JP2012232724A - Working vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve an efficient power supply connection between a traveling device of a working vehicle and a working device installed in the working vehicle, and an internal power source and an external power source.SOLUTION: The working vehicle includes: a power source selection part 5 that selects either of an inside power source 4 or an external power source 1 or both of them; a battery 10 that is charged by the power source selected by the power source selection part 5 as the power source for power charging; a drive control part 6 that supplies the power supplied from at least one of the power source selected by the power source selection part 5 or the battery 10 to an electric motor for driving or a PTO electric motor or both electric motors; and a power supply management part 7 that has a plurality of charge management modes that manage the selection of the power source for the charging power in power source selection section 5 and the plurality of driving management modes that manage selection of the power source in the power source selection part 5 and selection of the supply destination of the driving power in the drive control part 6.

Description

The present invention includes a traveling motor for driving a traveling device and a PTO motor for driving a working device, and a stationary work process for driving the PTO motor with the traveling motor stopped and the traveling motor. The present invention relates to a work vehicle that executes a traveling work process for driving the PTO motor in a driven state.
Note that PTO is an abbreviation for (Power Take Off) and means power extraction, but here it is used as a general term for a configuration that supplies power to a work device equipped on a work vehicle.

As a work vehicle configured as described above, Patent Document 1 discloses a generator driven by an engine, a battery capable of storing electric power generated by the generator, and a state in which the engine is stopped. However, the battery is selectively charged with travel driving means that can drive the motor by driving the motor with the power of the battery, and power generated by the generator and power supplied from an external power source. There is described a work vehicle provided with a charging means capable of driving and an electric power extraction means capable of taking out electric power generated by a generator to the outside and driving an electric device such as an electric work device. Furthermore, in this work vehicle, the input part of the battery charger can be connected to a generator and an external power source. The power charged in the battery from the generator or the external power source is output to the motor drive circuit via the controller to drive the electric motor, and AC power or DC power can be taken out to the outside. Thereby, it can function as an AC / DC power supply vehicle and can be connected and driven by an electric working device such as an electric sprayer that operates with AC / DC power.
However, in this work vehicle, either or both of the power from the generator as the internal power source and the power from the external power source are supplied to the battery charger, or an additional service outlet is provided in the battery charger. However, it does not describe battery charging by a combination of an internal power source and an external power source. Furthermore, there is no description regarding an efficient power supply connection between the traveling device of the work vehicle and the work device mounted on the work vehicle, and the internal power supply and the external power supply.

  Further, in the electric vehicle according to Patent Document 2, when the secondary battery is charged by the charging unit in a state where the vehicle is turned off and the charging unit is connected to the external power source, the temperature of the secondary battery is set in advance. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature, the charging means is controlled so that the secondary battery is charged according to a predetermined charging sequence, and when the temperature of the secondary battery is lower than the predetermined temperature, the charging means is limited so that charging is limited by charging according to the predetermined charging sequence. Be controlled. Furthermore, the charging control means prohibits the operation of an auxiliary device (such as an air conditioner) mounted on the vehicle when the detected temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, so that the secondary battery becomes excessive due to a load fluctuation of the auxiliary device. Suppresses charging with electric power. This Patent Document 2 describes an effective supply method of charging power, but does not describe an effective driving method of an auxiliary machine.

  Furthermore, in the electric system of the electric vehicle according to Patent Document 3, when external charging is performed, the large-capacity relay that forms the energization path to the vehicle driving force generation motor is kept off, and the corresponding relay is turned on to turn off the external power supply. A path for charging the main battery is formed by the supplied power, and power can be supplied to the power supply wiring to which the auxiliary load system is connected. Thereby, at the time of external charging, while ensuring the operation of the auxiliary load system, it is possible to increase the charging efficiency by suppressing the power consumption of the relay (switch). However, this electric system does not sufficiently describe an efficient power supply connection between the driving wheel as the traveling device and the auxiliary machine (air conditioner) mounted on the vehicle and the internal power source and the external power source.

