JP2012208580A - Virtual machine start device, virtual machine start method, and virtual machine start program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a virtual machine with optimal performance when using the virtual machine in a virtual environment.SOLUTION: A virtual machine start-device connected to a plurality of physical machines causing its own computer resource to start a virtual machine in response to a transmitted request for starting the virtual machine performs the steps of: accepting input of a start request including the number of physical machines to be started; transmitting, to a physical machine, a request for starting virtual machines with the number exceeding the number thereof included in the input start request; measuring the performance of the plurality of virtual machines started by the physical machine in response to the start request; and stopping virtual machines, out of the started virtual machines, other than the virtual machines selected on the basis of the performance of the measured virtual machines.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for starting a virtual machine in a physical machine.

In response to a request from a user terminal, a computer resource usage form is becoming common in which a virtual machine is activated in a virtual environment composed of physical machines prepared in advance and the activated virtual machine is used by the user. In this way, if the user wants to provide some web service, for example, a program such as a web server, an AP (application) server, a DB (database) server, etc. in a virtual machine in a virtual environment without preparing a physical machine by itself. By executing the above, it is possible to provide a web service.
Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe techniques for managing virtual machines in such a virtual environment.

JP 2007-52842 A JP 2009-86440 A

  However, when trying to start a plurality of virtual machines having the same performance on a plurality of physical machines by using the virtualization technology, it is considered that the performance of the virtual machines slightly varies. For example, it is conceivable that a slight difference in performance may occur due to differences in the manufacturer and standard of computer resources of a physical machine on which a virtual machine is started. Or, for example, when multiple virtual machines are started on the same physical machine, the multiple virtual machines use the same hardware resources. It may be affected by the operating status of the virtual machine. For example, if a virtual machine frequently performs disk I / O (Input / Output), the processing performance of disk I / O of other virtual machines running on the same physical machine may decrease. . Even in such a case, it is desirable for the user to use a virtual machine with the highest possible performance.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and when using a virtual machine in a virtual environment, a virtual machine starting device, a virtual machine starting method, and a virtual machine starting method capable of using a virtual machine with optimal performance, Provides a virtual machine boot program.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides a virtual machine activation device connected to a plurality of physical machines that activates a virtual machine to its own computer resource in response to a transmitted virtual machine activation request. , An input unit that receives a startup request including the number of virtual machines to be started, and a startup request transmission that transmits a startup request to a physical machine that exceeds the number of virtual machines included in the startup request input to the input unit Based on the performance of the multiple virtual machines measured by the measurement unit among the multiple virtual machines started, the measurement unit that measures the performance of the multiple virtual machines started on the physical machine in response to the start request And a virtual machine selection unit that stops virtual machines other than the virtual machine selected in this manner.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the activation request transmission unit transmits activation requests for virtual machines exceeding the number included in the activation request to the physical machine at predetermined time intervals.

  The present invention also relates to a virtual machine activation method of a virtual machine activation device connected to a plurality of physical machines that activates a virtual machine to its own computer resource in response to a virtual machine activation request transmitted. A step in which a startup request including the number of virtual machines to be input is input, a step of transmitting startup requests for virtual machines exceeding the number included in the input startup request to a physical machine, and a physical request according to the startup request Measure the performance of multiple virtual machines started on the machine, and stop virtual machines other than the virtual machines that are selected based on the measured performance of multiple virtual machines among the started virtual machines And a step.

  In addition, the present invention relates to the number of virtual machines to be started up on a computer of a virtual machine starter connected to a plurality of physical machines that start up a virtual machine on its own computer resource in response to a request to start up the virtual machine. A step in which a startup request including the number of virtual machines is input, a step of transmitting a startup request for the number of virtual machines exceeding the number included in the input startup request to the physical machine, and a startup in response to the startup request The steps of measuring the performance of a plurality of virtual machines and stopping the virtual machines other than the virtual machines selected based on the measured performances of the plurality of virtual machines among the started virtual machines are executed. This is a virtual machine startup program to be executed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in response to a transmitted virtual machine activation request, a virtual machine activation device connected to a plurality of physical machines that activate the virtual machine on its own computer resource is activated. A startup request including the number of virtual machines is received, a startup request for virtual machines exceeding the number included in the input startup request is sent to the physical machine, and the physical machine is started in response to the startup request Since the performance of multiple virtual machines was measured and virtual machines other than the virtual machines selected based on the measured performance of multiple virtual machines were stopped from among the multiple virtual machines that were started, the virtual environment When using a virtual machine, a virtual machine with optimal performance can be used.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the virtual machine provision system by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of data memorize | stored in the measurement result memory | storage part by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the virtual machine starting apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the virtual machine starting apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the virtual machine starting apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a virtual machine providing system 1 including a virtual machine activation device 30 according to the present embodiment. The virtual machine providing system 1 includes a computer device including a physical machine 10-1, a physical machine 10-2, a physical machine 10-3,... These computer devices are connected via a network. The plurality of physical machines 10 have the same configuration, and unless otherwise distinguished, “−1”, “−2”, etc. are omitted and described as physical machines 10.

