JP2012225530A - Heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating device capable of using the solid flammable material of a fixed form or an indeterminate form as fuel by directly charging the same even in an undried state.SOLUTION: The heating device 1 includes a combustion furnace 10 for burning the solid flammable material 2. The combustion furnace 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape in which a flammable material charging opening 11 for charging the solid flammable material 2 is provided in the side face or the upper surface. In the bottom of the combustion furnace 10, a combustion plate 30 is arranged for placing and burning the solid flammable material 2, and in the side face of the combustion furnace 10, an air blowing opening 12 for blowing heated air into the combustion furnace 10 is provided at a position which is upper than the upper surface position of the combustion plate 30 by a predetermined distance. The heated air is blown in the combustion furnace 10 from the air blowing opening 12 to apply the heated air to the solid flammable material 2 which is charged through the flammable material charging opening 11 and is placed on the combustion plate 30, and the solid flammable material 2 is burnt.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating device, and more particularly to a heating device using a solid fuel as a fuel.

In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, a heating device using a wood-based solid fuel as fuel has attracted attention. As an example of the wood-based solid fuel material, there is a wood pellet, and as an example of a heating device using this as a fuel, a pellet stove for heating is put into practical use.
Here, the wood pellet is a solid fuel material obtained by pulverizing, compressing and molding sawdust, bark, etc. of thinned wood or sawmill waste, and has a length of 5 to 20 [mm] and a diameter of 6 to 12 [mm], for example. These are generally cylindrical shapes. Wood pellets are environmentally friendly clean fuels that emit almost no NOx or SOx compared to fossil fuels such as coal and oil.

  As an example of a heating apparatus (here, a heating apparatus) using wood pellets, a pellet stove described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. The fuel material (wood pellets) supply method in the pellet stove is called the screw method, but this supply method can supply regular wood pellets, but the shape and size of the fuel varies. There was a problem that it was difficult to deal with, and that it was not possible to deal with irregular shaped and powdered fuels.

  For example, Patent Document 2 describes a pellet stove that can use a coffee extract as an example of a powdered fuel material. However, even in the pellet stove, the powdered fuel material is not burned as it is, but after compression and solidification, it is used as fuel, and in that respect is the same as the pellet stove using conventional wood pellets I can say that.

On the other hand, Patent Literature 3 discloses a pellet stove that can use any of wood pellets of a fixed form fuel and firewood that is an example of an indefinite form of a fire material.
However, the pellet stove is a technique for preventing incomplete combustion of these fuel materials and facilitating cleaning, and does not touch on a supply mechanism of the amorphous fuel material.

JP 2005-121337 A JP 2006-3032 A JP 2008-107005 A

  Against the background of growing demand for heating devices that use wood-based solid fuels exemplified in the above-mentioned pellet stoves as fuel, building waste materials in addition to regular solid fuel materials such as wood pellets produced by molding Or wood solid pellets of irregular solid fuel (wood pieces) obtained by cutting or pulverizing thinned wood, or mushroom cultivation medium, rice husk, buckwheat husk, sawdust, coffee extract, etc. There is a demand for realizing a heating device that can be used as it is without being processed.

  In particular, sawdust, waste medium after being used as a mushroom cultivation medium, or wood pieces that have just been cut from thinned wood cannot be used as fuel unless they are dried because they contain a large amount of water. There was a problem. For example, in order to naturally dry a piece of wood having a moisture content of 80 [wt%] to a moisture content of 60 [wt%], it is necessary to leave it for about a year, and the utilization efficiency was very poor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a heating device that can be used as a fuel by directly charging a solid fuel material having a fixed shape or an indeterminate shape even when it is not dried. For the purpose.

  As an embodiment, the above-described problem is solved by a solution as disclosed below.

