JP2012232716A - Vehicle automatic height-adjusting valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable fine setting of changes in the air discharge amount or changes in the air supply amount in accordance with a vehicle height value in a vehicle automatic height-adjusting valve by means of a new concept.SOLUTION: The vehicle automatic height-adjusting valve 40 is a composite valve wherein, in the X direction from the +X direction to the -X direction, an air supply on-off valve 60, a spool/sleeve mechanism 78, and a displacement sensor 120 are disposed, an operation part 44 is provided between the spool/sleeve mechanism 78 and a link mechanism 24, and a resolver 140 is provided at the reverse side from the operation unit 44, sandwiching the spool/sleeve mechanism 78. The spool/sleeve mechanism 78 is disposed in a manner so that, at a neutral position, the center land part of the spool 80 covers the load port of the sleeve 90.

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle, and in particular, when a vehicle height value changes with a vehicle body height with respect to a vehicle carriage as a vehicle height value, an air spring is extended and reduced automatically and predetermined in advance. The present invention relates to an automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle that adjusts to a vehicle height value.

  In a transportation system using a railroad, an air spring is provided between the carriage and the vehicle body in order to improve the riding comfort of passengers. The air springs are provided on the front and rear and left and right of each vehicle, respectively, and by supplying pressurized air from a pressurized air source to these air springs or discharging the air in the air springs to the atmosphere, Can move up and down with respect to the carriage, and if all the front and rear, left and right air springs are supplied or exhausted, the vehicle body can be moved up and down, and only one of the left and right air springs is supplied, or the other is also When exhaust is used, the vehicle body can be tilted in the left-right direction (vehicle width direction).

  For example, level adjustment control for adjusting the height of the vehicle body to be higher or lower than a predetermined height with respect to the carriage can be performed. Further, it is possible to perform vehicle body tilt control in which the vehicle body is tilted to the inside of the curve in order to relieve excess centrifugal force generated due to the lack of canting of the rails when the vehicle is traveling on the curved portion.

  Patent Document 1 describes a vehicle height measurement device for vehicle body tilt control that can perform highly accurate vehicle height measurement during vehicle body tilt control. Here, for level adjustment control, one end of an opening / closing operation lever is connected to the tip of a shaft that rotates integrally with the opening / closing operation portion of the automatic height adjustment valve so as to be integrally rotatable. The other end of the adjusting rod is connected to the carriage via a bracket, and a vehicle height measuring encoder is provided on the shaft. When the vehicle height changes with the vertical direction of the vehicle body relative to the carriage, for example, when the vehicle height is lowered, the tip of the opening / closing operation lever is pushed up through the adjustment rod, and the automatic height adjustment valve switches, Pressurized air is supplied to the air spring and the vehicle body is raised. When the air spring is extended, the distal end side of the opening / closing operation lever is pulled downward through the adjusting rod, and the supply of pressurized air to the air spring is stopped. In this way, the floor of the vehicle body is controlled to a certain height with respect to the carriage.

  When performing vehicle body tilt control, the air communication system for level adjustment is shut off using the vehicle height measurement encoder, the pneumatic circuit system for vehicle body tilt control is started, the small-diameter air supply valve is opened, and the air spring is supplied. After that, the large-diameter air supply valve is opened, thereby raising the vehicle height. When the predetermined height is reached, the large-diameter air supply valve is closed, and then the small-diameter air supply valve is closed. When the vehicle height is lowered, the exhaust valve is opened to exhaust air from the air spring.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, in a vehicle body tilt control system for a railway vehicle, the vehicle body is supported on a carriage via a pair of left and right air springs, and the height of the left and right air springs is detected by an air spring height detecting means. And an automatic height adjustment valve for adjusting the vehicle body to a constant height, and as an air spring height detection means, it is composed of two or more resolvers having a rotor built in the stator, and the rotor of each resolver is automatically height An arrangement in which the regulating valves are arranged on a common valve shaft is disclosed. The air spring height signals detected from the resolvers are compared with each other, and when they do not coincide with each other, it is determined that one of them is a failure. Thus, it is stated that reliability can be improved by duplication.

Japanese Patent No. 3153160 JP 2006-32791 A

  The vehicle automatic height adjustment valve is a kind of three-way valve that supplies air to the air spring or exhausts air from the air spring in accordance with the direction of change in the vehicle height value. The operation of the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve affects the ride comfort of the vehicle. Currently used automatic height adjustment valves for vehicles can switch between air supply and exhaust, but depending on the vehicle height value, if the change in the air supply amount or the change in the exhaust amount can be set finely, Contributes to improved ride comfort.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a new concept automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle. Another object is to provide an automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle that makes it possible to finely set a change in an air supply amount or a change in an exhaust amount in accordance with a vehicle height value.

