JP2012221871A - Lighting device - Google Patents

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JP2012221871A
JP2012221871A JP2011089016A JP2011089016A JP2012221871A JP 2012221871 A JP2012221871 A JP 2012221871A JP 2011089016 A JP2011089016 A JP 2011089016A JP 2011089016 A JP2011089016 A JP 2011089016A JP 2012221871 A JP2012221871 A JP 2012221871A
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light emitting
emitting element
state light
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life
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JP5789769B2 (en
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Motohiro Saimi
元洋 齋見
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Panasonic Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting device which can relatively accurately indicate end of life of a solid-state light emitting element.SOLUTION: A lighting device comprises: a light source driving unit 2 for generating direct current power for lighting a solid-state light emitting element 1; and a lifetime determining unit 3 for determining whether or not the solid-state light emitting element is at the end of life. The lifetime determining unit 3 determines whether or not the solid-state light emitting element 1 is at the end of life based on electrical properties of the solid-state light emitting element 1 during a period in which the solid-state light emitting element 1 is off. When the solid-state light emitting element 1 is determined to be at the end of life, a control unit 4 controls the light source driving unit 2 so that the end of life is indicated through a lighting state of the solid-state light emitting element 1. Since the end of life is determined based on a detection result of the electrical properties of the solid-state light emitting element 1, variation and difference in operating environment of the solid-state light emitting element 1 are considered compared with a case in which the end of life is determined based only on cumulative lighting time of the solid-state light emitting element 1. Thus it is possible to relatively accurately indicate the end of life of the solid-state light emitting element 1.

Description

本発明は、照明器具に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a lighting fixture.

従来から、電気的な光源を点灯させる照明器具において、光源の累積点灯時間が所定の時間に達したとき、使用者に対し、光源の寿命末期を報知して光源の交換を促すものが提供されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, in lighting fixtures that turn on an electrical light source, when the cumulative lighting time of the light source reaches a predetermined time, a user is informed of the end of the life of the light source and prompted to replace the light source. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

このような照明器具においては、報知を確認した使用者が光源を交換することで、光源の経年劣化により回路部品に過剰な電気的ストレスがかかってしまうことや、前触れもなく光源が点灯しなくなることにより使用者が不便を被ることを避けることができる。   In such a luminaire, a user who has confirmed the notification replaces the light source, which may cause excessive electrical stress on the circuit components due to aging of the light source, and the light source will not turn on without prior notice. This avoids inconvenience for the user.

特開２００１−１８５３７４号公報JP 2001-185374 A

しかしながら、上記のように単純に累積点灯時間に基いて光源の寿命末期を判定した場合、光源のばらつきや使用環境の違いによる経年劣化の程度の差が反映されないため、報知の正確性が低かった。   However, when the end of life of the light source is simply determined based on the cumulative lighting time as described above, the accuracy of the notification is low because the difference in the degree of aging due to the variation in the light source and the difference in the usage environment is not reflected. .

特に、固体発光素子の場合、他の光源に比べて寿命が長いので、経年劣化の程度が一定に達する累積点灯時間が、使用環境に応じて大きく異なりやすい。   In particular, in the case of a solid state light emitting device, the lifetime is longer than that of other light sources, and therefore, the cumulative lighting time at which the degree of aging deterioration becomes constant is likely to vary greatly depending on the use environment.

本発明は、上記事由に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的は、固体発光素子の寿命末期を比較的に正確に報知することができる照明器具を提供することにある。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said reason, The objective is to provide the lighting fixture which can alert | report the end of life of a solid light emitting element comparatively correctly.

本発明の照明器具は、固体発光素子を点灯させる直流電力を生成する光源駆動部と、前記固体発光素子の消灯中に前記固体発光素子の電気的特性を検出するとともに前記電気的特性に基いて前記固体発光素子が寿命末期か否かを判定する寿命判定部と、前記寿命判定部によって前記固体発光素子の寿命末期が判定された場合に使用者に報知する報知部とを備えることを特徴とする。   The lighting apparatus of the present invention includes a light source driving unit that generates direct-current power for turning on a solid light emitting element, and detecting an electrical characteristic of the solid light emitting element while the solid light emitting element is turned off, and based on the electrical characteristic. A life determination unit that determines whether or not the solid light-emitting element is at the end of its life, and a notification unit that notifies a user when the end of life of the solid light-emitting element is determined by the life determination unit, To do.

この照明器具において、前記寿命判定部は、電力の供給が開始された後、前記光源駆動部が前記固体発光素子の点灯を開始させる前に、前記電気的特性の検出を行ってもよい。   In this lighting fixture, the life determination unit may detect the electrical characteristics after the power supply is started and before the light source driving unit starts lighting the solid state light emitting device.

また、上記の照明器具において、前記光源駆動部は、前記固体発光素子を点灯させる点灯期間と前記固体発光素子を消灯させる消灯期間とを交互に繰り返す間欠点灯動作が可能であって、前記寿命判定部は、前記消灯期間中に前記電気的特性の検出を行ってもよい。   In the above luminaire, the light source driving unit can perform an intermittent lighting operation that alternately repeats a lighting period in which the solid state light emitting element is turned on and a light emitting period in which the solid state light emitting element is turned off. The unit may detect the electrical characteristics during the extinguishing period.