  The disclosed heating apparatus is a heating apparatus that generates heat by burning a solid fuel material as a fuel in a combustion furnace. The combustion furnace is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the solid fuel material is burned on a side surface or an upper surface. There is provided a fuel inlet for charging into the furnace, a combustion plate for placing and burning the solid fuel material is disposed at the bottom of the combustion furnace, and the combustion plate is disposed on the side of the combustion furnace. An air blowing port for blowing heated air into the combustion furnace is provided at a position a predetermined distance above the upper surface position, and heated air is blown into the combustion furnace through the air blowing port, from the fuel input port. It is a requirement that the heated air is applied to the solid fuel material that has been charged and placed on the combustion plate, and the solid fuel material is combusted.

  According to the disclosed heating apparatus, the solid and non-standard solid fuel can be directly fed even in a dry state as well as in a dry state, and the solid fuel can be used as a fuel. It can be used.

It is a top view which shows the example of the heating apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing which shows the structure of the heating apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the combustion plate and ash discharge plate of the heating apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the ash scraping member of the heating apparatus of FIG. It is a top view which shows the example of the heating apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing which shows the structure of the heating apparatus of FIG. It is a top view which shows the example of the heating apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the example of the heating apparatus which concerns on 4th embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a top view (schematic diagram) illustrating an example of a heating device 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front sectional view (schematic diagram) of the heating device 1. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiments, and the repetitive description thereof may be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heating device 1 includes a combustion furnace 10 that generates heat by burning a solid fuel material 2 as a fuel inside. Although the combustion furnace 10 in this embodiment is formed in the cylindrical shape, it is not limited to this. Steel is used as the basic steel material constituting the heating device 1. Since this heating device 1 can obtain a heat generating action by burning the solid fuel material 2 in the combustion furnace 10, it is taken out by a heat exchanger or the like, and is used at home, in an agricultural greenhouse, in a factory, etc. Of course, it can be used as a heat source for heating, and can be used for hot water supply as a heat source for generating hot water, and can also be used for power generation as a heat source for generating steam. Can be used.

  A combustion plate 20 is disposed inside the combustion furnace 10. Here, FIG. 3 shows a perspective view (schematic diagram) of the combustion plate 20 viewed from the lower surface direction. In addition, the code | symbol 25 in FIG. 3 is an ash discharge | emission board mentioned later. The combustion plate 20 is a member for placing the solid fuel material 2 on the upper surface and burning it. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the combustion plate 20 is rotatably supported by a shaft member 21, and the driving force of the drive source 24 is applied to a sprocket 22 connected to the shaft member 21 via a chain 23. The combustion plate 20 is driven to rotate by being transmitted. As an example, the combustion plate 20 in the present embodiment is formed in a disk shape in the rotation plane using an iron plate having a diameter of about 1 [m] and a thickness of about 5 [mm]. According to this, it becomes possible to burn the solid fuel material 2 on the combustion plate 20 while rotating the combustion plate 20. Further, the combustion plate 20 is provided with a through hole 20a penetrating the upper surface and the lower surface, and the ash generated by burning the solid fuel material 2 on the combustion plate 20 is passed through the through hole 20a. Thus, the action of discharging the combustion plate 20 downward is obtained.

  In the present embodiment, an electric motor provided outside the combustion furnace 10 is used as the drive source 24. However, it is not limited to an electric motor. The rotational speed of the drive source (electric motor) 24 is variably controlled by a control unit (not shown). According to this, the number of rotations can be appropriately set according to the amount of water, the amount of input, etc. of the solid fuel material 2. As an example, the rotational speed of the combustion plate 20 is set to about 1 [rpm].

  Further, the combustion furnace 10 is provided with a fuel input 11 for introducing the solid fuel 2 into the furnace on the side surface. It is also conceivable that the fuel material inlet 11 is provided on the upper surface of the combustion furnace 10 (not shown). In the present embodiment, the fuel material inlet 11 is disposed so as to be inclined downward toward the furnace, and the solid fuel material 2 is charged into the furnace by gravity drop. If the solid fuel 2 is introduced into the combustion furnace 10 while rotating the combustion plate 20, the solid fuel 2 can be placed uniformly along the circumferential direction on the combustion plate 20. The effect of preventing the unevenness of the fuel 2 and enabling stable combustion is obtained. Of course, it is also possible to put the solid fuel material 2 into the combustion furnace 10 with the combustion plate 20 stopped rotating.

