JP2012240090A - Welding method, welding equipment and steel floor board - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a welding method by which a penetration bead for evading stress concentration is formed.SOLUTION: The length of dolly blocks 1 is made into a length which is divided the full length in the longitudinal direction y of a U-shaped rib 20 equally into n parts and n dolly blocks 1 and they are arranged in the longitudinal direction y of the U-shaped rib 20. When regions 1 are welded, the dolly blocks 1 which are arranged according to these regions 1 are pressed toward the U-shaped rib 20 so as to show with void arrows 1. When the welding of the regions 1 is finished, next, the welding of regions 2 is performed. Then, the dolly blocks 1 which are arranged according to the regions 2 are pressed toward the U-shaped rib 20 as shown by the void arrows 2. When the welding is moved from the regions 1 to the regions 2, the pressing of the dolly blocks 1 in the regions 1 are released. The procedure is repeated till the welding of regions n is finished, and the welding of the U-shaped rib 20 to a deck plate 10 is completed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a welding method suitable for fillet welding a stiffener to a steel deck applied to a bridge.

As shown in FIG. 17 (a), the steel slab (stiffening plate) 100 has a plurality of U-shaped ribs 20 (stiffening material) on one surface of the deck plate 10 (steel plate) at a constant interval. Arranged. The deck plate 10 is composed of, for example, a steel flat plate having a thickness of 12 to 16 mm, and the U-shaped rib 20 is formed by bending a steel flat plate having a thickness of, for example, 6 to 9 mm to have a U-shaped cross section. The width is about 30 cm.
For the fillet welds 21 and 22 between the edge of the U-shaped rib 20 and the deck plate 10, the required depth of penetration of the U-shaped rib 20 is 75% or more of the plate thickness of the U-shaped rib 20 according to the fatigue design guidelines. (Non-Patent Document 1).
However, since the steel deck 100 is repeatedly subjected to the wheel load by the vehicle through the asphalt pavement 30 (for example, thickness is 80 mm) provided on the deck plate 10, it is necessary to pay attention to fatigue damage. In particular, stress concentrates on the non-welded portion N on the extension line of the penetration tip of the fillet weld portion 21, and the fatigue crack F occurs relatively early as shown in FIG.

  Then, in order to suppress generation | occurrence | production of the crack which starts the penetration front, it is proposed to make the fillet weld part 21 into the complete penetration which penetrates in the plate | board thickness direction of the U-shaped rib 20 (patent documents 1-1). 3).

JP 2008-272826 A (FIGS. 11 and 12) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2008-290115 (FIG. 1) JP 2008-290116 A (FIG. 1)

JSCE Proceedings No.519 ／ I-32,127-137,1995.7 “Local Stress and Fatigue Strength at the Intersection of Longitudinal Ribs and Transverse Ribs of Steel Slabs”

  When performing this complete penetration, it is preferable to fillet weld from both the inside and outside of the U-shaped rib 20 to eliminate the stress concentration portion, but it is difficult to weld from the inside of the narrow U-shaped rib 20. It is. Therefore, welding must be performed only from the outside of the U-shaped rib 20. However, according to the study by the present inventors, if welding is performed only from the outside, the back bead formed inside the U-shaped rib 20 has a shape that causes stress concentration. Then, an object of this invention is to provide the welding method and welding apparatus which can form the back bead which avoids stress concentration. Furthermore, this invention aims at providing the steel deck obtained by such a welding method.

The reason why the back bead is shaped to cause stress concentration is that the molten metal that has reached the back side (opposite the side to be welded) can flow freely by welding, such as welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed. Even if the welding conditions are adjusted, it is not easy to control the shape of the back bead. In particular, the U-shaped rib has a long length of about 10 m, and it is difficult to make the back bead less likely to cause stress concentration over the entire length.
The inventors of the present invention are able to control the back bead to a shape in which stress concentration is less likely to occur by welding from the outside of the U-shaped rib while disposing a metal pad on the inside (back side) of the U-shaped rib. I found out. However, it is not practical to use a metal pad having a length equivalent to the entire length of the U-shaped rib in the longitudinal direction when an actual construction is assumed. The U-shaped rib is temporarily fixed to the deck plate before welding, but the mounting error of the temporarily fixed U-shaped rib differs depending on the position. Therefore, it is necessary to use a metal pad corresponding to a region that is sufficiently shorter than the entire length of the U-shaped rib in the longitudinal direction (or the weld line direction).

The present invention based on the above examination results relates to a fillet welding method for welding a butt portion between a flat steel plate and a vertical plate.
In this welding method, an edge portion that contacts the steel plate of the vertical plate is welded from one side of the vertical plate, thereby forming a back bead that penetrates the edge portion and reaches the other side of the vertical plate. The welding is continuously performed along a welding line extending from one end to the other end.
At the time of this welding, a pad that supports the back bead is placed on the other side of the vertical plate, including a position welded from one side of the vertical plate (hereinafter referred to as a welding-compatible region). Press against steel plate and vertical plate.
This welding method includes at least a preceding first step and a subsequent second step. In the first step, the first region is welded by placing a metal pad in the first region. In the second step performed after the welding of the first region is finished, the pressing by the metal plating is transferred to the subsequent second region to weld the second region.
The present invention is characterized in that the transition from the first region to the second region of pressing by the metal pad is performed without causing a relative speed difference between the back bead and the metal pad.
In the present invention, “transition from the first area to the second area of the pressing by the paddle” does not necessarily require that the pad is physically moved, but the pressing by the padding changes. I mean. Furthermore, in the present invention, only two steps, the first step and the second step, are defined. However, this only defines the minimum steps, and the third step, the fourth step, and the like. ,..., Nth step is allowed.