さらに、上記の照明器具において、前記寿命判定部は、前記電気的特性として前記固体発光素子のインピーダンスを検出してもよい。   Furthermore, in the above-described lighting apparatus, the life determination unit may detect an impedance of the solid state light emitting element as the electrical characteristic.

また、上記の照明器具において、前記固体発光素子の累積点灯時間を計時する計時部と、前記寿命判定部により前記固体発光素子が寿命末期であると判定される累積点灯時間の推定値を、前記寿命判定部における前記電気的特性の検出結果と該検出結果が得られたときの累積点灯時間とを複数回分用いて演算する推定寿命演算部と、前記推定値を報知する推定寿命報知部とを備えてもよい。   Further, in the above-described lighting fixture, the time counting unit that measures the cumulative lighting time of the solid state light emitting element, and the estimated value of the cumulative lighting time that is determined by the lifetime determining unit that the solid state light emitting element is at the end of the lifetime, An estimated life calculation unit that calculates the electrical characteristic detection result in the life determination unit and a cumulative lighting time when the detection result is obtained using a plurality of times, and an estimated life notification unit that notifies the estimated value You may prepare.

本発明によれば、固体発光素子の電気的特性の検出結果に基いて寿命末期の判定がされるから、固体発光素子の累積点灯時間のみに基いて寿命末期が判定される場合に比べ、固体発光素子のバラツキや使用環境の違いが反映されることで、固体発光素子の寿命末期を比較的に正確に報知することができる。また、固体発光素子の電気的特性の検出及び寿命末期か否かの判定が、固体発光素子の消灯中に行われるから、上記の検出及び判定が固体発光素子の点灯中に行われる場合に比べ、固体発光素子の寿命末期をより正確に報知することができる。   According to the present invention, since the end of life is determined based on the detection result of the electrical characteristics of the solid state light emitting device, the solid state is compared with the case where the end of life is determined based only on the cumulative lighting time of the solid state light emitting device. Reflecting the variation in the light emitting elements and the difference in the usage environment, the end of life of the solid light emitting elements can be reported relatively accurately. In addition, since the detection of the electrical characteristics of the solid state light emitting element and the determination of whether or not it is at the end of the life are performed while the solid state light emitting element is extinguished, compared to the case where the above detection and determination are performed while the solid state light emitting element is turned on. The end of life of the solid state light emitting device can be notified more accurately.

本発明の実施形態１を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention. 同上に用いられる固体発光素子の等価回路を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the equivalent circuit of the solid light emitting element used for the same as the above. 同上において固体発光素子への印加電圧の波形の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the waveform of the voltage applied to a solid light emitting element same as the above. 同上に用いられる固体発光素子の累積点灯時間と等価キャパシタンスＣｐとの関係を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the cumulative lighting time of the solid light emitting element used for the above, and the equivalent capacitance Cp. 同上において固体発光素子が寿命末期であると判定された場合における固体発光素子への印加電圧の波形の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the waveform of the voltage applied to a solid light emitting element when it determines with a solid light emitting element being the end of life in the same as the above. 本発明の実施形態２に用いられる固体発光素子の累積点灯時間とインピーダンスの位相角との関係を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the cumulative lighting time of the solid light emitting element used for Embodiment 2 of this invention, and the phase angle of an impedance. 同上の変更例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the example of a change same as the above. 同上の別の変更例において固体発光素子への印加電圧の波形の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the waveform of the voltage applied to a solid light emitting element in another modified example same as the above. 図８の例に用いられる固体発光素子の累積点灯時間とインピーダンスの位相角との関係を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the cumulative lighting time of the solid light emitting element used for the example of FIG. 8, and the phase angle of an impedance.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

（実施形態１）
本実施形態は、図１に示すように、固体発光素子１を点灯させる直流電力を生成する光源駆動部２と、固体発光素子が寿命末期か否かを判定する寿命判定部３と、光源駆動部２を制御する制御部４とを備える。 (Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment includes a light source driving unit 2 that generates DC power for lighting the solid state light emitting device 1, a life determining unit 3 that determines whether or not the solid state light emitting device is at the end of its life, and light source driving. The control part 4 which controls the part 2 is provided.

固体発光素子１としては、発光ダイオードのほか、有機ＥＬなどが知られている。   As the solid-state light emitting element 1, an organic EL or the like is known in addition to a light emitting diode.

光源駆動部２は、例えば、外部から入力された交流電力を整流及び平滑化する整流平滑回路と、この整流平滑回路を電源として固体発光素子１に定電流を供給するようにフィードバック動作する直流電源回路（例えば周知のバックコンバータ）とからなる。   The light source driving unit 2 includes, for example, a rectifying / smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes AC power input from the outside, and a DC power source that performs a feedback operation so as to supply a constant current to the solid-state light emitting device 1 using the rectifying / smoothing circuit as a power source. A circuit (for example, a well-known buck converter).

