JP2012184307A - System for gasifying raw material to be gasified - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gasifying system by which the formation of clinker and the occurrence of agglomeration caused in a gasification furnace are prevented when a solid material removed and collected when a raw material to be gasified is gasified by a gasification apparatus to form a synthetic gas is returned to the gasification furnace as a raw material to be re-gasified, and the gasification efficiency is improved by carrying out the regasification.SOLUTION: The system for gasifying the raw material to be gasified is constituted as follows. Incombustibles Cs2 becoming the cause of the clinker formation are separated at a separation part 5, and only unburned materials Cs1 are returned to the gasification furnace 2 as the gasification raw material M' to prevent the formation of the clinker and to improve the gasification efficiency in the gasification furnace 2 by installing a first removing part 3 for removing the solid materials Cs in gas G1 formed in the gasification furnace 2, and the separation part 5 for separating the unburned materials Cs1 from the incombustibles Cs2 contained in the solid materials Cs removed at the first removing part 3.

Description

  The present invention recovers solids contained in a synthesis gas generated by gasifying a gasification raw material in a gasification furnace from the synthesis gas, and separates the unburned materials from the collected solids to unburnt them. The present invention relates to a gasified raw material gasification system in which only a product is returned to a gasification furnace as a gasification raw material to improve gasification efficiency.

  Gasification furnaces that generate syngas by gasifying raw materials derived from livestock, biomass such as energy crops, and organic waste such as plastics and rubber include fluidized bed, spouted bed, There is a rotary kiln type.

  A carbon compound (mainly unburned carbon) which is an unburned matter (unburned matter) as a solid substance in the synthesis gas produced by gasifying the gasification raw material by pyrolysis in the various gasification furnaces. And ash which is an incombustible material (incombustible material), such as silicate. Therefore, a removal unit (such as a cyclone) that removes unburned and incombustible solid substances on the downstream side of the gasification furnace and a cleaning device (wet cleaning device) for removing tar further downstream are provided. Unburned materials, incombustible materials, and tar are removed to obtain purified synthesis gas. Here, the solid matter of the unburned matter or the incombustible matter removed by the removing portion described above is referred to as “removed portion recovered material”.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a system for generating synthesis gas, in order to increase gasification efficiency, a removed part recovered material removed by a removing part is returned to a gasification furnace and regasified (Patent Document). 1).
However, these have the following drawbacks.
For example, when gasification is performed using biomass as a material to be gasified using a fluidized bed gasification furnace, a part of the biomass, which is a raw material, evaporates moisture and volatile matter and becomes unburned such as char. Become.

  The unburned material reacts with oxygen or water vapor supplied as a gasifying agent in the fluidized bed portion of the fluidized bed gasifier and is slowly gasified. At that time, the unburned material is physically pulverized by the action of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed and becomes a fine powdery material in a light state. And then removed by a removal device (such as a cyclone) provided downstream from the gasification furnace.

JP 09-3461 A

Here, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the char (unburned material) removed (collected) by the removing device (cyclone 3) and collected is returned to the reactor 1 as it is and regasified. However, when such a configuration is adopted, as described above, the char is physically pulverized by the action of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed and becomes a fine powder and is removed (collected) by the removing device. Even if it is returned to the reaction apparatus 1 as it is, it rides again on the flow of the synthesis gas, is discharged from the reaction apparatus 1 together with the synthesis gas, is removed again by the removal apparatus, and is practically hardly regasified. However, the gasification efficiency is not improved.
From the above, when re-gasifying the char, which is a fine powder removed and collected by the removal device, that is, the unburned material, the stagnation in the device is as much as possible when the unburned material collected is returned to the gasifier. There is a need for a technique that can regasify the unburned material over time.

  Moreover, the removal part collection | recovery material contains the ash which is a nonflammable material besides an unburned material. As ash is an incombustible material, it does not burn in the gasifier and causes a phenomenon (clinker) that sticks to the inner wall of the gasifier and hardens. When the amount of solidified ash increases, There is a risk of narrowing the flow path of the generated synthesis gas.

Further, particularly in a fluidized bed gasification furnace, there is a possibility that so-called agglomeration occurs in a state where the ash adheres to the fluid medium (sand or the like) and becomes a large lump, resulting in poor fluidity of the fluid medium.
Therefore, when returning the removed part recovered material to the gasification furnace, clinker and agglomeration are generated from the removed part recovered material, and non-combustible material is gasified only. Technology to return to the furnace is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to separate non-combustible materials from a removed portion recovered material that is removed and recovered when gasified raw material is gasified with a gasifier to generate synthesis gas. Then, only unburned materials are returned to the gasifier to prevent the generation of clinker. Another object is to efficiently regasify the unburned material.

