JP2012243579A - Lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting device having a prolonged emergency lighting time.SOLUTION: The lighting device 100 is provided with a light source 3, a lighting circuit 14 for lighting the light source 3 by power supplied by a commercial power source 1, a battery power source 16 for storing power from the commercial power source 1, and an emergency lighting circuit 18 for performing emergency lighting of the light source 3 by stored power of the battery power source 16 when the power supply from the commercial power source 1 is stopped. The device is further provided with an auxiliary battery power source 42 for storing power generated by a piezoelectric element 5, and when the light source 3 is turned on in emergency, the light source 3 is provided with the stored power from the battery power source 16 and the auxiliary battery power source 42 respectively to turn on the light source 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device that turns on a light source that is turned on by power from a commercial power source by using stored power from a battery power source when power supply from the commercial power source is stopped.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a lighting device in which a lamp, a lighting circuit that lights the lamp with power from a commercial power source, and a battery power source that supplies power to the lamp in the event of a power failure of the commercial power source are known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-8417

However, in the above-described conventional configuration, since the lamp that is lit by the power of the commercial power source is lit by the power stored in the battery power source in an emergency, the emergency lighting time is relatively short.
This invention is made | formed in view of the situation mentioned above, and aims at providing the illuminating device which lengthened emergency lighting time.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a light source, a lighting circuit that turns on the light source by power supply from a commercial power source, a battery power source that stores power of the commercial power source, and a power supply of the commercial power source. And an emergency lighting circuit that emergency-lights the light source with the stored power of the battery power source when the power source is stopped. The lighting device includes an auxiliary battery power source that stores power generated by the piezoelectric element. The power stored in each of the battery power source and the auxiliary battery power source is supplied to the light source to turn on the light source.

  In the above-described configuration, the device may be configured as a tunnel installation type, and the piezoelectric element may generate electric power by receiving a pressure of wind pressure and sound pressure accompanying traveling of a vehicle in the tunnel, or other vibration force.

  According to the present invention, an auxiliary battery power source that stores electric power generated by a piezoelectric element is provided, and the stored power of each of the battery power source and the auxiliary battery power source is supplied to the light source to light the light source during emergency lighting of the light source. The emergency lighting time of the light source can be lengthened by the stored battery power of the auxiliary battery power source.

It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of the tunnel lighting fixture which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows lighting operation. It is a flowchart which shows charge stop operation | movement. It is a flowchart which shows discharge stop operation | movement. It is a flowchart which shows electric power auxiliary supply operation | movement. It is a figure which shows an example of the external appearance structure of a tunnel lighting fixture. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of the tunnel lighting fixture which concerns on the modification of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, as a lighting device, a tunnel lighting device that is provided in a tunnel and illuminates a street surface will be exemplified.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a tunnel lighting apparatus according to the present embodiment.
The tunnel lighting device 100 is connected to an AC commercial power source 1 and is supplied with electric power from the commercial power source 1. When the operation of the commercial power source 1 is stopped, electric power is supplied from the battery power source 16. A commercial power source 1 is connected to a power source device 10 and a light source 3. The power supply device 10 includes two input terminals T1 and T2. The light source 3 includes one or a plurality (six in this embodiment) of LEDs 4.

The active side of the commercial power supply 1 is connected to the input terminal T1 of the power supply device 10, and the ground side of the commercial power supply 1 is connected to the input terminal T2 of the power supply device 10. In FIG. 1, symbols G1 and G2 are grounds.
The input terminals T1 and T2 of the power supply device 10 have an input circuit 11 that removes noise from the power supply voltage of the commercial power supply 1 and suppresses inrush current, and rectifies the power supply voltage from which noise has been removed by rectifying it into a DC voltage. The smoothing unit 12 and a switching power supply 13 that outputs four DC voltages are connected. Between the input circuit 11 and the input terminal T1, a fuse 71 is inserted as a protection circuit that protects the circuit from excessive current input from the commercial power source 1.
Connected to the output side of the switching power supply 13 is a lighting circuit 14 that supplies power from the commercial power supply 1 to the light source 3 to light the light source 3 (always on). The lighting circuit 14 is connected to the light source 3 via a diode 72 for preventing reverse current, and is connected to an output terminal of an emergency lighting circuit 18 described later.