In the welding method of the present invention, welding is performed while placing the metal backing in the welding-compatible region. Therefore, the back bead formed by welding from one side of the vertical plate is cooled while its shape is controlled corresponding to the gap between the vertical plate and the shape of the vertical plate. Both the angle formed by the backside bead and the steel plate and the angle formed by the backside bead and the vertical plate can be made obtuse to prevent stress concentration.
Further, in the welding method of the present invention, since the transition from the first region to the second region of the pressing by the contact metal is performed without causing a relative speed difference between the back bead and the contact metal. As the gold moves, the metal pad is prevented from rubbing against the back bead and breaking its properties.

  When the deck plate is a flat steel plate and the U-shaped rib is a vertical plate, the flat steel plate and the vertical plate have butt portions on both sides in the width direction of the rib. When there are a plurality of butt portions as described above, it is preferable to improve the production efficiency by arranging a stopper for each butt portion and welding the butt portions at the same time.

  It is preferable that a chamfer is applied to the area corresponding to the back bead in the metal backing in the present invention. In this chamfered region, a gap is formed between the steel plate and the vertical plate. By adjusting the shape of the chamfer, both the angle formed by the back bead and the steel plate and the angle formed by the back bead and the vertical plate can be more reliably led to an obtuse angle where stress concentration is less likely to occur.

The present invention has two specific modes in which the transition from the first region to the second region of the pressing by the metal plating is performed without causing a relative speed difference between the back bead and the metal plating. provide.
In the first form, the first and second pads that are independently pressed are arranged in the first region and the second region, respectively. In the first step, the first metal plate is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate, and in the second step, the second metal plate is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate. Thus, since the position of the 1st metal plate corresponding to the 1st field in the welding line direction is fixed, and the position of the 2nd metal plate corresponding to the 2nd field is also fixed in the welding line direction, There is no worry that the first and second) will rub against the back bead.

  The 1st form can be equipped with the press body which presses a 1st pad and a 2nd pad. The pressing body is movable in the welding line direction. In the first step, the pressing body presses the first pad in the first area, and in the second step, the pressing body moves to the second area and presses the second pad. By doing so, it is possible to realize the pressing of both the first and second pads only by providing a single pressing body. The pressing body can be moved in the weld line direction in synchronization with the welding.

The second form uses a pressing mechanism that has a plurality of metal pads running on an endless track and moves in the weld line direction by running the metal pads.
In the first step, the metal plate of the pressing mechanism is pressed against the steel plate in the first region, and in the second step, the metal plate of the pressing mechanism moved to the second region by pressing the metal plate is pressed against the steel plate.
Also in this second embodiment, the entire pressing mechanism moves in the weld line direction, but the position of the weld line direction with respect to each of the first and second regions is fixed. There is no worry that the paddle will rub against the back bead.
The steel floor slab produced by applying the welding method according to the present invention described above can suppress the occurrence of cracks based on the back bead, and by refining the crystal grains of the weld heat affected zone and the boundary, The toughness of the welded joint is improved.

According to the present invention, welding is performed while placing the backing metal in the welding-corresponding region, so that the back bead is cooled while its shape is controlled corresponding to the gap between the backing metal. Therefore, both the angle formed by the backside bead and the steel plate and the angle formed by the backside bead and the vertical plate can be made obtuse to prevent stress concentration.
In addition, according to the present invention, since the transition from the first region to the second region of the pressing by the pad is performed without causing a relative speed difference between the back bead and the pad, It is possible to prevent the adhesive metal from rubbing against the backside bead and breaking the properties with the transition.

It is a figure explaining the welding method in 1st Embodiment, (a) is a front sectional view which shows a mode that a stopper metal is arrange | positioned in the closed space formed with a U-shaped rib and a deck plate, (b) is two or more. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the metal stopper. It is a front view which shows a mode that it welds using the press moving body in 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the press moving body in 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a sectional side view which shows the raising prevention mechanism of the press moving body in 1st Embodiment. It is a front view which shows a mode that it welds using the press moving body in 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the press moving body in 2nd Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the press moving body in 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view which shows a mode that it welds using the press moving body in the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the press moving body in the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the press moving body in the modification of 2nd Embodiment. (A) is a partial enlarged view showing a state in which the metal base is arranged at a predetermined position during welding, (b) is a macro-structure photograph of a welded portion welded without providing a metal base, and (c) is a metal base. It is the macro structure photograph of the welding part which performed welding by providing. It is the figure which modeled the welding part of FIG.12 (b). It is the figure which modeled the welding part of FIG.12 (c). (A) shows the microstructure picture of the welding heat affected zone in the region surrounded by A in FIG. 12 (b), and (b) shows the welding heat effect in the region surrounded by B in FIG. 12 (c). The microstructure photograph of a part is shown. (A) shows a microstructure photograph of the boundary between the weld metal and the base metal in the region surrounded by A in FIG. 12 (b), and (b) in the region surrounded by B in FIG. 12 (c). A microstructure photograph of the boundary between the weld metal and the base metal is shown. (A) is a perspective view which shows the structure of a steel deck, (b) is an enlarged view of a fillet weld vicinity vicinity.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the welding method of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment in which the welding method of the present invention is applied to the production of a steel deck 100 (FIG. 17) with reference to FIGS. 1 and 12 to 16 attached. However, it goes without saying that the welding method according to the present invention can be applied to uses other than the steel deck 100.
When the steel deck 100 is manufactured, the U-shaped rib 20 is disposed at a predetermined position on the deck plate 10 as shown in FIG. Welding is performed in a state in which the deck plate 10 is placed on the deck plate 10 with the surface on which the pavement 30 is applied facing downward, and the U-shaped rib 20 is disposed so that the tips (edges) of the pair of flanges 24 face each other. Done. The flange 24 is a vertical plate of the present invention, the deck plate 10 is a steel plate of the present invention, and both are welded to constitute a substantially T-shaped joint.
Here, since the U-shaped rib 20 is heated with the welding, if the movement of the U-shaped rib 20 is not restricted, the U-shaped rib 20 is warped greatly as the welding progresses. There exists a possibility that the character-shaped rib 20 cannot be welded to a predetermined position. Therefore, it is preferable to temporarily fix the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 prior to welding. For temporary fixing, the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib 20 may be welded intermittently.