JP 2008-30683 A (paragraph number [0008-0049], FIGS. 5 and 6) JP 2010-252427 A (paragraph number [0007-0013], FIG. 1) JP 2009-225587 A (paragraph number [0090], FIG. 1)

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to realize an efficient power supply connection between a traveling device of a work vehicle and a work device attached to the work vehicle, and an internal power source and an external power source.

  A traveling motor that drives the traveling device and a PTO motor that drives the working device, a stationary work process that drives the PTO motor while the traveling motor is stopped, and a state where the traveling motor is driven In order to solve the above-described problems, in the work vehicle that executes the traveling work process that drives the PTO motor, the work vehicle according to the present invention includes an on-vehicle generator that functions as an internal power supply, and the internal power supply as a power supply that supplies power. A power source selection unit that selects either or both of the power source and the external power source, a battery that is charged with the power source selected by the power source selection unit as a power source for charging power, and the power source selected by the power source selection unit and the battery The electric power supplied from at least one of the electric motors of the traveling electric motor and / or the PTO electric motor A drive control unit for supplying drive power to the machine, a plurality of charge management modes for managing selection of the power source for charging power in the power source selection unit, power source selection in the power source selection unit and drive power in the drive control unit And a power supply management unit having a plurality of drive management modes for managing selection of a supply destination.

  According to this configuration, any one or all of the internal power supply, the external power supply, and the battery can be selected as the power supply source, and the selected power is supplied to either the traveling motor or the PTO motor or both. be able to. Therefore, an optimal power supply source and power supply destination can be selected according to the situation of the work vehicle. As a result, an efficient power supply connection between the work apparatus internal power supply and the external power supply can be realized.

  In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, as a preferable drive management mode, a stationary work strengthening mode in which power from both the internal power supply and the external power supply is supplied to the PTO motor during the stationary work process is set. . In this stationary work strengthening mode, the working device can be driven using the electric power from both the internal power supply and the external power supply, which is suitable for performing a heavy load stationary work. If a larger amount of power is required, it is also possible to add power from the battery.

  In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred charge management mode, during stationary charging for charging the battery in a state where the electric motor for traveling is stopped, both the internal power source and the external power source are A charge enhancement mode for supplying power to the battery is set. In this charge enhancement mode, the battery can be charged using the power from both the internal power supply and the external power supply. For example, the battery can be charged at high speed even when the home wiring is used as the external power supply.

  Since the stationary work for driving the work device in a stopped state of the vehicle drives only the work device, it is necessary for the person who performs the operation to clearly recognize it. From this, in one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the power supply management unit includes a seating non-detection signal from the seating detection unit and a brake ON from the parking brake operation detection unit in the driver's seat where the driver is seated. The stationary operation process is allowed to be executed on the condition of the signal. In this configuration, the stationary work process is possible under the condition that there is no driver in the driver's seat and the parking brake is applied.

It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the basic composition of the electric power system in this invention. It is a schematic diagram explaining the basic charge management mode and drive management mode during vehicle travel. It is a schematic diagram explaining the basic charge management mode and drive management mode when the vehicle is stopped. 1 is an external view of a hybrid tractor as one embodiment of the present invention. It is a functional block diagram of the electric power system in a hybrid tractor. It is a schematic diagram explaining an example of the control system which determines automatically the combination of charge management mode and drive management mode.

  Before describing a specific embodiment of the work vehicle according to the present invention, the basic configuration of the power system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG. This work vehicle includes a travel motor M1 as a drive unit for the travel system and PTO motors M2 and M3 as drive units for the work system. A battery 10, an internal power supply 4 and an external power supply 1 are prepared as power supplies for supplying electric power to these electric motors M1, M2, and M3. The internal power source 4 here is a power source mounted on a vehicle other than the battery 10 and is an in-vehicle generator unit that generates electric power by itself. As such an in-vehicle generator unit 4, there are an alternator unit and a solar panel unit using an internal combustion engine (engine) output. The external power source 1 is a commercial power source, and is realized, for example, by inserting a vehicle-side electric plug into an electric outlet installed in a home.