  The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to the present invention has one end side in the axial direction as an opening / closing valve end side, an opening for exhaust on the opening / closing valve end side, extends in the axial direction, and the other end communicates with the exhaust port. And a spool having a stem portion provided with a center hole, a center land portion having an outer diameter larger than that of the stem portion, and an outer diameter on the on-off valve end side of the spool, with one end side in the axial direction being an on-off valve end side. The opening / closing valve side opening with a larger inner diameter is provided on the opening / closing valve end side, supports the spool so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and is closed by the central land portion of the spool when the relative position between the spool and the spool is neutral. A sleeve having a load port disposed at a position to be separated, a sleeve having a front port and a rear port disposed in front of and behind the load port in the axial direction and communicating with each other beyond the load port, and one end side serving as an air supply port The other end is connected to the sleeve opening / closing valve end. A continuous cylindrical on-off valve body, an on-off valve body that is housed inside the on-off valve body and has a size that closes the opening on the on-off valve side of the sleeve, and an on-off valve body is attached to the on-off valve end side of the sleeve. A moving mechanism for moving the spool in the axial direction with respect to the sleeve in accordance with a change in the vehicle height value, which is the height of the vehicle body relative to the carriage of the vehicle. When the spool moves toward the open / close valve end with respect to the sleeve, the open / close valve body moves to the supply port side against the urging force of the urging means, and the supply port and the open / close valve side opening of the sleeve are The air supply port communicates with the air spring through the clearance between the central land and the load port from the opening on the opening / closing valve side through the front port and rear port, and the spool is connected to the sleeve by the moving mechanism. When moving to the opposite side of the open / close valve end side, The on-off valve body shields the on-off valve side opening of the sleeve by the biasing force of the on-off valve biasing means, and a gap is created between the on-off valve end side of the spool and the on-off valve valve body to exhaust the spool. The opening and the internal space of the sleeve communicate with each other, and the exhaust port and the air spring communicate with each other through a gap between the central land portion and the load port.

  In the automatic height adjusting valve for a vehicle according to the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a lever that outputs a change in the vehicle height value by a change in the inclination angle with respect to the sleeve, and a change in the inclination angle of the lever in the axial direction of the spool with respect to the sleeve. It is preferable to include an axial direction displacement sensor that detects a change in the axially linear motion of the spool relative to the sleeve as a value corresponding to the vehicle height value.

  In the automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to the present invention, it is preferable that the vehicle further includes a second vehicle height value detecting unit that is provided in the operation unit and detects a change in the rotation angle of the operation unit as a vehicle height value corresponding value.

  In the automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to the present invention, the rotation center position for detecting the inclination angle of the lever of the vehicle height value detecting means and the rotation center position for detecting the rotation angle of the second vehicle height value detecting means are coaxial. It is preferable to arrange | position.

  In the automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to the present invention, the second vehicle height value detecting means is preferably an encoder or a resolver.

  With the above configuration, the automatic height adjusting valve for a vehicle has a spool / sleeve mechanism in which a load port communicating with the air spring corresponding to the central land portion and a front port and a rear port communicating with each other before and after the load port are arranged. Based on. The spool is provided with an exhaust hole along the axial direction. An air supply including an open / close valve body biased to the open / close valve end side of the sleeve by the biasing means is provided on the open / close valve end side of the spool / sleeve mechanism in the axial direction. An on-off valve is arranged. Further, the spool moves relative to the sleeve according to the change in the vehicle height value by the moving mechanism.

  With this configuration, when the spool moves to the open / close valve end side with respect to the sleeve by the moving mechanism, the open / close valve valve body moves to the air supply port side against the urging force of the urging means. Since the air supply port and the opening / closing valve side opening of the sleeve communicate with each other, the air supply port and the air spring communicate with each other. When the spool moves to the opposite side with respect to the sleeve, the on / off valve body shields the on / off valve side opening of the sleeve by the urging force of the urging means of the air supply on / off valve and opens / closes with the on / off valve end side of the spool. Since a gap is formed between the valve valve body and the exhaust opening of the spool and the internal space of the sleeve communicate with each other, the exhaust port and the air spring communicate with each other. Thus, this is a new concept automatic height adjusting valve for a vehicle based on a spool / sleeve mechanism. In addition, the shape of the opening gap formed between the center land portion and the load port can be designed freely, so that the amount of air supply changes according to the movement of the spool relative to the sleeve, that is, according to the vehicle height value. Or it becomes possible to set the change of the exhaust amount finely.