The U-shaped rib 20 includes a web 23 and a flange 24 that extends at a predetermined angle from both ends of the web 23 in the width direction.
On the outside of the front end of each flange 24, a re-shaped groove 25 is formed. It is preferable that the shape groove 25 has an angle α of 50 ° ± 30 ° with the surface of the deck plate 10 and a root face of 2 mm ± 2 mm (zero in FIG. 12).
Here, an example is shown in which a deformed groove 25 is provided. However, the present invention allows the use of a vertical plate that is not provided with a deformed groove. Can be enjoyed.

  When the U-shaped rib 20 is put on the deck plate 10 with the flange 24 being abutted, the U-shaped rib 20 and the deck plate 10 form a closed space in the cross-sectional direction. This closed space is referred to as “inside”, and the outside of the flange 24 is referred to as “outside”. On the inner side, the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 form an angle β (FIG. 12A).

  In the present embodiment, fillet welding is performed between the tip of the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 from the outside of the U-shaped rib 20. At this time, complete penetration welding is performed in which penetration penetrates from the outer side to the inner side of the flange 24 (U-shaped rib 20) and a backside bead is formed on the inner side. The method of welding performed from the outside of the U-shaped rib 20 is not limited in the present invention, and various known welding methods such as arc welding and laser welding can be applied. In the present embodiment, the labe groove 25 is formed on the outer side of the tip of the flange 24. In this application, however, including the case where the member having the groove is welded, it is expressed as fillet welding. .

In the present embodiment, welding is performed while the stopper 1 is disposed inside the U-shaped rib 20. The pad 1 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped member made of, for example, copper or a copper alloy having excellent thermal conductivity. The stopper 1 can be provided with a forced cooling mechanism for circulating cooling water, for example, but the description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
As shown in FIG. 12, the contact metal 1 constitutes a first contact surface 3 in which one of the six surfaces is in contact with the flange 24, and the other surface is in contact with the deck plate 10. The second contact surface 5 is configured. An angle γ (not shown) formed by the first contact surface 3 and the second contact surface 5 is set equal to an angle β formed by the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 (∠β = ∠γ). Therefore, inside the U-shaped rib 20, the second contact surface 5 is disposed to face the deck plate 10, the first contact surface 3 is disposed to face the flange 24, and the first contact surface is further disposed. 3 is pressed against the flange 24 and the second contact surface 5 is pressed against the deck plate 10. However, in FIG. 12, in order to facilitate understanding, the flange 24 and the first contact surface 3 and the deck plate 10 and the second contact surface 5 are intentionally separated from each other. The fact that the stopper 1 is in this contact state means that the stopper 1 is set. And when the welding is performed from the outer side of the flange 24, the contact metal 1 is arranged over a predetermined region inside the U-shaped rib 20 and including a portion to be welded.

  The stopper 1 has a chamfer C formed at the boundary between the first contact surface 3 and the second contact surface 5. This chamfering C is formed over the entire length of the backing metal 1 in the longitudinal direction. Further, the chamfer C is provided corresponding to a region where the back bead is formed when welding is performed with the stopper 1 set. When the contact metal 1 is set (before welding), the first contact surface 3 and the flange 24 contact each other, and when the second contact surface 5 and the deck plate 10 contact each other, the contact metal 1 does not have a gap. Although set in the U-shaped rib 20, a gap corresponding to the chamfer C is formed between the chamfer C and the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. This gap is referred to as a molten metal regulating gap. The shape of the chamfer C may be an arc or another curve.

The fillet welding according to the present embodiment is performed in a state where the backing metal 1 is set. During welding, the metal pad 1 plays the following role.
The backing metal 1 cools and solidifies the molten metal while restraining the molten metal from freely flowing by supporting the molten metal that has reached the inside by welding from the back bead. That is, the molten metal that has reached the inside is allowed to flow only inside the molten metal regulating gap formed by chamfering C, and is solidified without flowing out of the molten metal regulating gap. Therefore, if the shape and dimensions of the chamfer C are specified, the shape of the back bead can be controlled.

  The present inventors perform welding under the same conditions (including welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed) other than the provision of the brazing metal 1, and perform cross-sectional macro observation near the substantially T-shaped joint after welding. It was. The results are shown in FIGS. 12 (b) and 12 (c). FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram obtained from the macro observation (FIG. 12B), and FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram obtained from the macro observation (FIG. 12C).