  In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of a gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention includes a gasification furnace for gasifying a gasified raw material, and a solid in a gas generated by the gasification furnace. A first removal unit for removing an object, and the solid material removed by the first removal unit into a first separated product mainly composed of unburned material and a second separated material mainly composed of incombustible material. A gasification raw material gasification system configured to move to the gasification furnace and gasify the first separated product separated by the separation unit, A slurry tank that slurries the solid material, a surface reforming device that attaches an adhesive to the surface of the first separated material in the slurry and performs a surface modification treatment of the first separated material, Separating the first separated product and the second separated product that have undergone surface modification An adjustment tank for mixing the foam agent and the slurry containing the first separation and the second separation processed by the surface modification device, and the surface modification in the slurry mixed and processed in the adjustment tank. And a flotation machine for separating the first separated product from the second separated product.

  In this specification, since the first separated product is mainly composed of unburned material, the first separated material is composed of “unburned material etc.”, and the second separated material is composed mainly of incombustible material. Therefore, the second separated product may be referred to as “incombustible material”. In addition, because “unburned” is returned to the gasification furnace and becomes a material to be gasified again, it is sometimes referred to as “combustible”, and “incombustible” is referred to as “non-burnable”. However, the semantic content is the same.

  According to this aspect, since the unburned matter and the like contained in the solid content removed by the first removal unit can be appropriately separated, the unburned matter and the like are removed and the unburned matter is removed. Can be returned to the gasification furnace, so the generation of clinker in the gasification furnace can be prevented, and the incombustible ash adheres to the fluid medium (sand, etc.) and flows into a large lump. A state (agglomeration) in which the fluidity of the medium is deteriorated can also be reduced.

  In this embodiment, in order to properly separate the unburned material and the like in the solid material from the incombustible material and the like, as a pretreatment, the solid material is slurried and then adhered to the surface of the unburned material and the like in the slurry. Agent) is attached (hydrophobized or oleophilicized) to modify the surface of the unburned material and the like, while making the non-burning material and the like more hydrophilic. This adhesive is generally called a flotation oil or a scavenger.

  In addition, by adding foaming agent to the slurry containing unburned material and non-combustible material that has been surface-modified (hydrophobized), stirring the mixture in a regulating tank, and mixing it, Since the part to which the adhesive has adhered and the surface of the bubbles generated by the foaming agent come into contact with each other, unburned substances and the like adhere to the surface of the bubbles through the adhesive. Etc. can be collected (collected).

  Then, the slurry mixed and agitated as described above in the adjustment tank is sent to a flotation machine, and the unburned material and the non-burning material having hydrophilicity adhered to the surface of the hydrophobic separating agent. Etc. will be appropriately separated. That is, as the bubble rises, the unburned material adhering to the surface of the bubble also moves upward of the flotation machine, while the non-combustible material that has become hydrophilic sinks downward and separates them. Can be done appropriately.

  As described above, this embodiment has a separation part that can properly separate unburned materials and non-burned materials, so that only unburned materials can be returned to the gasifier, and clinker is generated. And agglomeration of the fluidized medium can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the unburned matter recovered from the flotation machine is in a slurry state, and its weight increases due to the slurrying. Therefore, even if it is returned to the gasification furnace, it remains in the gasification furnace due to its weight. The time is also increased, and the amount of the generated synthesis gas that is carried outside the gasifier is reduced. Therefore, gasification of unburned materials and the like is promoted and gasification efficiency can be increased.

  According to a second aspect of the gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention, in the first aspect, a first separated substance adjusting unit that adjusts a liquid content of the first separated substance separated in the separating unit is provided. It is characterized by being.

  According to this aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, since the first separated substance separated in the separation part is in a slurry state and contains liquid (for example, water), the first separated substance adjustment of the present aspect By providing the part, the first separated product whose liquid content is adjusted, that is, the unburned material or the like can be returned to the gasification furnace.

  According to a third aspect of the gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention, the first or second aspect includes a second removal unit that removes tar from the gas that has passed through the first removal unit, In the separation part, the tar removed in the second removal part is used as the adhesive.

