JP2012202602A - Nozzle device, and burner device with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of achieving complete combustion without generating unburnt particles, and free from a risk of deposition of carbon.SOLUTION: This nozzle device includes a two-fluid spray nozzle having a liquid injecting section and a gas injecting section, a cap formed into the cylindrical shape around a peripheral wall at an injection port side of the liquid injecting section, and a frame holder disposed at a side opposite to the position of the two-fluid spray nozzle of the cap at predetermined intervals. The cap is provided with a partition having an opening at its center, and formed into the conical shape or pyramid shape of which a diameter is gradually expanded in accordance with separating from the two-fluid spray nozzle at a side opposite to the position of the two-fluid spray nozzle, and the peripheral wall of the cap is provided with one or more air inflow ports. The frame holder is formed into the conical, dome or flat plate-shape, and provided with an opening at its center, and further a plurality of small holes are formed on the frame holder.

Description

  The present invention relates to a nozzle device and a burner device in which the nozzle device is installed. The nozzle device of the present invention can be used not only for combustion, but also in a wide range of fields in which a liquid is used as a mist, such as ozone mist generation, coating application, and water spray cooling.

  2. Description of the Related Art A two-fluid spray nozzle is known in which a liquid is mixed with a gas and sprayed in a fine mist form (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The two-fluid spray nozzle has various features such as that the liquid can be ejected with a fine particle diameter as compared with the one-fluid nozzle.

JP 2005-313049 A

However, the conventional two-fluid spray nozzle has the following problems.
(1) In order to burn the liquid fuel ejected from the nozzle, when air necessary for combustion is supplied from the outside toward the liquid mist, the outer periphery of the liquid mist is mixed and burned, but the vicinity of the center of the liquid mist cone is air Insufficient combustion, not complete combustion.
(2) Since the fuel ejection speed from the nozzle is fast, it is difficult to hold a flame near the nozzle.
(3) When water oxygen gas instead of air is used for spraying the nozzle, if the supply pressure of water oxygen gas is higher than the pressure required for spraying, the oil can be atomized but burned I can't.
(4) When water oxygen gas instead of air is used for spraying the nozzle, if the supply pressure of water oxygen gas is less than the pressure required for spraying, oil and fat will be atomized even if supplied to the nozzle. I can't.
(5) When a frame holder is installed adjacent to the nozzle for holding a flame, carbon may adhere to the frame holder.

  The present invention has been developed in view of such a situation, and a nozzle device that can be completely burned without generation of unburned particles and has no fear of carbon adhesion, and the nozzle device are installed. The purpose is to provide a burner device.

  The nozzle device according to claim 1 of the present application is a two-fluid spray nozzle having a liquid ejecting section disposed on a central axis and having a spray port provided at a tip thereof, and a gas ejecting section disposed around the liquid ejecting section, A cap arranged on the central axis on the side of the injection port and formed in a cylindrical shape by a peripheral wall, and a central axis at a predetermined interval on the side of the cap opposite to the side where the two-fluid spray nozzle is located A frame holder arranged on a line, and the cap has an opening in the center opposite to the side where the two-fluid spray nozzle is located, and the diameter gradually increases as the distance from the two-fluid spray nozzle increases Partition walls formed so as to form a conical shape or a polygonal pyramid shape, one or a plurality of air inlets are provided on the peripheral wall of the cap, and the frame holder is attached to the cap from the cap It is formed in a conical shape, a dome shape, or a flat plate shape whose diameter increases toward the opposite side, an opening is provided in the center, and a plurality of small holes are provided in the frame holder. It is a feature.

  The nozzle device according to claim 2 of the present application is characterized in that the nozzle device according to claim 1 is installed in an air guide tube opened toward the combustion furnace.

  In the nozzle device of the present invention, since air is supplied through the cap by attaching the cap, it is possible to replenish air necessary for combustion and slow down the flow rate of the liquid mist. Mixing of the liquid mist and air can be facilitated, whereby complete combustion can be achieved without generating unburned particles. Moreover, in the nozzle device of the present invention, the flame holder is arranged, so that a flame can be held during combustion and blow-off can be prevented. Further, by providing a small hole in the frame holder, it is possible to avoid adhesion of carbon to the frame holder. Furthermore, fuel consumption can be reduced by using water oxygen gas instead of secondary air or instead of atomizing air.

  Next, a nozzle device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a nozzle device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded sectional view of the nozzle device of FIG. A nozzle device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 10 in FIG. 1, includes a two-fluid spray nozzle 12.

  The two-fluid spray nozzle 12 includes a liquid ejecting unit 14 disposed on the central axis XX, and a gas ejecting unit 16 disposed around the liquid ejecting unit 14.

  The liquid ejecting section 14 is formed in a hollow duct shape as a whole, and is provided with a liquid ejecting opening 14a at one end and a liquid supply opening 14b at the other end. The gas injection unit 16 is formed in a hollow duct shape so as to cover the periphery of the liquid injection unit 14, and the gas injection port 16a is provided at the end on the side where the liquid injection port 14a is provided. Is provided with a gas supply port 16b.

