JP2012221905A - Input apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an input apparatus with which a smooth rotational operation and a smooth pressing operation, without backlash, can be realized.SOLUTION: An input apparatus comprises: a base member 5 having a hollow support body 11; an operation body 6 supported so as to be rotatably and reciprocatably along an axis direction against the hollow support body 11; a rotation detection section 8 for detecting rotary movement of the operation body 6; and a pressure detection section 9 for detecting reciprocation movement of the operation body 6. The operation body 6 includes a cylindrical support body 21 reciprocatable along with a hollow support body 11; and an operation knob 20 provided so as to be rotatable against the support body 21. The operation knob 20 is made rotatable along a peripheral surface of the support body 21 by a bearing part 22 in which an inner ring part 22b fixed onto the support body 21 and an outer ring 22a fixed onto the operation knob 20 are rotatable relative to each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to an input device including an operation body that can be rotated and pressed.

  2. Description of the Related Art As an input device provided in a vehicle center console or the like, there is known an input device that is provided with an operation body that can rotate and reciprocate with respect to a base member and that performs input by rotating and pressing the operation body. In this way, the input device capable of both rotating operation and pressing operation is provided with a hollow cylindrical bearing portion on the base member, the operating body is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the bearing portion, and the operating body is provided on the bearing portion. On the other hand, it can be rotated and reciprocated freely, and is provided with a rotational motion detector that detects rotational motion of the operating body and a pressing motion detector that detects reciprocal motion of the operating shaft. As an input device having such a configuration, there is one as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2010-282750 A

  In the conventional input device capable of rotating and pressing, a cylindrical operating body (operation shaft) is externally inserted into a hollow cylindrical bearing and rotated and pressed, so that the inner peripheral surface of the operating body is a bearing. Since it is configured to be rotated and pressed by being guided by the outer peripheral surface of the part, if the clearance between the operating body and the bearing part is reduced and the dimensions are set, the clearance between the two changes due to thermal expansion due to temperature, or the operation is performed depending on humidity. There is a problem that smooth operation cannot be performed due to changes in the roundness of the body and the bearing part.On the other hand, if the clearance is set large in order to avoid such a problem, there is a problem in operating the operation body. There was a problem that the feeling of operation deteriorated due to rattling.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an input device capable of smooth rotation and pressing operation without rattling.

In order to solve the above problems, an input device according to the present invention includes a base member having a hollow support and an operation supported so as to be rotatable and reciprocating along the axial direction with respect to the hollow support. In an input device provided with a body, a rotation detection unit that detects a rotation operation of the operation body, and a pressure detection unit that detects a reciprocation of the operation body,
The operation body includes a cylindrical support body that can reciprocate along the hollow support body, and an operation knob that is provided to be rotatable with respect to the support body. The operation knob is attached to the support body. The inner ring portion to be fixed and the outer ring portion to be fixed to the operation knob are configured to be rotatable along the peripheral surface of the support body by a bearing portion that is rotatable with respect to each other.

  In the input device according to the present invention, the base member supports the support via an elastic body.

  Furthermore, in the input device according to the present invention, one of the hollow support body and the operation body is provided with a cam member having a cam surface having a plurality of cam protrusions along a circumferential surface, The other of the operating bodies is provided with an elastic part that engages and disengages with respect to the cam surface as the operating body rotates.

  Furthermore, in the input device according to the present invention, the hollow support and the support have a plurality of recesses extending in the axial direction on one of the outer wall of the hollow support and the inner wall of the support, and the other It has the structure which has the protrusion part engaged with a some recessed part.

  In the input device according to the present invention, the plurality of concave portions are concave grooves, and the protrusions are guide rails.

  According to the input device of the present invention, the operation body includes a cylindrical support body that can reciprocate along a hollow support body formed on the base member, and an operation knob that is rotatably provided with respect to the support body. And the operation knob is rotatable along the peripheral surface of the support body by a bearing part in which the inner ring part fixed to the support body and the outer ring part fixed to the operation knob are rotatable relative to each other. Accordingly, since the operation knob can be attached only to the support member that can only reciprocate with respect to the base member, the rotation and pressing operation can be smoothly performed without rattling.