A charging circuit 17 that charges the battery power supply 16 by applying a DC voltage output from the switching power supply 13 to the battery power supply 16 is connected to the output side of the switching power supply 13. The charging circuit 17 is provided with an LED 73 for monitoring the state of charge. While the output voltage from the switching power supply 13 exceeds the drive threshold of the LED 73, that is, while the battery power supply 16 is being charged, the LED 73 is lit to notify that charging is being performed. The charging circuit 17 is connected to the battery power supply 16 via a diode 74 for preventing reverse current.
The battery power supply 16 stores electric power for turning on the light source 3 when power supply from the commercial power supply 1 to the light source 3 is stopped. For the battery power source 16, for example, a nickel / cadmium battery or a nickel metal hydride battery is preferably used.

  The battery power supply 16 includes an emergency lighting circuit 18 that supplies power from the battery power supply 16 to the light source 3 to light (emergency light) the light source 3, and a battery voltage detection circuit 20 that detects (monitors) the voltage of the battery power supply 16. Is connected. The battery voltage detection circuit 20 stops the supply of power to the battery power supply 16 by stopping the charging circuit 17 when the voltage of the battery power supply 16 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined overcharge protection voltage. This overcharge protection voltage is a voltage set to a value lower than the full charge voltage corresponding to the type of the battery power supply 16. That is, the battery voltage detection circuit 20 functions as an overcharge prevention unit that prevents the battery power supply 16 from being overcharged.

Specifically, the battery voltage detection circuit 20 includes photodiodes 23 and 24 that constitute a photocoupler, a transistor (switch element) 25, a constant voltage diode 26, and resistors 27 to 29. The emitter terminal of the transistor 25 is connected to the ground, the collector terminal is connected to the photodiodes 23 and 24, and the base terminal is connected to the constant voltage diode 26. The constant voltage diode 26 is connected to the battery power supply 16 in parallel.
Therefore, when the voltage of the battery power supply 16 becomes equal to or higher than the overcharge protection voltage and the voltage applied to the constant voltage diode 26 exceeds the Zener voltage, the transistor 25 is turned on and the photodiodes 23 and 24 are turned on. When the photodiode 23 is turned on, the battery voltage detection circuit 20 outputs a signal to the connection circuit 60 described later.
When the photodiode 24 is turned on, the battery voltage detection circuit 20 outputs a signal to the charging circuit 17 and stops the charging circuit 17, thereby stopping the supply of power to the battery power supply 16.

  The power supply apparatus 10 includes a switching control unit 19 and a switching circuit 30 that selectively switches the power source between the commercial power source 1 and the battery power source 16 based on an instruction from the switching control unit 19. The switching control unit 19 is connected to the output side of the rectifying / smoothing unit 12, monitors the output voltage of the rectifying / smoothing unit 12, and instructs the switching circuit 30 to switch the power source based on the output voltage. More specifically, while the output voltage of the rectifying / smoothing unit 12 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the switching control unit 19 outputs a signal to the switching circuit 30 and stops the switching circuit 30, so that the switching circuit 30 serves as a power source. An instruction is given to select the commercial power source 1. On the other hand, when the output voltage of the rectifying and smoothing unit 12 falls below a predetermined value, that is, when the power supply from the commercial power supply 1 is stopped, the switching control unit 19 stops outputting the signal to the switching circuit 30, The switching control unit 19 operates the switching circuit 30 to instruct the switching circuit 30 to select the battery power source 16 as a power source.