  The liquid supply port 14b of the liquid ejecting unit 14 is connected to a liquid supply source (not shown) through a conduit (not shown). Moreover, the gas supply port 16b of the gas injection part 16 is connected with the gas supply source (not shown) through the conduit | pipe (not shown). In FIG. 1, one gas supply port 16b is shown, but a plurality of gas supply ports 16b may be provided.

  The nozzle device 10 of the present invention also includes a cap 18 disposed on the central axis line XX on the liquid jet port 14a and gas jet port 16a side of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12.

The cap 18 is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole by the peripheral wall 18a. The cap 18 is provided with one or more (only one is shown in FIG. 1) secondary air inlets 18b on the peripheral wall 18a. The secondary air inlet 18b is connected to a conduit (not shown). To a secondary air supply source (not shown). The cap 18 is provided with a partition wall 18c having an opening 18c1 at the center on the side opposite to the side where the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 is located. The partition wall 18c is formed so that the side of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 is substantially orthogonal to the central axis XX, and the diameter of the partition 18c is gradually increased as the side opposite to the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 is away from the opening 18c1. It is formed to have a polygonal pyramid shape. The distance D ₁ (see FIG. 1) between the tip of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 and the opening 18c1 of the partition wall 18c is preferably about 2 mm to about 15 mm.

The nozzle device 10 of the present invention further includes a frame holder 20 disposed on the center axis XX from the cap 18 at a predetermined distance D ₂ on the tip end side of the cap 18. Spacing D ₂ is preferably set to about 5mm~ about 10 mm.

  The frame holder 20 is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases from the side adjacent to the cap 18 toward the side away from the cap 18, and an opening 20a is provided at the center. The opening 20 a is preferably formed so as to be larger than the outer diameter of the cap 18.

  The conical frame holder 20 has a plurality of small holes 20b. When a frame holder for kerosene or heavy oil is used, a large amount of unburned particles are generated in the flame, and the unburned particles may accumulate on the furnace wall of the combustion furnace and cause abnormal combustion. This is presumably because the use of such a frame holder causes a drop in oil droplet temperature and a reduction in flame density due to combustion air. In the present invention, the generation of carbon is avoided by providing the frame holder 20 with a plurality of small holes 20b. That is, the combustion air supplied from the blower blows out straight from the small hole 20b, and a negative pressure region is formed between the adjacent small holes 20b. Then, although oil mist is drawn into the negative pressure region to form a flame, combustion air is ejected from the adjacent small holes 20b, and a high-temperature flame exists in the negative pressure region. As a result, the oil mist evaporates, and as a result, the possibility that the oil mist directly collides with the frame holder 20 is reduced, and it is assumed that the generation of carbon to the frame holder 20 is avoided.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view schematically showing the burner device 30 in which the nozzle device 10 is installed. As shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle device 10 is installed at the distal end portion of the air guide tube 32 opened toward the combustion furnace. Fuel oil or combustion gas is supplied to the liquid injection unit 14 of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12, spraying air or oxyhydrogen gas is supplied to the gas injection unit 16 of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12, and secondary air is supplied to the cap 18. Alternatively, oxyhydrogen gas is supplied. In FIG. 4, reference numerals 34 and 36 denote a gas burner and a combustion air blower, respectively.

  Next, the operation of the nozzle device 10 configured as described above will be described. First, fuel oil is injected from the liquid injection port 14a of the liquid injection unit 14 of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 and spray air is injected from the gas injection port 16a of the gas injection unit 16 of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 at high speed. Then, the fuel oil is injected in the form of a fine mist. The air contained in the mist thus ejected (hereinafter referred to as “oil mist”) is about 5 to 10% of the amount necessary to completely burn the mist.

  In the nozzle device 10, the cap 18 is disposed at the tip of the two-fluid spray nozzle 12, and therefore, when oil mist is injected, the secondary is introduced into the cap 18 through the secondary air inlet 18 b due to the ejector effect. Air is aspirated. Thereby, since the sucked secondary air is mixed with the oil mist, incomplete combustion of the oil mist is prevented. In addition, it is preferable that the opening 18c1 of the cap 18 has such a dimension that the oil mist sprayed from the two-fluid spray nozzle 12 can pass through without any trouble.

  When the oil mist / secondary air injected from the opening 18a1 of the cap 18 passes through the opening 20a of the frame holder 20, the surrounding air is drawn into the opening 20a due to the flow of the air flow, so that the oil mist / secondary air As the air velocity decreases, the amount of air contained in the oil mist / secondary air increases. Accordingly, when the oil mist / secondary air is ignited at this stage, a high-temperature airflow is generated toward the center of the frame holder 20, and this high-temperature airflow is blown through the opening 20a. To form a combustion flame. At that time, the air supplied from the blower blows out straight from the small hole 20b of the frame holder 20, and a negative pressure region is formed in the region between the adjacent small holes 20b. Is drawn to form a flame, but the oil mist directly collides with the frame holder 20 due to the ejection of air from the adjacent small hole 20b and the evaporation of the oil mist due to the high temperature flame in the negative pressure region. The possibility of being reduced. Thereby, it is avoided that carbon is formed in the frame holder 20.