  In order to prevent the fuel input port 11 from acting as a chimney of the combustion furnace 10, it is preferable to provide a chimney that communicates from the combustion furnace 10 to the outside of the combustion furnace 10 for exhaust. Yes (not shown).

  Further, an air blowing port 12 through which heated air is blown into the combustion furnace is provided on the side surface of the combustion furnace 10 at a position above the upper surface position of the combustion plate 20 by a predetermined distance L1. The predetermined distance L1 is appropriately set in consideration of the shape, material, deposition amount, etc. of the solid fuel material 2. According to this, while rotating the combustion plate 20, heated air is blown into the combustion furnace 10 from the air blowing port 12, and the heated air is applied to the solid fuel material 2 placed on the combustion plate 20. be able to. As a result, since the solid fuel material 2 can be dried by high-temperature heated air (details will be described later), the solid fuel material 2 having a large amount of water is not directly passed into the furnace without being dried. Is possible. Therefore, in the past, it was necessary to provide a separate drying step, and the raw wood chips immediately after formation (for example, water content 80 [wt%]), sawdust, mushroom cultivation medium (waste medium), etc. are not dried Since it can be directly put into the furnace as it is, it does not take time and cost can be reduced by reducing a separate drying process. Furthermore, since the discarded materials (waste medium etc.) that have been disposed of can be used as fuel, it is possible to obtain a synergistic effect of reducing the disposal cost and the fuel cost.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of air blowing ports 12 (four as an example, but not limited to this) are provided, whereby the number of times / time at which the heated air is blown onto the solid fuel 2 Therefore, the drying effect of the solid fuel material 2 is enhanced. In the present embodiment, while the combustion plate 20 is rotated, heated air is blown into the combustion furnace 10 from the air blowing port 12, thereby drying the solid fuel material 2 and simultaneously burning the solid fuel material 2. Is going.

Here, the structure for generating the above-mentioned heated air is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the combustion furnace 10 is provided with a first air heating chamber 14 which is a space for heating air at a position adjacent to the outside of the side surface, and the first air heating chamber. A second air heating chamber 15, which is a space portion for preheating by introducing air (outside air) through an air intake port 13 that opens to the outside, is provided at a position adjacent to the outside of 14. The second air heating chamber 15 may be provided at a position adjacent to the outside of the side surface of the combustion furnace 10 (not shown). A blower 17 is connected between the second air heating chamber 15 and the first air heating chamber 14 so as to communicate with each other via an air pipe 16. By the air blowing action of the blower 17, the air preheated in the second air heating chamber 15 is sucked and sent to the first air heating chamber 14. Further, the air (heated air) heated in the first air heating chamber 14 is blown from the first air heating chamber 14 into the combustion furnace 10 through the air blowing port 12.
According to the said structure, it becomes possible to generate | occur | produce high temperature heating air using the heat | fever generate | occur | produced by burning the solid fuel material 2 in the combustion furnace 10. FIG. For example, when the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace 10 is about 600 [° C.], the room temperature in the first air heating chamber 14 adjacent to the side surface of the combustion furnace 10 is about 400 to 500 [° C.]. The room temperature in the second air heating chamber 15 adjacent to the first air heating chamber 14 is about 200 to 300 [° C.]. Therefore, by introducing the air (outside air) taken from the air intake 13 into the second air heating chamber 15 first, heated air preheated to about 200 to 300 [° C.] can be obtained, and then By introducing the heated air into the first air heating chamber 14, it is possible to obtain heated air that is finally heated to a high temperature of about 400 to 500 [° C.]. In this way, by providing the first air heating chamber 14 and the second air heating chamber 15 having a two-layer structure, high-temperature heating air can be generated. It becomes possible to enhance the drying action of the solid fuel material 2. Not only can the generated heat be used effectively, but also a synergistic effect of shielding the heat radiation generated in the combustion furnace 10 is obtained.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an ash discharge port 18 for discharging ash is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion furnace 10. Note that the ash discharge port 18 may be provided on the side surface of the combustion furnace 10 (not shown).