  Furthermore, the work vehicle of the present invention includes a stationary work process for driving the PTO motors M2 and M3 in a stopped state of the vehicle, that is, a state where the traveling motor M1 is stopped, and a traveling state of the vehicle, that is, the traveling motor M1. In order to execute a traveling work process for driving the PTO motors M2 and M3 in the driven state, a power source selection unit 5, a drive control unit 6, and a power supply management unit 7 are provided. The power source selection unit 5 selects either or both of the internal power source 1 and the external power source 4 as a power source for supplying power other than the battery 10. The battery 10 is charged by a power source for charging power selected by the power source selection unit 5 as battery charging power. The drive control unit 6 uses electric power supplied from at least one of the power source (the internal power source 4 and / or the external power source 1) selected by the power source selection unit 5 and the battery 10 as a traveling motor M1 or PTO motors M2, M3. Alternatively, drive power is supplied to both. The power supply management unit 7 includes a plurality of charge management modes for managing selection of a power source for charging power for supplying battery charging power in the power source selection unit 5, power source selection in the power source selection unit 5, and driving power in the drive control unit 6. And a plurality of drive management modes for managing selection of supply destinations. A sensor / switch controller 9 is connected to the power supply management unit 7. The sensor / switch controller 9 is connected to a traveling state detection sensor / switch group, a steering / operation state detection sensor / switch group, and a work state detection sensor / switch group. Accordingly, the power supply management unit 7 evaluates the traveling state of the work vehicle, the operation state of the work device, the remaining battery level, and the like based on the signal from the sensor / switch controller 9, and an appropriate charge management mode corresponding to the situation. And the drive management mode is determined.

  An example of a plurality of charge management modes and drive management modes managed by the power supply management unit 7 is schematically shown in FIGS. FIG. 2 shows a combination of the charge management mode and the drive management mode when the vehicle is traveling, and FIG. 3 shows a combination of the basic charge management mode and the drive management mode when the vehicle is stopped.

A typical combination of the charge management mode and the drive management mode when the vehicle is traveling is as follows. Since the power supply from the external power source is practically impossible when the vehicle travels, the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the battery 10 are the power supply sources here.
(A) The charge management mode is a non-charge mode in which the battery 10 is not charged. In the drive management mode, the power: S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the power: B from the battery 10 are supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 is in a mode for driving and controlling only the traveling system. . As a result, the traveling motor M1 can be driven with high power: S1 + B. In this combination mode, power is supplied only to the traveling system without supplying power to the PTO system, so that the vehicle simply travels without driving the work device.

(B) The charge management mode is a non-charge mode in which the battery 10 is not charged. In the drive management mode, the electric power: S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the electric power: B from the battery 10 are supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 drives and controls both the traveling system and the PTO system. Mode. For example, the traveling motor M1 can be driven by electric power: B from the battery 10, and the PTO electric motor M2 can be driven by electric power: S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4. Of course, the electric power: S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the electric power: B from the battery 10 may be mixed by the drive control unit 6 and appropriately distributed. In this combination mode, since power is supplied to both the PTO system and the traveling system, a traveling work process is performed in which the vehicle travels while driving the working device.

(C) Again, the charge management mode is a non-charge mode in which the battery 10 is not charged. In the drive management mode, power B from the battery 10 is supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 is set to a mode in which drive control is performed on both the traveling system and the PTO system. Even in this combination mode, since power is supplied to both the PTO system and the traveling system, the vehicle travels while driving the work device, and the traveling work process is executed. When the battery 10 has a margin, this combination mode is suitable for night work traveling because it does not involve engine noise.
In the above (a), (b), and (c), since the charge management mode is the non-charge mode, the battery 10 is not charged. However, although not shown, a charging mode is also provided in which at least a part of the electric power S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4 is supplied to the battery 10.