  As shown in FIG. 12B and FIG. 13, when welding is performed without providing the stopper 1, the angle ∠ 11 formed by the backside bead B and the deck plate 10, and the angle ∠12 formed by the backside bead B and the flange 24. Is approximately 90 ° or an acute angle. Further, the leg length L11 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the deck plate 10 and the leg length L12 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the flange 24 are about twice the leg length L11. Further, the distance from the deck plate 10 to the uppermost end of the back bead, that is, the back bead height H1 is high.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12C and FIG. 14, when welding is performed with the stopper 1, the angle ∠ 21 formed between the back bead B and the deck plate 10, and the back bead B and the flange 24. The angle ∠22 formed by both can be made obtuse. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the leg length L 21 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the deck plate 10 is substantially equal to the leg length L 22 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the flange 24 (vertical plate). The back wave bead B is obtained. Further, the back bead height H2 is low.
The shape of the back bead having such a feature is similar to the molten metal regulation gap formed when the metal backing 1 is set, and it is confirmed that the flow of molten metal is regulated by the metal backing 1. It was done.

  As described above, by providing the backing metal 1, the angle ∠ 21 formed between the back bead B and the deck plate 10 and the angle ∠ 22 formed between the back bead B and the flange 24 can be made obtuse. As the angle becomes smaller, the stress tends to concentrate on the welding route. Conversely, as the angle becomes larger, the stress becomes less likely to concentrate on the welding route. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks with the back bead as the base point by performing welding while placing the stopper 1. When welding the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10, the size may be large, the mounting error of the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 varies depending on the position, and further the primary of the welding machine during welding It is assumed that there is a change in the welding environment such as fluctuation of the side voltage. However, even if there is such a fluctuation factor of the back bead, in this embodiment, the back bead can be stably formed in a desired shape by pressing the pad 1 having the chamfer C against the flange 24. In addition, when the metal stopper 1 is pressed toward the flange 24, the metal pad 1 is also pressed against the deck plate 10. However, the description about the pressing to the deck plate 10 is omitted below.

Moreover, the metal pad 1 cools the weld bead and its surroundings from the inside. Therefore, the region (welding heat affected zone, hereinafter referred to as HAZ) in which the structure is affected by the heating accompanying welding can be narrowed. As is well known, HAZ is inferior in mechanical properties, particularly toughness, because crystal grains become coarse. Therefore, although it is desired that the welded member has a narrower HAZ, according to the present embodiment in which welding is performed using the contact metal 1, the effect of narrowing the HAZ can also be enjoyed.
Actually, the microstructure was observed (see FIGS. 15 and 16). As a result, it has been clarified that the use of the backing metal 1 makes it possible to refine the HAZ crystal grains and to refine the crystal grains at the boundary between the weld metal and the base metal. Thus, the toughness of the welded joint can also be improved by refining the HAZ and crystal grains at the boundary.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the pad 1 is made into a length obtained by dividing the longitudinal direction y of the U-shaped rib 20, that is, the total length in the direction of the weld line L, into n equal parts. The n metal pads 1 are arranged in the longitudinal direction y of the rib 20. And when welding the area | region (area | region 1) shown by "1", the metal stopper 1 arrange | positioned corresponding to this area | region 1 faces the U-shaped rib 20, and is shown by the white arrow 1 Press on. By doing so, a desired molten metal regulating gap can be formed between the metal backing 1 and the U-shaped rib 20. When the welding of the region 1 is completed, the welding of the region 2 is performed next. At this time, the metal pad 1 disposed corresponding to the region 2 is pressed toward the U-shaped rib 20 as indicated by the white arrow 2. When welding shifts from the region 1 to the region 2, the pressing of the pad 1 in the region 1 is released. When the welding of the region 2 is completed, the welding of the region 3 is performed next. At this time, the metal pad 1 disposed corresponding to the region 3 is pressed toward the U-shaped rib 20 as indicated by the white arrow 3. When welding shifts from the region 2 to the region 3, the pressing of the stopper 1 in the region 1 is released.

The above procedure is repeated until the welding of the region n is completed, so that the back plate bead is formed and the deck plate 10 of the U-shaped rib 20 is moved along the weld line L extending from one end to the other end. Can be welded.
In this process, the back bead can be stably formed in a desired shape, and the toughness of the welded joint can be improved, and in addition, the following effects can be obtained.
The pad 1 has only a length obtained by dividing the entire length of the U-shaped rib 20 into n equal parts. Therefore, even if the mounting error of the U-shaped rib 20 with respect to the deck plate 10 is different depending on the position, the metal plate 1 is pressed considerably shorter than the entire length of the U-shaped rib 20. Can be easily formed.
Further, since each of the metal pads 1 is fixed with respect to the longitudinal direction y of the U-shaped rib 20 from the start to the completion of welding, the metal plate is rubbed between the weld metal (back wave bead) and the metal plate 1. Will not occur. For example, it is possible to arrange only one batting 1 in the longitudinal direction y and move it in the longitudinal direction y in synchronism with welding. In this case, the back beat of the solidification process and the batting 1 are rubbed. Along with this, the properties of the back bead may collapse. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the back wave beat and the metal backing 1 are not rubbed, and the back wave bead can be stably formed in a desired shape.
As described above, the back bead obtained by the first embodiment can be visually discriminated from the back bead in which rubbing has occurred even if the back plate bead 1 is used as well as the back surface bead without using the back plate 1. .

  Next, referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, an example of a pressing moving body 50 (pressing mechanism) suitable for pressing the stopper 1 against the U-shaped rib 20 when performing the welding method of the first embodiment. I will explain.