According to this aspect, by using the removed tar as an adhesive for separating unburned material and non-burnable material in the separation unit, effective use of the tar removed in the second removal unit is achieved. This improves the overall efficiency of the system.
In addition, tar is used as a flotation oil that is an adhesive.
Here, flotation oil is attached to the surface of the unburned material, hydrophobizes the surface of the unburned material, and attaches the unburned material to the surface of the separating agent (bubble agent) to be used together. It is an oil agent that plays the role of a scavenger that collects unburned materials and the like on the surface of the separating agent (bubble agent).

  In a fourth aspect of the gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention, in the third aspect, when the amount of tar removed by the second removal unit is larger than the amount of tar used as the adhesive, A part of the tar removed in the second removal section is configured to be transferred to the gasification furnace.

  According to this aspect, the efficiency of gasification can be increased by using excess tar again as a gasification raw material.

  According to a fifth aspect of the gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect, the second removing unit removes tar from the gas from which the solid content has been removed by the first removing unit. A cleaning unit for removing the cleaning material together with the cleaning material, and a tar cleaning material separation unit for separating the tar removed together with the cleaning material and the cleaning material. The cleaning substance separated from the tar is used for slurrying the solid.

  In the separation unit, when the solid material including unburned material and non-combustible material removed in the first removal unit is put into a slurry state, the cleaning material is used as a solvent to effectively use the cleaning material. Can do.

  According to a sixth aspect of the gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention, in any one of the second to fifth aspects, the first separated matter adjusted by the first separated matter adjusting unit is dried. A drying unit is provided.

  The unburned matter and the like adjusted by the first separated substance adjusting unit is still a lump containing liquid, and when returned to the gasification furnace as it is, the liquid evaporates as it is heated, and the lump collapses with evaporation. In some cases, the particle size becomes a small lump, and again rides on the flow of the synthesis gas generated in the gasification furnace, is discharged from the gasification furnace together with the synthesis gas, and is removed again by the first removal unit. There is a case where the gasification efficiency is lowered due to a situation where the gasification is not performed.

  According to this aspect, by drying with a drier in the drying section, the bonds between the unburned materials and the like are strengthened, and the strength of the unburned materials and the like is increased, so in this state in the gasifier Even if it returns, gasification can be performed without causing unburned matter to collapse in the gasification furnace, and the efficiency of gasification can be increased.

According to a seventh aspect of the gasified raw material gasification system according to the present invention, in the sixth aspect, the amount of heat that the gas generated by the gasification furnace and / or the gas that has passed through the first removal unit has, It is comprised so that it may utilize as a heat source of the said drying part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
According to this aspect, since the calorie | heat amount of the gas produced | generated by the gasification furnace can be utilized, a system can be operated efficiently.

  The 8th aspect of the gasification raw material gasification system which concerns on this invention has a granular material manufacturing part which granulates the 1st isolate | separation adjusted in the said 1st isolation | separation adjustment part in a 2nd aspect. The first separated product adjusted by the first separated product adjusting unit is granulated and then transferred to the gasification furnace for gasification.

  According to this aspect, the first separated substance adjusting unit granulates the unburned material or the like whose liquid content has been adjusted so that it can be granulated in the granular material manufacturing unit of this aspect, and then gasifies the granulated material. By returning to the furnace, the residence time of unburned materials and the like in the gasification furnace can be lengthened, and the gasification efficiency can be increased.

It is a schematic block diagram of 1st Embodiment of the gasification raw material gasification system which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of 2nd Embodiment of the gasification raw material gasification system which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of 3rd Embodiment of the gasification raw material gasification system which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of 4th Embodiment of the gasification raw material gasification system which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of 5th Embodiment of the gasification raw material gasification system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure showing until unburned materials etc. are surface-modified and floated.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a gasification system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a gasification system according to the present invention.
In this aspect, the gasification furnace 2 that gasifies the gasified raw material M to generate the synthesis gas G1, and the unburned material Cs1 and the non-combustible material Cs2 that are contained in the synthesis gas G1 generated in the gasification furnace 2 Dust collector 31 which is the first removal unit 3 for removing and collecting solid Cs having gas, and synthesis gas G2 from which solid Cs having unburned material Cs1 and non-combustible material Cs2 is removed by dust collector 31 Wet cleaning device 41, which is a cleaning unit for removing the tar contained therein and obtaining purified synthesis gas G3, and the cleaning material and tar used for removing tar in synthesis gas G2 by wet cleaning device 41 An oil / water separator 42 which is a tar cleaning substance separator for separating both from the mixture is provided. The wet cleaning device 41 as a cleaning unit and the oil / water separator 42 as a tar cleaning substance separation unit constitute a second removal unit 4. In addition, a separation unit 5 is provided that separates unburned material Cs1 and non-combustible material Cs2 from the solid material Cs removed and collected by the dust collector 31 (hereinafter referred to as “first removed portion collected material Cs”).

