, but also reduces the amount of wastewater generated by 30% compared to the existing process, making it a very competitive process. In the future, the existing process will be gradually replaced by the OMEGA process.

  However, the OMEGA process has the following disadvantages compared to the existing process.

The waste gas discharged in the existing process has a CO ₂ content of 99% or more and can be recovered and used immediately. However, the exhaust gas in the OMEGA process has a CO ₂ content of 97%. The remainder includes EO (Ethylene Oxide: ethylene oxide), acetaldehyde (Acetaldehyde), ethylene (Ethylene), methane (Methane), and the like. Even if such waste gas contains CO ₂ at a high concentration, it still contains harmful substances such as VOC, so exhaust gas is immediately recovered due to problems such as bad odors generated from these harmful substances. Thus, it is difficult to use CO ₂ , and it is very expensive and technically difficult to separate and collect only CO ₂ separately.

In fact, Shell, a licensor of the OMEGA process, is designed so that the exhaust gas of the OMEGA process is sent to a waste heat boiler, incinerated, and then discharged to the atmosphere. However, if the gas discharged from the OMEGA process is burned by a waste heat boiler and then discharged to the atmosphere, a large amount of CO ₂ is released to the atmosphere, so it is only contrary to the recent low-carbon green growth trend. In addition, it may cause the problem of weighting global warming as well as waste of renewable resources.

In addition, in the case of a pure oxygen combustion boiler that has been actively researched in recent years, it is a technology that uses oxygen that excludes nitrogen in the air as an oxidant, and a glass melting furnace that mainly uses fossil fuels, It is used for the purpose of recovering CO ₂ discharged from steel heating furnaces and boilers.

  However, this is a technology for continuously supplying fossil fuel and pure oxygen to continuously maintain the flame of the burner. In the pure oxygen combustion technology, durability of the material becomes a problem due to a high flame temperature (3050K). There is a fear. In particular, when exhaust gas is discharged at a high pressure as in the OMEGA process mentioned above, the pressure of the combustion furnace may be high during combustion, making it impossible to ignite the burner. Therefore, in such an environment, since the waste gas must be burned in a state where the burner is not ignited in the combustion furnace, the pure oxygen combustion technology used in the glass melting furnace, the steel heating furnace, the boiler, etc. It is difficult to apply to a process with such a high discharge pressure.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide purification apparatus capable of combustion even in a low temperature range, and a method using the same. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering high-purity carbon dioxide in which the durability of the material does not become a problem even when exhaust gas is burned using oxygen.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide purification apparatus including a combustion furnace in which a burner does not need to be continuously ignited so that a high pressure is formed during combustion. It is an object to provide a method capable of safely and effectively recovering a large amount of CO ₂ generated from CO2.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can safely purify and recover CO ₂ generated in the OMEGA process.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an eco-friendly process as well as an economic benefit by effectively recovering and using CO ₂ generated in the OMEGA process. There is.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a method for recovering high purity carbon dioxide from exhaust gas mixed with flammable impurities according to the present invention comprises a high concentration of CO ₂ of 90% or more, and VOC and oxygen as the balance. The pure oxygen combustion method is used to purify CO ₂ so that the waste gas containing it has an oxygen concentration of 1.2 to 2%, a VOC concentration of 10,000 to 20000 ppm, and the balance being carbon dioxide. It is a method for purifying CO ₂ .

Also, the waste gas containing VOC and oxygen as CO ₂ and the balance of a high concentration of the more than 90%, characterized in that it is a waste gas generated by OMEGA process.