  The switching circuit 30 is stopped / actuated in accordance with the presence / absence of a signal output from the switching control unit 19, and activates the emergency lighting circuit 18 to illuminate the light source 3 in operation. Further, the switching circuit 30 stops when the discharge of the battery power supply 16 proceeds due to the emergency lighting of the light source 3 and the voltage of the battery power supply 16 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined discharge cutoff voltage. Thereby, the emergency lighting circuit 18 stops and the discharge of the battery power supply 16 stops. The discharge cutoff voltage is a voltage that prevents the battery power source 16 from discharging below the end voltage, that is, a so-called overdischarge state, and the end voltage is set to a higher voltage value. That is, the switching circuit 30 functions as overdischarge prevention means for preventing overdischarge of the battery power supply 16.

Specifically, the switching circuit 30 includes a constant voltage diode 31, a resistor 32, a thyristor 33, a phototransistor 34 constituting a photocoupler, and a capacitor 35. The cathode terminal of the thyristor 33 is connected to the ground, the anode terminal is connected to the constant voltage diode 31 via the resistor 32, and the gate terminal is connected to the phototransistor 34. The capacitor 35 is connected to the battery power supply 16 in parallel.
Therefore, when the power supply from the commercial power supply 1 is stopped and the output of the signal from the switching control unit 19 to the switching circuit 30 is stopped, the phototransistor 34 is turned off, and thus a voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the thyristor 33. . As a result, the emergency lighting circuit 18 is activated, and the voltage of the battery power supply 16 is applied to the light source 3 to cause emergency lighting.
When the voltage of the battery power supply 16 becomes equal to or lower than the overdischarge protection voltage and the voltage applied to the constant voltage diode 31 falls below the Zener voltage, the emergency lighting circuit 18 stops. Thereby, the supply of power from the battery power supply 16 to the light source 3 is stopped.

Further, the power supply device 10 is for realizing the function of supplying the power generated by one or a plurality of (one in the present embodiment) piezoelectric element 5 to the battery power supply 16 or the light source 3 and the battery power supply 16. It has a circuit. This circuit includes a conversion circuit 40 that converts an AC voltage output from the piezoelectric element 5 into a DC voltage, a booster circuit 50 that boosts the DC voltage, and a connection circuit 60 that connects the converter circuit 40 and the booster circuit 50. Configured.
The conversion circuit 40 includes a bridge diode 41 including four Schottky diodes, an electric double layer capacitor (auxiliary battery power source) 42, a constant voltage diode 43, and an electrolytic capacitor 44. The piezoelectric element 5 is connected to the input side of the bridge diode 41, and the electric double layer capacitor 42, the constant voltage diode 43, and the electrolytic capacitor 44 are connected in parallel to the output side of the bridge diode 41.

  Therefore, AC power generated by the piezoelectric element 5 receiving pressure fluctuation due to sound pressure or wind pressure from the outside (for example, an automobile or a railroad vehicle traveling in a tunnel) is rectified to DC power by the bridge diode 41 and is It is stored in the multilayer capacitor 42. When the electric storage of the electric double layer capacitor 42 progresses and exceeds a threshold voltage (zener voltage) determined by the constant voltage diode 43, the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 42 drops and overcharge of the electric double layer capacitor 42 is prevented. .

  The step-up circuit 50 includes a step-up DC-DC converter 51, an inductor 52, capacitors 53 and 54, and an electrolytic capacitor 55. The step-up DC-DC converter 51 is connected to the connection circuit 60 via the inductor 52 and is connected to the ground via the capacitor 53. A capacitor 54 and an electrolytic capacitor 55 are provided in parallel between the step-up DC-DC converter 51 and the battery power supply 16. The electrolytic capacitor 55 is connected to the battery power supply 16 via a diode 75 for preventing reverse current.