本実施形態は、寿命判定部３が、固体発光素子１の消灯中に固体発光素子１の電気的特性を検出するとともに、検出された電気的特性に基いて固体発光素子１が寿命末期か否かを判定することを特徴としている。   In the present embodiment, the life determination unit 3 detects the electrical characteristics of the solid state light emitting element 1 while the solid state light emitting element 1 is turned off, and whether the solid state light emitting element 1 is at the end of its lifetime based on the detected electrical characteristics. It is characterized by determining whether or not.

具体的には例えば、固体発光素子１は、図２に示すような、コンデンサ（以下、「並列コンデンサ」と呼ぶ。）Ｃｐと抵抗（以下、「並列抵抗」と呼ぶ。）Ｒｐとの並列回路と、抵抗（以下、「直列抵抗」と呼ぶ。）Ｒｓとの直列回路とみなされる。そして、寿命判定部３は、並列コンデンサＣｐのキャパシタンス（以下、「等価キャパシタンスＣｐ」と呼ぶ。）と、並列抵抗Ｒｐの抵抗値（以下、「等価レジスタンスＲｐ」と呼ぶ。）とを検出する。   Specifically, for example, the solid state light emitting device 1 includes a parallel circuit of a capacitor (hereinafter referred to as “parallel capacitor”) Cp and a resistor (hereinafter referred to as “parallel resistor”) Rp as shown in FIG. And a resistor (hereinafter referred to as “series resistor”) Rs. The life determination unit 3 detects the capacitance of the parallel capacitor Cp (hereinafter referred to as “equivalent capacitance Cp”) and the resistance value of the parallel resistor Rp (hereinafter referred to as “equivalent resistance Rp”).

寿命検出部３による上記の検出は、電源の投入により電力の供給が開始された後、光源駆動部２が固体発光素子１の点灯を開始させる前に行われる。上記の検出の際は、図３に示す検出期間Ｔｄのように、直流電圧に交流電圧が重畳された電圧（以下、「検出用電圧」と呼ぶ。）が固体発光素子１に入力（印加）される。検出用電圧の最低値は固体発光素子１に電流が流れる程度に高くされ、検出用電圧の最高値は固体発光素子１が点灯しない程度に低くされる。上記のような検出用電圧を生成する回路は寿命判定部３に設けられていてもよいし、制御部４によって制御された光源駆動部２が検出用電圧を生成してもよい。   The above-described detection by the life detection unit 3 is performed after the power supply is started by turning on the power and before the light source driving unit 2 starts lighting the solid state light emitting element 1. At the time of the above detection, a voltage obtained by superimposing an AC voltage on a DC voltage (hereinafter referred to as “detection voltage”) is input (applied) to the solid-state light emitting element 1 as in the detection period Td shown in FIG. Is done. The minimum value of the detection voltage is increased to such an extent that a current flows through the solid state light emitting element 1, and the maximum value of the detection voltage is decreased to an extent that the solid state light emitting element 1 does not light up. The circuit for generating the detection voltage as described above may be provided in the life determination unit 3, or the light source driving unit 2 controlled by the control unit 4 may generate the detection voltage.

ここで、本実施形態の固体発光素子１と同型の固体発光素子について、等価キャパシタンスＣｐを縦軸にとり、累積点灯時間を横軸にとったグラフを図４に示す。また、図４には、測定時に固体発光素子においてリーク電流（すなわち、発光に寄与しない電流）が急激に増加して光束が製造直後の７０％以下にまで急激に低下した累積点灯時間（以下、「寿命時間」と呼ぶ。）ｔｘも示している。図４においては、等価キャパシタンスＣｐが上昇を開始する累積点灯時間が、上記の寿命時間ｔｘにほぼ一致している。このことから、本実施形態の寿命判定部３は、等価キャパシタンスＣｐが所定の基準等価キャパシタンス以上となったとき、固体発光素子１が寿命末期であると判定する。上記の基準等価キャパシタンスとしては、固定値（例えば５．０×１０−１０Ｆ）を用いてもよいし、出荷後の最初の検出で得られた等価キャパシタンスＣｐに所定の係数（例えば１．２）を乗じた値を用いてもよい。 Here, for the solid light-emitting element of the same type as the solid-state light-emitting element 1 of the present embodiment, a graph with the equivalent capacitance Cp on the vertical axis and the cumulative lighting time on the horizontal axis is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a cumulative lighting time (hereinafter referred to as “light emission”) in which a leakage current (that is, a current that does not contribute to light emission) increases rapidly during measurement and the luminous flux rapidly decreases to 70% or less immediately after manufacturing. Called “lifetime.”) Tx is also shown. In FIG. 4, the cumulative lighting time at which the equivalent capacitance Cp starts to rise substantially matches the above-described lifetime tx. From this, the lifetime determination part 3 of this embodiment determines with the solid light emitting element 1 being the end of lifetime, when the equivalent capacitance Cp becomes more than a predetermined reference | standard equivalent capacitance. As the above-mentioned reference equivalent capacitance, a fixed value (for example, 5.0 × 10 −10 F) may be used, and a predetermined coefficient (for example, 1.2) is added to the equivalent capacitance Cp obtained by the first detection after shipment. ) May be used.

