JP2012171522A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioner for a vehicle for collecting heat by energy saving.SOLUTION: The air conditioner includes a supply air blowing passage over an air-conditioning blowout port for blowing off air-conditioning air in a vehicle from an outside air introducing port for introducing outside air, an inside air exhaust passage over an inside air exhaust port for exhausting inside air to the vehicle outside from an inside air introducing port for introducing the inside air, an outside air blowing means for generating an air flow toward the air-conditioning blowout port from the outside air introducing port in the supply air blowing passage, an inside air blowing means for generating the air flow toward the inside air exhaust port from the inside air introducing port in the inside air exhaust passage, a heat collector for collecting the heat by exchanging the heat between the inside air flowing in the inside air exhaust passage and the outside air introduced from the outside air introducing port, and a direct outside air introducing port of not passing through the heat collector. When starting cooling operation or heating operation, since the outside air is introduced from the direct outside air introducing port, electric power consumption of the outside air blowing means can be reduced.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner.

  Conventionally, in an engine vehicle, for example, a vehicle air conditioner has been devised that includes a total heat exchanger that absorbs heat from inside air during intake and exhaust and dissipates heat to the outside air and a refrigeration cycle, and that uses exhaust heat from the engine for heating. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  This vehicle air conditioner can increase the temperature of the outside air by utilizing the heat of the inside air, so that heat loss due to the introduction of the outside air can be reduced and the heating effect can be improved. The evaporator (cooling heat) of the refrigeration cycle can be improved. The heater core (heating heat exchanger) which uses engine cooling water (hot water) as a heat source is disposed on the air downstream side of the exchanger. And, as the air conditioning temperature control system, an air mix system that adjusts the mixing ratio of cold and hot air is adopted, and the heater core is adjusted by the opening degree of the air mix door arranged on the upstream side of the heater core and on the downstream side of the evaporator. The temperature of the air blown into the passenger compartment is controlled by adjusting the air volume ratio between the passing hot air and the cold air bypassing the heater core.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-16531

  In such a conventional vehicle air conditioner, the temperature of the outside air can be brought close to the temperature of the inside air by utilizing the heat of the inside air, so that heat loss due to the introduction of the outside air can be reduced, but the start-up at the start of the operation can be reduced. Even when there is almost no temperature difference between the passenger compartment and the outside air, the outside air is introduced through the total heat exchanger and the pressure loss increases, which increases the load on the blower, that is, the power consumption. Had problems.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can suppress an increase in pressure loss at the start of operation and suppress power consumption of a blower.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a supply air passage from an outside air introduction port for introducing outside air to an air conditioning outlet for blowing conditioned air into the vehicle, and an inside air from the inside air introduction port for introducing inside air. An inside air discharge path to the inside air discharge port for discharging to the outside air, an outside air blowing means for generating an air flow from the outside air introduction port to the air conditioning outlet in the supply air blowing passage, and an inside air discharge passage from the inside air introduction port to the inside air discharge passage Inside air blowing means for generating an air flow toward the inside air discharge port, an in-vehicle heat exchanger for heating the air flowing through the supply air blowing path, and a cooling inside heat for cooling the air flowing through the supply air blowing path An exchanger, an external heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outside air as a condenser during cooling operation and heating operation, and an internal heat exchanger for cooling and a refrigeration cycle for circulating a refrigerant between the external heat exchanger and the compressor When A heat recovery unit that recovers heat by exchanging heat between the inside air flowing through the inside air discharge path and the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port, and a direct outside air introduction port that does not pass through the heat recovery unit are provided for cooling operation or heating operation. At the start of this, outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

  According to the present invention, when the cooling operation or the heating operation is started, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet, so that when there is almost no temperature difference between the passenger compartment and the outside air at the start of the operation, the heat recovery is performed. Since the outside air can be directly introduced from the outside air introduction port without passing through the vessel, the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery unit, that is, the load on the outside air blowing means can be reduced, and the power consumption of the outside air blowing means can also be reduced.