The unburned material Cs1 separated from the noncombustible material Cs2 by the separation unit 5 is configured to be supplied to the gasification furnace 2 through the line L1 as a gasified raw material M ′ for regasification. . In addition, the condensed tar Cv separated from the cleaning substance by the oil / water separator 42 is used to separate unburned material Cs1 and unburned material Cs2 from the first removed portion recovered material Cs in the separating unit 5 in order to separate unburned material etc. Since it is used as a chemical (adhesive) for modifying the surface of Cs1, it is stored in the adhesive supply tank 43.
The above is the outline of the gasifier of this embodiment.

  The gasification raw material M used in the present invention is a so-called industrial waste or organic waste. Examples of industrial waste include plastics. Organic waste includes biomass such as rice straw, wheat straw, rice husk, bamboo, straw, palm palm empty fruit bunch, palm palm trunk, herbaceous biomass such as sugarcane-derived waste material such as bagasse, and the remainder of sawmill , Thinned wood (cedar, pine, firewood, lawan, beech, rubber, figs, etc.), roadside tree pruning wood, building waste, waste power poles, bark, dam driftwood and other woody biomass, and livestock residue Biomass derived from animal husbandry such as cattle and pigs, fermentation residue, food residue, black liquor, seaweed and the like.

As the gasification furnace 2, a known gasification furnace can be used, and examples thereof include a fluidized bed type gasification furnace, a spouted bed type gasification furnace, and a rotary kiln. The gasification furnace 2 is an apparatus for generating a synthesis gas G1 by setting the inside of the apparatus to a low oxygen state and burning the gasified raw material M at about 650 to 800 ° C. In this embodiment, a fluidized bed gasifier is used.
The fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 forms a fluidized bed 21 with the fluidized medium S, blows an oxidant from the supply port 22 of the oxidant supply device, fluidizes the fluidized bed 21, and supplies the gasified raw material M to the fluidized bed 21. It is configured to be charged and gasified. Further, the residue 23 comprising the gasified raw material M and the fluidized medium S after the reaction is discharged out of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 from an outlet 24 provided below the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2.

  Here, a fluid medium such as silica sand, alumina, steel shot, and zeolite can be used as the fluid medium. In addition, the kind of fluidized medium can be arbitrarily selected according to the kind of the gasification raw material M.

The synthesis gas G1 generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 is discharged from the gasification furnace 2, and is a removal unit 3 for removing unburned substances Cs1 and non-combustible substances Cs2 contained in the synthesis gas G1. It is sent to the dust collector 31.
Examples of the dust collector 31 include a bag filter and a cyclone. The dust collector 31 has a function of removing solids including Cs1 such as unburned substances and Cs2 contained in the synthesis gas G1 generated at the time of gasification. And the 1st removal part collection | recovery material Cs which is a solid substance containing Cs1 etc. which are unburned things etc. and nonflammable material etc. which were removed and collected with the dust collector 31 is sent to the separation part 5 mentioned later.

On the other hand, the synthesis gas G2 from which the solid matter including the unburned material Cs1 and the incombustible material Cs2 is removed by the dust collector 31 is sent to the wet cleaning device 41 which is a cleaning unit.
The wet cleaning device 41 removes the tar content remaining in the synthesis gas G2 from which the first removed portion recovered material Cs, which is a solid material including unburned material Cs1 and incombustible material Cs2, is removed by the dust collector 31. It is for obtaining the synthesis gas G3 removed and purified. A quencher is generally used. A well-known quencher can be used. The cleaning liquid (cleaning substance) is sprayed from the upper part of the quencher, the synthesis gas G2 is supplied from the lower part, and the two are opposed to each other in the quencher. The tar contained in the synthesis gas G2 is removed together with the cleaning liquid through gas-liquid contact. Here, the processing temperature in the quencher is preferably 50 to 100 ° C.
The wet cleaning apparatus 41 is not limited to the quencher, and for example, a scrubber can be used.

