JP2012182509A - Power distributor for localizer antenna unit of ils and localizer antenna unit using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power distributor for a localizer antenna unit of ILS which can satisfy vulnerability criteria required by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).SOLUTION: The power distributor includes: a CSB power distributor 1 which distributes power of CSB signals consisting of inputted carrier signals and sideband signals by a plurality of bi-coaxial coupler lines 11-15 with different power distribution ratios; and an SBO power distributor 2 which distributes power of SBO signals consisting only of inputted sideband signals by a plurality of bi-coaxial coupler lines 21-26 with different power distribution ratios.

Description

  Embodiments of the present invention relate to an ILS (Instrument Landing System) localizer antenna power distributor for guiding an aircraft to a runway and a localizer antenna using the same.

  The ILS is a wireless landing assist device that directs radio waves with directivity from ground facilities near the airport to aircraft that are approaching for landing, and directs the course of approach to the runway. Even when it is bad, the aircraft can be safely guided to the runway. The ILS mainly includes a localizer (LOC) indicating a left / right deviation from the center of the approach course to the runway and a glide slope (GS) indicating an appropriate approach angle.

  The ILS emits radio waves from the antenna array that indicate the course of entry to the runway. Signals used to radiate radio waves are a CSB (Carrier Sideband) signal composed of a carrier signal and a sideband signal and an SBO (Sideband only) signal composed only of a sideband signal. For these CSB signal and SBO signal, In order to form a unique radiation pattern in which the electric field strength decreases as the azimuth angle from the center of the approach course increases, power is distributed and then sent to the antenna array.

  A power distributor for performing power distribution of the CSB signal and the SBO signal is constituted by a λ / 4 type strip line formed on a printed circuit board. Since this power distributor is installed behind the center of the antenna array, the vulnerability required by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), that is, a certain size of the aircraft collided with the power distributor. Even if it is a case, it is necessary to have such a vulnerability that it can be immediately destroyed without damaging the aircraft.

  Since the power distributor constituted by the strip line formed on such a printed board has a large shape, a large storage space is required. In addition, since the necessary power distribution is divided into a plurality of parts, the structure is mechanically robust.

“Performance evaluation of LPDA type localizer antenna / Estimation of radio wave obstruction in ILS localizer”, Electronic Navigation Research Institute report No. 48, 1985.1, Institute of Electronic Navigation, Ministry of Transport

  The power distributor used in the above-described conventional ILS requires a large storage space because of its large shape, and is configured to perform necessary power distribution in a plurality of parts, so mechanically It has a sturdy structure. As a result, there is a problem that it is difficult to satisfy the vulnerability requested by ICAO.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an ILS localizer antenna power distributor capable of satisfying the vulnerability required by ICAO, and a localizer antenna device using the same.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, according to the power divider for ILS according to the embodiment, the CSB signal composed of the input carrier signal and the sideband signal is transmitted by a plurality of two coaxial coupler lines having different power distribution ratios. It is characterized by comprising a CSB power distributor for distributing and an SBO power distributor for distributing the power of the SBO signal consisting only of the input sideband signal by a plurality of two coaxial coupler lines having different power distribution ratios.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power divider | distributor for ILS localizer antenna apparatuses which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the 2 coaxial coupler line used with the power divider | distributor for the localizer antenna apparatus of ILS which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the 2 coaxial coupler line used with the power divider | distributor for the localizer antenna apparatus of ILS which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the localizer antenna apparatus of ILS which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a main part of a power distributor used in the ILS localizer antenna apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows only the power divider on one side.

  The power distributor includes a CSB power distributor 1 and an SBO power distributor 2. The CSB power distributor 1 performs power distribution of a CSB signal composed of a carrier signal and a sideband signal transmitted from a CSB transmitter (not shown). 1-NO. 6 is sent as an antenna output to an antenna array (not shown).

  The CSB power distributor 1 is configured by connecting five distributors 11 to 15 arranged on a printed circuit board 20 with lines composed of print patterns. Each of the distributors 11 to 15 is composed of two coaxial coupler lines as shown in FIG.

  The 2-coaxial coupler line has an elaborate shielded cable structure with conductors of the same outer diameter parallel to the center. The two coaxial coupler line is a distributed coupling line having a two-wire shielding structure, and any of the following three types can be used.

  In the strong coupling type, in order to make the pair of inner conductors 31 very close (several tens of microns) and arranged at regular intervals, two wires as shown in FIG. 2 (a) or as shown in FIG. 2 (b) are shown. In this way, one inner conductor 31 is covered with a first insulator 32 having a constant thickness, and is brought into close contact with the second insulator 33 made of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).