  The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle is provided with an axial displacement sensor that detects a change in the axial movement of the spool relative to the sleeve as a value corresponding to the vehicle height value. Etc. can be performed.

  In addition, in the automatic height adjustment valve for vehicles, it is also provided in the operation unit that converts the change in the tilt angle of the lever into the linear movement of the spool in the axial direction, and the change in the rotation angle of the operation unit is detected as a value corresponding to the vehicle height value. Since the second vehicle height value detecting means is provided, the vehicle height value detection becomes a double system, and the reliability is improved.

  In the automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle, the rotation center position for detecting the inclination angle of the lever of the vehicle height value detecting means and the rotation center position for detecting the rotation angle of the second vehicle height value detecting means are arranged coaxially. Therefore, the correspondence relationship of the vehicle height value detection that is a dual system is improved.

  Further, in the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve, the second vehicle height value detecting means is an encoder or a resolver. Therefore, a vehicle height value detection dual system can be configured by a detection method different from axial displacement detection and rotation angle detection. This can reduce the possibility that each of the duplex systems will fail simultaneously.

It is a figure explaining the mode of the vehicle in which the automatic height adjustment valve for vehicles of the embodiment concerning the present invention is used. It is sectional drawing of the automatic height adjustment valve for vehicles of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the direction orthogonal to FIG. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the automatic height adjustment valve for vehicles of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the case where it supplies with an air spring using FIG. It is a figure explaining the case where it exhausts from an air spring using FIG. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the automatic height adjustment valve for vehicles of embodiment which concerns on this invention.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following, the level adjustment control action as an action for automatically adjusting the height of the vehicle body relative to the carriage when the road surface is flat will be described as an automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle. For example, the vehicle tilts in the left-right direction. Needless to say, the level adjustment control action works in the same way. In addition, as described above, the automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle is described as being used for level adjustment control, but a displacement sensor or the like provided in the automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle can be used for a vehicle body tilt system. In that sense, it corresponds to a regulating valve for vehicle body tilt control in a broad sense.

  In the following description, it is assumed that pressurized air is supplied to the air spring, but the air here is not only the outside air but also a dry air or a gas in which the component ratio of nitrogen and oxygen is appropriately changed. The gas etc. which added the inert gas etc. may be sufficient.

  In the following description, the same elements are denoted by the same reference symbols in all the drawings, and redundant description is omitted. In the description in the text, the symbols described before are used as necessary.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a vehicle 10 in which automatic vehicle height adjustment valves 40 and 41 are used. Note that FIG. 1 shows orthogonal XYZ directions. The X direction is the left-right direction that is the width direction of the vehicle 10, the Y direction is the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the Z direction is the height direction of the vehicle 10.

  The vehicle 10 is provided between a carriage 18 having wheels 16 and 17 rotating on rails 14 and 15 laid on a road surface 12, a vehicle body 20 used by passengers and the like, and between the carriage 18 and the vehicle body 20. The air springs 22 and 23, link mechanisms 24 and 25 provided between the carriage 18 and the vehicle body 20, and automatic vehicle height adjustment valves 40 and 41 are configured. An air spring, a corresponding link mechanism, and an automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle are provided on each of the vehicles on the front, rear, left and right, respectively. In FIG. 1, the two left and right air springs 22 and 23 and the link mechanism are provided. 24 and 25 and only the vehicle automatic height adjustment valves 40 and 41 are shown.

In FIG. 1, three diagrams are arranged. The middle figure shows a state where the vehicle height value h which is the height of the vehicle body 20 with respect to the carriage 18 is a predetermined constant value h _0, and the left figure shows that the vehicle height value h ₁ is greater than the constant value h ₀ . The right figure shows a state where the vehicle height value h ₂ is higher than the constant value h ₀ . In this way, when the height of the vehicle body 20 with respect to the carriage 18 becomes higher or lower than the predetermined height as a whole, the adjustment to return to the predetermined height is the level adjustment control. In the example of FIG. 1, the air springs 22 and 23 are expanded corresponding to the low vehicle height value h ₁ , and the air springs 22 and 23 are contracted corresponding to the high vehicle height value h ₂ , both of which are the vehicle height value h ₀ . Thus, level adjustment control is performed. Level adjustment control is performed by the functions of the link mechanisms 24 and 25 and the automatic height adjustment valves 40 and 41.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the air springs 22 and 23, the link mechanisms 24 and 25, and the vehicle automatic height adjustment valves 40 and 41 are provided symmetrically in the left-right direction that is the width direction of the vehicle 10. In the following description, the air spring 22, the link mechanism 24, and the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40 will be representatively described.