  In response to a virtual machine activation request from the virtual machine activation device 30, the virtual machine providing system 1 activates the virtual machine in a virtual environment configured by a plurality of physical machines 10 and uses the virtual machine via the network. Provide resource provision services. Such a service is also called a cloud service.

  The physical machine 10 is a computer device having a virtualization function that virtualizes its computer resources and activates a plurality of virtual machines. The physical machine 10 activates the virtual machine to its own computer resource in response to the activation request from the virtual machine activation apparatus 30 transmitted via the virtual machine placement apparatus 20. Here, the physical machine 10 virtualizes its computer resources in units of size according to a predetermined performance of the virtual machine and divides the computer resource into a plurality of partitions, and activates the virtual machine for each partitioned partition. For example, virtual machine sizes such as S, M, and L are determined in advance, and virtual machines with higher performance are assigned to L and L virtual machines based on performance such as CPU (Central Processing Unit) processing speed, memory capacity, and disk capacity. A virtual machine having a lower performance than the machine is denoted by M, and a virtual machine having a lower performance than the M virtual machine is denoted by S. The physical machine 10 receives the activation request including information specifying the size of the virtual machine to be activated, and activates the virtual machine according to the size included in the received activation request. Further, the physical machine 10 stops the virtual machine started on its own computer resource in response to the virtual machine stop request from the virtual machine placement apparatus 20. As described above, the physical machine 10 activates a virtual machine having a performance corresponding to a predetermined size. However, among the plurality of physical machines 10, there are differences in hardware manufacturers, standards, etc., or on the same physical machine 10. Depending on the operating status of other virtual machines that have been started, there may be some variation in the performance of the virtual machines that are actually started.

  The virtual machine placement apparatus 20 is a cloud management apparatus that activates a virtual machine to one of the plurality of physical machines 30 in response to a virtual machine activation request transmitted from the virtual machine activation apparatus 30. For example, for each of the plurality of physical machines 10, the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 stores information such as the size of the virtual machine activated on the physical machine 10 and the number of virtual machines that can be activated in its own storage area. . Further, the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 stores information indicating how many virtual machines have been started by which physical machine 10 in its own storage area. The virtual machine placement apparatus 20 refers to such information, determines a physical machine 10 that has a free space according to the size of the virtual machine included in the start request transmitted from the virtual machine start apparatus 30, and determines the determined physical A startup request is transmitted to the machine 10 to start the virtual machine. In addition, the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 transmits the identification information of the activated virtual machine to the virtual machine activation apparatus 30 that is the activation request source. For example, an IP (Internet Protocol) address can be applied to the virtual machine identification information.

  The virtual machine activation device 30 is a computer device connected to the virtual machine placement device 20 and the plurality of physical machines 10 via a network. The virtual machine activation device 30 may be, for example, a user terminal of a user who wants to use the physical machine 10 by activating the virtual machine, or may be a computer device installed in the user's local environment. Alternatively, a virtual machine activated on the physical machine 10 may function as the virtual machine activation device 30. A user can connect and use a virtual machine started on the physical machine 10 from his / her user terminal such as a PC (Personal Computer). Here, one virtual machine activation device 30 is shown and described, but a plurality of virtual machine activation devices 30 of a plurality of users may be connected to the virtual machine providing system 1. The virtual machine activation device 30 includes an input unit 31, an activation request transmission unit 32, a measurement result storage unit 33, a measurement unit 34, and a virtual machine selection unit 35.