  Further, according to the input device according to the present invention, the base member simply configures the structure for reciprocal movement of the support body with respect to the pressing operation of the operation body by supporting the support body via the elastic body. Can do.

  Further, according to the input device of the present invention, one of the hollow support body and the operation body is provided with a cam portion in which a plurality of cam surfaces are formed along the circumferential surface, and the other of the hollow support body and the operation body. Is provided with an elastic portion that engages and disengages with respect to the cam surface as the operating body rotates, so that a click feeling can be imparted with the rotating operation of the operating body.

  Furthermore, according to the input device of the present invention, the hollow support and the support have a plurality of concave portions extending in the axial direction on one of the outer wall of the hollow support and the inner wall of the support, and the plurality of concave shapes on the other. Since the support is smoothly reciprocated in the vertical direction with respect to the hollow support, the operation knob can be operated smoothly without further rattling.

  And according to the input device concerning the present invention, since a plurality of crevices are a ditch and a projection is a guide rail, it can be made smooth operation without shakiness by simple composition.

It is a front view of the center console provided with the input device in this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the III-III line of FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the electrostatic capacitance type touch pad vicinity of FIG. It is typical sectional drawing of a cam member and a hollow cylinder. It is a principal part cross-sectional schematic diagram which follows the VI-VI line of FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the front view of the center console 1 provided with the input device 2 in this embodiment is shown. The center console 1 is arranged between the driver's seat and the passenger seat of the vehicle, and an input device 2 and a switch 3 for making various inputs are arranged on the surface.

  In the input device 2 of the present embodiment, a bottomed cylindrical operation knob 20 is exposed in the vehicle, and the operation knob 20 can be rotated along the circumferential direction and pressed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the center console 1. The plate-like capacitive touch pad 7 (hereinafter simply referred to as a touch pad) provided on the back side of the top surface portion 20c by operating or bringing a finger close to or in contact with the surface of the top surface portion 20c of the operation knob 20. FIG. 4) is configured so that this can be detected.

  2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the input device 2 in the cross section taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the cross section taken along the line III-III of FIG. Each is shown. In the input device 2 of the present embodiment, the operating body 6 is rotatable as described later with respect to a hollow support body 11 that is suspended from a hollow base member 5 placed on a substrate 10. In FIG. 2, it is configured to be reciprocally movable in the vertical direction (rotational axis direction). In a region of the substrate 10 facing the hollow interior of the base member 5, a rotation detection unit 8 (FIG. 3) that detects the rotation operation of the operation body 6 and a press detection unit 9 (FIG. 3) that detects the reciprocation of the operation body 6. 2) are arranged respectively. The hollow interior described above corresponds to a space portion 21 f described later, and is a space portion that communicates from the inside of the base member 5 to the inside of the hollow support 11. The rotation detection unit 8 includes a photo interrupter including a light receiving element and a light emitting element facing each other across the lower end side (the side where the slit 33a is formed) of a cylindrical code plate 33 attached to the interlocking shaft part 32. The press detection unit 9 is configured as a press switch.

  The operation body 6 includes an operation knob 20 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape having a top surface portion 20c, and a hollow cylindrical support body 21 that rotatably holds the operation knob 20 via a bearing portion 22. ing. On the other hand, the support 21 can reciprocate in the vertical direction (rotation axis direction) together with the operation knob 20 with respect to the hollow support 11 (base member 5). Accordingly, the operation knob 20 is rotatable with respect to the base member 5 by being rotatable only in the circumferential direction with respect to the support 21.

  FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the relevant part along the line VI-VI in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the support 21 has a plurality of concave grooves (recesses) 21 a extending in the vertical direction on its inner peripheral surface (inner wall), and the hollow support 11 suspended from the base member 5 is The outer peripheral surface (outer wall) has a guide rail (convex portion) 11a that is engaged so as to be guided by the concave grooves 21a. With this configuration, the support 21 is reliably and stably supported so as to reciprocate only in the vertical direction in the figure together with the operation knob 20 with respect to the hollow support 11 (base member 5). The concave groove 21 a and the guide rail 11 a may be configured such that the concave groove is formed on the outer wall of the hollow support body 11 and the guide rail is formed on the inner wall of the support body 21. Moreover, since the hollow support body 11 has a function as an operation body support portion, that is, a function of supporting the operation body 6 so as to reciprocate only in the vertical direction, the hollow support body 11 may be formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. Further, the support 21 may have a space with a polygonal cross section, and the hollow support 11 may have an outer shape that follows the space shape of the support 21.

  A hollow support 11 is formed on the base member 5 at a position where the operating body 6 can rotate and reciprocate in the vertical direction. The hollow support 11 is formed with a step on the peripheral surface, and a support 21 is provided outside the hollow support 11 so as to cover the peripheral surface. Since the support body 21 is a hollow cylinder shape, the space part 21f is formed in the inside.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a concave storage portion 12 is formed on the outer side of the base member 5 of the base member 5 so as to form an angle of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction. Yes. A lower end protrusion 21 c that is housed in the storage portion 12 is formed at the lower end portion of the support 21, and the lower end protrusion 21 c can move up and down in the storage portion 12. Moreover, the lower elastic body holding | maintenance part 21d holding the press elastic body 24 which consists of a coil spring is formed in the lower end part of the lower end protrusion part 21c as an elastic body in this invention. When the support body 21 moves downward, the pressing elastic body 24 generates a repulsive force against it.

  As described above, the support body 21 is movable up and down with respect to the base member 5 by the storage portion 12 and is supported by the base member 5 via the pressing elastic body 24. When the pressing member is moved downward with respect to the base member 5 and the pressing operation is released, the reciprocating motion of returning to the original position by the repulsive force of the pressing elastic body 24 is possible.

  The operation knob 20 includes an upper member 20 a having a top surface portion 20 c and a lower member 20 b that is fixed to the lower portion of the upper member 20 a and is inserted into the base member 5.

  The lower member 20 b of the operation knob 20 has a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the support 21 and faces the outer peripheral surface of the support 21. The bearing portion 22 that allows the operation knob 20 to rotate with respect to the support 21 is formed of a ring-shaped bearing member, and is configured such that the outer ring portion 22a and the inner ring portion 22b are rotatable with respect to each other. Specifically, a rolling bearing, a sliding bearing, a magnetic bearing, a fluid bearing, or the like can be used.

  An outer peripheral surface of the outer ring portion 22 a of the bearing portion 22 is fixed to the inner surface side of the operation knob 20 (lower member 20 b), and an inner peripheral surface of the inner ring portion 22 b of the bearing portion 22 is fixed to the outer surface side of the support body 21. Is done. Thus, the operation knob 20 is held so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction with respect to the support 21.

  As described above, the operation body 6 includes the support body 21 and the operation knob 20, and the support body 21 is supported by the base member 5 via the pressing elastic body 24, and vertically extends along the hollow support body 11. The operation knob 20 is configured to be reciprocally movable, and the operation knob 20 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the support 21 via the bearing member 22, thereby supporting the operation knob 20 to reciprocate with respect to the base member 5. The structure is configured to be rotatably attached to the body 21. Therefore, in the input device of this embodiment, the reciprocating operation and the rotating operation of the operation knob 20 are, as in the prior art, a hollow cylindrical bearing portion and a cylindrical operation body (operation shaft) extrapolated to the bearing portion. As compared with the case where the operation is performed only through the gap between the two, each operation can be reliably performed in another configuration, so that a smooth operation can be performed without rattling.

  Next, the support structure of the touch pad 7 will be described. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the touch pad 7 in FIG. A projecting upper elastic body holding portion 21 e that holds a supporting elastic body 23 made of a coil spring is formed at the upper end portion of the support body 21. As will be described in detail later, the support body 21 presses and supports the touch pad 7 against the inner surface of the top surface portion 20c via the support elastic body 23. In addition, if it is the structure which does not illuminate the top | upper surface part 20c with the light-emitting body 17a, you may make it press the elastic body holding | maintenance part 21e directly on the touchpad 7 without interposing the reflector 30. FIG.