  The link mechanism 24 includes a carriage side arm that is supported at one end so as to be rotatable with respect to the carriage 18, a lever that is a vehicle body side arm that is supported at the other end so as to be rotatable relative to the vehicle body 20, and the other of the carriage side arm. When the height position of the vehicle body 20 with respect to the carriage 18 changes, the link shape of the link mechanism 24 changes, and the change in the shape is caused by the carriage. 18 is uniquely determined by the height of the vehicle body 20 with respect to 18. Therefore, for example, a predetermined inclination angle of the vehicle body side arm with respect to the reference plane of the vehicle body 20 can be used as a height corresponding value corresponding to the height of the vehicle body with respect to the carriage. In that sense, the link mechanism 24 is a vehicle height detector that can provide a height corresponding value as a vehicle height value.

  The vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40 is mechanically driven based on the inclination angle of the link mechanism 24, and includes a load port connected to the air spring 22, an air supply port connected to the gas supply source 32, an atmosphere. As will be described later, this is a kind of three-way valve having an exhaust port that is open to the inside, and has a structure in which a spool / sleeve type valve and an air supply on / off valve are integrated. The gas supply source 32 is a pressurized gas supply device, and can be constituted by, for example, a compressor. The operation unit 44 is a mechanism that mechanically drives the spool by converting the change in the inclination angle of the link mechanism 24 into the linear movement of the spool. The air supply / exhaust path 42 is a flow path member that connects the load port of the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40 and the air spring 22.

  2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the XZ plane, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the XY plane.

  The vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40 is provided with an air supply on / off valve 60, a spool / sleeve mechanism 78, and a displacement sensor 120 from the + X direction to the -X direction along the X direction. An operation unit 44 is provided between the mechanism 78 and the link mechanism 24, and the resolver 140 is coaxially provided in the operation unit 44, and these are composite valves that are housed in the outer case 91.

  The air supply opening / closing valve 60 is disposed between the air supply connection port 53 connected to the gas supply source 32 and the spool / sleeve mechanism 78, and communicates between the air supply connection port 53 and the spool / sleeve mechanism 78. The valve has a function of opening and closing, and is configured to include an on-off valve body 61 that is a tubular member, and a valve body mechanism 64 that is arranged in a form of being housed inside the on-off valve body 61. The detailed configuration of the air supply on / off valve 60 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The spool / sleeve mechanism includes a spool 80 that is movable in the X direction, which is an axial direction, and a sleeve 90 that slidably supports the spool 80. The sleeve 90 is supported by being fixed to the outer case 91. The detailed configuration of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 will be described later with reference to FIG. Here, a state is shown in which the center hole 84 communicating with the exhaust port 55 opened to the atmosphere is provided in the spool 80 and the load port 50 communicating with the load connection port 51 connected to the air spring 22 is provided in the sleeve 90. Has been.

  Before describing the operation unit 44, the link mechanism 24 connected to the operation unit 44 will be described. The link mechanism 24 includes a carriage side arm 26 whose other end is rotatably held by the carriage 18 and a lever 28 which is a vehicle body side arm whose one end is rotatably held by the vehicle body 20. One end of the lever 26 and the other end of the lever 28 are connected to each other by the rotating portion 27 so as to be freely rotatable. With this configuration, when the vehicle height value h, which is the height of the vehicle body 20 with respect to the carriage 18, changes, the lever 28 changes the inclination angle with respect to the vehicle body side attachment portion that is rotatably attached to the vehicle body 20. In FIG. 2, this inclination angle is shown as θ.

  The operation unit 44 is a cylindrical member rotatably attached to the casing of the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40, and one end of the lever 28 is fixedly attached to the position of the rotation center 45. That is, the position of the rotation center 45 of the operation portion 44 is the vehicle body side attachment portion of the lever 28. Accordingly, when the vehicle height value h changes and the inclination angle θ of the lever 28 changes, the operation unit 44 rotates around the rotation center 45 by the change in the inclination angle θ.

  The operation portion 44 functions as a vehicle body side attachment portion of the lever 28 and changes the rotation angle corresponding to the change of the inclination angle θ of the lever 28 in the X direction that is the axial direction of the spool 80 of the spool-sleeve mechanism 78. It has a rotation / straight line conversion function that converts it into a straight line motion.