The synthesis gas G2 from which the tar has been removed becomes the purified synthesis gas G3 and is used for raw materials for synthesizing ethanol and methanol, fuels for cogeneration, and the like.
Examples of the cleaning liquid include water, caustic soda, sulfuric acid, and the like, but water is preferable in consideration of cost and ease of handling. The used cleaning liquid W2 can be reused as a cleaning liquid again.
Further, since water is used to make the first removed portion recovered material Cs into a slurry in the separation portion 5 described later, if the cleaning liquid is water in consideration of this point, the used water is used in the separation portion 5. Since it can supply as water W1 to perform, it is preferable when aiming at the efficiency improvement of a system.

  The tar removed from the synthesis gas G2 together with the cleaning liquid in the wet cleaning apparatus 41 is sent to the oil / water separator 42 which is a tar cleaning substance separation unit, and is separated into the condensed tar Cv and the cleaning liquid. The condensed tar Cv is stored in the adhering agent supply tank 43 and is sent to the separation unit 5 as necessary to separate the unburned material Cs1 and the incombustible material Cs2 from the first removed portion recovered material Cs. Used as a chemical (adhesive) for modifying the surface of the unburned material Cs1.

  Depending on the type of gasification raw material, the type of condensed tar Cv to be removed in the second removal section is different, but as an example of the condensed tar Cv, a linear or chain hydrocarbon having about 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or Various hydrocarbons such as cyclic or aromatic are listed. Specific substance names include, for example, phenols such as phenol and dimethylphenol, monocyclic aromatics such as benzene, toluene, and benzodiose, polycyclic aromatics such as naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene, acetyl acid, and propion. Organic acids such as acid and acetic acid, furans and ketones. Needless to say, tar is a mixture of many kinds of compounds and is not limited to the aforementioned substances.

Here, the separation unit 5 will be described.
The separation unit 5 is a part that separates the unburned material Cs1 and the unburned material Cs2 from the first removed portion recovered material Cs, and here, the separated unburned material Cs1 is regasified through the line L1. Is supplied to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 as a gasified raw material M ′.
The separation unit 5 includes a slurry tank 51 having a stirrer 50, a surface reformer 52, a regulating tank 53 having a stirrer 50, and a flotation machine 54.

  In the slurry tank 51, water is added to the first removed portion collection product Cs, and slurry is generated while stirring with the stirrer 50. Further, the amount of water added is adjusted so that the concentration of the first removed portion recovered product Cs is 3 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight when water is added. In addition, as for the water added to the 1st removal part collection | recovery material Cs, when the washing | cleaning liquid isolate | separated from the tar with the oil-water separation apparatus 42 in the 2nd removal part 4 is water as mentioned above, it is preferable to use water W1. . This is because the efficiency of the system can be improved by reusing the cleaning liquid.

The produced slurry is mixed with the condensed tar Cv separated from the cleaning liquid by the oil / water separator 42 and stored in the adhesive supply tank 43 in the second removal section 4 used as flotation oil as an adhesive (FIG. 6). (1)) and sent to the surface reformer 52.
The agglomerated tar that is the flotation oil may be added to the surface reformer after the slurry is charged into the surface reformer 52.

  Here, the amount of condensed tar Cv added to the slurry is preferably 5 to 100% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight of the unburned matter. When the amount of condensed tar Cv generated is small depending on the type of gasified raw material and the amount of condensed tar Cv is less than the amount used as flotation oil, oil is supplied from the flotation oil supply tank 44. You can do it. As the oil supplied here, those derived from fossil fuels such as kerosene, light oil, tar (additional tar), or those derived from biomass such as rapeseed oil and biodiesel fuel can be used. Those derived from biomass are preferred. These flotation oils may be added alone to the slurry.

The surface reformer 52 performs a process of applying a high shearing force to the mixture of the slurry and the flotation oil, reforms the surface of the unburned material Cs1 in the slurry, and improves the flotation property (hydrophobicity). It is a machine for.
The surface reformer 52 may be a known one, and for example, a horizontal multistage high-speed mixer (Japanese Patent No. 4346299) which is a surface reformer invented by the applicant can be used.

  When a strong shearing force is applied to the mixture of slurry and flotation oil by the surface reformer 52, a very thin oil film of flotation oil can be adhered to the surface of the unburned carbon (FIG. 6 (2)). The adhesion of the oil film modifies (hydrophobizes) the surface of the unburned matter and improves the flotation performance in the flotation machine 54 described later. While unburned materials and the like are made hydrophobic, incombustible materials and the like are dispersed in water, that is, they are made hydrophilic so that they are easily separated.

