JP2012174421A - Luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a luminaire which saves electric power by being turned on with lightness corresponding to an action state of a person.SOLUTION: A luminaire A includes an image sensor 3 which picks up an image of a predetermined space and outputs the picked-up image, and a control part 2 which controls the illumination state of a light source 1 based upon the picked-up image. The control part 2 includes a human body detection part 12 which detects whether there is a person in a detection region based upon a difference image output from a difference image generation part 11, and detects an action state of the person when there is the person; and an illumination control part 14 which controls the light source 1 according to the output from the human body detection part 12. The illumination control part 14 turns on the light source 1 at a predetermined first illumination level when the human body detection part 12 detects a person in a moving state. Further, the illumination control part 14 turns on the light source 1 at a predetermined second illumination level of higher illuminance than the first illumination level when the human body detection part 12 detects a person in a stationary state.

Description

  The present invention relates to an illumination device that detects an individual using an image sensor and performs illumination according to the detection result.

  Conventionally, for the purpose of power saving, there has been a lighting device in which a human sensor that detects the presence or absence of a person in an illumination space is arranged, and lighting fixtures are automatically turned on and off according to the output from the human sensor. Is provided. In recent years, lighting devices have been devised that use power sensors such as CCD (Charge Coupled Device) and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) to save power by acquiring human movement and brightness with high accuracy. (See Patent Document 1).

  In the illumination device described in Patent Document 1, a place where there is no person by grasping the position of a person by changing the shape of a shadow by alternately switching on and off at least two of the plurality of light sources The useless power consumption is reduced by turning off the lights.

JP 2009-238454 A

  By the way, as a person's action state in an office etc., two states, a moving state such as when moving between seats and a stationary state such as when performing office work, can be considered. In a stationary state such as office work, sufficient brightness is necessary to recognize the work location at hand, but in an active state such as moving, it is safe to recognize obstacles to the target location. The brightness is sufficient to ensure the brightness.

  However, in the lighting device described in the above publication, power saving is achieved by determining the presence or absence of a person and the position of the person, but with a constant illuminance regardless of whether the person is in a moving state or a stationary state. Since lighting equipment is turned on, the power saving effect was not sufficient.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above reasons, and an object of the present invention is to provide an illuminating device that can realize power saving by lighting with brightness according to a human action state. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the lighting device of the present application, an image sensor that captures a predetermined space and outputs a captured image, and a human body detection that detects a person in a detection region set in the space based on the captured image Means, a state detection means for detecting whether a person in the detection area detected by the human body detection means is in a moving state or a stationary state, a light source for illuminating an illumination space including at least the detection area, and a state detection means Lighting control means for controlling the lighting state of the light source in accordance with the detection result by the lighting control means, and the lighting control means determines the light source when the person in the detection area is in the moving state by the state detection means. The light source is turned on at a second lighting level different from the first lighting level when a person in the detection area is detected to be in a stationary state.

  In this lighting device, it is preferable that the lighting control means controls the light source so that the second lighting level has higher illuminance than the first lighting level.

  In addition, for each area obtained by dividing the detection area into a plurality of areas, the first area is a high-frequency area detected as a moving state by the state detection means, and the high-frequency area is detected as a stationary state by the state detection means. An area determination unit for distinguishing the second area is provided, and the illumination control unit is configured to change the illuminance between when a person is detected in the first area and when a person is detected in the second area. You may make it control the lighting state of.

  In this case, it is preferable that the illumination control unit controls the light source so that the illuminance is higher when a person is detected in the second area than when a person is detected in the first area.

  According to the lighting device of the present application, it is possible to provide a lighting device capable of realizing power saving by lighting with brightness according to a human behavior state.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the illuminating device concerning embodiment of this application. (A) is the schematic which shows arrangement | positioning of the illumination device, (b) is a figure which shows an example of the image imaged by the image sensor which comprises the illumination device. (A)-(c) is the schematic for demonstrating the difference image used in the illumination device. It is the schematic for demonstrating operation | movement of the illumination device. It is a graph for demonstrating operation | movement of the illumination device.

  Below, the illuminating device A concerning embodiment of this application is demonstrated using FIGS.

  The illuminating device A is installed, for example, on the ceiling surface, and the lower side (that is, the floor surface) is set as an illumination area (see FIG. 2A). The lighting device A operates by receiving a supply from a commercial power source (not shown), and detects a person who is in the detection area (see FIG. 2B) set in the above-described illumination area. It is a lighting device that lights automatically.