  In particular, at the start of operation, in order to speed up the start-up, there are many cases of operation with a larger air volume than normal operation, the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery device becomes larger than normal operation, the load of the outside air blowing means, that is, the power consumption of the outside air blowing means Therefore, by introducing the outside air directly from the outside air inlet without passing through the heat recovery device, the power consumption can be further reduced and the effect of providing an air-conditioning apparatus for vehicles with an energy saving effect can be obtained. Can do.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (A) Schematic configuration diagram showing an initial operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, (b) Schematic configuration diagram showing a normal operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner, (c) Air conditioning for the vehicle Schematic configuration diagram showing the defrosting operation mode of the device Schematic block diagram of the vehicle air conditioner of Embodiment 2 of the present invention (A) Schematic configuration diagram showing an initial operation state of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, (b) Schematic configuration diagram showing a normal operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner The schematic block diagram which shows the ventilation path of the heat recovery device of Embodiment 2 of this invention. The schematic block diagram which shows another ventilation path of the heat recovery device of Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle air conditioner includes an outside air and inside air blowing path and a refrigeration cycle system. FIG. 2 shows an operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner that is changed according to the environmental conditions of the outside air and the inside air, the operation state of the vehicle air conditioner, and the like.

  The outside air and inside air blowing passages include an air supply passage 3 (broken arrows in the figure) from an outside air introduction port 1 for introducing outside air to an air conditioning outlet 2 for blowing conditioned air into the vehicle, and an inside air from the inside air introduction port 4. An inside air discharge passage 8 (solid arrow in the figure) for discharging inside air toward the discharge port 7 and an outside air blowing means 9a for generating an air flow from the outside air introduction port 1 to the air conditioning outlet 2 in the supply air blowing passage 3. The inside air discharge path 8 is provided with an inside air blowing means 9b for generating an air flow from the inside air introduction port 4 toward the inside air discharge port 7.

  In addition, a heat recovery unit 19 that absorbs heat from the inside air flowing through the inside air discharge path 8 and dissipates heat to the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port 1 is provided. The heat recovery unit 19 is a sensible heat exchanger that exchanges sensible heat.

  In addition, in the outside air blowing path, a heat recovery device bypass path from the direct outside air introduction port 1a for introducing outside air to the air conditioning outlet 2 that bypasses the heat recovery device 19 and blows the conditioned air into the vehicle by the outside air blowing means 9a. 30 (dotted line arrow in FIGS. 1 and 2) is an inside air blowing path 31 for exhausting the inside air from the inside of the vehicle to the inside air rear outlet 23 arranged in the trunk room at the rear of the vehicle (FIG. 2). (A) dash-dot line arrow) is provided.

  Also, dampers 21 and 21a are provided at the outside air inlet 1 and the directly outside air inlet 1a, and whether or not the outside air is introduced via the heat recovery device 19 can be selected by opening and closing the dampers 21 and 21a.

  The inside air inlet 4 is provided with a temperature sensor 5 as an inside air temperature detecting means for detecting the air temperature inside the vehicle, and the inside air outlet 7 is provided with a temperature sensor 6 as an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the air temperature outside the car. It has been.

  As a heat source, an external heat exchanger 12 for exchanging heat with the outside air as a condenser is provided in an air passage different from the air supply air passage 3, and the air flowing through the air supply air passage 3 is cooled in the air supply air passage 3. A cooling in-vehicle heat exchanger 10 (evaporator) and a heating in-vehicle heat exchanger 11 (heater core using the heat of engine cooling water) are provided, and the cooling in-vehicle heat exchanger 10 and the out-of-vehicle heat exchanger 12 are provided. A refrigeration cycle for circulating the refrigerant between the compressor 13 and the compressor 13. The refrigeration cycle is provided with a throttle valve 16 (with an expansion valve 16a and an electromagnetic valve 16b as shown in the figure) between the external heat exchanger 12 and the cooling internal heat exchanger 10.

  In the above configuration, the operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the cooling operation will be described. FIG. 2A shows a case where the cooling operation is started when the outside temperature is 35 ° C. and the vehicle is stopped. Since the temperature inside the vehicle is close to the outside air temperature and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is small, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port 1a by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a (the damper 21 is closed, the damper 21a is opened, and the following explanation of the damper operation is similar). (Omitted), bypasses the heat recovery device 19, passes through the heat recovery device bypass path 30, and is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant when passing through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 10 for cooling the evaporator, and is a heating source of the in-vehicle heat exchanger 11 for heating Then, the temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and cool air is blown out from the air conditioning outlet 2 to the windshield and the driver. The blown out cold air circulates in the vehicle as the inside air, and the inside air is passed through the inside air rear discharge passage 31 and is discharged from the inside air rear outlet 23 located in the trunk room at the rear of the vehicle due to an increase in the inside pressure due to the introduction of the driving wind and outside air of the vehicle. Discharged.