The pressing moving body 50 includes a base plate 51, a first moving body 60, and a second moving body 70, and is provided inside the U-shaped rib 20.
The base plate 51 is formed of a steel plate having a small width but the same length as that of the U-shaped rib 20 (the shape-shaped groove 25 is omitted). The base plate 51 is placed on the upper surface of the deck plate 10 and is located at the center in the width direction x of the U-shaped rib 20.
On the base plate 51, pins 52 are erected on both edges in the width direction x. The pins 52 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction y of the base plate 51. A long hole 1 a is formed along the width direction x in the stopper 1 (the chamfering C is omitted). By inserting the long hole 1 a into the pin 52, the stopper 1 is fixed to the base plate 51 in the width direction x. To reciprocate.
The base plate 51 is not limited to a flat plate shape, and a U-shaped portion protruding partly upward can be formed in order to improve rigidity.

The first moving body 60 includes a first support body 61, a first guide body 62, a first spring support body 64, a first traveling wheel 65, and a first pressing wheel 67.
The first support 61 is made of a rectangular steel plate having a length equivalent to that of the backing metal 1, and is a portion that serves as a basis for the first moving body 60.

  The first guide body 62 is engaged with a later-described second guide body 72 to guide relative reciprocation of the first moving body 60 and the second moving body 70 in the width direction x. The first guide body 62 is fixed to the central portion in the longitudinal direction y on the first support body 61 by appropriate fixing means such as a bolt, and a part of the first guide body 62 protrudes toward the second moving body 70. The first guide body 62 includes a U-shaped slide groove 62a penetrating in the width direction x of the U-shaped rib 20, and the first guide body 62 is inserted into the slide groove 62a to thereby perform the first movement. The relative movement of the body 60 and the second moving body 70 in the longitudinal direction y is restricted.

The first spring support 64 presses the first moving body 60 and the second moving body 70 outward by sandwiching the coil spring 80 together with the second spring support 74 described later.
The 1st spring support body 64 consists of L-shaped angles, and is provided with the fixing | fixed part 64a and the spring support part 64b.
One first spring support 64 is disposed at each end of the first support 61 in the longitudinal direction y via the fixing portion 64a. The first spring support 64 is arranged such that the spring support 64 b faces the spring support 74 b of the second spring support 74.
The spring support portion 64 b is a portion that sandwiches the coil spring 80 together with the spring support portion 74 b of the second spring support 74. Further, a through hole through which the connecting pin 81 passes is made in the spring support portion 64b.

The first traveling wheels 65 are provided on the base plate 51 (deck plate 10) so that the first moving body 60 can smoothly move along the longitudinal direction y, that is, the welding line L direction. For this purpose, the first traveling wheel 65 is supported below the first support 61 so that the rotation shaft can rotate along the width direction x. Further, one first traveling wheel 65 is disposed at each end of the first support 61 in the longitudinal direction y.
The arrangement of the first traveling wheels 65 at both ends in the longitudinal direction y in this way is a preferable mode for pressing the backing metal 1 against the flange 24 evenly, but the first traveling wheels 65 are integrated into one unit. It does not exclude doing. The same applies to the second traveling wheel 75 described later.
In addition, although the wheel with small friction with the metal stopper 1 is used as a member which presses the metal stopper 1 against the flange 24, this invention is not limited to this. The present invention allows the use of a member made of a material having a small coefficient of friction that is slid on the metal backing 1.

The first pressing wheel 67 presses the stopper 1 against the flange 24 of the U-shaped rib 20 by direct contact.
The first pressing wheel 67 is supported by a pin 68 below the first support 61 so that the rotation axis is in the vertical direction. The first pressing wheels 67 are disposed at both ends of the first support 61 in the longitudinal direction y.
Moreover, the 1st pressing wheel 67 is provided with the small diameter part 67a and the large diameter part 67b arrange | positioned above the small diameter part 67a. The small diameter portion 67a is in contact with the side surface of the stopper 1 and presses the stopper 1 against the flange 24 from the horizontal direction. The large-diameter portion 67b is in contact with the upper surface of the stopper 1 and presses the stopper 1 against the flange 24 from the vertical direction. By doing so, the stopper 1 can be more reliably pressed against the flange 24.

Next, the second moving body 70 will be described. The second moving body 70 has the following configuration that is basically the same as that of the first moving body 60.
The second moving body 70 includes a second support body 71, a second guide body 72, a second spring support body 74, a second traveling wheel 75, and a second pressing wheel 77.
The second support 71 is made of a rectangular steel plate having a length equivalent to that of the backing metal 1, and is a part serving as a basis of the second moving body 70. The second support 71 is set to be narrower than the first support 61. The second support 71 is arranged on the same plane as the first support 61 with a predetermined interval so that the inner sides face each other.

  The second guide body 72 is engaged with the first guide body 62 described above, thereby guiding relative reciprocation of the first moving body 60 and the second moving body 70 in the width direction x. The second guide body 72 is fixed to the central portion in the longitudinal direction y on the second support 71 by appropriate fixing means such as bolts, and a part of the second guide body 72 protrudes toward the first moving body 60. The second guide body 72 is made of a rectangular steel plate, and the projecting portion is inserted into the slide groove 62 a of the first guide body 62, whereby the longitudinal direction of the first moving body 60 and the second moving body 70. The relative movement of y is constrained.