  Moreover, the illuminating device A is provided with the light source 1, the control part 2, the image sensor 3, and the memory | storage part 4 as the component as shown in FIG. The light source 1 includes, for example, an LED (light emitting diode) and the like, and is lit, extinguished, and adjusted in the dimming level by dimming control from the control unit 2. In addition, about the method to light-control the light source 1 and to light with desired brightness, since it is a conventionally well-known technique, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The image sensor 3 includes an imaging element (not shown) such as a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) sensor, converts an analog signal output from the imaging element into a digital signal, and outputs image data (captured image). And output to the control unit 2. In this image sensor 3, an area including at least the entire detection area described above is set as an imaging area, and the imaging area is imaged in response to a request from the control unit 2, and the generated image data is output to the control unit 2. is doing. Note that the image sensor 3 in the present embodiment images an imaging region about every 1/30 second and outputs the image data to the control unit 2.

  The storage unit 4 includes a volatile memory such as, for example, a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRAM), and stores various data read and written by the control unit 2. The storage unit 4 uses a memory having a large storage capacity so that a plurality of pieces of image data output from the image sensor 3 can be stored.

  The control unit 2 is constituted by a processor capable of processing a large amount of arithmetic processing such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) or an advanced image processor. The control unit 2 detects a human body existing in the detection region based on the difference image and the difference image generation unit 11 that generates a difference image between the two image data, and detects the human body's action state. The unit 12 is provided. In addition, the control unit 2 divides the detection area described above into a plurality of areas, and determines whether each area is a work area (second area) or a shared area (first area) described later. The unit 13 is provided. Furthermore, the control unit 2 includes an illumination control unit 14 that controls the lighting state of the light source 1 in accordance with outputs from the human body detection unit 12 and the region determination unit 13 as its constituent elements.

  The difference image generation unit 11 receives current image data (see FIG. 3A) input from the image sensor 3 and image data (FIG. 3B) indicating a background image stored in the storage unit 4 in advance. A difference image (see FIG. 3C) is generated and output. Here, the pixel groups P1 and P2 in FIGS. 3A to 3C correspond to an object other than a person such as a desk, and the pixel group P3 corresponds to a person. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, the pixel groups P1 and P2 that exist in both the current image data and the image data indicating the background image are removed from the difference image, and pixels that exist only in the current image data. The group P3 is output as a difference image.

  For the background image described above, for example, image data obtained by imaging the imaging area by the image sensor 3 in a state where no person exists in the imaging area at the time of initial setting until the detection of the person is started. The human detection result by the human body detection unit 12 is fed back, and when it is determined that there is no person, the image data output from the image sensor 3 is stored in the storage unit 4 as a background image, and the background image is stored in real time. You may make it update. In this way, for example, even when a non-human object (such as a desk or chair) is newly installed, these objects can be output without being included in the difference image. The detection accuracy can be improved.

  The human body detection unit 12 detects a person in the detection area based on the difference image from the difference image generation means 11, detects whether the detected person is in a moving state or a stationary state, and the detection result Is output to the illumination control unit 14. For example, image features such as shape, area, and barycentric position are defined as a person model, and it is determined whether or not an area having the same characteristics as the person model exists in the difference image. Determine if it exists. At this time, if it is determined that a person is present in the detection area, information such as the position and shape of the person is stored in the storage unit 4 in order to determine whether the person is in a moving state or a stationary state. Thereafter, when the presence of a person is detected again, a change in position with respect to time is obtained from the position and shape of the newly detected person and the position and shape of the person stored in the storage unit 4. Here, if the position change with respect to time is large, it is determined that the detected person is in a moving state with movement, and if the change is small, it is determined that the detected person is in a stationary state without movement, and the determination result is included. A detection signal is output to the illumination control unit 14. As described above, in the present embodiment, the human body detection unit 12 includes the human body detection unit that detects a person in the detection region based on the image data, and the state detection unit that detects the behavior state of the person in the detection region. Yes.

  By the way, when the human detection result by the human body detection unit 12 is fed back to the difference image generation unit 11 as described above, if a person is in a stationary state for a certain period of time or more, the stationary human is treated as a background image. For this reason, a person may not be detected from the difference image. Therefore, the human body detection unit 12 detects a person using the image data from the image sensor 3 as well as the difference image from the difference image generation unit 11. Specifically, like the above-described detection of a person using the difference image, a predetermined person model may be defined and detected based on whether or not there is a region that matches the person model. You may utilize the brightness | luminance, edge, etc. in data. Thereby, the human body detection part 12 can detect both the person who is a stationary state and the person who is a moving state with high precision.