また、本発明者の実験によれば、等価レジスタンスＲｐは、固体発光素子１の光束と相関を有し、累積点灯時間に対して単調減少する。そこで、本実施形態では、固体発光素子１と同型の固体発光素子を用いて予め行われた測定において光束が製造直後の７０％まで低下したときの等価レジスタンスＲｐが、基準等価レジスタンスとして寿命判定部３に記憶されている。そして、寿命判定部３は、等価レジスタンスＲｐが基準等価レジスタンス未満であったときにも、固体発光素子１が寿命末期であると判定する。なお、基準等価レジスタンスを上記のような固定値とする代わりに、出荷後に最初に検出された等価レジスタンスＲｐに所定の係数を乗じた値を基準等価レジスタンスとしてもよい。   Further, according to the experiment of the present inventor, the equivalent resistance Rp has a correlation with the light flux of the solid state light emitting device 1 and monotonously decreases with respect to the cumulative lighting time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the equivalent resistance Rp when the luminous flux is reduced to 70% immediately after manufacture in a measurement performed in advance using a solid light emitting element of the same type as the solid light emitting element 1 is used as a reference equivalent resistance. 3 is stored. The life determination unit 3 determines that the solid state light emitting device 1 is at the end of its life even when the equivalent resistance Rp is less than the reference equivalent resistance. Instead of setting the reference equivalent resistance to the fixed value as described above, a value obtained by multiplying the equivalent resistance Rp detected first after shipment by a predetermined coefficient may be used as the reference equivalent resistance.

すなわち、寿命判定部３は、等価キャパシタンスＣｐによる判定と等価レジスタンスＲｐによる判定との論理和によって固体発光素子１の寿命末期を判定する。   That is, the life determination unit 3 determines the end of life of the solid state light emitting device 1 by the logical sum of the determination based on the equivalent capacitance Cp and the determination based on the equivalent resistance Rp.

そして、寿命判定部３は、等価キャパシタンスＣｐが基準等価キャパシタンス未満であって、且つ、等価レジスタンスＲｐが基準等価レジスタンス以上である場合にのみ、固体発光素子１が寿命末期ではないと判定する。固体発光素子１が寿命末期ではないとの判定が寿命判定部３によってされた場合、制御部４は、固体発光素子１を所定の光出力で点灯させるように（例えば、固体発光素子１に定格電流が連続的に入力されるように）光源駆動部２を制御する。   The life determination unit 3 determines that the solid state light emitting device 1 is not at the end of life only when the equivalent capacitance Cp is less than the reference equivalent capacitance and the equivalent resistance Rp is equal to or greater than the reference equivalent resistance. When the life determination unit 3 determines that the solid light emitting element 1 is not at the end of its life, the control unit 4 turns on the solid light emitting element 1 with a predetermined light output (for example, rated to the solid light emitting element 1). The light source drive unit 2 is controlled so that current is continuously input.

寿命判定部３によって寿命末期との判定がなされると、制御部４は、固体発光素子１の点灯開始直後の所定時間（例えば１０秒）にわたり、固体発光素子１が寿命末期であることを示す報知用点灯が行われるように光源駆動部２を制御する。報知用点灯は、具体的には例えば、人の目に点滅として認識される程度に充分に低い周波数（例えば０．５Ｈｚ）で固体発光素子１を点滅させるというものである。この場合における固体発光素子１への印加電圧の波形の一例を図５に示す。つまり、固体発光素子１の点灯状態によって寿命末期が報知されるのであり、固体発光素子１が報知部として兼用されている。また、報知用点灯の後は、光源駆動部２は、固体発光素子１に連続的に定格電流を出力することで固体発光素子１を連続点灯させる。   When the end of life is determined by the life determination unit 3, the control unit 4 indicates that the solid state light emitting device 1 is at the end of life for a predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds) immediately after the start of lighting of the solid state light emitting device 1. The light source driving unit 2 is controlled so that the notification lighting is performed. Specifically, the notification lighting is, for example, blinking the solid-state light emitting element 1 at a frequency low enough to be recognized as blinking by human eyes (for example, 0.5 Hz). An example of the waveform of the voltage applied to the solid state light emitting device 1 in this case is shown in FIG. That is, the end of life is notified by the lighting state of the solid state light emitting element 1, and the solid state light emitting element 1 is also used as an informing unit. Further, after the notification lighting, the light source driving unit 2 continuously outputs the rated current to the solid light emitting element 1 to continuously light the solid light emitting element 1.

なお、固体発光素子１とは別途に、寿命末期を表示する表示手段と、制御部４の制御に従って表示手段を駆動する駆動手段とからなる報知部（図示せず）を設け、上記の報知用点灯に代えて、又は、上記の報知用点灯とともに、上記の表示手段での表示による報知が行われるようにしてもよい。表示手段としては例えば発光素子や液晶パネルを用いることができ、駆動手段は周知の電子回路で実現することができる。   In addition to the solid state light emitting device 1, a notification unit (not shown) including a display unit that displays the end of life and a driving unit that drives the display unit according to the control of the control unit 4 is provided. Instead of lighting, or together with the above-described lighting for notification, notification by display on the above display means may be performed. For example, a light emitting element or a liquid crystal panel can be used as the display means, and the driving means can be realized by a known electronic circuit.