  The connection circuit 60 connects the conversion circuit 40 and the booster circuit 50 in accordance with a signal output from the battery voltage detection circuit 20, and includes a transistor (switch element) 61, resistors 62 and 63, and a transistor ( A switching element) 64, a phototransistor 65 that constitutes a photocoupler together with the photodiode 23 and is turned on / off in accordance with the presence or absence of a signal output from the battery voltage detection circuit 20, and resistors 66 and 67. The emitter terminal of the transistor 61 is connected to the conversion circuit 40, and the collector terminal is connected to the booster circuit 50. The emitter terminal of the transistor 61 is connected to the base terminal via the resistor 62. The base terminal of the transistor 61 is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 64 through the resistor 63. The emitter terminal of the transistor 64 is connected to the ground, and the base terminal is connected to the ground via the phototransistor 65. A resistor 67 is connected in parallel to the phototransistor 65, and the phototransistor 65 and the resistor 67 are connected to a connection end with the conversion circuit 40 via the resistor 66.

Therefore, while the voltage of the battery power supply 16 is less than the predetermined voltage (overcharge protection voltage), that is, while the signal output from the battery voltage detection circuit 20 is stopped, the phototransistor 65 is turned off, and both the transistors 64 and 61 are connected. Turn on. Thereby, the conversion circuit 40 and the booster circuit 50 are connected, and the electric power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 is supplied to the battery power source 16 or the light source 3 and the battery power source 16. That is, the conversion circuit 40 and the booster circuit 50 constitute an auxiliary power supply unit of the present embodiment.
On the other hand, when the voltage of the battery power supply 16 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage (overcharge protection voltage) and a signal is output from the battery voltage detection circuit 20, the phototransistor 65 is turned on and both the transistors 64 and 61 are turned off. Thereby, the connection between the conversion circuit 40 and the booster circuit 50 is disconnected, and the power supply from the electric double layer capacitor 42 to the battery power source 16 or the light source 3 and the battery power source 16 is stopped.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the lighting operation.
When the commercial power is input from the commercial power source 1 as the power is turned on (step S1), the tunnel lighting device 100 starts charging the battery power source 16 with the commercial power (step S2). After the power is turned on, the voltage of the commercial power is monitored by the switching control unit 19, and it is determined whether or not the commercial power source 1 is normal based on the voltage (step S3).
When the commercial power source 1 is normal (step S3: Yes), the tunnel lighting device 100 supplies power to the light source 3 via the lighting circuit 14 to turn on the light source 3 (always on) (step S4).
On the other hand, when an abnormality is detected in the power supply of the commercial power source 1 due to the occurrence of a disaster or the like, and the commercial power source 1 fails (Step S3: No), the tunnel lighting device 100 causes the switching circuit 30 to supply power to the light source 3 extremely. The light source 3 is turned on with the power stored in the battery power supply 16 (emergency lighting) (step S5).

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the charging stop operation.
When the commercial power is input from the commercial power source 1 as the power is turned on (step S21), the tunnel lighting device 100 starts charging the battery power source 16 with the commercial power (step S22). Then, the voltage of the battery power supply 16 is monitored by the battery voltage detection circuit 20, and it is determined based on the voltage whether the battery power supply 16 is overcharged (step S23).
The battery voltage detection circuit 20 waits until the battery power supply 16 is overcharged (step S23: No), and when the battery power supply 16 is overcharged (step S23: Yes), the charging circuit 17 is stopped and the battery power supply 16 Is stopped (step S24). As described above, since the battery power supply 16 is prevented from being overcharged, the life of the battery power supply 16 is extended, and the maintenance and running costs of the battery power supply 16 are reduced.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the discharge stop operation.
When the power source of the commercial power source 1 is cut off (power failure) (step S31) and the power of the battery power source 16 is supplied to the light source 3 by the operation of the emergency lighting circuit 18 and the battery power source 16 starts discharging (step S32). The voltage of the battery power supply 16 is monitored by 30 and it is determined whether or not the battery power supply 16 is overdischarged based on the voltage (step S33).
The switching circuit 30 waits until the battery power supply 16 is overdischarged (step S33: No). When the battery power supply 16 is overdischarged (step S33: Yes), the emergency lighting circuit 18 is stopped and the battery power supply 16 is turned off. Discharging is stopped (step S34). As described above, since the battery power supply 16 is prevented from being overdischarged, the life of the battery power supply 16 is extended, and the maintenance and running costs of the battery power supply 16 are reduced.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an auxiliary power supply operation.
First, when power generation is started by the piezoelectric element 5 (step S41), the electric power generated by the piezoelectric element 5 is stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 (step S42).
When the commercial power source 1 is normal (step S43: Yes) and the battery power source 16 is overcharged (step S44: Yes), the electric power generated by the piezoelectric element 5 is as in the process of step S42. The electric double layer capacitor 42 is charged.