  The area determination unit 13 divides the above-described detection area into a plurality of areas, and calculates the appearance frequency of the human behavior state (moving state or stationary state) detected by the human body detection unit 12 for each of the divided regions. To do. The area discriminating unit 13 discriminates whether it is a work area or a shared area according to the calculated appearance frequency, and outputs a discrimination result to the illumination control unit 14. Here, the work area means an area where a person frequently performs office work or the like, and the area discriminating unit 13 detects that the human body detection unit 12 detects a stationary person from a predetermined threshold. If it is too high, it is determined as a work area. Further, the common area means an area where a person frequently moves or performs a large action such as a passage, and the area determination unit 13 detects the detection frequency when the human body detection unit 12 detects a moving person. Is higher than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined as a shared area. When any detection frequency is lower than a predetermined threshold, it is determined as an undetermined area that is not any area, and when any detection frequency is higher than a predetermined threshold, it is determined as a work area.

  When a detection signal indicating the presence of a person is input from the human body detection unit 12, the illumination control unit 14 detects the action state (moving state or stationary state) of the person and the determination result output from the region determination unit 13. Based on the above, the lighting state of the light source 1 is controlled. Specifically, when a stationary person is detected in an area determined by the area determination unit 13 as an unidentified area, the light source 1 is turned on at the second lighting level that is the upper limit of the dimming level in the light source 1. . Further, when a moving person is detected in the unidentified area, the brightness is such that the person can recognize an obstacle and ensure safety (for example, a light control level of 30%). The light source 1 is turned on at the first lighting level. Furthermore, when a person is detected in the area determined as the work area by the area determination unit 13, the light source 1 is turned on at the second lighting level regardless of the person's action state, and the person is detected in the moving area. In this case, the light source 1 is turned on at the first lighting level.

  Here, the operation of the illumination device A will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a view of a large room such as an office as viewed from above, and a plurality of desks 31 and chairs 32 are arranged in a space partitioned by a plurality of partitions 33. A plurality of lighting devices A are installed on the ceiling surface of the room. Below, the operation | movement is demonstrated about the illuminating device A by which area | region S1 shown in a figure was set as an illumination area | region. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the area S1 is divided into a plurality of areas S2 to S7 set as unidentified areas as an initial state. The area determination unit 13 determines whether each of the areas S2 to S7 is a work area or a shared area based on the detection frequency of a stationary person and the detection frequency of a moving person.

  Here, when a person enters the region S4 from the upper right direction of FIG. 4, the human body detection unit 12 detects the person by the detection operation as described above, and determines that the detected person is in the moving state and the illumination control unit. 14 outputs a detection signal. In response to the detection signal, the illumination control unit 14 inquires of the region determination unit 13 whether the region where the person has entered is an unidentified region, a work region, or a common region, and the light source 1 is determined according to the result. Controls the lighting state of. Here, since the region S4 is set as an unidentified region as an initial state, the illumination control unit 14 controls the lighting state of the light source 1 so that the lighting state of the light source 1 becomes the first lighting level.

  Next, when the person moves from the area S4 to the area S3 and sits on the chair 32 in the area S3 and starts office work, the human body detection unit 12 determines that the detected person is stationary and determines that. The detection signal shown is output to the illumination control unit 14. The illumination control unit 14 controls the lighting state of the light source 1 so that the lighting state of the light source 1 becomes the second lighting level because the region S3 is set as an unidentified region as an initial state.

  By repeating such an operation, the frequency that the person detected in the areas S4 and S7 corresponding to the passage is in a moving state exceeds a predetermined threshold value, and the areas S4 and S7 are shared areas by the area determination unit 13. It will be determined that there is. Further, in the areas S2, S3, S5, and S6 where the desk 31 and the like are arranged, the frequency at which a stationary person is detected exceeds a predetermined threshold, and the areas S2, S3, S5, and S6 are operated by the area discriminating unit 13. It is determined that it is an area.