  The rotation / straight-ahead conversion function is performed by an eccentric pin 112 provided on the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 side of the operation portion 44 and a guide groove 114 provided on the moving plate portion 110 of the spool 80. A biasing spring 111 is preferably provided between the moving plate part 110 and the outer case 91. In some cases, the biasing spring 111 may be omitted. Here, the axial direction of the rotation center 45 of the operation unit 44 is parallel to the Y direction and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78. The rotation center 45 is separated in the −Z direction by a predetermined distance from the spool / sleeve mechanism 78. The eccentric pin 112 is arranged eccentrically in the −Z direction by a predetermined distance from the rotation center 45 toward the spool / sleeve mechanism 78. That is, the eccentric pin 112 is disposed at the same position as the height in the Z direction in the axial direction of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 as the height position in the Z direction.

  By arranging the eccentric pin 112 in this way, when the operation portion 44 rotates around the rotation center 45, the eccentric pin 112 moves in an arc shape substantially along the axial direction of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78. . Since the guide groove 114 provided in the moving plate portion 110 of the spool 80 has a function of guiding the eccentric pin 112, the moving plate portion 110 moves in response to the movement of the eccentric pin 112. It moves along the X direction which is the axial direction. The above is the content of the rotation / straight-ahead conversion function by the moving plate part 110 having the eccentric pin 112 and the guide groove 114.

  The displacement sensor 120 is a differential transformer type displacement sensor that detects a displacement that is a change in the position of the linear movement of the spool 80 in the spool-sleeve mechanism 78 along the X direction. The displacement sensor 120 is connected to an end portion of the spool 80 in the −X direction, and includes a magnetic body shaft 122 extending in the −X direction, and three coils 124 arranged around the outer periphery of the magnetic body shaft 122. Composed. The connector 126 is a signal terminal connector that takes out signal lines from the three coils 124 to the outside.

  Here, when the magnetic body shaft 122 moves in the X direction, induced signals are generated in the three coils 124, and these signals are differentially processed to change the position of the magnetic body shaft 122 in the X direction, that is, the spool. A change in position in the axial direction of 80 can be detected.

  As described above, the displacement sensor 120 can take out the change in the vehicle height value h with an electrical signal by the link mechanism 24 and the rotation / straight-motion conversion function of the operation unit 44. Even if this is not done, the vehicle height value h can be detected directly using an electrical sensor, but the electrical signal system may be disconnected, malfunctioned, or the like. The displacement sensor 120 uses the link mechanism 24, which is a mechanical detection means, to detect the vehicle height value h, and uses the rotation / linear motion conversion function, which is a mechanical function of the operation unit 44, to finally convert the vehicle height value h into an electrical signal. Since the conversion is performed, the vulnerability due to the electrical signal can be significantly suppressed as compared with the detection of the vehicle height value h by the direct electrical sensor.

  A resolver 140 provided coaxially with the operation unit 44 on the operation unit 44 side with respect to the spool and sleeve mechanism 78 is a sensor for reinforcing the detection of the vehicle height value h by the displacement sensor 120 in a double system. The resolver 140 includes a poled rotor that is attached to the central axis of the operation unit 44 and a detection coil that is disposed around the outer periphery of the rotor. Here, when the operation unit 44 rotates, the rotation position of the pole of the poled rotor changes, and the change is detected by the detection coil.

  As described above, the change in the inclination angle θ of the lever 28 of the link mechanism 24 is converted into the linear movement of the spool 80 of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 by the rotation / straight-ahead conversion function of the operation unit 44. The motion is detected as an angular position by the resolver 140.

  As described above, the displacement sensor 120 detects a displacement along the X direction, which is a change in the straight movement, and the resolver 140 detects a rotational position. The detection values are all values corresponding to the vehicle height value h, but the detection method is different, so that the duplex system of the system that obtains the vehicle height value h by an electric signal is robust. Instead of the resolver 140, another rotation detection sensor may be used. For example, an encoder may be used.

  Next, the air supply on / off valve 60 and the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40.

  The air supply opening / closing valve 60 includes an opening / closing valve body 61 that constitutes a part of the casing of the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40, and a valve body mechanism 64 that is disposed so as to be housed in the internal space 62. Consists of including.

  The on-off valve body 61 is a cylindrical member having one end connected to the air supply port 52 and the other end connected to the open / close valve end of the sleeve 90 of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78. An annular protrusion 63 is provided on one end side of the on-off valve body 61.

  The valve body mechanism 64 is a bi-directional valve body with a spring which has a disk on both sides and a coil spring 70 having a weak spring constant is attached between the disks. Specifically, the valve body mechanism 64 includes an air supply side valve body 66 that is a disk on the air supply port 52 side, an on-off valve body 68 that is a disk on the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 side, and an air supply side. A coil spring 70 that is an urging means for connecting the valve body 66 and the on-off valve body 68 is included. The coil spring 70 applies an urging force to the supply side valve body 66 and the on-off valve body 68 in a direction in which they are separated from each other.