Further, in the combustion furnace, a plate-like ash discharge plate 25 that is rotatable and has a predetermined width and height in a plane orthogonal to the rotation direction is located below the combustion plate 20 and on the bottom surface. Is provided with a predetermined gap L2.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ash discharge plate 25 in the present embodiment has a configuration in which four rectangular plates are arranged in a cross shape and connected to the lower surface of the combustion plate 20. The ash discharge plate 25 rotates together with the combustion plate 20 when the shaft member 21 is rotationally driven by the drive source 24. In addition, as a modification, a configuration in which the combustion plate 20 and the ash discharge plate 25 are separately driven by rotation is considered (not shown).
Furthermore, when the inside of the combustion furnace 10 rises to about 600 [° C.], the combustion plate 20 having a thickness of about 5 [mm] tends to be greatly distorted by thermal deformation, but the structure in which the ash discharge plate 25 is connected The ash discharge plate 25 acts as a strength member to prevent thermal deformation, and the combustion plate 20 can be maintained flat.

According to the above configuration, the ash discharge plate 25 that is rotationally driven pushes and collects the ash that has passed through the through-hole 20a of the combustion plate 20 and dropped and accumulated on the bottom surface of the combustion furnace 10, and the ash discharge The effect | action which falls from the exit 18 and is discharged | emitted out of the combustion furnace 10 is acquired. Therefore, the ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel material 2 can be automatically discharged from the ash discharge port 18 as the ash discharge plate 25 rotates. Since the work of scraping ash by hand is not necessary, the maintenance work of the heating device 1 becomes very easy.
The predetermined gap L2 is appropriately set in consideration of the amount of deformation of the bottom surface of the combustion furnace 10, the amount of ash accumulation, and the like, but depending on the configuration in which the gap L2 is provided, It becomes possible to intentionally leave a certain amount of ash on the bottom surface, preventing a temperature drop in the combustion furnace 10 and maintaining a high temperature environment.

As shown in FIG. 2, an ash scraping member 26 that guides the ash on the combustion plate 20 to the through hole 20 a is provided inside the combustion furnace 10. A plurality of ash scraping members 26 in the present embodiment are provided and supported by a support rod 27 fixed to the inner wall so as to be movable (at least swingable in a swing shape along the rotation direction of the combustion plate 20). Adjacent ash scraping members 26 are disposed so as to be separated by a predetermined distance L3. In addition, although the ash scraping member 26 is illustrated with three pieces in FIG. 2, it is not limited to this. Here, FIG. 4 shows a perspective view (partially enlarged view) of the ash scraping member. The white arrow in FIG. 4 represents the swinging direction of the ash scraping member 26.
With the configuration in which the ash scraping members 26 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance L3, the thermal power can be increased by collecting the solid fuel materials 2 in the separated portions. In addition, it is possible to intentionally leave a certain amount of ash on the combustion plate 20, thereby preventing a temperature drop in the combustion furnace 10 and maintaining a high temperature environment.

  According to the above configuration, when the ash passes between the ash scraping members 26 that are spaced apart from the upper surface of the combustion plate 20 by the predetermined rejection L4, the ash contacts the ash scraping member 26. As a result, an action that is guided into the through hole 20a occurs. Therefore, the ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel material 2 can be automatically discharged from the through hole 20a as the combustion plate 20 rotates. Since the work of scraping ash by hand is not necessary, the maintenance work of the heating device 1 becomes very easy.

  In addition, it is preferable to provide a burner (not shown) for burning oil or gas in the combustion furnace 10 (for example, in the inspection port 19) for ignition and when the solid fuel 2 is used up. It is. Further, if the burner is also used during combustion of the solid fuel material 2 to assist combustion, an effect of further stabilizing the combustion can occur.

  For example, if it is set as the structure which provides a heat exchanger (not shown) and an air blower (not shown) in the upper part of the combustion furnace 10, warm air will be generated and it will utilize for the heating in the house of forcing cultivation of agriculture. Is possible. Or if it is set as the structure which provides a boiler (not shown) in the upper part of the combustion furnace 10, it will become possible to generate | occur | produce hot water or water vapor | steam, and to utilize for hot water supply, heating, electric power generation, etc.