The second spring support 74 presses the first moving body 60 and the second moving body 70 outward by sandwiching the coil spring 80 together with the first spring support 64 described above.
Similar to the first spring support 64, the second spring support 74 includes a fixed portion 74a and a spring support 74b.
The second spring supports 74 are arranged one by one at both ends in the longitudinal direction y of the second support 71 via the fixing portion 74a. The second spring support 74 is disposed such that the spring support 74 b faces the spring support 64 b of the first spring support 64.
The spring support portion 74 b is a portion that sandwiches the coil spring 80 together with the spring support portion 64 b of the first spring support 64. In addition, a through hole through which the connecting pin 81 passes is made in the spring support portion 74b.

  The second traveling wheel 75 enables the second moving body 70 to move smoothly on the base plate 51 (deck plate 10). Therefore, the second traveling wheel 75 is supported below the second support 71 so that the rotation shaft can rotate along the width direction x. Only one second traveling wheel 75 is arranged at the center of the first support 61 in the longitudinal direction y.

The second pressing wheel 77 presses the stopper 1 against the flange 24 of the U-shaped rib 20 by direct contact.
The second pressing wheel 77 is supported by a pin 78 on the lower side of the second support 71 so that the rotation axis is in the vertical direction. The second pressing wheels 77 are arranged on both sides in the longitudinal direction y with the second guide body 72 interposed therebetween.
Similarly to the first pressing wheel 67, the second pressing wheel 77 includes a small diameter portion 77a and a large diameter portion 77b. The small diameter portion 77a presses the contact metal 1 against the flange 24 from the horizontal direction, and the large diameter portion 67b presses the contact metal 1 against the flange 24 from the vertical direction.

The pressing moving body 50 includes a coil spring 80.
The coil spring 80 is sandwiched between the spring support portion 64 b of the first spring support body 64 and the spring support portion 74 b of the second spring support body 74 in a compressed state. Therefore, the coil spring 80 pushes the first spring support 64 and the second spring support 74 outward. In addition, if the 1st spring support body 64 and the 2nd spring support body 74 can be pushed toward the outer side, elastic bodies other than the coil spring 80 can also be used, and means other than an elastic body can also be used.
The connection pin 81 passes through the through hole formed in the first spring support body 64 and the spring support portion 64b and the through hole of the spring support portion 74b of the second spring support body 74. The second spring support 74 is connected so as not to be separated.

In order to weld the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 using the pressing moving body 50 having the above configuration, the following may be performed.
That is, in FIG. 1B, the press moving body 50 is disposed at a position in the longitudinal direction y corresponding to the region 1 while the portion corresponding to the region 1 is welded. Since the first moving body 60 and the second moving body 70 of the pressing moving body 50 have the same length as the stopper 1, only the stopper 1 corresponding to the region 1 is pressed against the flange 24. When the welding of the region 1 is completed, the pressing moving body 50 is moved to the portion corresponding to the region 2 in synchronism with the movement of the welding torch (not shown) to the region 2 in order to weld the portion corresponding to the region 2 next. Let Then, in a state where only the stopper 1 corresponding to the region 2 is pressed against the flange 24, the portion corresponding to the region 2 is welded. When the welding of the region 2 is completed, the above procedure is repeated until the welding of the portion corresponding to the region n is completed, whereby the welding of the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 is completed. Similarly, a steel deck 100 can be produced by welding a required number of U-shaped ribs 20. In addition, the traction device may be used for the movement of the pressing moving body 50, or the first traveling wheel 65 and the second traveling wheel 75 may be driven by a motor.

As described above, by using the pressing moving body 50, welding can be performed without rubbing the back bead and the backing metal 1, so that the back bead is stably formed in a desired shape as described above. it can.
In addition, although the length of the stopper 1 and the press moving body 50 (the 1st moving body 60, the 2nd moving body 70) are made equal in the above, this invention is not limited to this. The pressing moving body 50 may be shorter or longer than the stopper 1. In accordance with the attachment error of the U-shaped rib 20, it is preferable to set the length of the stopper 1 and further the length of the pressing moving body 50. For example, it is also possible to press the adjacent two metal pads 1 at a time with the pressing moving body 50 having a length obtained by adding two metal pads 1. Furthermore, although the form which moves the mechanism which presses the metal stopper 1 to a welding line direction is shown here, this invention is not restricted to this. A pressing mechanism may be provided corresponding to each of the metal pads 1, and the pressing mechanisms may be sequentially operated.

  By the way, the pressing moving body 50 presses the stopper 1 against the flange 24 of the U-shaped rib 20 via the first pressing wheel 67 and the second pressing wheel 77. When the reaction occurs, the pressing moving body 50 may be lifted at the center in the width direction x. Then, the first pressing wheel 67 and the second pressing wheel 77 cannot properly press the stopper 1. In view of this, a mechanism 80 for preventing the lifting of the pressing moving body 50 is proposed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lifting prevention mechanism 80 uses a link mechanism. That is, a pantograph-like link mechanism is configured by connecting the first lever 81, the second lever 82, the third lever 83, and the fourth lever 84 to the first moving body 60 (partially omitted) as follows. Is done. One end of the first lever 81 is connected to the connecting piece 85 on the first moving body 60, and one end of the second lever 82 is connected to the connecting piece 86 on the first moving body 60. One end of the third lever 83 is connected to the other end of the first lever 81, one end of the fourth lever 84 is connected to the other end of the second lever 82, and the other end of the third lever 83 and the fourth lever 84 are connected to each other. The other end is connected. In addition, a rotatable wheel 87 is provided at a connection point between the third lever 83 and the fourth lever 84. Further, a connection point 88 between the first lever 81 and the third lever 83 and a connection point 89 between the second lever 82 and the fourth lever 84 are connected by a spring 90. Since the spring 90 connects the two connection points 88 and 89 in a state where the spring 90 extends from the free state, the wheel 87 receives an upward force and hits the web 21 of the U-shaped rib 20. Thus, the lifting prevention mechanism 80 prevents the first moving body 60 from lifting. By providing the similar lifting prevention mechanism 80 in the second moving body 70, the pressing moving body 50 can be prevented from lifting as a whole.
Needless to say, the lifting prevention mechanism 80 is merely an example, and other configurations can be adopted. For example, it is possible to take measures such as placing a heavy object on the pressing movable body 50 that can prevent lifting.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Similarly to the first embodiment, the second embodiment is common in that it prevents friction between the weld metal and the metal backing 1 so that there is no relative speed difference. However, the first embodiment does not cause rubbing by arranging and fixing a plurality of short lengths of the metal pads 1 in the longitudinal direction y, whereas the second embodiment moves the metal plate 1 in the longitudinal direction y while it is moved. The purpose is not to cause a relative speed difference between the weld metal and the metal backing 1. The press moving body 150 (pressing mechanism) according to the second embodiment is summarized in that a plurality of stoppers 1 travel on an endless track as described below.