  In the above example, water oxygen gas may be sucked instead of the secondary air. That is, the water oxygen gas is sucked into the cap 18 by connecting the water oxygen gas supply source and the secondary air inlet 18b of the cap 18 through the conduit. Then, immediately after the oil mist mixed with water oxygen gas is injected from the opening 18 c 1 of the cap 18, it burns. And because of the combustion heat, the oil mist is burned at a high temperature and rapidly mixed with air, and the combustion temperature becomes high, so that the effect of reducing the fuel consumption can be obtained.

  In the above example, in addition to using the water oxygen gas instead of the secondary air, the fuel oil may be injected using the water oxygen gas instead of the atomizing air. The oil mist / water oxygen gas injected in this manner does not burn by itself because it does not contain air, but becomes combustible by mixing with the air drawn into the opening 20a of the frame holder 20. . When ignited in this state, the water oxygen gas burns. And because of the heat of combustion, the oil mist / water oxygen gas is burned at a high temperature and rapidly mixed with air, the combustion temperature is further increased, and the fuel consumption can be reduced.

Example 1
Tests were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present invention. In the test, as shown in FIG. 5A, a frame holder provided with a small hole having a diameter of 3.5 mm was used, and waste cooking oil was used as fuel. In this test, a state in which high-speed oil mist was directed into the combustion furnace from the central opening of the frame holder was observed, but no carbon was generated in the frame holder.

(Example 2)
A combustion test (fuel: lard, waste cooking oil) was performed using a frame holder having a depth of 20 mm and no small holes. As a result, carbon was generated near the outer periphery inside the combustion furnace.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, it is something.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the small hole 20b provided in the frame holder 20 is circular, but the small hole 20b may have another shape (for example, an oval, an ellipse, a rectangle, a polygon, etc.). Good. The shape of the frame holder 20 may be a dome shape (see FIG. 5B) or a flat plate shape (see FIG. 5C).

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although oil is used as a fuel to be injected, you may use gaseous (gas) fuel. In the above embodiment, a two-fluid spray nozzle having a liquid ejecting unit disposed on the central axis and a gas ejecting unit disposed around the liquid ejecting unit is shown. A two-fluid spray nozzle (for example, a nozzle provided with a plurality of gas ejection slits on the outer periphery of the central liquid ejection section) may be used. In addition, a nozzle device combining a two-fluid spray nozzle and a frame holder may be installed on the air guide tube without using a cap and used as a burner device. Furthermore, although the nozzle device has been described in connection with combustion in the above-described embodiment, a wide range of uses other than combustion, such as generation of ozone mist, application of paint, and water spray cooling, are used in a mist. In the field, the nozzle device of the present invention can be applied.

It is sectional drawing which showed typically the nozzle apparatus which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded sectional view showing each component of the nozzle device of FIG. 1. 3A is a side view as seen along line 3a-3a in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a side view as seen along line 3b-3b in FIG. It is the schematic diagram which showed schematically the burner apparatus in which the nozzle apparatus of FIG. 1 was installed. FIG. 5A is a view showing the frame holder used in the test, and FIGS. 5B and 5C are views showing a modified form of the frame holder.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Nozzle apparatus 12 2 fluid spray nozzle 14 Liquid injection part 14a Liquid injection port 14b Liquid supply port 16 Gas injection part 16a Gas injection port 16b Gas supply port 18 Cap 18a Perimeter wall 18b Secondary air inflow port 18c Partition wall 18c1 Opening 20 Frame holder 20a Opening 20b Small hole 30 Burner device 32 Air guide tube 34 Gas burner 36 Combustion air blower

Claims (2)

A two-fluid spray nozzle having a liquid ejecting section disposed on the central axis and having a spray port provided at a tip thereof and a gas ejecting section disposed around the liquid ejecting section;
A cap disposed on the central axis on the side of the injection port and formed in a cylindrical shape by a peripheral wall;
A frame holder disposed on a central axis at a predetermined interval on the side of the cap opposite to the side where the two-fluid spray nozzle is located;
The cap has an opening in the center opposite to the side where the two-fluid spray nozzle is located, and has a conical shape or a polygonal pyramid shape whose diameter gradually increases as the distance from the two-fluid spray nozzle increases. A partition is formed, and one or more air inlets are provided on the peripheral wall of the cap;
The frame holder is formed in a conical shape, a dome shape or a flat plate shape whose diameter increases toward the side away from the cap, and an opening is provided in the center.
A nozzle device, wherein the frame holder is provided with a plurality of small holes. The nozzle device according to claim 1 is installed in an air guide tube opened toward a combustion furnace.

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