As another means for solving the above-described problems, a carbon dioxide purification apparatus for recovering carbon dioxide from exhaust gas mixed with flammable impurities according to the present invention is as follows. A pressure reducing valve for lowering to 0 kg / cm ² or less, a pure oxygen supply device for supplying pure oxygen, an auxiliary fuel supply device for supplying auxiliary fuel to the inflowing gas, and a blower for raising the temperature of the combustion device And a process gas inflow portion including an inflow O ₂ measuring device and an LEL measuring device for measuring concentrations of O ₂ and VOC in the inflow gas, and b) a burner for raising the temperature inside the combustion device, A combustion chamber for burning VOC in the inflowing gas, a heat storage material layer for storing combustion heat, a fuel supply device for supplying fuel to the burner at the time of temperature rise, and a temperature of the combustion chamber Temperature measuring device and fuel A processing gas combustion section including a bypass damper for preventing excessive Atsushi Nobori of the chamber, c) a discharge O ₂ meter and a temperature measuring device for measuring the concentration and temperature of the O ₂ in the combusted gas, is burned It includes a recirculation blower that sends gas to the inflow portion again, and a combustion gas discharge portion that includes a heat exchanger.

In addition, the controller includes a controller that adjusts the opening and closing of the valve so that the supply amount of O ₂ is adjusted according to the signal of the inflow O ₂ measuring device.

  The auxiliary fuel may be any one of LPG, LNG, methane, and butane.

  Further, the present invention includes a controller that adjusts the opening and closing of the valve so that the supply amount of the auxiliary fuel is adjusted according to the signals of the LEL measuring device and the temperature measuring device.

  The temperature raising blower and the burner are operated only when the temperature of the combustion device is raised, and when the process gas flows into the combustion device after the combustion device reaches the target temperature, the temperature raising blower and the burner are not operated any more. To do.

  Further, the combustion apparatus includes RTO (Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer), RCO (Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer), TO (Thermal Oxidizer), CTO (Catalytic Thermal Oxidizer). Device).

  The controller further includes a controller that adjusts opening and closing of the bypass damper in accordance with a signal from a temperature measurement device installed in the combustion chamber.

  In addition, a controller for adjusting the operation of the recycle blower according to signals from the LEL measuring device and the temperature measuring device is included.

  In addition, a moisture removing device and a strainer are installed in front of the combustion device to prevent moisture and debris contained in the waste gas from flowing into the combustion device.

  In addition, when the temperature rise is completed, the external air flowing in through the temperature raising blower is used for cooling the internal disk of the bypass damper.

  In addition, when the temperature rise is completed, the operation of the burner is stopped, the backfire prevention valve is opened, and the waste gas before being depressurized is introduced for burner protection to prevent backfire and explosion. Features.

Also, install a PC system that can control the instrument device so that the oxygen concentration of the exhaust O ₂ measuring device and the temperature of the temperature measuring device and the VOC concentration of the LEL measuring device can be maintained within a certain range. Features.

  Further, the predetermined range is that the oxygen concentration is 1.2 to 2%, the temperature of the temperature measuring device is in the range of 700 ° C. to 880 ° C., and the VOC concentration of the LEL measuring device is 10000 to 20000 ppm. Features.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent harmful substances from being discharged to the outside by effectively removing the combustible impurities from the exhaust gas mixed with combustible impurities.

Further, according to the present invention, by efficiently recovering a large amount of CO ₂ generated from the exhaust gas of the manufacturing process, an economically advantageous process can be provided and environmental pollution due to the discharge of carbon dioxide can be prevented. .

In addition, according to the present invention, by providing a method for purifying CO ₂ generated in the OMEGA process, the disadvantages of the process are improved and the OMEGA process can be used safely and efficiently.

It is a block diagram of the highly purified apparatus of the carbon dioxide by this invention.

An apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide from exhaust gas mixed with flammable impurities using pure oxygen according to the present invention is formed in a main body and the main body, and the VOC in the process exhaust gas is 300 to 990 ° C. A combustion apparatus including a combustion chamber for burning in a range, an external air suction blower for raising the temperature of the combustion apparatus, and a temperature for raising the temperature inside the combustion apparatus to a target temperature range of 300 to 990 ° C. Burner, pressure reducing valve for reducing exhaust gas pressure to 1.0 kg / cm ² or less, mixer for mixing pure oxygen into process exhaust gas, and O ₂ measurement for measuring oxygen concentration and _{O 2} supply device valve is regulated by measurement of vessels and _{O 2} meter, LEL for measuring the concentration of VOC in the process exhaust gas (Low explosive Limit: minimum explosive limit ) Measuring device, auxiliary fuel supply device whose fuel supply is additionally adjusted according to the temperature of the combustion chamber and the value of the LEL measuring device, and the combusted gas transferred again to the inlet to prevent overheating of the combustion device And a heat exchanger for removing moisture in the burned gas.

Hereinafter, the CO ₂ purification apparatus using pure oxygen according to the present invention will be described in detail through examples.

  In the present embodiment, the gas exhausted in the OMEGA process 100 is taken as an example of exhaust gas containing combustible impurities, but the present invention is a waste containing 10% or less combustible impurities and 90% or more carbon dioxide. It can be applied to any process of exhausting gas.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to the present invention for burning waste gas discharged from a manufacturing process. The combustion apparatus 140 shown in FIG. 1 ignites the burner 230 using auxiliary fuel (LPG, LNG, methane, butane, etc.) in order to raise the internal temperature of the combustion apparatus 140 during operation. Therefore, oxygen necessary for the above is supplied through the external air suction blowers 130 and 210 to raise the internal temperature of the combustion apparatus to a target value (300 to 990 ° C.).

  Combustion devices include RTO (Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer: Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer), RCO (Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer), TO (Thermal Oxidizer: Thermal Oxidizer), CTO (Catalytic Oxidizer). Can be used.

  When the in-furnace temperature of the combustion apparatus 140 is raised to a target value (300 to 990 ° C.), the operation of the burner 230 is stopped, and the process air flow is performed while the external air supply valve 212 connected to the external air suction fan 210 is closed. The automatic valve 111 is opened, and the waste gas discharged from the OMEGA (Only MEG Advanced) process 100 is transferred to the combustion device 140.

  At this time, the external air sucked through the external air suction blower 210 is used exclusively for cooling the internal disk of the bypass damper 145 while the external air supply valve 212 is closed, and the bypass damper 145 exposed to a high temperature. Can be prevented from overheating.

In order to reduce the pressure of the waste gas transferred to the combustion device 140 to 1.0 kg / cm ² or less, a pressure reducing valve 112 is installed in the inflow duct 134 so that the combustion device 140 can be stably operated. . In addition, in order to protect the process production equipment due to the pressure increase, a rupture disk 133 is installed so that the waste gas is discharged to the atmosphere when the pressure of the inflow duct 134 becomes 1.9 kg / cm ² or more. did. Further, when an abnormality is detected in the operation of the combustion device 140, the process gas inflow automatic valve 111 is closed by the automatic interruption mode, the emergency valve 110 is opened, and the emergency gas is discharged before the waste gas flows into the combustion device 140. Safety was ensured by discharging.

  In addition, although not shown in the drawings, a moisture removal device and a strainer may be installed in front of the combustion device to prevent moisture and debris contained in the waste gas from flowing into the combustion device. it can.

  If the operation of the burner 230 is stopped after the temperature rise is completed, there is a risk that the combustion gas may flash back to the ignition part of the burner 230 and explode due to the pressure of the waste gas flowing into the combustion device 140. The backfire prevention valve 211 was opened, and the waste gas before being depressurized was introduced to protect the burner 230 to prevent backfire and explosion.

When the burner 230 and the external air suction fans 130 and 210 are stopped, oxygen necessary for combustion of the waste gas discharged from the process is supplied as pure oxygen, and the waste gas is supplied from the mixer box 122 through the automatic valve 121 for pure oxygen supply. And pure oxygen were mixed. The supply amount of pure oxygen is automatically adjusted through the pure oxygen supply automatic valve 121 according to the value measured by the inflow O ₂ measuring device 132 with respect to the gas mixed in the mixer box 122, and the LEL measuring device 131. The amount of auxiliary fuel supplied through the auxiliary fuel supply valve 220 is adjusted according to the VOC concentration of waste gas and the temperature of the combustion chamber.