The input unit 31 receives an activation request including the number of virtual machines to be activated. For example, the input unit 31 is an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse.
The activation request transmission unit 32 transmits activation requests for the number of virtual machines exceeding the number included in the activation request input to the input unit 31 to the physical machine 10 via the virtual machine placement apparatus 20. For example, when a start request for one virtual machine is input to the input unit 31, a start request for five virtual machines is transmitted to the virtual machine placement apparatus 20.

  The measurement result storage unit 33 stores performance information measured for each of a plurality of virtual machines activated by the physical machine 10 in response to the activation request transmitted from the activation request transmission unit 32 to the physical machine 10. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a data example of performance information stored in the measurement result storage unit 33. For each virtual machine ID that identifies a virtual machine, the measurement result storage unit 33 stores performance information such as CPU, memory, IO, and network in association with identification information of the physical machine on which the virtual machine is started. Is done. For example, a virtual machine whose virtual machine ID is “virtual machine 1” has a CPU performance of 100.5 MIPS (million instructions per second), a memory performance of 7.5 Gbps (Giga bit per second), (disk) IO (Input / (Output) performance is 290.1 Mbps (Mega bit per second), network (IO) performance is 200.4 Mbps, and physical machine identification information is “physical machine # 120”. It shows that.

  The measurement unit 34 measures the performance of each of the plurality of virtual machines activated by the physical machine 10 in response to the activation request transmitted from the activation request transmission unit 32 to the physical machine 10 and stores the measurement result in the measurement result storage unit 33. Here, the measurement unit 34 can measure the performance of the virtual machine, for example, by executing a performance measurement program (benchmark program) stored in its own storage area in advance. As a benchmark program, for example, lperfex that measures CPU performance, hdparm that measures disk performance, NetPIPE that measures network performance, and the like can be applied. Further, when the measurement unit 34 can identify the physical machine 10 in which the virtual machine is activated, the measurement unit 34 acquires the identification information of the physical machine 10 and stores it in the measurement result storage unit 33.

  The virtual machine selection unit 35 selects a virtual machine having the highest performance based on the performance of the plurality of virtual machines measured by the measurement unit 34 among the plurality of activated virtual machines, and excludes the selected virtual machine Stop. Here, the virtual machine selection unit 35 reads the performance information of the plurality of virtual machines stored in the measurement result storage unit 33, and compares the performance information of the plurality of read virtual machines. Then, the virtual machine selection unit 35 compares the value of any of the determined types among the performance types of CPU, memory, IO, and network, for example, determines the virtual machine with the highest value, and determines the highest performance. Select as a high virtual machine. Here, as to which type of performance is to be compared, information indicating the type to be compared may be included in the activation request transmitted from the virtual machine activation device 30. Alternatively, for example, the performance information stored in the measurement result storage unit 33 is displayed on a display included in the virtual machine activation device 30, and the user is allowed to select which virtual machine is selected. 31 may be input. The virtual machine selection unit 35 causes the virtual machine selected as described above to execute a program such as a web server to be operated, and stops other virtual machines. Thereby, the user can use the virtual machine with the highest performance among a plurality of virtual machines having a size desired to be used.

  Next, an operation example of the virtual machine providing system 1 including the virtual machine activation device 30 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the virtual machine activation device 30. When an activation request including the number of virtual machines to be activated is input to the input unit 31 of the virtual machine activation apparatus 30 (step S1), the activation request transmission unit 32 indicates the number of virtual machines input to the input unit 31. Requests for starting a plurality of virtual machines exceeding the above are transmitted to the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 (step S2). The virtual machine placement apparatus 20 determines the physical machine 10 that starts the virtual machine among the plurality of physical machines 10 based on the virtual machine start request transmitted from the start request transmission unit 32 of the virtual machine start apparatus 30. A virtual machine is activated by transmitting an activation request to the determined physical machine 10. When the virtual machine is activated by the physical machine 10, the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 transmits identification information of the activated virtual machine to the virtual machine activation apparatus 30.

  When the virtual machine activation device 30 receives the virtual machine identification information transmitted from the virtual machine placement device 20, the measurement unit 34 connects to the virtual machine based on the received virtual machine identification information, and executes the performance measurement program. This is executed to measure the performance of the virtual machine (step S4), and the measurement result is stored in the measurement result storage unit 33 (step S5). The virtual machine selection unit 35 reads and compares the measurement results stored in the measurement result storage unit 33, selects the virtual machine with the highest performance, and causes the selected virtual machine to execute a program such as a web server (step S6). ). Then, the virtual machine selection unit 35 transmits a request to stop the virtual machine that has not been selected to the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 (step S7). Upon receiving the stop request transmitted from the virtual machine activation device 30, the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 transmits a virtual machine stop request to the corresponding physical machine 10 to stop the virtual machine.