  The pressing moving body 150 includes a third moving body 160 and a fourth moving body 170 and is provided inside the U-shaped rib 20. In the pressing moving body 150, the third moving body 160, and the fourth moving body 170, the same components as those of the pressing moving body 50 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted. .

The third moving body 160 includes a contact drive mechanism 161 having an endless track.
The contact drive mechanism 161 includes a pair of sprockets 162 arranged at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction y. The pair of sprockets 162 is rotatably supported by a sprocket coupling body 164 extending in the longitudinal direction y via each rotating shaft 163. The rotation shaft 163 is provided to be inclined with respect to the deck plate 10. A chain 165 is wound around the pair of sprockets 162, and a drive motor 166 that rotates the rotation shaft 163 of one of the sprockets 162 is provided. A plurality of stoppers 1 are fixed to the chain 165 without a minute gap. The stopper 1 is fixed to the chain 165 so as to face the outside of the circular endless track drawn by the trajectory on which the chain 165 travels. The contact drive mechanism 161 is fixed to the first support 61 via a pressing force transmission body 167. The pressing force transmission body 167 connects the first support 61 and the central part in the longitudinal direction y of the sprocket coupling body 164.

  Since the 4th moving body 170 is provided with the same structure as the metal-plating drive mechanism 161 of the 3rd moving body 160 mentioned above, the description here is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol to the same structure.

The press moving body 150 configured as described above operates as follows.
The pressing movable body 150, which is a linear portion of the endless track among the plurality of stoppers 1 fixed to the chain 165 and is positioned on the lower side (FIG. 6), is pressed against the flange 24 and the deck plate 10.
In this state, the drive motors 166 of the third moving body 160 and the fourth moving body 170 are driven in synchronization. Then, as the chain 165 moves around on the track around the pair of sprockets 162, the plurality of stoppers 1 also move around. Since the stopper 1 is pressed against the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 by the elastic force of the coil spring 80, a frictional force is generated between the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. For this reason, as the stopper 1 moves around, the stopper drive mechanism 161 can be moved relatively in the longitudinal direction y as a unit. This movement is performed from one end of the tangent L to the other end along the longitudinal direction y of the deck plate 10 in accordance with the movement of the welding torch for welding the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10. In this manner, the contact drive mechanism 161 functions as a crawler. Moreover, what is necessary is just to understand that the metal-plating drive mechanism 161 has the length equivalent to the metal-plating 1 of 1st Embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1, this process will be used to explain that while the region 1 is being welded, the plurality of stoppers 1 are attached to the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 at a position where the pressing moving body 150 corresponds to the region 1. Pressed. When the welding of the region 1 is completed, in order to weld the portion corresponding to the region 2 next, the drive motor 166 is driven to rotate in synchronization with the movement of the welding torch (not shown) to the region 2, thereby pressing and moving. The body 150 is moved to a portion corresponding to the region 2. During this movement, the individual stoppers 1 do not rub against the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. Then, a portion corresponding to the region 2 is welded in a state in which the plurality of metal pads 1 corresponding to the region 2 are pressed against the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. When the welding of the region 2 is completed, the above procedure is repeated until the welding of the portion corresponding to the region n is completed, whereby the welding of the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 is completed.
In addition, although the press moving body 150 is supposed to move intermittently in the above, it may move continuously in synchronization with the movement of a welding torch (not shown).

As described above, also by using the press moving body 150, welding can be performed without rubbing the back bead and the backing metal 1, so that the back bead can be stably formed in a desired shape.
Further, if the length of the pressing movable body 150 is made considerably shorter than the entire length of the U-shaped rib 20, it is desirable even if the mounting error of the U-shaped rib 20 with respect to the deck plate 10 differs depending on the position. It is possible to easily form a molten metal regulating gap.
Further, since the pressing moving body 150 is a self-propelled type that moves in the longitudinal direction y by rotationally driving the drive motor 166, there is no need to provide any other moving means.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the pressing force transmission body 167 can be provided with a pressing portion 168 that contacts the flange 1 and presses against the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. Thereby, the stopper 1 can be more reliably pressed against the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. Moreover, since the pressing part 168 can exhibit the function which cools the metal carrier 1 by contacting the metal carrier 1, the HAZ is narrowed and the crystal grains of the HAZ are refined, and the weld metal and the base metal The crystal grains at the boundary can be miniaturized. The pressing unit 168 may be provided with water cooling or other forced cooling mechanism.