  Then, with reference to FIG. 1, 2, the operation | movement which burns the solid fuel material 2 using the heating apparatus 1 provided with the said structure is demonstrated. In addition, the solid line arrow in a figure shows the distribution direction of air, and a broken line arrow shows the rotation direction of the combustion plate 20.

  First, while the combustion plate 20 is rotated by the drive source 24, the solid fuel 2 is introduced into the combustion furnace 10 from the fuel input port 11.

  Next, the solid fuel material 2 is ignited by a burner (not shown). Thereby, the combustion of the solid fuel material 2 starts. At the time of ignition and immediately after the ignition, it is preferable to use a dry solid burnable material.

  Immediately after ignition, auxiliary combustion is performed by a burner for a while. In the present embodiment, a temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the temperature in the combustion furnace 10 is provided, and the combustion of the burner is stopped when the temperature in the furnace reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 400 [° C.]). The blower 17 is activated.

  Next, while rotating the combustion plate 20, heated air is blown from the air blowing port 12 to the solid fuel material 2 placed on the combustion plate 20. As a result, the solid fuel material 2 can be dried. At this time, as the number of the air blowing ports 12 is increased, the number of times the heated air is blown onto the solid fuel material 2 that is rotated and moved increases, and an effect of further promoting drying is obtained. Note that, when the combustion becomes stable, the temperature in the combustion furnace 10 increases, so that high-temperature heated air can be obtained as described above.

  Next, as the combustion stabilizes, an undried solid fuel material 2 (for example, raw wood chips, waste medium, etc.) with a large amount of water can be put into the combustion furnace 10 and burned.

  As described above, while the combustion is performed in the combustion furnace 10, the generated heat can be taken out and used by using a heat exchanger or the like (not shown).

(Second embodiment)
Then, the heating apparatus 1 which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The heating device 1 according to the second embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment described above. In particular, the heating plate 30 includes a fuel moving plate 35 (details will be described later). It is different in that it is a fixed type. Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, the present embodiment will be described in detail focusing on the difference.
Here, FIG. 5 is a top view (schematic diagram) showing an example of the heating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a front sectional view (schematic diagram) of the heating apparatus 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the combustion plate 30 in the heating device 1 according to the present embodiment is fixed to the bottom of the combustion furnace 10. The combustion plate 30 is formed using a heat resistant material. Examples of the heat resistant material include heat resistant concrete, ceramic, heat resistant alloy and the like.

Further, inside the combustion furnace 10, a plate-shaped fuel material moving plate 35 that is rotatable in an in-plane direction parallel to the upper surface of the combustion plate 30 and has a predetermined width and height in a plane orthogonal to the rotation direction. However, a predetermined gap L <b> 5 is provided with respect to the upper surface of the combustion plate 30.
The fuel moving plate 35 in the present embodiment has the same shape as the above-described ash discharge plate 25 (see FIG. 3), that is, a configuration in which four rectangular plates are arranged in a cross shape. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the shaft member 31 is rotatably supported by the shaft member 31, and is rotationally driven by the drive source 34 via the sprocket 32 and the chain 33. Note that. Similarly to the above, the drive source 34 is an electric motor as an example, and the number of revolutions is variably controlled by a control unit (not shown), and the number of revolutions is appropriately set according to the amount of moisture, the amount of input, etc. Is done.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the air inlet 12 is provided at a position above the upper surface position of the combustion plate 30 by a predetermined distance L1. The predetermined distance L1 is appropriately set in consideration of the shape, material, deposition amount, etc. of the solid fuel material 2.
Here, a predetermined distance L1, that is, a structure in which the arrangement position of the air blowing port 12 can be moved up and down, specifically, a structure in which the air blowing port 12 is provided in the slide plate and the slide plate is slid up and down. (Not shown). Furthermore, if a structure (not shown) that allows two slide plates to be stacked and slid on each other, the shape (size of the opening) of the air blowing port 12 can be made variable. In this way, a wider variety of solid fuel materials 2 can be used as fuel.