Typical combinations of the charge management mode and the drive management mode when the vehicle is stopped are as follows. Since electric power can be supplied from the external power source when the vehicle is stopped, the on-vehicle generator unit 4, the external power source 1, and the battery 10 are the power supply sources here.
(A) The charge management mode is a non-charge mode in which the battery 10 is not charged. The drive management mode is a mode in which the power: S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the power: S2 from the external power source 1 are supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 drives and controls only the PTO system. To do. As a result, the PTO motor M2 is in a stationary work strengthening mode in which driving with high power: S1 + S2 is possible. In this combination mode, power is supplied only to the PTO system without supplying power to the traveling system, so that the stationary operation process for driving the work device is performed without the vehicle traveling. In addition, when a larger amount of power is required, the power from the battery 10 can be added.

(B) The charge management mode is an internal charge mode in which the battery 10 is charged with the electric power from the in-vehicle generator unit 4: S1. In the drive management mode, only the power S2 from the external power source 1 is supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 is set to an external drive mode in which only the PTO system is driven and controlled. As a result, the PTO motor M2 can be driven while being charged. In this combination mode, the stationary work process is executed while charging the battery 10.

(C) The charge management mode is an external charge mode in which the battery 10 is charged with power from the external power source 1: S2. In the drive management mode, only the electric power S1 from the in-vehicle generator unit 4 is supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 is set to an internal drive mode for driving and controlling only the PTO system. That is, in the mode (b), there is a mode in which the power supply destinations of the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the external power source 1 are replaced. Therefore, when a large amount of power is required for the PTO system, it is preferable to adopt a mode in which the larger one of the in-vehicle generator unit 4 and the external power supply 1 can supply the PTO system.

(D) The charge management mode is an external charge mode in which the battery 10 is charged with power from the external power source 1: S2. In the drive management mode, only the power S2 from the external power source 1 is supplied to the drive control unit 6, and the drive control unit 6 is set to an external drive mode in which only the PTO system is driven and controlled. That is, in this combination mode, the stationary work process is executed only by the external power source 1 while charging the battery 10.

(E) The charge management mode is a combination of power from the on-vehicle generator unit 4: internal charging mode for charging the battery 10 at S 1 and power from the external power source 1: external charging mode for charging the battery 10 at S 2. External charging mode. Thus, the battery 10 is in a charge enhancement mode in which high-speed charging is possible with high power: S1 + S2. The drive management mode is a non-working mode in which power is not supplied to the drive control unit 6. In this combination mode, only the battery 10 is charged at high speed without performing the stationary work process.
If the battery 10 is not charged when the vehicle is stopped, the battery can be replaced during that time.

  Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a tractor. As is apparent from FIGS. 4 and 5, this tractor is equipped with a working device 13 at the rear of the vehicle body supported by the front wheels 11 as steering wheels and the rear wheels 12 as drive wheels. The working device 13 is a type of working (running work) while traveling like a tillage device, a type of working (stationary work) in a stopped state like a backhoe device, a water discharge device or a chemical spraying device. There are types that are used in both running and stationary operations. An engine 40 and a generator (alternator) 41 constituting the in-vehicle generator unit 4 that is an internal power source are arranged in the front part of the vehicle body. The external power source 1 is constructed by connecting an electric plug 1a with a long cable, which is mounted on the airframe, to a socket connected to a commercial power source.

  A driving unit 3 having a flip-up type driving seat 30 is provided at the center of the airframe. The operation unit 3 includes a parking brake lever 31 and a steering wheel 32 as operation devices related to the present invention, but also includes a brake pedal, an accelerator pedal, a transmission lever, and the like. A charge / discharge battery 10 is disposed in a lower region of the operation unit 3.

  Further, in order to detect that the driver is not seated in the driver's seat 30, the seating sensor 91 that detects that the driver's seat 30 is jumping upward, the operation position of the parking brake lever 31 (ON / OFF of the parking brake) A parking brake switch 92 is also provided.

  Further, a right wheel motor (indicated by M11 in the drawing) 81 and a left wheel motor (indicated by M12 in the drawing) 82, which are in-wheel motors for rotating and driving the left rear wheel 12 and the right rear wheel 12, respectively. Is equipped as a traveling motor (indicated by M1 in FIGS. 1 and 2). The rotation speeds of the electric motors 81 and 82 change depending on the amount of power supplied via the drive control unit 6 independently. Accordingly, the rotational speeds of the left rear wheel 12 and the right rear wheel 12 can be made different, and a function as an electronic control differential is also realized.