  When the battery power supply 16 is not overcharged (step S44: No), the electric double layer capacitor 42 and the booster circuit 50 are connected, and the electric power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 is boosted and supplied supplementarily. The Rukoto. At this time, since the commercial power source 1 is normal and the emergency lighting circuit 18 is stopped, the electric power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 is supplied only to the battery power source 16 (step S45), and the processing of step S43 is performed. Returning, the voltage of the commercial power source 1 is continuously monitored.

On the other hand, when the commercial power source 1 is not normal (step S43: No), since the emergency lighting circuit 18 is operating, the electric power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 is supplied to the light source 3 and the battery power source 16 (step). S46).
As described above, the voltage of the battery power supply 16 is monitored by the switching circuit 30 (step 47). When the battery power supply 16 is not overdischarged (step S47: No), the process returns to the process of step S43, and commercial power The voltage of 1 is continuously monitored.
When the battery power supply 16 is overdischarged (step S47: Yes), the emergency lighting circuit 18 is stopped, so that the power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 is supplied only to the battery power supply 16 as in the process of step S45. Is done.

  As described above, when the light source 3 is lit by the power of the battery power supply 16, the stored power of the electric double layer capacitor 42 is also supplied to the light source 3, and thus the stored power of the electric double layer capacitor 42 is not supplied to the light source 3. Compared to the above, the emergency lighting time of the light source 3 can be lengthened. Further, since the stored electric power of the electric double layer capacitor 42 is not discharged when the voltage of the battery power supply 16 is equal to or higher than the overcharge protection voltage, the overcharge of the battery power supply 16 can be reliably prevented. That is, during emergency lighting of the light source 3, since the voltage of the battery power supply 16 becomes less than the overcharge protection voltage, the stored electric power of the electric double layer capacitor 42 is supplied to the light source 3 and the battery power supply 16. The supply of power to the light source 3 is continued until the voltage of the battery power supply 16 reaches the discharge cutoff voltage.

  In addition, since the conversion circuit 40 (electric double layer capacitor 42) is connected to the booster circuit 50 via the connection circuit 60, when the voltage of the battery power supply 16 is equal to or higher than the overcharge protection voltage, the conversion circuit 40, the booster circuit 50, By cutting the connection, the power consumption of the booster circuit 50 can be saved.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an external configuration of the tunnel lighting fixture 100.
The tunnel lighting fixture 100 is attached to the wall surface 6A of the tunnel 6 on which a vehicle (for example, an automobile or a railway vehicle) travels, and includes a housing 80 that houses the light source 3 and the power supply device 10. The housing 80 includes a device main body 81 whose front surface is open and a lid 82 that is attached to the front surface of the device main body 81 so as to be openable and closable, and is configured in a thin box shape. A window frame 82A that is cut into a substantially rectangular shape is formed on the front surface of the lid 82, and a flat glass 83 as a translucent cover glass is fitted into the window frame 82A. The instrument main body 81 is provided with a waterproof rubber packing (not shown) at a location (opening edge) in contact with the lid body 82 to prevent intrusion of water or the like into the interior.