  The touch pad 7 is formed in a plate shape by affixing a film substrate 7b on which a drive electrode and a detection electrode (not shown) are arranged and arranged on one surface to the circuit substrate 7c, and a ring shape made of a synthetic resin on the lower surface side. The reflector 30 is attached. The reflector 30 is formed with an abutting portion 30b that abuts against the lower surface of the touch pad 7. The abutting portion 30b has an engaging protrusion 30a that projects toward the top surface portion 20c and a downward direction in the figure. A protruding cylindrical protrusion 30 c is formed, and a reflective layer (not shown) is formed on the side facing the touch pad 7. The touch pad 7 and the reflector 30 are integrated with each other by fitting the engaging protrusion 30 a into the engaged hole 7 d formed on the lower surface of the touch pad 7. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the front-end | tip part of the upper elastic body holding | maintenance part 21e is inserted in the hollow part of the cylindrical protrusion part 30c, and the support elastic body 23 is hold | maintained in a compression state. As shown in FIG. 3, a light emitting body 17 a made of LED is provided on the lower surface side of the circuit board 7 c constituting the touch pad 7, and the reflector 30 transmits light from the light emitting body 17 a to the operation knob 20. It can be reflected toward the side wall and emitted to the surface side. Further, the top surface portion 20c of the operation knob 20 is led to the outside by the light from the light emitter 17b on the substrate 10 through the interlocking shaft portion 32 and the shaft portion 20g made of translucent resin. It is configured as follows. The light emitters 17a and 17b can appropriately emit light during operation of the operation body 6 or in response to the result of the operation.

  As described above, the support elastic body 23 held by the support body 21 is elastically contacted with the reflector 30 integrated with the touch pad 7 so that the touch pad 7 is against the top surface portion 20 c of the operation knob 20. It supports while always elastically urging in the pressing direction. Thereby, even if the operation knob 20 is inclined with respect to the base member 5 (hollow support 11), the gap between the touch pad 7 and the top surface portion 20c of the operation knob 20 can be kept uniform, Since a stable output can be obtained from the touch pad 7 when the finger approaches or comes into contact with the surface portion 20c, the output from the touch pad 7 can be stabilized with a simple configuration.

  Further, while the operation knob 20 is rotatable with respect to the support body 21, the touch pad 7 is supported by the support body 21, so that the operation knob 20 slides on the surface of the touch pad 7 during rotation. . In order to enable smooth sliding, a spacer portion 20f is formed on the back surface side of the top surface portion 20c.

  The spacer portion 20f is formed, for example, as two ring-shaped protrusions having different diameters along the circumferential direction on the back surface of the top surface portion 20c, and the gap between the top surface portion 20c and the touch pad 7 extends over the entire circumference. The entire circumference is formed at the same height so as to be uniform. If there is no spacer portion 20f between the top surface portion 20c and the touch pad 7, a non-uniform and minute gap Δd (air layer) is formed between the top surface portion 20c and the touch pad 7 due to warpage, undulation, etc. Therefore, for example, if the gap Δd fluctuates due to tilting of the operation knob 20 (top surface portion 20c) during the rotation operation, there is a risk of malfunctioning as if a finger was input, and if Δd fluctuates during finger input. The output for the finger position may become unstable. On the other hand, in the configuration having the spacer portion 20f (height d = 0.2 mm >> Δd), the gap between the top surface portion 20c and the touch pad 7 is present even if the gap Δd exists due to warpage / swell of the touch pad 7 or the like. Since a capacitance corresponding to 1 / (d + Δd) is generated, the capacitance does not fluctuate so much even if Δd changes depending on the operation position of the finger. Therefore, even if the top surface portion 20c is tilted during the rotation operation. This is preferable because there is no possibility of causing a malfunction and the output related to the finger position can be further stabilized. Further, a protective sheet (not shown) made of polyethylene or the like having a surface with little frictional resistance is provided on the surface of the touch pad 7 in order to reduce friction with the operation knob 20.