  As a PTO system for supplying power to the working device 13, a PTO motor (shown as M2 in the drawing) 83 having an output shaft connected to the input shaft of the external working device 11, and a hydraulic pump (shown as P in the drawing). PTO motor (shown as M3 in the drawing) 84 is provided. A hydraulic hose having a service port is connected to the hydraulic pump, and hydraulic pressure can be supplied to various working devices 13. Hereinafter, in order to simplify the description, the PTO motor 83 is used as a general term including the PTO motor 84.

  As an electric control system, this tractor is provided with a power source selection unit 5, a drive control unit 6, a power supply management unit 7, and a sensor / switch controller 9, as particularly relevant to the present invention. Connected by such as.

  The power source selection unit 5 includes a first selection switch 51, an AC-DC converter 52, and a DC-DC converter 53. The first selection switch 51 includes a switch circuit that selects a power source to input power from the generator 41 that is the internal power source 4, the electrical plug 1 a that is connected to the commercial power source that is the external power source 1, or both. Here, since the power selected by the first selection switch 51 is AC power, it is converted to DC by the AC-DC converter 52 and then adjusted to the DC specifications required by the DC-DC converter 53. There are two output lines from the power supply selection unit 5, one connected to the battery 10 and the other connected to the drive control unit 6. With this configuration, the drive control unit 6 can supply power from the external power supply 1 and / or the internal power supply 4 to the battery 10 and / or the drive control unit 6. The power source selection unit 5 has a function of mixing the input two systems of power, dividing it at an appropriate ratio, and outputting it.

  The drive control unit 6 includes a second selection switch 61, a travel inverter 62, and a work inverter 63. The second selection switch 61 includes a switch circuit that inputs power from the power source selection unit 5 and / or the battery 10. The electric power selected and input by the second selection switch 61 is sent to the traveling inverter 62, the working inverter 63, or both. Here, the traveling inverter 62 applies a drive control current (for example, a PWM signal) to each of the right wheel motor 81 and the left wheel motor 82. The work inverter 67 supplies power to the PTO motor 83 and the PTO motor 84 to drive the work device 13. The drive control unit 6 also has a function of mixing the power input from the power source selection unit 5 and the battery 10 when necessary, dividing the power at an appropriate ratio, and outputting the same.

  Since the power supply selection unit 5 and the drive control unit 6 have a plurality of power input systems and a plurality of power output systems, the power supply system that combines the power supply selection unit 5 and the drive control unit 6 is a supply source and a supply destination. A number of different power supply modes can be created. As described above, this power supply mode can be composed of a combination of the charge management mode and the drive management mode. The determination of the mode actually executed from the power supply mode as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 is performed by the power supply management unit 7 built in the management controller that manages various functions of the tractor. It is determined.

  The power supply mode in the power supply management unit 7 can be configured so as to be determined by a direct operation command by an artificial operation tool such as a button / switch operation by the driver. However, when the remaining amount of the battery 10 or consumption prediction is taken into consideration, or when considering the level of energy-saving operation or the level of silent operation, the determination becomes complicated, so this is automatically determined. It is convenient to introduce a control system. An example of such a control system will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG.

  In this control system, a sensor / switch controller 9 connected to various sensors and switches such as a seating sensor 91, a parking brake switch 92, and a battery remaining amount sensor detects the state of various devices from these sensor / switch detection signals. It has a function to do. Examples of such functions include a seating detection unit 9a, a parking brake operation detection unit 9b, a work device operation detection unit 9c, and a battery state detection unit 9d. Such signals (data) output from each functional unit are used as input parameters of the evaluation unit 70 built in the power supply management unit 7. The evaluation unit 70 can be constructed by a program having an algorithm that outputs an evaluation value that can determine one of the drive management mode and one of the charge management modes based on the input parameters. For example, it can be constructed by a technique of a neural network, and more simply by an IF-THEN type judgment formula group. Based on the evaluation value output from the evaluation unit 70, the drive management mode determination unit 71 determines a drive management mode to be executed, and the charge management mode determination unit 72 determines a charge management mode to be executed. The determined charge management mode and drive management mode are transferred to the power source selection unit 5 and the drive control unit 6, and power supply is actually executed.