The slurry containing the unburned material and the incombustible material and the like subjected to the surface modification treatment by the surface reformer 52 is sent to the adjustment tank 53 having the stirrer 50.
In the adjustment tank 53, a foaming agent as a separating agent is added to the slurry from the foaming agent supply tank 531, and the slurry is homogenized while being gently stirred by the stirrer 50. Contact and bonding with the foaming agent and flotation oil are achieved.
Here, as the foam material, pine oil, terpineol, polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, higher alcohol, or the like can be used. Moreover, the supply amount of these foaming agents can be appropriately set depending on the amount of unburned matter generated.

The slurry adjusted in the adjusting tank 53 is sent to the flotation machine 54, where the surface-modified unburned material etc. Cs1 and incombustible material etc. Cs2 are separated.
In the flotation machine 54, the hydrophobic unburned material whose surface has been modified due to the oil film adhering to the bubbles generated by the foaming agent or the air bubbles supplied from the lower part of the flotation machine 54 is part of the oil film. (FIG. 6 (3)) and float on the water surface, and is collected as floss (residue) 541.
On the other hand, the non-combustible material such as Cs2 has a higher hydrophilicity than the unburned material, and therefore settles in the lower part of the flotation machine 54 and is collected as the tail 542.

  The above is the configuration of the separation unit 5, and the separation unit 5 can separate the unburnt material Cs 1 and the non-burning material Cs 2 that cause clinker generation from the first removed portion recovered material Cs. Therefore, only the unburned material Cs1 can be returned to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 as the gasified raw material M ′, and the gasification efficiency of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 can be improved. Furthermore, agglomeration of the fluid medium S caused by the clinker can be prevented.

  Further, since the floss 541 (unburned material Cs1) recovered from the flotation machine 45 is in a slurry state, when it is returned to the gasification furnace 2, the contained liquid evaporates, and the unburned material is gasified, and the gas Efficiency can be increased.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the gasification system according to the present invention.
In this aspect, the liquid contents of the first separated substance adjusting unit 55 and the tail 542 are adjusted in order to adjust the liquid contents contained in the unburned material Cs1 collected as the floss 541 in the flotation machine 54. This is a mode in which a second separated substance adjusting unit 56 is provided.

  Since the unburned material Cs1 recovered as the floss 541 is a slurry, it contains a liquid (for example, water). Therefore, by providing the first separated substance adjusting unit 55, the first separated substance whose liquid content is adjusted, that is, the unburned substance Cs1 can be returned to the gasifier.

In the 1st separated substance adjustment part 55, the filter press which is a solid-liquid separation apparatus can be used, for example. In addition to the filter press, as the solid-liquid separator, a belt press, a vacuum filter, a centrifuge, or the like can be used.
On the other hand, the non-combustible material Cs2 collected as the tail 542 is also a slurry and thus contains a liquid (for example, water). Therefore, the second separated matter adjusting unit 56 can be provided to remove the liquid and collect Cs2 such as incombustible material. As the 2nd separated substance adjustment part 56, a dehydrator etc. can be used, for example.

  Further, in the case where the liquid when the floss 541 is subjected to the solid-liquid separation process with the filter press 55 is water, the water W3 is supplied to the slurry tank 51 together with the water W4 generated when the tail is dehydrated, for example. It has become. Reusing water in this way improves the overall system efficiency.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In addition, about the structure similar to 2nd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description shall be abbreviate | omitted.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a third embodiment of the gasification system according to the present invention.
In this aspect, in the second aspect, the condensed tar Cv removed from the gas G2 in the second removal unit is generated in an amount larger than the amount added as a flotation oil as an adhesive to the slurry generated in the slurry tank 51. In this case, excess condensed tar Cv is returned to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 through the line L2 so that it can be regasified.
By this aspect, the gasification efficiency can be improved.

The amount of condensed tar Cv removed from the gas G2 in the second removal unit differs depending on the type of raw material M.
For example, when the raw material M is wood, when the raw material M is 100% by weight, the amount of unburned material in the first removed portion recovered material Cs is about 5 to 25% by weight, and the amount of non-combustible material (ash) is about 5%. The amount of tar generated is about 3 to 10% by weight.