また、リモコンのような外部装置（図示せず）との間で有線信号又は無線信号を送受信する通信部（図示せず）を有する場合、寿命判定部３によって寿命末期との判定がされたとき、上記の外部装置で寿命末期が報知されるように、制御部４が上記の通信部を制御して適宜の信号を外部装置に送信させてもよい。この場合、上記の通信部が報知部となる。   Further, when it has a communication unit (not shown) that transmits / receives a wired signal or a wireless signal to / from an external device (not shown) such as a remote controller, when the end of life is determined by the life determination unit 3 The control unit 4 may control the communication unit to transmit an appropriate signal to the external device so that the end of life is notified by the external device. In this case, the communication unit is a notification unit.

上記構成によれば、固体発光素子１の電気的特性の検出結果に基いて寿命末期の判定がされるから、固体発光素子１の累積点灯時間のみに基いて寿命末期が判定される場合に比べ、固体発光素子１のバラツキや使用環境の違いが反映されることで、固体発光素子の寿命末期を比較的に正確に報知することができる。   According to the above configuration, since the end of life is determined based on the detection result of the electrical characteristics of the solid state light emitting device 1, compared to the case where the end of life is determined based only on the cumulative lighting time of the solid state light emitting device 1. By reflecting the variation in the solid light emitting element 1 and the difference in use environment, the end of life of the solid light emitting element can be reported relatively accurately.

ここで、固体発光素子１において、等価キャパシタンスＣｐや等価レジスタンスＲｐやインピーダンスといった電気的特性は、点灯中と消灯中とで異なった値となり、且つ、経年劣化による上記の電気的特性の変化は、点灯中よりも消灯中のほうが大きくなる。本実施形態では、固体発光素子１の電気的特性の検出及び寿命末期か否かの判定が固体発光素子１の消灯中に行われるから、上記の検出及び判定が固体発光素子１の点灯中に行われる場合に比べ、固体発光素子の寿命末期をより正確に報知することができる。   Here, in the solid-state light emitting element 1, the electrical characteristics such as the equivalent capacitance Cp, the equivalent resistance Rp, and the impedance are different values during lighting and during extinguishing, and the change in the electrical characteristics due to aging deterioration is as follows. It is larger when it is not lit than when it is lit. In the present embodiment, the detection of the electrical characteristics of the solid state light emitting element 1 and the determination as to whether or not the end of the lifetime is made are performed while the solid state light emitting element 1 is turned off. Compared with the case where it is performed, the end of life of the solid state light emitting device can be notified more accurately.

なお、寿命判定部３は、等価キャパシタンスＣｐと等価レジスタンスＲｐとの一方のみに基いて寿命末期を判定するものであってもよい。   The life determination unit 3 may determine the end of life based on only one of the equivalent capacitance Cp and the equivalent resistance Rp.

（実施形態２）
本実施形態の基本構成は実施形態１と共通であるので、共通する部分についての説明は省略する。 (Embodiment 2)
Since the basic configuration of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, description of the common parts is omitted.

本実施形態と実施形態１との相違点は寿命判定部３にあり、本実施形態において寿命判定部３が検出する電気的特性は、固体発光素子１のインピーダンスである。   The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment resides in the life determination unit 3, and the electrical characteristic detected by the life determination unit 3 in this embodiment is the impedance of the solid state light emitting device 1.

固体発光素子１のインピーダンスの位相角を縦軸にとり、固体発光素子１の累積点灯時間を横軸にとったグラフを図６に示す。ここで、固体発光素子１のレジスタンス（インピーダンスＲ＋ｊＸの実数部分）Ｒと、固体発光素子１のリアクタンス（インピーダンスＲ＋ｊＸの虚数部分）Ｘとを用いると、上記の位相角はＡｒｃｔａｎ（Ｘ／Ｒ）と表される。   FIG. 6 shows a graph in which the phase angle of impedance of the solid state light emitting device 1 is taken on the vertical axis and the cumulative lighting time of the solid state light emitting device 1 is taken on the horizontal axis. Here, when the resistance (the real part of impedance R + jX) R and the reactance (the imaginary part of impedance R + jX) X of the solid state light emitting element 1 are used, the above phase angle is Arctan (X / R). expressed.

本実施形態の寿命判定部３は、上記の位相角が所定の基準位相角に達したときに固体発光素子１が寿命末期であると判定する。上記の基準位相角は、固体発光素子１と同型の固体発光素子を用いて予め行われた測定においてリーク電流が急激に増加したときのインピーダンスの位相角（つまり、予め行われた上記測定の際に累積点灯時間が寿命時間ｔｘに達したときの位相角であり、図６の例では約０°）とされる。なお、上記の基準位相角をより小さい値（例えば−５°）とすることで、より早期に報知が行われるようにしてもよい。ここで、リアクタンスは一般に印加電圧の周波数に依存するので、位相角と累積点灯時間との関係も検出用電圧の周波数によって異なる。従って、本実施形態における検出用電圧の周波数は、基準位相角を決定するための測定で用いられた検出用電圧の周波数と等しくされる。   The life determination unit 3 of the present embodiment determines that the solid state light emitting device 1 is at the end of its life when the above phase angle reaches a predetermined reference phase angle. The reference phase angle is the phase angle of the impedance when the leakage current increases rapidly in a measurement performed in advance using a solid-state light-emitting element of the same type as the solid-state light-emitting element 1 (that is, in the case of the measurement performed in advance) Is the phase angle when the cumulative lighting time reaches the life time tx, which is about 0 ° in the example of FIG. In addition, you may make it alert | report earlier by making said reference | standard phase angle into a smaller value (for example, -5 degrees). Here, since the reactance generally depends on the frequency of the applied voltage, the relationship between the phase angle and the cumulative lighting time also differs depending on the frequency of the detection voltage. Therefore, the frequency of the detection voltage in the present embodiment is made equal to the frequency of the detection voltage used in the measurement for determining the reference phase angle.