According to the above configuration, while the fuel moving plate 35 is rotated by the drive source 34 and the solid fuel 2 is moved on the combustion plate 30, heated air from the air blowing port 12 is blown into the solid fuel 2. While being able to apply, the said solid fuel material 2 can be burned.
Therefore, since the solid fuel material 2 can be dried by the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above, particularly by high-temperature heated air, the process of drying the solid fuel material 2 having a large amount of water is not required. The effect that it can be directly put into the furnace and burned is obtained.

  The configuration in which the predetermined gap L5 is provided between the combustion plate 30 and the fuel transfer plate 35 makes it possible to intentionally leave a certain amount of ash on the combustion plate 30 and reduce the temperature in the combustion furnace 10 Can be prevented and maintained in a high temperature environment.

  Here, the combustion plate 30 is provided with a through hole 30a that penetrates the upper surface and the lower surface. Therefore, the ash generated on the combustion plate 30 by the combustion of the solid fuel 2 is moved on the fuel transfer plate 35 by the operation of rotating the fuel transfer plate 35 to pass through the through hole 30a, and the combustion plate. 30 is obtained, and further, an action of discharging outward from the ash discharge port 18 on the bottom surface of the combustion furnace 10 provided in communication with the through hole 30a is obtained.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, an operation of burning the solid fuel material 2 using the heating device 1 having the above-described configuration will be described. However, since the basic operation, action, and effect are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, the description may be omitted. In addition, the solid line arrow in a figure shows the distribution | circulation direction of air, and a dashed-dotted line arrow shows the rotation direction of the fuel movement board 35. FIG.

  First, the solid fuel 2 is introduced into the combustion furnace 10 from the fuel inlet 11 while rotating the fuel moving plate 35 by the drive source 34.

  Next, the solid fuel material 2 is ignited by a burner (not shown). Thereby, the combustion of the solid fuel material 2 starts. At the time of ignition and immediately after the ignition, it is preferable to use a dry solid burnable material.

  Immediately after ignition, auxiliary combustion is performed by a burner for a while. In the present embodiment, a temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the temperature in the combustion furnace 10 is provided, and the combustion of the burner is stopped when the temperature in the furnace reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 400 [° C.]). The blower 17 is activated.

  Next, air is blown into the solid fuel material 2 while rotating the fuel material moving plate 35 to move the solid fuel material 2 introduced from the fuel material inlet 11 in the rotation direction on the combustion plate 30. Heat air is blown from the mouth 12. As a result, the solid fuel material 2 can be dried. At this time, as the number of the air blowing ports 12 is increased, the number of times the heated air is blown onto the solid fuel material 2 that is moved in the rotation direction increases, and an effect of further promoting drying is obtained. Note that, when the combustion becomes stable, the temperature in the combustion furnace 10 increases, so that high-temperature heated air can be obtained as described above.

  Next, as the combustion stabilizes, an undried solid fuel material 2 (for example, raw wood chips, waste medium, etc.) with a large amount of water can be put into the combustion furnace 10 and burned.

  As described above, while the combustion is performed in the combustion furnace 10, the generated heat can be taken out and used by using a heat exchanger or the like (not shown).

(Third embodiment)
Then, the heating apparatus 1 which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The heating device 1 according to the third embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment described above, but differs particularly in the configuration of an air heating chamber that generates heated air. Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, the present embodiment will be described in detail focusing on the difference.
Here, FIG. 7 is a top view (schematic diagram) showing an example of the heating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.