The waste gas passes through the heat storage material layer 141 while flowing into the combustion device 140, is heated, and burned at the furnace temperature (300 to 990 ° C.), and only high-purity CO ₂ is discharged from the exhaust duct 144. Discharged. In order to complement the point that waste gas remaining in the heat storage material layer 141 without flowing into the furnace in the heat storage and heat dissipation process of the combustion device is discharged in an untreated state, and the efficiency of combustion is reduced. The processing efficiency is maximized by forcibly exhausting the unprocessed gas remaining in the heat storage material layer 141 with the purge air through the purge blower 160 and flowing it into the inflow duct 134 for reprocessing. Configured.

  When the VOC concentration of the waste gas flowing into the combustion device 140 is high and the temperature in the furnace rises above a certain temperature, the temperature in the combustion device 140 is stably maintained by automatically opening and closing the bypass damper 145. The discharged hot gas is cooled by the heat exchanger 180.

Depending on the VOC concentration of the waste gas through the LEL measuring device 131 and the temperature of the combustion chamber, the recycle blower 170 is operated to prevent the combustion device 140 from being overheated and a part of the processed high-temperature high-purity CO ₂ gas flows in. It was made to flow again into the duct 134 and mixed with the waste gas so that the combustion was made smooth and stable by using the preheating and VOC concentration dilution effects.

High purity CO ₂ discharged from the combustion device 140, it passes through the heat exchanger 180 for cooling and moisture removal, high purity CO ₂ which has passed through the heat exchanger 180, the recovery (recycling) Equipment Be transported. At this time, the heat exchanger 180 can also be used for the purpose of increasing the temperature of the waste gas flowing into the combustion furnace.

In order to send it to a high-purity CO ₂ recovery facility, the oxygen concentration of the exhaust O ₂ measuring device 143, the temperature of the temperature measuring device 142, and the VOC concentration of the LEL measuring device 131 are all in the normal range (exhaust O ₂ The oxygen concentration of the measuring device 143: 1.2 to 2% / the temperature of the temperature measuring device 142: 700 ° C. to 880 ° C./the VOC concentration of the LEL measuring device 131: 10,000 to 20000 ppm). The normal range is an appropriate level at which carbon dioxide can be recovered and reused. In order to manage the normal range, a PC system 300 capable of controlling the instrument device is installed so that the concentration and each temperature can be controlled within the normal range. In the normal range state, the recovery (recycle) transfer valve 181 is opened and sent to the recovery facility, and in the abnormal range state, the atmospheric discharge valve 182 is opened and the processing gas is discharged to the atmosphere.

  The present invention is not limited only to the above-described preferred embodiments, and can be implemented with various improvements, changes, substitutions or additions within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. Those who have ordinary knowledge in can easily understand. If such improvements, changes, substitutions, or additions fall within the scope of the following appended claims, the technical idea thereof is also considered to belong to the present invention.

100 OMEGA process 110 emergency valve 111 process gas inflow automatic valve 112 pressure reducing valve 120 pure oxygen reservoir 121 pure oxygen supply valve 122 mixer box 130 external air suction blower 131 LEL measuring device 132 inflow O ₂ measuring device 133 bursting disk 134 inflow duct 140 combustor 141 heat storage material layer 142 temperature measuring device 143 discharged _{O 2} measuring 144 exhaust duct 145 bypass damper 146 bypass duct 150 distribution plate reducer 160 purge blower 170 recycle blower 180 heat exchanger 181 recovered (recycled) transfer valve 182 air Discharge valve 200 Auxiliary fuel reservoir 201 Auxiliary fuel shutoff valve 210 External air suction blower 211 Backfire prevention valve 212 External air supply valve 220 Auxiliary fuel supply valve 230 Burner 300 PC system