  The air supply side valve element 66 has a check valve function for preventing a backflow when the internal pressure of the on-off valve body 61 becomes higher than the supply pressure, and is provided on one end side of the on-off valve body 61. It is a disk which has the external shape of the magnitude | size which plugs up the opening part enclosed by the annular | circular shaped protrusion part 63 by which it is made.

  In the neutral state, the on-off valve body 68 has an outer shape large enough to close the on-off valve side opening, which is an opening surrounded by an annular protrusion 98 provided on the on-off valve end side of a sleeve 90 described later. It is a disk. The on-off valve body 68 is urged toward the other end side of the on-off valve body 61 by the coil spring 70, and therefore, in the neutral state, the on-off valve body 68 has a protrusion 98 on the on-off valve end side of the sleeve 90. Pressed against. In FIG. 4, the vicinity 65 on the opening / closing valve end side is shown surrounded by a broken line.

  Further, when the spool 80 and the sleeve 90 are in a neutral state, the annular protrusion 88 provided on the open / close valve end side of the spool 80 is exactly the same as the annular protrusion 98 of the sleeve 90 in the X direction. Therefore, in the neutral state, the on-off valve body 68 is simultaneously pressed against the protrusion 88 on the on-off valve end side of the spool 80. As a result, in the neutral state, both the opening surrounded by the protruding portion 98 on the opening / closing valve end side of the sleeve 90 and the opening surrounded by the protruding portion 98 on the opening / closing valve end side of the spool 80 are both closed. It is. The surface 69 of the on-off valve body 68 on the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 side, the tip end portion of the protruding portion 98 of the sleeve 90, and the tip end portion of the protruding portion 88 of the spool 80 can be tightly adhered to each other. .

  The spool 80 of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 has an exhaust opening 82 on the open / close valve end side, with the + X direction end, which is one end side in the axial direction, on the open / close valve end side, and extends along the axial direction. This shaft member has a thin shaft stem portion provided with a center hole 84 whose end communicates with the exhaust port 54 and a central land portion 86 having an outer diameter larger than that of the stem portion. The exhaust opening 82 is an opening surrounded by the annular protrusion 88. The exhaust port 54 communicates with an exhaust port 55 that is open to the atmosphere.

  The sleeve 90 has an opening / closing valve side opening having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the opening / closing valve end side of the spool 80 on the opening / closing valve end side, with the + X direction end being one end side in the axial direction being the opening / closing valve end side. , A member having a guide hole in the inside thereof for supporting the spool 80 slidably in the axial direction. The on-off valve side opening is an opening surrounded by an annular protrusion 98 on the on-off valve end side. FIG. 4 shows a gap space 100 between the outer diameter of the spool 80 on the opening / closing valve end side and the inner diameter of the opening / closing valve side opening of the sleeve 90.

  Since the sleeve 90 is a precision machined part that slidably supports the spool 80, the sleeve 90 is made relatively small. An outer case 91 that is disposed outside the sleeve 90 that is a precision machined part and holds the sleeve 90 is a part that constitutes a housing portion of the automatic height adjustment valve 40 for a vehicle, and is integrally combined with the on-off valve body 61. It is.

  The sleeve 90 has a load port 50 disposed at a position that is blocked by the central land portion 86 of the spool 80 when the relative position between the sleeve 90 and the spool 80 is in a neutral state, and the front and rear of the load port 50 along the axial direction. It has a front port 92 and a rear port 94 which are arranged and communicate with each other by a communication passage 96 beyond the load port 50. The load port 50 is connected to the air spring 22 via the air supply / exhaust passage 42 described in FIG.

  As described above, since the front port 92 and the rear port 94 communicating with each other before and after the load port 50 are provided, when the spool 80 moves relative to the sleeve 90, the moving direction is the + X direction. Even in the negative direction, the load port 50, the front port 92, and the rear port 94 can be in communication.

The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 shows the case where the actual vehicle height value h is h ₁ lower than the flat height h _0, and when the pressurized air is supplied to the air spring 22, FIG. 6 shows that the actual vehicle height value h is This corresponds to the case where exhaust is performed from the air spring 22 when h ₂ is higher than the flat height h ₀ .