  In the heating apparatus 1 according to this embodiment, a configuration for generating heated air will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, in the combustion furnace 10, air heating chambers, which are space portions for heating the air and generating the heated air, are multiplexed in the radial direction of the combustion furnace 10 at positions adjacent to the outside of the side surface. Adjacent spaces are provided in communication with each other. In the present embodiment, as an example, a double structure is provided in which the first air heating chamber 14 is provided outside the combustion furnace 10 and the second air heating chamber 15 is provided on the outer periphery (radially outside). It is good also as a structure which provides a 3rd, 4th, ... air heating chamber suitably in the outer periphery (diameter direction outer side) further.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the innermost air heating chamber (here, the first air heating chamber 14) communicates with the combustion furnace 10 via the air blowing port 12. Adjacent air heating chambers, that is, the first air heating chamber 14 and the second air heating chamber 15 communicate with each other via a communication hole (here, a communication hole 14a). Further, a blower 17 is connected to an outermost air heating chamber (here, the second air heating chamber 15) via an air pipe 16.

By operating the blower 17, air (outside air) is taken in from the air intake port 13 that opens to the outside. The taken-in air is sent by the blower 17 from the outermost air heating chamber (here, the second air heating chamber 15) toward the innermost air heating chamber (here, the first air heating chamber 14). Is done. At this time, for example, when the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace 10 is about 600 [° C.], the room temperature in the first air heating chamber 14 adjacent to the side surface of the combustion furnace 10 is 400 to 500 [° C. The room temperature in the second air heating chamber 15 adjacent to the first air heating chamber 14 is about 200 to 300 [° C.]. Therefore, the air sent from the outermost air heating chamber (here, the second air heating chamber 15) toward the innermost air heating chamber (here, the first air heating chamber 14) is stepwise. Finally, it is heated to a predetermined temperature in the innermost air heating chamber (here, the first air heating chamber 14), and is heated from the air inlet 12 to the combustion furnace as the aforementioned heated air. Will be blown into 10 of them.
In addition, if it is set as the structure (not shown) which provides a multiple air heating chamber rather than a double, it will become possible to respond to the high temperature of heating air, an increase in air volume, etc.

According to the said structure, it becomes possible to generate | occur | produce high temperature heated air using the heat | fever generate | occur | produced by burning the solid fuel material 2 in the combustion furnace 10, like the above-mentioned embodiment.
On the other hand, unlike the above-described embodiment, by adopting a configuration in which low temperature outside air is directly taken into the blower 17, it is possible to cope with a problem of heat damage caused by the blower 17 taking in high temperature air and a high temperature as a heat resistant blower. It is possible to solve the problem that there is no possible standard product.

(Fourth embodiment)
Then, the heating apparatus 1 which concerns on 4th embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. Here, FIG. 8 is a top view (schematic diagram) showing an example of the heating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
The heating device 1 according to the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which the heated air generation structure in the third embodiment is applied to the above-described second embodiment, and each configuration is as described above. The repeated explanation is omitted.

According to this embodiment, the same effect as the third embodiment described above can be obtained. That is, it is possible to generate high-temperature heated air by using heat generated by burning the solid fuel material 2 in the combustion furnace 10.
Further, by adopting a configuration in which low-temperature outside air is directly taken into the blower 17, it solves the problem that there is no standard product that can handle high temperatures as a heat damage or heat-resistant blower caused by the blower 17 taking in high-temperature air. It becomes possible.

  As described above, according to the disclosed heating apparatus, the solid / non-uniform solid fuel can be directly fed even in a dried state as well as in a dried state. It becomes possible to use a fuel as a fuel.

  In particular, as the above-mentioned solid fuel material, building waste or thinned wood is cut or crushed into small pieces of unshaped wood, combustible garbage excluding raw garbage, mushroom cultivation medium, rice husk, buckwheat husk, sawdust, or coffee extraction It becomes possible to use straw or a mixture thereof. As described above, since the drying step can be omitted, the cost can be greatly reduced in both the equipment and labor costs.

  Until now, the powdered material has been incinerated and discarded as incinerated trash, or used as a solid fuel after being dried and compression-molded to form a shaped fuel such as wood pellets. It was what it was. On the other hand, in the heating apparatus according to the present embodiment, it is possible to burn those powdery materials as a part of the solid fuel without being processed. That is, it is epoch-making in that the waste object can be used as fuel. On the other hand, the drying process and the compression molding process are not required even for the powdery material that can be converted into fuel, and the processing cost can be greatly reduced.