また、本発明者の実験によれば、固体発光素子１のレジスタンスは、固体発光素子１の光束と相関を有し、累積点灯時間に対して単調減少する。そこで、本実施形態の寿命判定部３は、固体発光素子１のレジスタンスが所定の基準レジスタンス未満であったときにも、固体発光素子１が寿命末期であると判定する。上記の基準レジスタンスとしては、例えば、固体発光素子１と同型の固体発光素子を用いて予め行われた測定において光束が製造直後の７０％まで低下したときのレジスタンスが用いられる。または、出荷後に最初に検出されたレジスタンスに所定の係数を乗じた値を基準レジスタンスとしてもよい。   Further, according to the experiments by the present inventors, the resistance of the solid state light emitting element 1 has a correlation with the light flux of the solid state light emitting element 1 and monotonously decreases with respect to the cumulative lighting time. Therefore, the lifetime determination unit 3 of the present embodiment determines that the solid state light emitting device 1 is at the end of its lifetime even when the resistance of the solid state light emitting device 1 is less than a predetermined reference resistance. As the reference resistance, for example, the resistance when the luminous flux is reduced to 70% immediately after manufacturing in a measurement performed in advance using a solid light emitting element of the same type as the solid light emitting element 1 is used. Alternatively, a value obtained by multiplying a resistance detected first after shipment by a predetermined coefficient may be used as the reference resistance.

つまり、本実施形態の寿命判定部３は、位相角に基く判定と、レジスタンスに基く判定との論理和により、固体発光素子１の寿命末期を判定する。言い換えると、本実施形態の寿命判定部３は、固体発光素子１のインピーダンスの位相角が基準位相角未満であり、且つ、固体発光素子１のレジスタンスが基準レジスタンス以上であるときに、固体発光素子１は寿命末期ではないと判定する。   That is, the life determination unit 3 of the present embodiment determines the end of life of the solid-state light emitting device 1 by the logical sum of the determination based on the phase angle and the determination based on the resistance. In other words, the lifetime determination unit 3 of the present embodiment is configured so that the solid-state light-emitting element 1 has a phase angle of impedance of the solid-state light-emitting element 1 that is less than the reference phase angle and the resistance of the solid-state light-emitting element 1 is greater than or equal to the reference resistance. It is determined that 1 is not the end of life.

なお、固体発光素子１が寿命末期か否かの判定は、位相角とレジスタンスとの一方のみに基いて行われてもよい。また、固体発光素子１のリアクタンスを、位相角と同様にして上記判定に用いることもできる。   The determination as to whether the solid state light emitting device 1 is at the end of its life may be made based on only one of the phase angle and the resistance. Further, the reactance of the solid state light emitting device 1 can be used for the above determination in the same manner as the phase angle.

さらに、上記の各実施形態において、図７に示すように、固体発光素子１の累積点灯時間を計時する計時部５と、固体発光素子１の寿命の推定値を表示する推定寿命報知部としての表示部６とを設けてもよい。上記の推定値は、すなわち、固体発光素子１が寿命末期であると寿命判定部３が判定する累積点灯時間の推定値である。上記の推定値の演算は、寿命判定部３における電気的特性の検出結果と該検出結果が得られたときの累積点灯時間とを複数回分用いて、制御部４が演算する。つまり、制御部４が推定寿命演算部である。計時部５は、例えば水晶振動子を用いて周知技術で実現可能であるので詳細な図示並びに説明は省略する。表示部６としては例えば液晶パネル等の周知の表示装置を用いることができる。また、上記の表示部６は、固体発光素子１の寿命末期を報知する報知部として兼用してもよい。さらに、リモコン等の外部装置（図示せず）との間で信号を送受信する通信部（図示せず）を備える場合、上記の推定値の表示を指示する信号を上記の外部装置に送信するように制御部４が上記の通信部を適宜のタイミングで制御してもよい。この場合、上記の通信部が推定寿命報知部となる。   Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, as a time measuring unit 5 that measures the cumulative lighting time of the solid state light emitting device 1 and an estimated life notification unit that displays an estimated value of the lifetime of the solid state light emitting device 1. A display unit 6 may be provided. The estimated value is an estimated value of the cumulative lighting time that is determined by the lifetime determination unit 3 that the solid state light emitting device 1 is at the end of its lifetime. The calculation of the estimated value is performed by the control unit 4 by using the electrical characteristic detection result in the life determination unit 3 and the accumulated lighting time when the detection result is obtained for a plurality of times. That is, the control unit 4 is an estimated life calculation unit. Since the time measuring unit 5 can be realized by a well-known technique using, for example, a crystal resonator, detailed illustration and description thereof are omitted. As the display unit 6, for example, a known display device such as a liquid crystal panel can be used. The display unit 6 may also serve as a notification unit that notifies the end of life of the solid state light emitting device 1. Further, when a communication unit (not shown) for transmitting and receiving signals to and from an external device (not shown) such as a remote controller is provided, a signal instructing display of the estimated value is sent to the external device. In addition, the control unit 4 may control the communication unit at an appropriate timing. In this case, the communication unit is an estimated life notification unit.