  Therefore, with respect to the slurry produced in the slurry tank 51, the amount of condensed tar Cv required as flotation oil is 5 to 100% by weight of unburned matter, etc., as described in the first embodiment, Considering that it is preferable to add 10 to 30% by weight, there are cases where the amount of condensed tar Cv is insufficient as an amount to be added to the slurry and when it is excessive. If it is insufficient, the oil may be supplied from the flotation oil supply tank 44 as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, when the amount of the condensed tar Cv is excessive with respect to the amount added to the slurry, the gasification efficiency can be improved by returning to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 as a raw material for regasification as in this embodiment. Improvement can be achieved.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In addition, about the structure similar to 2nd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description shall be abbreviate | omitted.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of the gasification system according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, after the unburnt substance Cs1 separated by the separation unit 5 and having the liquid content adjusted by the first separated product adjustment unit 55 is dried in the drying unit 7, it is re-gassed to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2. In this embodiment, the heat source M ′ is used as a heat source for the drying unit by converting the amount of heat of the synthesis gas G1 and / or the synthesis gas G2 using the heat exchangers 8 and 8 ′. Of course, the heat source is not limited to this mode.

  The unburned matter Cs1 whose liquid content has been adjusted by the first separated substance adjusting unit 55 still contains liquid, and when returned to the gasification furnace 2 as it is, it is heated and the liquid evaporates. The lump collapses and becomes a lump with a small particle size. Therefore, in this embodiment, the strength is increased by drying in the drying section, and then returned to the fluidized bed gasifier 2 through the line L1, thereby preventing the unburned material Cs1 from collapsing in the fluidized bed gasifier 2. In addition, gasification is performed by retaining the fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 for a long time, and the efficiency of gasification can be increased.

Although drying with a dryer is performed in the drying section, the moisture content after drying is preferably 10% or less. As a dryer to be used, a known dryer can be used. For example, a belt-type dryer, an agitator-type dryer, a direct or indirect heating horizontal rotary kiln, a steam jet dryer, and the like can be used. Indirect or direct heating rotary kilns are preferred.
In addition, when the particle size of the dried product after drying is large (about 100 mm or more) as in the belt-type dryer, it is preferable that the dried product is roughly crushed and returned to the gasification furnace 2 as necessary.

  Further, the agitator-type dryer and the rotary kiln-type dryer are dried while the particle size is adjusted by the rotating effect of the rotary blades and the kiln. The agitator type dryer has a particle size of 1 to 5 mm, and the rotary kiln type dryer has a particle size of about 1 to 50 mm, and the dried product is discharged from each dryer. Can be returned to. Furthermore, in the case of a steam jet dryer, granulation may be performed because a dry matter having a particle size of 1 mm or less increases, but in order to avoid wasting energy for granulation, the gasification furnace 2 can be directly used. It is preferable to put in

As described above, the particle size of the dried product or crushed product is preferably 1 to 100 mm, more preferably about 5 to 25 mm.
Each dryer can set drying temperature, time, rotation speed, etc. suitably, and can make the granular material of Cs1, such as a suitable unburned thing. Note that the dryer may be provided in any of the first to third embodiments.

Further, in this embodiment, the amount of heat of the synthesis gas G1 and / or G2 is converted using the heat exchangers 8 and 8 ′ and used as a heat source for the dryer. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a heat source for the dryer, and the operating cost of the entire system can be suppressed.
In addition, as a heat source of the dryer, it is also possible to use the combustion heat generated when a part of the purified synthesis gas G3 is burned or the combustion heat of the off gas after using the purified synthesis gas G3. is there.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. In addition, about the structure similar to 2nd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description shall be abbreviate | omitted.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a fifth embodiment of the gasification system according to the present invention.
In this aspect, the unburnt substance Cs1 whose liquid content is adjusted by the first separated substance adjusting unit 55 is granulated by the granular material manufacturing unit 6, and then returned to the gasification furnace 2 as the regasification raw material M ′. It is the aspect made into.

  Since the liquid content can be adjusted by the first separated substance adjusting unit 55, the particle size can be freely adjusted by performing the adjustment so that unburnt substances such as Cs1 can be granulated in the granulating part and granulating. It is possible to freely set the residence time inside the gasification furnace 2, and it becomes easier to control the operation of the gasification furnace 2.

  In the granular material manufacturing unit 6, the granulated material is produced by mixing the unburned material Cs1 whose liquid content is adjusted by the first separated material adjusting unit 55 with the granulated material, and re-gasified by the granulating device. For this purpose, a gasified raw material M ′ is produced. In addition, as a granulating agent, the surplus condensation tar Cv demonstrated in the 3rd embodiment can be used. Although the particle size of the granular material to be produced depends on the type and scale of the gasification furnace, it is about 5 to 50 mm, preferably 5 to 25 mm.