  As described above, since the spacer portion 20f is formed between the top surface portion 20c and the touch pad 7, when the operation knob 20 is rotated, the surface of the touch pad 7 can be smoothly slid and a support elastic body can be used. Therefore, it is possible to stably secure the distance between the touch pad 7 biased by the head 23 and the top surface portion 20c, and to provide an input device with excellent operability.

  In the present embodiment, the spacer portion 20f is formed integrally with the top surface portion 20c of the operation knob 20, but a spacer portion may be formed on the touch pad 7 side. Further, the spacer portion may be a separate component from the operation knob 20 and the touch pad 7, and in any case, the gap between the top surface portion 20 c and the surface of the touch pad 7 is made uniform over the entire circumference. I just need it.

  Next, the operation body 6, the rotation detection unit 8, and the pressure detection unit 9 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the operation knob 20 constituting the operation body 6 has a shaft portion 20 g projecting downward from the back surface side of the top surface portion 20 c. The touch pad 7 is formed with an insertion hole 7a through which the shaft portion 20g is inserted and led to the space portion 21f. The space 21 f is formed so as to communicate from the inside of the base member 5 to the inside of the hollow support 11.

  In the space portion 21f, the interlocking shaft portion 32 is connected to an extension line of the tip portion (lower end portion in the drawing) of the shaft portion 20g. The shaft portion 20 g and the interlocking shaft portion 32 are connected by the cam member 31, move in the axial direction by the pressing operation of the operating body 6, and rotate in the circumferential direction by rotating the operating body 6. The cam member 31 includes an upper shaft insertion portion 31a that fixes the inserted shaft portion 20g, and a lower shaft insertion portion 31b that fixes the upper end portion of the inserted interlocking shaft portion 32, and connects the two. A cam surface 31c is provided on the surface.

  FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the cam member 31 and the hollow support 11. As shown in this figure, a cam surface 31 b having a plurality of cam protrusions 31 a is formed on the peripheral surface of the cam member 31. On the other hand, an elastic part 13 made of a leaf spring is provided on the inner surface of the hollow support 11. The elastic portion 13 is formed with a bent leaf spring protrusion 13a protruding toward the cam member 31 at the center. When the operation knob 20 is rotated and the cam member 31 rotates, the tip end portion of the cam protrusion 13a is engaged with and disengaged from the leaf spring protrusion 13a at every predetermined angle, and a click feeling with respect to the rotation operation of the operation knob 20 can be given.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the cam protrusion 31a is provided on the cam member 31 that connects the shaft portion 20g and the interlocking shaft portion 32, and the elastic portion 13 is provided on the base member 5 side. A protrusion may be provided, and an elastic portion may be provided on the shaft portion 20g side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the interlocking shaft portion 32 extends in the vertical direction in the space portion 21f, and a pressing operation portion 32b having a ring-shaped plane portion is formed at the lower end portion. The pressing operation unit 32b faces the pressing detection unit 9 disposed on the substrate 10. When the operating body 6 is pressed and the shaft unit 20g and the interlocking shaft unit 32 move downward along the axial direction, the pressing operation unit 32b is pressed. The detection unit 9 is pressed. That is, the pressing operation unit 32 b performs a detection operation on the press detection unit 9 in accordance with the pressing operation of the operating body 6. Thereby, the pressing operation in the operating body 6 can be detected. Since the pressing detection unit 9 is opposed to the pressing operation unit 32 b provided in the interlocking shaft unit 32, the pressing detection unit 9 is disposed on the substrate 10 at a position facing the space 21 f formed by the support body 21.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a cylindrical code plate 33 having a larger diameter than the interlocking shaft portion 32 is provided at the lower end portion of the interlocking shaft portion 32. In the code plate 33, a plurality of slits 33a are formed along the circumferential direction on the lower end side of the circumferential surface, and when the operating body 6 is rotated and the shaft portion 20g and the interlocking shaft portion 32 rotate in the circumferential direction, The rotation position is detected by the rotation detection unit 8, and the rotation operation on the operation body 6 can be detected.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a cable 14 taken out from the substrate 10 is connected to the touch pad 7 for power supply and data output. The cable 14 is connected to the lower surface of the touch pad 7 through the outside from the outer peripheral surface of the support 21.