  In one example, a seating non-detection signal is output from the seating detection unit 9a in the driver's seat 30 where the driver is seated, a brake ON signal is output from the parking brake operation detection unit 9b, and work is performed from the work device operation detection unit 9c. When a start command for the apparatus 13 is output, a work apparatus start permission is output from the power supply management unit 7, and a stationary work process using the work apparatus 13 is actually executed. Conversely, when a seating detection signal is output from the seating detection unit 9a, a brake OFF signal is output from the parking brake operation detection unit 9b, and a start command for the work device 13 is output from the work device operation detection unit 9c. The work device start permission is output from the power supply management unit 7, and the traveling work process using the work device 13 is actually executed. In addition, when an energy saving operation level or a quiet operation level is given, an optimum mode is selected from the modes illustrated in FIG. 3 according to the level.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the engine 40 is used to generate power by driving the generator 41. However, as in a so-called hybrid vehicle, the output of the engine 40 is used as it is in the traveling system. It may be. In this case, the traveling motors 81 and 82 are not wheel motors but generator motors connected to the engine 40 in a serial or parallel manner.
(2) In the above-described embodiment, the generator unit including the engine 40 and the generator 41 is used as the internal power supply 4, but a generator unit including a solar panel may be used. In this generator unit, since direct-current power is output, it is sent directly to the DC-DC converter 53 without passing through the AC-DC converter 52 directly.
(3) In the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to a tractor, but other work vehicles to which the present invention can be applied include lawn mowers, cultivators (management machines), rice transplanters, combines, civil engineering / Examples include construction work devices and snowplows, and the present invention can be applied not only to riding-type work machines but also to walk-type work machines.

The present invention is applicable to a plug-in type electric work vehicle equipped with a work device.

1: External power supply 4: Internal power supply (vehicle generator unit)
5: Power supply selection unit 6: Drive control unit 7: Power supply management unit 10: Battery 11, 12: Traveling device (front wheel, rear wheel)
13: Working device 30: Driver's seat 81, 82: Electric motor for traveling (M1)
83, 84: PTO motor (M2, M3)
9: Sensor / switch controller 9a: Seating detection unit 9b: Parking brake detection unit 91: Seating sensor 92: Parking brake switch

Claims (4)

A traveling motor that drives the traveling device and a PTO motor that drives the working device, a stationary work process that drives the PTO motor while the traveling motor is stopped, and a state where the traveling motor is driven A work vehicle for executing a traveling work process for driving the PTO motor,
An in-vehicle generator that functions as an internal power source;
A power source selection unit that selects either or both of the internal power source and the external power source as a power source for supplying power;
A battery to be charged using the power source selected by the power source selection unit as a power source for charging power;
A drive control unit that supplies driving power to the electric motor for traveling or the PTO electric motor or both of the electric power supplied from at least one of the power source selected by the power source selecting unit and the battery;
A plurality of charge management modes for managing selection of the power for charging power in the power source selection unit, and a plurality of drive management modes for managing selection of a power source in the power source selection unit and a drive power supply destination in the drive control unit A power supply management unit having
Work vehicle equipped with.   The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the drive management mode includes a stationary work strengthening mode in which power from both the internal power supply and the external power supply is supplied to a PTO motor during the stationary work process.   The charge management mode includes a charge enhancement mode in which power from both the internal power source and the external power source is supplied to the battery during stationary charging in which the battery is charged with the traveling motor stopped. The work vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, which is included.   The power supply management unit permits the execution of the stationary work process on condition of a seating non-detection signal from a seating detection unit and a brake ON signal from a parking brake operation detection unit in a driver seat on which a driver is seated. The work vehicle according to any one of 1 to 3.

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