  Here, when a virtual machine started up by the physical machine 10 is used for a long period of time, it is considered that the environment changes with time and the performance of the virtual machine may change. Therefore, the virtual machine activation device 30 activates a plurality of virtual machines again at a predetermined time and measures the performance. If there is a new virtual machine having a higher performance than the already activated virtual machine, the virtual machine activation apparatus 30 is already activated. The virtual machine may be stopped and the program may be executed on a new virtual machine. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of such a virtual machine activation device 30.

  For example, the virtual machine activation device 30 stores in advance a time interval for performing performance re-measurement in its own storage area, and compares the current time measured by the time measuring function provided by itself with the re-measurement time, It is determined whether or not the current time has exceeded the remeasurement time (step S11). If it is determined that the current time does not exceed the remeasurement time (step S11: NO), the process of step S11 is repeated.

  If it is determined that the current time exceeds the remeasurement time (step S11: YES), a request for starting a plurality of virtual machines having the same size as the already started virtual machine is transmitted to the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 ( Step S12). And the identification information of the newly started virtual machine transmitted from the virtual machine arrangement | positioning apparatus 20 is received (step S13). The measurement unit 34 of the virtual machine activation device 30 measures the performance of the newly activated virtual machine (Step S14), and stores the measurement result in the measurement result storage unit 33 (Step S15). The virtual machine selection unit 35 determines whether there is a newly started virtual machine that exceeds the performance of the already started virtual machine (step S16).

  If the virtual machine selection unit 35 determines that there are no newly started virtual machines that exceed the performance of the already started virtual machines (step S16: NO), the process returns to step S11. If it is determined that there is a newly started virtual machine that exceeds the performance of the already started virtual machine (step S16: YES), the program is executed on the new virtual machine (step S17). Then, the already started virtual machine is stopped (step S18), and the virtual machines not selected are stopped (step S19).

  In addition, a plurality of virtual machines that the physical machine 10 wants to start are virtual machines that execute a plurality of programs that operate in cooperation with each other, and for example, a high speed of communication between the plurality of virtual machines is required. In such a case, when a plurality of virtual machines to be activated are activated on the same physical machine 10, the virtual machines may be selected. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of such a virtual machine activation device 30.

  When activation requests for a plurality of virtual machines to be activated are input to the input unit 31 of the virtual machine activation device 30 (step S21), the activation request transmission unit 32 exceeds the number of virtual machines input to the input unit 31. Requests for starting a plurality of virtual machines are transmitted to the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 (step S22). The virtual machine placement apparatus 20 collects information on the activated virtual machines (step S23), and determines whether a plurality of virtual machines are activated on the same virtual machine (step S24). Here, whether or not a plurality of virtual machines that have been started are started on the same physical machine 10 is described in, for example, literature (“Hey, You, Get Off of My Cloud: Exploring Information Leakage in Third-Party Compute Clouds” Thomas Using a method as described in Ristenpart, et. Al. CCS'09), it can be determined based on an IP address or the like. If the virtual machine selection unit 35 determines that a plurality of virtual machines are not activated on the same physical machine (step S24: NO), all the activated virtual machines are stopped (step S27), and step S21 is performed. Returning to FIG. 2, a plurality of virtual machines are activated, and the process is repeated until the virtual machines are activated on the same physical machine 10.

  If the virtual machine selection unit 35 determines that a plurality of virtual machines are activated on the same physical machine (step S24: YES), a plurality of virtual machines activated on the same physical machine 10 are selected. The program is executed (step S25), the virtual machine that was not selected is stopped (step S26), and the process is terminated.

  Alternatively, when a plurality of virtual machines that the physical machine 10 wants to start are virtual machines that execute a plurality of programs that operate in cooperation with each other, and when trying to construct a multiplexed configuration system using these plurality of virtual machines, If a plurality of virtual machines are started up on different physical machines 10, the virtual machines may be selected to construct a redundant configuration system.