Examples of the granulator include a pelletizer, an agitator type mixing granulator, various mixers, an extrusion type pellet manufacturing apparatus, and a bread type rotary granulating apparatus. The granular material manufacturing unit 6 may be provided in any of the first to fourth embodiments.
Moreover, in the granular material manufacturing part 6, there also exists an aspect dried in the process of the granular material manufacturing part 6 after granulation. This is because, for example, when granulation is performed with the above-described pelletizer or bread-type rotary granulator, the moisture content after granulation is high, so that drying may be necessary.
On the other hand, in the case of an extrusion pellet manufacturing apparatus, drying may be unnecessary because the temperature rises due to the extrusion pressure and the moisture content after granulation is low.
The moisture content after drying is preferably 10% or less.

  According to the present invention, when gasified raw material is gasified by a gasifier to generate synthesis gas, the incombustible material is separated from the solid material removed and recovered, and only the unburned material is returned to the gasification furnace. And agglomeration can be prevented, and the efficiency of gasification can be increased by regasification of unburned material.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification system 2 Gasification furnace 3 1st removal part 4 2nd removal part
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Separation part 6 Granules production part 7 Drying part 8, 8 'Heat exchanger 21 Fluidized bed 31 Dust collector 41 Washing part (wet washing apparatus) 42 Tar cleaning substance separation part (oil-water separation apparatus) 43 Adhesive supply tank 44 Flotation oil supply tank 50 Agitator 51 Slurry tank 52 Surface reformer 53 Adjustment tank
54 Separator (Flotation Machine) 55 First Separator Adjustment Unit (Filter Press)
56 Second Separation Unit (Dehydrator)
Cs First removed portion recovered material Cs1 Unburned material Cs2 Incombustible material Cv Condensed tar G1, G2, G3 Syngas W1, W2, Cleaning substance (water) W3, W4 Water

Claims (8)

A gasification furnace for gasifying the material to be gasified,
A first removal unit for removing solids in the gas generated by the gasification furnace;
A separation unit that separates the solid material removed by the first removal unit into a first separated material mainly composed of unburned material and a second separated material mainly composed of incombustible material,
A gasified raw material gasification system configured to transfer the first separated material separated by the separation unit to the gasification furnace and gasify the gasified material,
The separator is
A slurry tank for slurrying the solid matter;
A surface modification device for attaching a bonding agent to the surface of the first separated material in the slurry and performing a surface modification treatment of the first separated material;
A foaming agent for separating the first separated product and the second separated product, and a slurry containing the first separated product and the second separated product processed by the surface modifying device. An adjustment tank for mixing,
A gasified raw material gasification comprising: a flotation machine that separates the surface-modified first separated product and the second separated product in the slurry mixed in the adjustment tank. system. The gasified raw material gasification system according to claim 1,
A gasified raw material gasification system comprising a first separated substance adjusting unit that adjusts a liquid content of the first separated substance separated in the separating unit. In the gasified raw material gasification system according to claim 1 or 2,
A second removal unit for removing tar from the gas that has passed through the first removal unit;
The gasified raw material gasification system is configured to use tar removed by the second removal unit in the separation unit as the adhesive. In the gasified raw material gasification system according to claim 3,
When the amount of tar removed by the second removal unit is larger than the amount of tar used as the adhesive, a part of the tar removed by the second removal unit is transferred to the gasifier. A gasified raw material gasification system characterized by comprising: In the gasified raw material gasification system according to claim 3 or 4,
The second removing unit separates the cleaning unit that removes tar together with the cleaning substance from the gas from which the solid content has been removed by the first removing unit, and the tar removed together with the cleaning substance and the cleaning substance. A tar cleaning material separation unit, wherein the tar cleaning material separation unit is configured to use the cleaning material separated from the tar in the tar cleaning material separation unit to slurry the solid matter. A gasified raw material system characterized by comprising: In the gasified raw material gasification system according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
A gasified raw material gasification system comprising a drying unit for drying the first separated material adjusted by the first separated material adjusting unit. In the gasified raw material gasification system according to claim 6,
It is configured so that the heat generated by the gas generated by the gasification furnace and / or the gas that has passed through the first removal unit is used as a heat source of the drying unit. Gasification raw material gasification system. In the gasified raw material gasification system according to claim 2,
A granule manufacturing unit for granulating the first separated product adjusted by the first separated product adjusting unit;
The gasified raw material gasification system is configured to granulate the first separated substance adjusted by the first separated substance adjusting unit, and then transfer the gas to the gasification furnace for gasification.

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