  The loosely coupled type is a uniform insulating type in which the interval between the two inner conductors 31 is widened as shown in FIG. The outermost shell is covered with seamless oxygen-free copper as the outer conductor 34. A directional coupler is formed by cutting the two coaxial coupler lines configured in this manner to an appropriate length and terminating the line, and the directional coupler is used as a distributor having a different distribution ratio.

  The CSB signal input from the outside is input to the distributor 11. The signal picked up by the distributor 11 is sent to the distributor 12, and the through signal is sent to the distributor 13. The distributor 12 receives the signal from the distributor 11, sends the pickup signal to the distributor 14, and sends the through signal as NO. 5 Send to outside as antenna output. The distributor 13 receives the signal from the distributor 11 and outputs the pickup signal as NO. 3. Send to outside as 3 antenna output and send through signal to distributor 15.

  The distributor 14 receives the signal from the distributor 12 and outputs the pickup signal as NO. 6 Send to outside as antenna output and send through signal NO. 2 Send to outside as antenna output. The distributor 15 receives the signal from the distributor 13 and outputs the pickup signal as NO. 4 Send to outside as antenna output and send through signal NO. Send to outside as one antenna output.

  In the above configuration, the NO. Of the CSB power distributor 1 is determined by appropriately determining which of the through signal or the pickup signal is sent to the distributor in the next stage or used as the antenna output. 1-NO. It is adjusted so that the power required for 6 antenna output is obtained. The line from the distributor formed on the printed circuit board 10 to the antenna output terminal is also used for phase correction.

  The SBO power distributor 2 distributes the power of the SBO signal including only the sideband signal transmitted from the SBO transmitter (not shown), and the NO. 1-NO. 7 Sends to antenna array not shown as antenna output. The SBO power distributor 2 is configured by connecting six distributors 21 to 26 arranged on the printed circuit board 20 with lines composed of print patterns. Like the CSB power distributor 1, each of the distributors 21 to 26 includes a two-coaxial coupler line as shown in FIG.

  The SBO signal input from the outside is input to the distributor 21. The signal picked up by the distributor 21 is sent to the distributor 22, and the through signal is sent to the distributor 23. The distributor 22 receives the signal from the distributor 21, sends a pickup signal to the distributor 24, and sends a through signal as NO. 7 Send to outside as antenna output. The distributor 23 receives a signal from the distributor 21, sends a pickup signal to the distributor 25, and sends a through signal to the distributor 26.

  The distributor 24 receives the signal from the distributor 22 and outputs the pickup signal as NO. 6 Send to outside as antenna output and send through signal NO. 4 Send to outside as antenna output. The distributor 25 receives the signal from the distributor 23 and outputs the pickup signal as NO. 2 Send to outside as antenna output and send through signal NO. 3 Send to outside as antenna output. The distributor 26 receives the signal from the distributor 23 and outputs the pickup signal as NO. 5 Send to outside as antenna output and send through signal NO. Send to outside as one antenna output.

  In the above configuration, the NO. Of the SBO power distributor 2 is determined by appropriately deciding which one of the through signal and the pickup signal is sent to the distributor in the next stage or used as the antenna output. 1-NO. 7 It is adjusted so that the power required for the antenna output can be obtained. The line from the distributor formed on the printed circuit board 10 to the antenna output terminal is also used for phase correction.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the directional coupler that functions as a distributor is configured by using two coaxial coupler lines instead of the conventional λ / 4 type strip line. The shape (length) of the container can be reduced (shortened), and the power distributor can be reduced in size and weight. Therefore, since the storage space of the power distributor can be reduced, the storage case can be reduced in size and weight, and it can be easily configured to satisfy the vulnerability required by ICAO.

  In the first embodiment, a linear two-coaxial coupler line as shown in FIG. 2 is used as a distributor. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the two-coaxial coupler line is processed to produce a coil. And can be configured to be used as a distributor. According to this configuration, the power distributor can be further miniaturized and the phase can be corrected by the coil.

(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, an ILS localizer antenna apparatus is configured using the power distributor according to the first embodiment described above. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the ILS localizer antenna.

  The localizer antenna device includes a CSB power distributor 1, an SBO power distributor 2, a high-frequency bridge circuit 3, an antenna array 4, and an integral monitor 5.