制御部４が固体発光素子１の寿命の推定値を演算する動作としては、例えば、寿命判定部３における過去の複数回（例えば３回）の検出でのレジスタンスと累積点灯時間との関係を適宜の関数（例えば一次関数）でフィッティングし、得られた関数においてレジスタンスが基準レジスタンスに達する累積点灯時間を演算して、この演算で得られた累積点灯時間（演算値）を固体発光素子１の寿命の推定値とする。上記のような演算は、レジスタンスに代えて、等価レジスタンスＲｐなどの他の電気的特性を用いて行われてもよい。また、本発明者の実験によれば、検出用電圧の周波数を数十Ｈｚとした場合には、図６のように寿命時間ｔｘまで位相角が累積点灯時間に対して直線状に変化するので、位相角を用いて上記と同様にして固体発光素子１の寿命の推定値を演算することも可能である。   As an operation in which the control unit 4 calculates the estimated value of the lifetime of the solid state light emitting device 1, for example, the relationship between the resistance and the cumulative lighting time in the past multiple detections (for example, three times) in the lifetime determination unit 3 is appropriately selected. In the obtained function, the cumulative lighting time at which the resistance reaches the reference resistance is calculated, and the cumulative lighting time (calculated value) obtained by this calculation is used as the lifetime of the solid state light emitting device 1. Estimated value of The above operation may be performed using other electrical characteristics such as equivalent resistance Rp instead of resistance. Further, according to the experiments by the present inventors, when the frequency of the detection voltage is set to several tens of Hz, the phase angle changes linearly with respect to the cumulative lighting time until the lifetime tx as shown in FIG. It is also possible to calculate an estimated value of the lifetime of the solid state light emitting device 1 using the phase angle in the same manner as described above.

または、制御部４が、上記の演算値と製造時に記憶された固定値とを比較し、より小さいものを寿命の推定値として表示部６に表示してもよい。上記の固定値としては、例えば、固体発光素子１と同型の固体発光素子を用いて予め行われた実験において光束が製造直後の７０％まで低下したときの累積点灯時間を用いる。   Or the control part 4 may compare said calculated value with the fixed value memorize | stored at the time of manufacture, and may display a smaller thing on the display part 6 as an estimated value of a lifetime. As the fixed value, for example, the cumulative lighting time when the luminous flux is reduced to 70% immediately after manufacturing in an experiment performed in advance using a solid light emitting element of the same type as the solid light emitting element 1 is used.

また、寿命判定部３が動作するタイミングも上記に限られない。例えば、図８に示すように、固体発光素子１が点灯される点灯期間Ｔ１と、固体発光素子１が消灯される消灯期間Ｔ２とが交互に繰り返される間欠点灯動作が、光源駆動部２によって行われる場合、寿命判定部３による電気的特性の検出および寿命末期の判定が消灯期間Ｔ２中に行われてもよい。この場合、検出用電圧の周期は、個々の消灯期間Ｔ２の継続時間よりも短くされることが望ましい。例えば、上記の間欠点灯動作の周期が２０００Ｈｚであってオンデューティが５０％の場合、検出用電圧の周波数は４０００Ｈｚ以上とされる。検出用電圧の周波数が５０００Ｈｚとされた場合、位相角と累積点灯時間との関係は図９のようになり、基準位相角は例えば−８０°とされる。ここで、寿命判定部３による上記動作は必ずしも全ての消灯期間Ｔ２で行われる必要はなく、電源が投入された直後の１回又は複数回の消灯期間Ｔ２でのみ行われてもよいし、間欠点灯動作の複数周期毎といったように定期的に行われてもよい。図８の例では、最初の２回の消灯期間Ｔ２が、固体発光素子１に検出用電圧が入力されて寿命末期か否かの判定が行われる検出期間Ｔｄとされている。ただし、長時間にわたって電源が投入されたままとなる使用形態が想定される場合、電気的特性の検出及び寿命末期か否かの判定は、電源が投入された直後だけでなく、定期的に行われる必要がある。   Further, the timing at which the life determination unit 3 operates is not limited to the above. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the light source driving unit 2 performs an intermittent lighting operation in which a lighting period T <b> 1 in which the solid state light emitting element 1 is turned on and a light emitting period T <b> 2 in which the solid state light emitting element 1 is extinguished alternately. In such a case, the detection of electrical characteristics and the determination of the end of life by the life determination unit 3 may be performed during the turn-off period T2. In this case, it is desirable that the period of the detection voltage is shorter than the duration of each extinguishing period T2. For example, when the cycle of the intermittent lighting operation is 2000 Hz and the on-duty is 50%, the frequency of the detection voltage is 4000 Hz or more. When the frequency of the detection voltage is 5000 Hz, the relationship between the phase angle and the cumulative lighting time is as shown in FIG. 9, and the reference phase angle is, for example, −80 °. Here, the above-described operation by the life determination unit 3 is not necessarily performed in all the extinguishing periods T2, and may be performed only in one or a plurality of extinguishing periods T2 immediately after the power is turned on. It may be performed periodically such as every plural cycles of the lighting operation. In the example of FIG. 8, the first two extinguishing periods T2 are detection periods Td in which a detection voltage is input to the solid-state light emitting element 1 and it is determined whether or not it is the end of life. However, when a usage pattern in which the power is kept on for a long time is assumed, the detection of the electrical characteristics and the determination of whether or not the end of the life is reached are performed not only immediately after the power is turned on, but also periodically. Need to be