  As described above, the operating knob 20 is provided with the shaft portion 20g, and the shaft portion 20g is guided into the space portion 21f formed in the support 21 through the insertion hole 7a formed in the touch pad 7, and the space portion 21f. Since the shaft portion 20g is linked to the code plate 33 and the pressing operation portion 32b via the, parts necessary for detecting the rotation operation and the pressing operation of the operating body 6 are collected in the central portion of the input device 2. be able to. In particular, since the rotation detection unit 8 and the pressure detection unit 9 can be arranged so as to face the space 21f instead of outward of the support body 21, the size of the input device 2 in the radial direction can be suppressed. Therefore, the size can be reduced.

  In addition, since the click mechanism formed by the cam member 31 and the elastic portion 13 can be disposed in the space portion 21f, the click mechanism can be configured compactly to provide a smooth click feeling, and the diameter of the input device 2 can be increased. The size of the direction can be suppressed more efficiently. In addition, when the connecting member between the shaft portion 20g and the interlocking shaft portion 32 also serves as a click mechanism, specifically, the connecting member is the cam member 31, the entire apparatus can be further downsized. Furthermore, since the click mechanism can be provided at a position different from the bearing portion 22 that is the rotation support portion of the operation knob 20, it is not necessary to receive a rotational load at the shaft portion 20g, and the touch pad 7 has a small diameter as the shaft portion 20g. The insertion hole 7a to be formed can be made small. As a result, it is possible to prevent performance degradation caused by forming holes in the touch pad 7.

  Further, with respect to the support body 21 and the operation knob 20 constituting the operation body 6, the operation is performed by the bearing portion 22 that allows the inner ring portion 22 b fixed to the support body 21 and the outer ring portion 22 a fixed to the operation knob 20 to rotate with respect to each other. Since the knob 20 is rotatable along the peripheral surface of the support body 21, the operation knob 20 can be reliably and smoothly operated without rattling.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the application of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and can be applied in various ways within the scope of its technical idea.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Center console 2 Input device 3 Switch 5 Base member 6 Operation body 7 Touch pad (electrostatic capacity type touch pad)
7a Insertion hole 8 Rotation detection part 9 Press detection part 10 Substrate 11 Hollow support body (operation body support part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Elastic part 20 Operation knob 20c Top surface part 20f Spacer part 20g Shaft part 21 Support body 21f Space part 22 Bearing part 22a Outer ring part 22b Inner ring part 23 Support elastic body 24 Pressing elastic body 31 Cam member 31c Cam part 31d Cam surface 32 Interlocking shaft Part

Claims (5)

A base member having a hollow support, an operation body supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the hollow support and reciprocating along the axial direction, and a rotation detection unit for detecting a rotation operation of the operation body And an input device provided with a pressure detector that detects the reciprocating motion of the operating body,
The operation body includes a cylindrical support body that can reciprocate along the hollow support body, and an operation knob that is provided to be rotatable with respect to the support body. The operation knob is attached to the support body. An input device, wherein an inner ring portion to be fixed and an outer ring portion to be fixed to the operation knob are rotatable along a peripheral surface of the support body by a bearing portion that is rotatable with respect to each other.   The input device according to claim 1, wherein the base member supports the support body through an elastic body.   One of the hollow support body and the operation body is provided with a cam member having a cam surface having a plurality of cam protrusions along a peripheral surface, and the other of the hollow support body and the operation body is provided with the operation body. The input device according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic portion that engages and disengages with respect to the cam surface in accordance with a rotating operation of the input device.   The hollow support body and the support body have a plurality of recesses extending in the axial direction on one of an outer wall of the hollow support body and an inner wall of the support body, and a protrusion that engages with the plurality of recesses on the other side. The input device according to claim 1, wherein the input device is an input device.   The input device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of concave portions are concave grooves, and the protrusions are guide rails.

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