  Here, when a person enters the area S4 from the upper right direction in FIG. 4, a person entering the area S4 is detected by the human body detection unit 12, and the area where the person is detected is determined to be a shared area by the area determination unit 13. The illumination control unit 14 controls the lighting state of the light source 1 to the first lighting level. In addition, when a person enters the area S3, the person in the moving state is detected by the human body detection unit 12, but the area determination unit 13 determines that the area S3 is a work area. The control unit 14 controls the lighting state of the light source 1 to the second lighting level. For example, even when a person who has entered the area S4 stops, the area S4 is determined to be a shared area, and thus the illumination control unit 14 controls the lighting state of the light source 1 to the first lighting level.

  Next, FIG. 5 shows changes in the human detection output from the human body detection unit 12 and the lighting level of the light source 1 when the above-described detection operation is performed in the lighting device A. (A) of FIG. 5 shows the detection output of the person in the area | region (area | region S2, S3, S5, S6) discriminate | determined as a work area | region, (b) shows the area | region (area | region S4, S7) discriminate | determined as a common area | region. ) Shows the human detection output, and (c) shows the lighting level of the light source 1. When a person is detected only in the common area, such as between time t1 and time t2 or between time t5 and t6, the light source 1 is controlled to be at the first lighting level. Further, when a person is detected only in the work area, such as between time t2 and time t3 or between time t4 and time t5, the light source 1 is controlled to be at the second lighting level. Further, when a person is detected in both the work area and the common area, such as between time t3 and time t4, the light source 1 is controlled to be at the second lighting level. That is, in the lighting apparatus A according to the present embodiment, priority is given to detection of a person in the office area, so that the office work of the person in the office area is not affected.

  As described above, in the lighting device A according to the present embodiment, the person is detected based on the image captured by the image sensor 3, and the lighting state of the light source 1 is controlled according to the detected action state of the person. Therefore, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed and power saving can be achieved. Further, when the detected person is in a stationary state, the light source 1 is turned on at a lighting level with higher illuminance than in a moving state, so that work such as office work can be performed comfortably. Moreover, since it can suppress lighting the light source 1 with an unnecessary high illuminance when only moving, power saving can be achieved.

  Further, for each of a plurality of areas obtained by dividing the detection area, it is determined whether the area is a shared area or a work area based on the frequency of movement or stationary state of the detected person, and the light source 1 is determined according to the determination result. Since the lighting state is controlled, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed and power saving can be achieved. In other words, when a person is detected in a work area where the frequency of stationary state is high, the light source 1 is turned on at a lighting level with higher illuminance than in a common area where the frequency of movement is high, so work such as office work is comfortable. Can be done. In addition, when a person is detected only in the common area, the person can safely move while saving power by turning on the light source 1 with a brightness that can secure a clear sky.

  In this embodiment, when the detection area is divided into a plurality of areas, the detection areas are divided into six areas of rectangular areas S2 to S7. However, the same label is obtained by labeling each pixel of the difference image. A set of pixels for which is set may be regarded as one area. In this way, for example, an area can be set for each object or floor color arranged in the detection area, and the discrimination accuracy between the common area and the work area is increased, thereby further saving power. be able to.

A lighting device 1 light source 2 controller 3 image sensor (imaging device)
4 storage unit 11 difference image generation unit 12 human body detection unit (human body detection means, state detection means)
13 Area discriminating section (area discriminating means)
14 Illumination control unit (illumination control means)

Claims (4)

An image sensor that captures a predetermined space and outputs a captured image, a human body detection unit that detects a person in a detection region set in the space based on the captured image, and the human body detection unit that detects the human body A state detection means for detecting whether a person in the detection area is moving or stationary, a light source for illuminating an illumination space including at least the detection area, and the light source according to a detection result by the state detection means Lighting control means for controlling the lighting state of
The lighting control means turns on the light source at a predetermined first lighting level when the state detection means detects that the person in the detection area is in a moving state, and the person in the detection area When it is detected that the camera is in a stationary state, the light source is turned on at a second lighting level different from the first lighting level.   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the illumination control unit controls the light source so that the second lighting level has higher illuminance than the first lighting level. For each of the areas obtained by dividing the detection area into a plurality of areas, the area that is frequently detected as a moving state by the state detection means is the first area, and the frequency that is detected as a stationary state by the state detection means is high. An area discriminating means for distinguishing the area as the second area;
The illumination control means controls the lighting state of the light source with different illuminances when a person is detected in the first area and when a person is detected in the second area. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lighting device is characterized by the following.   The illumination control unit controls the light source so that illuminance is higher when a person is detected in the second area than when a person is detected in the first area. Item 4. The lighting device according to Item 3.

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