The function of the virtual machine activation device 30 shown in the present embodiment is provided in the virtual machine placement device 20 so as to operate in accordance with information transmitted from a user terminal connected via a network. Also good.
In this embodiment, the number of virtual machines to be activated is input to the input unit 31 of the virtual machine activation apparatus 30, and activation requests for virtual machines exceeding the input number are transmitted to the virtual machine arrangement apparatus 20. However, the number of activation requests exceeding the number of virtual machines desired to be activated may be input to the input unit 31. In this case, the activation request transmission unit 32 transmits the activation request input to the input unit 31 to the virtual machine placement apparatus 20 as it is. When the measurement result measured by the measurement unit 34 is displayed on the display of the virtual machine activation device 30, the user views the displayed measurement result, selects a virtual machine that the user wants to use, and requests to stop the virtual machine that is not used. Is input to the input unit 31. The virtual machine activation device 30 transmits the input virtual machine stop request to the virtual machine placement device 20 to stop the virtual machines that have not been selected.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to select an optimal virtual machine and execute a program while confirming the performance of the virtual machine started up by the physical machine 10. In addition, by re-measuring the performance at regular intervals and selecting an optimal virtual machine, it is possible to use a virtual machine with stable performance over the long term.

  Note that a program for realizing the function of the processing unit according to the present invention is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into the computer system and executed to start the virtual machine. You may make a request. Here, the “computer system” includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. The “computer system” includes a WWW system having a homepage providing environment (or display environment). The “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage device such as a flexible medium, a magneto-optical disk, a portable medium such as a ROM and a CD-ROM, and a hard disk incorporated in a computer system. Further, the “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a volatile memory (RAM) in a computer system that becomes a server or a client when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In addition, those holding programs for a certain period of time are also included.

  The program may be transmitted from a computer system storing the program in a storage device or the like to another computer system via a transmission medium or by a transmission wave in the transmission medium. Here, the “transmission medium” for transmitting the program refers to a medium having a function of transmitting information, such as a network (communication network) such as the Internet or a communication line (communication line) such as a telephone line. The program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Furthermore, what can implement | achieve the function mentioned above in combination with the program already recorded on the computer system, and what is called a difference file (difference program) may be sufficient.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Virtual machine provision system 10 Physical machine 20 Virtual machine arrangement | positioning apparatus 30 Virtual machine starting apparatus 31 Input part 32 Starting request transmission part 33 Measurement result memory | storage part 34 Measuring part 35 Virtual machine selection part

Claims (4)

A virtual machine activation device connected to a plurality of physical machines that activates a virtual machine in its own computer resource in response to a virtual machine activation request transmitted;
An input unit for inputting a startup request including the number of virtual machines to be started;
An activation request transmission unit that transmits activation requests to the physical machines that exceed the number of virtual machines included in the activation request input to the input unit;
A measurement unit that measures the performance of a plurality of virtual machines that have been started by the physical machine in response to the start request;
A virtual machine selection unit that stops virtual machines other than the virtual machine selected based on the performance of the plurality of virtual machines measured by the measurement unit among the plurality of started virtual machines;
A virtual machine starting device comprising: The said start request transmission part transmits the start request | requirement of the number of virtual machines more than the said number contained in the said start request to the said physical machine for every predetermined time. Virtual machine starter. A virtual machine activation method of a virtual machine activation device connected to a plurality of physical machines that activates a virtual machine to its own computer resource in response to a virtual machine activation request transmitted,
A step in which a start request including the number of virtual machines to be started is input;
Transmitting a startup request for the number of virtual machines exceeding the number included in the input startup request to the physical machine;
Measuring the performance of a plurality of virtual machines started by the physical machine in response to the start request;
Stopping virtual machines other than the virtual machines selected based on the measured performance of the plurality of virtual machines among the plurality of started virtual machines;
A virtual machine activation method comprising: In response to the virtual machine start request sent, the computer of the virtual machine starter connected to multiple physical machines that start the virtual machine on its own computer resource
A step in which a start request including the number of virtual machines to be started is input;
Transmitting a startup request for the number of virtual machines exceeding the number included in the input startup request to the physical machine;
Measuring the performance of a plurality of virtual machines started by the physical machine in response to the start request;
Stopping virtual machines other than the virtual machines selected based on the measured performance of the plurality of virtual machines among the plurality of started virtual machines;
Virtual machine startup program that executes

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