１ 固体発光素子（報知部を兼ねる）
２ 光源駆動部
３ 寿命判定部
４ 制御部（推定寿命演算部）
５ 計時部
６ 表示部（推定寿命報知部） 1 Solid-state light-emitting device (also serves as a notification unit)
2 Light source drive unit 3 Life determination unit 4 Control unit (estimated life calculation unit)
5 Timekeeping section 6 Display section (Estimated life notification section)

Claims (5)

固体発光素子を点灯させる直流電力を生成する光源駆動部と、
前記固体発光素子の消灯中に前記固体発光素子の電気的特性を検出するとともに前記電気的特性に基いて前記固体発光素子が寿命末期か否かを判定する寿命判定部と、
前記寿命判定部によって前記固体発光素子の寿命末期が判定された場合に使用者に報知する報知部とを備えることを特徴とする照明器具。 A light source driving unit that generates DC power for lighting the solid state light emitting device;
A lifetime determination unit that detects electrical characteristics of the solid state light emitting element while the solid state light emitting element is turned off and determines whether the solid state light emitting element is at the end of its lifetime based on the electrical characteristics;
An illuminating device comprising: a notification unit that notifies a user when the end of life of the solid state light emitting device is determined by the lifetime determination unit. 前記光源駆動部は、前記固体発光素子を点灯させる点灯期間と前記固体発光素子を消灯させる消灯期間とを交互に繰り返す間欠点灯動作が可能であって、
前記寿命判定部は、前記消灯期間中に前記電気的特性の検出を行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の照明器具。 The light source driving unit is capable of intermittent lighting operation that alternately repeats a lighting period for turning on the solid state light emitting element and a light extinguishing period for turning off the solid state light emitting element,
The lighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the life determination unit detects the electrical characteristics during the extinguishing period. 前記寿命判定部は、電力の供給が開始された後、前記光源駆動部が前記固体発光素子の点灯を開始させる前に、前記電気的特性の検出を行うことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の照明器具。   The said life determination part performs the detection of the said electrical property, after the supply of electric power is started, but before the said light source drive part starts lighting of the said solid light emitting element. Item 3. A lighting apparatus according to item 2. 前記寿命判定部は、前記電気的特性として前記固体発光素子のインピーダンスを検出することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の照明器具。   The lighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the life determination unit detects an impedance of the solid-state light emitting element as the electrical characteristic. 前記固体発光素子の累積点灯時間を計時する計時部と、
前記寿命判定部により前記固体発光素子が寿命末期であると判定される累積点灯時間の推定値を、前記寿命判定部における前記電気的特性の検出結果と該検出結果が得られたときの累積点灯時間とを複数回分用いて演算する推定寿命演算部と、
前記推定値を報知する推定寿命報知部とを備えることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の照明器具。 A time measuring unit for measuring the cumulative lighting time of the solid state light emitting device;
The estimated value of the cumulative lighting time at which the solid-state light emitting element is determined to be at the end of the lifetime by the lifetime determination unit, the detection result of the electrical characteristics in the lifetime determination unit and the cumulative lighting when the detection result is obtained An estimated life calculation unit that calculates time using multiple times,
The luminaire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an estimated life notification unit that notifies the estimated value.
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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014146446A (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-14 Pioneer Electronic Corp Light-emitting device and controller
JP2015032793A (en) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-16 パナソニック株式会社 Led deterioration measuring apparatus and led lighting device
JP2016110887A (en) * 2014-12-09 2016-06-20 キヤノン株式会社 Light source controller and image projection apparatus

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JP2000315591A (en) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-14 Hitachi Ltd Lamp life judging device

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000315591A (en) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-14 Hitachi Ltd Lamp life judging device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014146446A (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-14 Pioneer Electronic Corp Light-emitting device and controller
JP2015032793A (en) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-16 パナソニック株式会社 Led deterioration measuring apparatus and led lighting device
JP2016110887A (en) * 2014-12-09 2016-06-20 キヤノン株式会社 Light source controller and image projection apparatus

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