Claims (15)

90% or more of high-concentration CO ₂ and waste gas containing VOC and oxygen as the balance until the oxygen concentration is 1.2 to 2%, the concentration of VOC is 10,000 to 20000 ppm, and the balance is carbon dioxide A method for purifying carbon dioxide, which purifies CO ₂ using a pure oxygen combustion method.   The method for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 1, wherein the waste gas is waste gas generated by an OMEGA process. a) a pressure reducing valve for reducing the pressure of the inflowing gas to 1.0 kg / cm ² or less;
A pure oxygen supply device for supplying pure oxygen;
An auxiliary fuel supply device for supplying auxiliary fuel to the inflow gas;
A blower for heating the combustion device;
An inflow O ₂ measuring device and an LEL measuring device for measuring the concentration of O ₂ and VOC in the inflow gas;
A process gas inlet including
b) a burner for raising the temperature inside the combustion device;
A combustion chamber for burning VOC in the inflow gas;
A heat storage material layer for storing combustion heat;
A fuel supply device for supplying fuel to the burner when the temperature rises;
A temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of the combustion chamber;
A bypass damper to prevent overheating of the combustion chamber;
A process gas combustion section including:
c) an exhaust O ₂ measuring device and a temperature measuring device for measuring the concentration and temperature of O _{2 in} the burned gas;
A recirculation blower that sends the burned gas to the inlet again;
A heat exchanger,
A combustion gas exhaust including
An apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide, comprising: The high purity of carbon dioxide according to claim 3, further comprising a controller that adjusts opening and closing of the valve so that the supply amount of O ₂ is adjusted according to a signal of the inflow O ₂ measuring device. Device.   The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 3, wherein any one of LPG, LNG, methane, and butane is used as the auxiliary fuel.   The carbon dioxide gas according to claim 3, further comprising a controller that adjusts opening and closing of the valve so that the supply amount of the auxiliary fuel is adjusted according to signals of the LEL measuring device and the temperature measuring device. High purity equipment.   The temperature raising blower and the burner are operated only when the temperature of the combustion device is raised, and when the process gas flows into the combustion device after the combustion device reaches the target temperature, the temperature raising blower and the burner are not operated any more. The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 3.   The combustion apparatus includes RTO (Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer), RCO (Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer), TO (Thermal Oxidizer), CTO (Catalytic Oxidizer). The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 3, which is any one of the above.   4. The carbon dioxide purification apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a controller that adjusts opening and closing of the bypass damper in accordance with a signal from a temperature measurement device installed in the combustion chamber.   The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 3, further comprising a controller that adjusts the operation of the recycle blower in accordance with signals from the LEL measuring device and the temperature measuring device.   The carbon dioxide according to claim 3, wherein a moisture removing device and a strainer are installed in front of the combustion device to prevent moisture and debris contained in the waste gas from flowing into the combustion device. High purity equipment.   4. The high purity of carbon dioxide according to claim 3, wherein when the temperature rise is completed, the external air introduced through the temperature raising blower is used for cooling the internal disk of the bypass damper. Device.   When the temperature rise is completed, the operation of the burner is stopped, the backfire prevention valve is opened, and the waste gas before being depressurized is introduced for burner protection to prevent backfire and explosion. The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 3, characterized in that it is characterized in that: A PC system capable of controlling the instrument device is installed so that the oxygen concentration of the exhaust O ₂ measuring device and the temperature of the temperature measuring device and the VOC concentration of the LEL measuring device can be maintained within a certain range. The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 3. The predetermined range is characterized in that the oxygen concentration is 1.2 to 2%, the temperature of the temperature measuring device is in the range of 700 ° C. to 880 ° C., and the VOC concentration of the LEL measuring device is 10,000 to 20000 ppm. The apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide according to claim 14.

Images