FIG. 5 shows a case where the actual vehicle height value h is h ₁ lower than the flat height h ₀ . This corresponds to the case where the spool 80 moves in the + X direction with respect to the sleeve 90. Here, the on-off valve body 68 moves toward the air supply port 52 while resisting the urging force of the coil spring 70 that is the urging means, so that the sleeve 90 protrudes in the vicinity 65 on the on-off valve end side. A gap is formed between the portion 98 and the on-off valve body 68, and the pressurized gas from the air supply port 52 passes through the gap and the gap space 100 between the inner diameter of the sleeve 90 and the outer diameter of the spool 80. Flow into. Then, the pressurized gas that has flowed in passes through the front port 92, the communication path 96, and the rear port 94, and is generated in the −X direction side due to a positional shift between the center land portion 86 of the spool 80 and the load port 50. The air flows into the load port 50 from the opening and is supplied from the air supply / exhaust passage 42 to the air spring 22.

In this manner, the air supply port 52 and the air spring 22 communicate with each other, whereby pressurized air is supplied to the air spring 22 and the air spring 22 extends. When the air spring 22 is extended, the vehicle height value h becomes higher than h ₁ . When the vehicle height value h increases, the spool 80 is returned to the −X direction with respect to the sleeve 90. When the vehicle height value h reaches the flat height h ₀ , the central land portion 86 of the spool 80 returns to the position where it just closes the load port 50, thereby returning to the initial state of FIG. The supply of pressurized gas stops. In this way, the level adjustment control for automatically returning the vehicle height value from h ₁ to the flat height h ₀ is automatically performed.

FIG. 6 shows a case where the actual vehicle height value h is h ₂ which is higher than the flat height h ₀ . This corresponds to the case where the spool 80 moves in the −X direction with respect to the sleeve 90. Here, the on-off valve body 68 shields the on-off valve side opening of the sleeve 90 by the urging force of the coil spring 70 that is the urging means of the air supply on-off valve 60. Specifically, the on-off valve body 68 is pressed against the annular projecting portion 98 of the sleeve 90 in the vicinity 65 on the on-off valve end side. As a result, the supply of pressurized gas from the air supply port 52 is shut off. At this time, since a gap is generated between the open / close valve end side of the spool 80 and the open / close valve valve body 68, the exhaust opening 82 of the spool 80, the inner diameter of the sleeve 90, and the outer diameter of the spool 80 Communication with the interior space. Specifically, a gap is generated between the annular protrusion 88 on the opening / closing valve end side of the spool 80 and the opening / closing valve body 68. As a result, the clearance space 100 between the inner diameter of the sleeve 90 and the outer diameter of the spool 80 and the exhaust opening 82 of the spool 80 communicate with each other.

  Then, the + X direction side opening caused by the positional deviation between the central land portion 86 of the spool 80 and the load port 50 communicates with the load port 50, and the air supply / exhaust passage 42 communicates with the air spring 22. Therefore, the gas from the air spring 22 is discharged from the exhaust port 55 to the atmosphere through the supply / exhaust passage 42, the load port 50, the gap space 100, and the exhaust opening 82 and through the exhaust port 54.

In this way, the air spring 22 and the exhaust port 55 communicate with each other, whereby gas is released from the air spring 22 to the atmosphere, and the air spring 22 is reduced. When the air spring 22 shrinks, the vehicle height value h becomes lower than h ₂ . When the vehicle height value h decreases, the spool 80 is returned to the + X direction with respect to the sleeve 90. When the vehicle height value h reaches the flat height h ₀ , the central land portion 86 of the spool 80 returns to the position where it just closes the load port 50, thereby returning to the initial state of FIG. Release stops. In this way, the level adjustment control for automatically returning the vehicle height value from h ₂ to the flat height h ₀ is automatically performed.

  Next, the effect of having the center land portion 86 and the load port 50 in the vehicle automatic height adjustment valve 40 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents the vehicle height value change Δh, and the vertical axis represents the flow rate Q flowing through the load port 50. Δh on the horizontal axis corresponds to the amount of movement of the spool / sleeve mechanism 78 in the X direction, and indicates the relative positional relationship between the central land portion 86 and the load port 50.

  Here, the flow rate Q is proportional to the gas communication area determined by the overlap between the load port 50 and the central land portion 86. Therefore, Q / Δh can be arbitrarily designed by devising the shape of the opening portion of the load port 50 and the shape of the shielding portion facing the load port 50 of the central land portion 86. For example, the gas communication area can be designed to change linearly with respect to the relative positional relationship between the center land portion 86 and the load port 50, so that the gas communication area changes nonlinearly. It can also be designed. In this way, various Q / Δh characteristics can be selected as shown by the solid line, broken line, and alternate long and short dash line in FIG. As a result, the degree of freedom in design of the Q / Δh characteristic is increased, so that, for example, level adjustment control can be set finely in accordance with vehicle specifications.