  Although the above pressing moving body 150 showed the example which welds the flange 24 of the both sides of the U-shaped rib 20 simultaneously, as shown in FIGS. 9-11, the 3rd moving body 160 and the 4th moving body 170 are shown. On the other hand (in this example, the third moving body 160), instead of providing the sprocket 162, the stopper 1, and the like, a traveling wheel 169 may be provided. In addition, about the structure similar to FIGS. 6-8, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to FIGS. 9-11.

As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiment. However, the configuration described in the above embodiment can be selected or appropriately changed to another configuration without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, although omitted in the above description, a pair of welding torches is provided to weld the pair of flanges 24 of the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 simultaneously. The welding torch moves while being guided by a guide rail provided along the longitudinal direction y of the U-shaped rib 20, and the flange 24 can be welded to the deck plate 10. The operation and movement of the welding torch can be performed according to instructions from the control unit, or can be manually performed by an operator. The kind of welding torch is not limited, and can be appropriately determined based on a known welding method. The same applies to the means for moving the welding torch.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pad 3 First contact surface 5 Second contact surface 10 Deck plate 20 U-shaped rib 23 Web 24 Flange 50, 150 Press moving body (pressing mechanism)
51 Base plate 60 1st moving body 61 1st support body 62 1st guide body 64 1st spring support body 65 1st traveling wheel 67 1st pressing wheel 70 2nd moving body 71 2nd support body 72 2nd guide body 74 1st 2 spring support body 75 second traveling wheel 77 second pressing wheel 80 coil spring 81 connection pin 100 steel deck 160 third moving body 161 contact drive mechanism 162 sprocket 163 rotating shaft 164 sprocket connection body 165 chain 165
166 Drive motor 167 Pressing force transmitting body 168 Pressing portion 170 Fourth moving body B Backside bead

Claims (11)

By welding an abutting portion of the plate-like steel plate and the vertical plate from one side of the vertical plate, the edge of the vertical plate contacting the steel plate is penetrated through the other edge of the vertical plate. Welding continuously along a weld line extending from one end to the other while forming a backside bead that reaches the side,
On the other side of the vertical plate, including a position where welding is performed from one side of the vertical plate, a metal plate that supports the back bead is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate for welding. A way to do,
A first step of welding the first region by placing the backing metal in a preceding first region;
After the welding of the first region is completed, the second step of welding the second region by shifting the pressing by the metal pad to the subsequent second region;
Including at least
Transition from the first region to the second region of pressing by the metal pad is as follows:
Performed without creating a relative speed difference between the back bead and the pad.
A welding method characterized by the above. When there are a plurality of butt portions, the stopper is arranged for each butt portion, and a plurality of the butt portions are welded simultaneously.
The welding method according to claim 1. The pad has a chamfer C applied to the area corresponding to the back bead,
The welding method according to claim 1 or claim 2. In the first region and the second region, respectively arranged a first and a second pad that is independently pressed,
In the first step, the first paddle is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate,
In the second step, the second paddle is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate,
The welding method as described in any one of Claims 1-3. A pressing body that moves in the direction of the weld line;
In the first step, the pressing body presses the first metal plate against the steel plate in the first region,
In the second step, the pressing body moves to the second region and presses the second paddle against the steel plate,
The welding method according to claim 4. It has a plurality of the metal pads that run on an endless track, and includes a pressing mechanism that moves in the welding line direction by running the metal pads,
In the first step, the metal plate of the pressing mechanism is pressed against the steel plate in the first region,
In the second step, the stopper of the pressing mechanism moved to the second region by running the stopper is pressed against the steel plate.
The welding method as described in any one of Claims 1-3. By welding an abutting portion of the plate-like steel plate and the vertical plate from one side of the vertical plate, the edge of the vertical plate contacting the steel plate is penetrated through the other edge of the vertical plate. Welding continuously along a weld line extending from one end to the other while forming a backside bead that reaches the side,
A pad that is disposed on the other side of the vertical plate and includes a position welded from one side of the vertical plate, and supports the back bead;
A pressing mechanism for pressing the metal plate against the steel plate and the vertical plate,
A first step of welding the first region by placing the backing metal in a preceding first region;
After the welding of the first region is completed, the second step of welding the second region by shifting the pressing by the metal pad to the subsequent second region;
At least,
Transition from the first region to the second region of pressing by the metal pad is as follows:
Performed without creating a relative speed difference between the back bead and the pad.
A welding apparatus characterized by that. The deposit is
The first area and the second area are provided with a first and second metal pads that are independently pressed,
The pressing mechanism is
In the first step, the first paddle is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate,
In the second step, the second paddle is pressed against the steel plate and the vertical plate,
The welding apparatus according to claim 7. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing body that moves in the direction of the welding line,
In the first step, the pressing body presses the first metal plate against the steel plate in the first region,
In the second step, the pressing body moves to the second region and presses the second paddle against the steel plate,
The welding apparatus according to claim 8. The pressing mechanism is
It is provided with a plurality of the metal pads that run on an endless track, and moves in the welding line direction by running the metal pads,
In the first step, the metal plate of the pressing mechanism is pressed against the steel plate in the first region,
In the second step, the stopper of the pressing mechanism moved to the second region by running the stopper is pressed against the steel plate.
The welding apparatus according to claim 7. Obtained by the welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The steel plate corresponds to a deck plate, and the vertical plate corresponds to a flange of a U-shaped rib,
Steel floor slab characterized by that.

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