  The CSB power distributor 1 is the same as the CSB power distributor described in the first embodiment, and performs power distribution of a CSB signal made up of a carrier signal and a sideband signal sent from the outside to perform a high-frequency bridge. Send to circuit 3.

  The SBO power distributor 2 is the same as the SBO power distributor described in the first embodiment. The SBO power distributor 2 distributes the power of the SBO signal consisting only of the sideband signal sent from the outside to the high-frequency bridge circuit 3. send.

  The high-frequency bridge circuit 3 synthesizes the high-frequency signal sent from the CSB power distributor 1 and the high-frequency signal sent from the SBO power distributor 2 and sends them to the antenna array 4.

  The antenna array 4 includes left-side antenna elements 1L to 7L and right-side antenna elements 1R to 7R from the center of the runway, and converts high-frequency signals sent from the high-frequency bridge circuit 3 into radio waves. Radiate. The antenna array 4 sends high-frequency signals picked up from the antenna elements 1L to 7L and the antenna elements 1R to 7R to the integral monitor 5.

  The integral monitor 5 displays information on the approach to the runway based on signals from the antenna elements 1L to 7L and the antenna elements 1R to 7R, for example, information indicating a change in the high frequency phase of the signal radiated from the antenna array 4. . The integral monitor 5 generates and outputs a course signal and a course width signal.

  Next, the operation of the ILS localizer antenna apparatus according to the second embodiment configured as described above will be described. A CSB signal sent from an external transmitter (not shown) is input to the CSB power distributor 1, and an SBO signal is input to the SBO power distributor 2.

  The CSB power distributor 1 distributes the power of the input CSB signal and sends it to the high frequency bridge circuit 3. The SBO power distributor 2 distributes the power of the input SBO signal and sends it to the high-frequency bridge circuit 3. The high-frequency bridge circuit 3 synthesizes the signal sent from the CSB power distributor 1 and the signal sent from the SBO power distributor 2, and from the center of the runway to the left antenna elements 1L to 7L and the right antenna Send to elements 1R-7R.

  The antenna array 4 (the antenna elements 1L to 7L for the left side and the antenna elements 1R to 7R for the right side from the center of the runway) convert the high frequency signal sent from the high frequency bridge circuit 3 into a radio wave and radiate it. At the same time, high-frequency signals picked up from a plurality of antenna elements are sent to the integral monitor 5.

  The integral monitor 5 combines the high frequency signal picked up by the left antenna elements 1L to 7L from the center of the runway and the high frequency signal picked up by the right antenna elements 1R to 7R to indicate the runway center line. A signal and a signal indicating the course width are generated. Based on these signals, information indicating the fluctuation of the high-frequency phase of the signal radiated from the antenna array 4 is displayed.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the CSB power distributor 1 and the SBO power distributor 2 are configured using two coaxial coupler lines, the ILS localizer antenna apparatus is configured in a small size. Can do. Therefore, since the storage space of the power distributor can be reduced, the storage case can be reduced in size and weight, and it can be easily configured to satisfy the vulnerability required by ICAO.

  As mentioned above, although several embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CSB power distributor 2 SBO power distributor 3 High frequency bridge circuit 4 Antenna array 5 Integral monitor 10, 20 Printed circuit board 11-15 Distributor 21-21 for CSB power distributor 31 Distributor 31 for SBO power distributor Inner conductor 32 First insulator 33 Second insulator 34 External conductor

Claims (3)

A CSB power distributor that performs power distribution of a CSB signal composed of an input carrier signal and a sideband signal by a plurality of two coaxial coupler lines having different distribution ratios;
An SBO power distributor for performing power distribution of an SBO signal consisting only of input sideband signals by a plurality of two coaxial coupler lines having different distribution ratios;
A power distributor for an ILS localizer antenna device.   2. The power distributor for a localizer antenna device of ILS according to claim 1, wherein the two coaxial coupler lines used in at least one of the CSB power distributor or the SBO power distributor are formed in a coil shape. . A CSB power distributor that performs power distribution of a CSB signal composed of an input carrier signal and a sideband signal by a plurality of two coaxial coupler lines having different distribution ratios;
An SBO power distributor for performing power distribution of an SBO signal consisting only of input sideband signals by a plurality of two coaxial coupler lines having different distribution ratios;
A high-frequency bridge circuit that combines a signal from the CSB power divider and a signal from the SBO power divider;
An antenna array that radiates by converting a signal from the high-frequency bridge circuit into a radio wave, and
An integral monitor that displays information about the approach to the runway based on signals picked up from the antenna array;
An ILS localizer antenna device, comprising:

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