  The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to the present invention can be used for a railway vehicle or the like.

  10 vehicles, 12 road surfaces, 14, 15 rails, 16, 17 wheels, 18 carts, 20 vehicle bodies, 22, 23 air springs, 24, 25 link mechanisms, 26 cart side arms, 27 rotating parts, 28 levers, 32 gas supply sources , 40, 41 Automatic height adjustment valve for vehicle, 42 Air supply / exhaust passage, 44 Operation section, 45 Center of rotation, 50 Load port, 51 Load connection port, 52 Air supply port, 53 Air supply port, 54 Exhaust port, 55 Exhaust port, 60 Air supply opening / closing valve, 61 Opening / closing valve body, 62 Internal space, 63, 88, 98 Protruding part, 64 Valve body mechanism, 65 Near part of opening / closing valve end side, 66 Air supply side valve body, 67, 69 Surface, 68 Open / close valve body, 70 Coil spring, 78 Spool / sleeve mechanism, 80 Spool, 82 Exhaust opening, 84 Center hole, 86 Center land, 90 Sleeve, 9 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer case, 92 Front port, 94 Rear port, 96 Communication path, 100 Clearance space, 110 Moving plate part, 111 Energizing spring, 112,132 Eccentric pin, 114,134 Guide groove, 120 Displacement sensor, 122 Magnetic body axis , 124 (displacement sensor) coil, 126 connector, 140 resolver, 142 rotor shaft, 144 (resolver) coil.

Claims (5)

From the stem part, a stem part having one end side in the axial direction as an on-off valve end side, an opening for exhaust on the on-off valve end side, extending in the axial direction, and having a central hole communicating with the exhaust port at the other end A spool having a central land portion with a large outer diameter,
One end side in the axial direction is the open / close valve end side, and the open / close valve side opening with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter on the open / close valve end side of the spool is on the open / close valve end side so that the spool can slide in the axial direction. A load port that is supported and disposed at a position that is blocked by the central land portion of the spool when the relative position between the spool and the spool is in a neutral state, and is disposed before and after the load port along the axial direction. A sleeve having a front port and a rear port communicating with each other;
A cylindrical on / off valve body with one end connected to the air supply port and the other end connected to the on / off valve end of the sleeve, and an open / close size that is housed inside the on / off valve body and closes the on / off valve side opening of the sleeve An air supply on-off valve including a valve body and an urging means for urging the on-off valve body toward the on-off valve end of the sleeve;
A moving mechanism for moving the spool in the axial direction with respect to the sleeve in accordance with a change in the vehicle height value which is the height of the vehicle body relative to the vehicle carriage;
With
When the spool moves to the open / close valve end side with respect to the sleeve by the moving mechanism, the open / close valve body moves to the supply port side against the urging force of the urging means, and the open / close valve side opening of the supply port and the sleeve The air supply port and the air spring communicate with each other through the gap between the central land and the load port from the opening and closing valve side opening through the front port and the rear port.
When the spool moves to the opposite side of the on / off valve end side with respect to the sleeve by the moving mechanism, the on / off valve body shields the on / off valve side opening of the sleeve by the urging force of the urging means of the air supply on / off valve, A gap is created between the open / close valve end of the spool and the open / close valve disc to communicate between the exhaust opening of the spool and the internal space of the sleeve, and through the gap between the center land and the load port. An automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle, wherein the exhaust port and the air spring communicate with each other. The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to claim 1,
The moving mechanism is
A lever that outputs the change in the vehicle height by the change in the inclination angle with respect to the sleeve;
An operation unit for converting a change in the inclination angle of the lever into a linear movement in the axial direction of the spool with respect to the sleeve;
Including
An automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle, comprising an axial displacement sensor that detects a change in the axial movement of the spool relative to the sleeve as a value corresponding to a vehicle height value. The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to claim 2,
further,
An automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle, comprising a second vehicle height value detecting means provided in the operation portion and detecting a change in the rotation angle of the operation portion as a vehicle height value corresponding value. The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to claim 3,
A vehicle height adjusting valve characterized in that a rotation center position for detecting a tilt angle of a lever of a vehicle height value detecting means and a rotation center position for detecting a rotation angle of a second vehicle height value detecting means are arranged coaxially. . The automatic height adjustment valve for a vehicle according to claim 4,
The automatic height adjusting valve for a vehicle, wherein the second vehicle height value detecting means is an encoder or a resolver.

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