  Furthermore, if 3-5 [wt%] of heavy oil, machine oil, edible oil, etc. are mixed with the said solid fuel material, it is also possible to improve combustion efficiency further.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating apparatus 2 Solid fuel 10 Combustion furnace 11 Fuel inlet 12 Air inlet 13 Air inlet 14 First air heating chamber 15 Second air heating chamber 17 Blower 18 Ash discharge port 20 Combustion plate 21 Shaft member 24 Drive source 25 Ash discharge plate 26 Ash scraping member 30 Combustion plate 34 Drive source 35 Fuel material moving plate

Claims (11)

In a heating device that generates heat by burning a solid fuel material as a fuel in a combustion furnace,
The combustion furnace is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a fuel input port for supplying the solid fuel into the combustion furnace is provided on a side surface or an upper surface.
A combustion plate for placing and burning the solid fuel material is disposed at the bottom of the combustion furnace,
An air blowing port for blowing heated air into the combustion furnace is provided on a side surface of the combustion furnace at a position a predetermined distance above the position of the upper surface of the combustion plate.
The heated air is blown into the combustion furnace from the air blowing port, and the heated air is applied to the solid fuel material that is introduced from the fuel material inlet port and placed on the combustion plate, and the solid fuel A heating device characterized by burning a material. In the combustion furnace, an air heating chamber, which is a space for heating the air and generating the heated air, is positioned in a position adjacent to the outside of the side surface, and multiple adjacent spaces communicate with each other in the radial direction of the combustion furnace. Provided,
The innermost air heating chamber communicates with the combustion furnace via the air blowing port,
A blower that communicates with the outermost air heating chamber and feeds air introduced from the outside is provided,
Air blown from the outside by the blower is sent out while being heated stepwise from the outermost air heating chamber toward the innermost air heating chamber, and as the heated air from the air blowing port to the combustion furnace The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is blown into the inside. The combustion plate is formed using a heat resistant material, and is fixed to the bottom of the combustion furnace,
Inside the combustion furnace, there is a plate-shaped fuel moving plate that is rotatable in an in-plane direction parallel to the upper surface of the combustion plate and has a predetermined width and height in a plane orthogonal to the rotation direction. Arranged with a predetermined gap on the combustion plate,
The combustion material moving plate is rotated by a drive source provided outside the combustion furnace, and the heated air is applied and burned while the solid fuel material is moved on the combustion plate. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The combustion plate is provided with a through-hole penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface,
The heating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein an ash discharge port for discharging ash is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion furnace so as to communicate with the through hole. The combustion plate is rotatable in an in-plane direction parallel to the bottom surface of the combustion furnace, and the shape in the rotation surface is formed in a disc shape,
The heated air is applied to the solid fuel placed on the combustion plate and burned while the combustion plate is rotated by a driving source provided outside the combustion furnace. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The combustion plate is provided with a through-hole penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface,
The heating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an ash scraping member is provided inside the combustion furnace so as to be swingable and guides the ash on the combustion plate to the through hole. The heating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the ash scraping members are provided, and the ash scraping members adjacent to each other are disposed at a predetermined distance. The bottom or side surface of the combustion furnace is provided with an ash discharge port for discharging ash,
Inside the combustion furnace is a plate-like ash discharge plate that is rotatable in an in-plane direction parallel to the bottom surface of the combustion furnace and has a predetermined width and height in a plane perpendicular to the rotation direction. At a position below the plate, a predetermined gap is provided on the bottom surface,
The heating apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the ash discharge plate is rotationally driven by the drive source. The heating device according to claim 8, wherein the ash discharge plate is connected to a lower surface of the combustion plate. The heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion furnace includes a burner that ignites or assists combustion of the solid fuel by burning oil or gas. The solid fuel material is an irregular shaped piece of wood obtained by cutting or pulverizing building waste or thinned wood, combustible waste excluding raw garbage, mushroom cultivation medium, rice husk, buckwheat husk, sawdust, or coffee extraction mash, Or it is a mixture thereof, The heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 characterized by things.

Images