By the way, in the conventional configuration in which the lamp and the battery power supply are housed in the sealed casing, when the lamp is turned on and the battery power supply is charged, the temperature in the sealed casing rises, resulting in an increase in power consumption. In addition, there is a problem that the performance of the battery power supply is lowered due to the influence of heat.
In the present embodiment, since the light source 3 includes the LED 4 (FIG. 1) with low power consumption, the temperature in the housing excessively increases even when the light source 3 is turned on and the battery power supply 16 is charged in parallel. Can be prevented. Moreover, since the lifetime is extended by using the LED 4, maintenance and running costs of the light source 3 can be suppressed. Further, since the light source 3 does not turn off even when the lifetime (the light amount of the light source 3 is equal to or less than a predetermined value suitable for the tunnel illumination device), it is possible to prevent the light source 3 from becoming dark at the time of the power failure of the commercial power source 1. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the size and weight as compared to a conventional security light that uses a lamp as a light source and includes a reflector that covers the lamp.

A vibration power generator 5A (piezoelectric element 5) is attached to the back surface of the casing 80, and the casing 80 is fixed to the wall surface 6A of the tunnel 6 via the vibration power generator 5A. Therefore, when the casing 80 receives the wind pressure accompanying the traveling of the vehicle in the tunnel 6, the vibration power generation device 5 </ b> A generates power.
In addition, a sound power generation device 5B (piezoelectric element 5) that converts sound generated when the vehicle in the tunnel 6 travels into electric power is attached to the lower portion of the casing 80.
The electric power generated by the vibration power generation device 5A and the sound power generation device 5B is stored in the electric double layer capacitor 42 (FIG. 1), and this stored power is supplementarily supplied to the light source 3 or the light source 3 and the battery power source 16. Will be.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor 42 that stores the electric power generated by the piezoelectric element 5 is provided, and the battery power source 16 and the electric double layer capacitor 42 are Each power storage power is supplied to the light source 3 to turn on the light source 3. For this reason, the emergency lighting time of the light source 3 can be lengthened by the stored electric power of the electric double layer capacitor 42.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, it is configured as a tunnel installation type, and the piezoelectric element 5 generates power by receiving wind pressure and sound pressure accompanying traveling of the vehicle in the tunnel 6 or pressure due to other vibration force. The configuration. For this reason, the emergency lighting time of the light source 3 can be lengthened by the electric power generated by converting the wind pressure and the sound pressure accompanying the traveling of the vehicle.

However, the above embodiment is an aspect of the present invention, and it is needless to say that the embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, when a plurality of piezoelectric elements 5 are provided, one bridge diode 41, electric double layer capacitor 42, step-up DC-DC converter 51, etc. are connected to the plurality of piezoelectric elements 5. As shown in FIG. 7, a bridge diode 41, an electric double layer capacitor 42, a step-up DC-DC converter 51, etc. may be connected to each piezoelectric element 5.

In the above embodiment, the auxiliary battery power source is described as an electric double layer capacitor. However, the auxiliary battery power source is not limited to this, and may be another power storage unit such as a battery.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the tunnel lighting fixture was illustrated as an illuminating device, this invention is applicable not only to this but to various illuminating devices.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Commercial power supply 3 Light source 5 Piezoelectric element 13 Lighting circuit 16 Battery power supply 18 Emergency lighting circuit 42 Electric double layer capacitor (auxiliary battery power supply)
50 Booster circuit (auxiliary power supply unit)
60 Connection circuit (auxiliary power supply unit)
100 Tunnel lighting equipment (lighting equipment)

Claims (2)

A light source;
A lighting circuit for lighting the light source by supplying power from a commercial power source;
A battery power source for storing the power of the commercial power source;
In an illuminating device comprising:
An auxiliary battery power source that stores electric power generated by the piezoelectric element is provided,
An illuminating device characterized in that during the emergency lighting of the light source, the stored power of each of the battery power source and the auxiliary battery power source is supplied to the light source to light the light source. It is configured as a tunnel installation type,
2. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric element generates electric power in response to a wind pressure and a sound pressure associated with traveling of a vehicle in a tunnel, or pressure caused by other vibration force.

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