  As described above, since the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet 1a at the start of the cooling operation, when there is almost no temperature difference between the passenger compartment and the outside air at the start of the operation, the heat recovery device 19 is allowed to pass. Since the outside air can be introduced directly from the outside air introduction port 1a, the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery unit 19, that is, the load on the outside air blowing means 9a can be reduced, and the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a can also be reduced.

  In particular, at the start of operation, the outside air blowing means 9a is often operated with a larger air volume than the normal operation in order to speed up the start-up, and the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery device 19 becomes larger than the normal operation in a state where the vehicle interior temperature is lowered, Since the load of the outside air blowing means 9a, that is, the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a is increased as compared with the normal operation, the power consumption can be further reduced by directly introducing outside air from the outside air introduction port 1a without passing through the heat recovery device 19. .

  Next, FIG. 2B shows a case where the cooling operation is started and the in-vehicle temperature is lowered to 25 ° C., for example. The outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction port 1 by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a (the damper 21 is opened, the damper 21a is closed, and the description of the same damper operation is omitted hereinafter), and is cooled by the heat recovery device 19 to the inside air having a temperature lower than the outside air. The refrigerant passes through the air supply air passage 3 and is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant when passing through the evaporator heat exchanger 10 for cooling of the evaporator, adjusted to a predetermined temperature by the heating source of the heat exchanger 11 for heating, Cool air is blown out from the exit 2 to the windshield and the driver. The blown cold air is circulated in the vehicle as inside air, and is warmed to the outside air by the heat recovery device 19 in the inside air discharge path 8 from the inside air introduction port 4 by the operation of the inside air blowing means 9b, and is discharged from the inside air discharge port 7 to the outside of the vehicle. The

  In this way, the heat recovery device 19 exchanges heat between the outside air having a temperature higher than the inside air and the inside air having a temperature lower than the outside air, and the outside air is introduced after the temperature is brought close to the vehicle interior temperature. Reduced power consumption of the compressor 13 can be reduced.

  Next, the heating operation will be described. FIG. 2A shows a case where the heating operation is started when the outside air temperature is 0 ° C. and the vehicle is stopped. Since the temperature inside the vehicle is close to the outside air temperature and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is small, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port 1a by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a, bypasses the heat recovery device 19 and passes through the heat recovery device bypass path 30. Then, the temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature by the heating source of the heating in-vehicle heat exchanger 11, and hot air is blown out from the air conditioning outlet 2 to the windshield and the driver. The blown warm air circulates inside the vehicle as the inside air, and the inside air is passed through the inside air rear discharge passage 31 and the outside air outlet 23 arranged in the trunk room at the rear of the vehicle due to the increase in the inside pressure due to the introduction of the driving wind and outside air. Is discharged. The difference from the cooling operation described with reference to FIG. 2A is that the refrigeration cycle is not operated and the outside air is not cooled by the cooling vehicle interior heat exchanger 10.

  As described above, when the heating operation is started, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port 1a. Therefore, when there is almost no temperature difference between the passenger compartment and the outside air at the start of the operation, the heat recovery device 19 is passed. Since the outside air can be introduced directly from the outside air introduction port 1a, the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery unit 19, that is, the load on the outside air blowing means 9a can be reduced, and the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a can also be reduced.

  In particular, at the start of operation, the outside air blowing means 9a is often operated with a larger air volume than the normal operation in order to make the start-up faster, and the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery device 19 becomes larger than the normal operation in a state where the vehicle interior temperature is raised, Since the load of the outside air blowing means 9a, that is, the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a is increased as compared with the normal operation, the power consumption can be further reduced by directly introducing outside air from the outside air introduction port 1a without passing through the heat recovery device 19. .

  Next, FIG. 2B shows a case where the heating operation is started and the in-vehicle temperature rises to 20 ° C., for example. The outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction port 1 by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a, cooled to the inside air having a temperature higher than the outside air by the heat recovery device 19, passes through the supply air blowing passage 3, and the heating source of the heating in-vehicle heat exchanger 11 Then, the temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature and hot air is blown out from the air conditioning outlet 2 to the windshield and the driver. The blown warm air becomes the inside air and circulates inside the vehicle, and is cooled to the outside air by the heat recovery device 19 in the inside air discharge path 8 from the inside air introduction port 4 by the operation of the inside air blowing means 9b, and discharged from the inside air discharge port 7 to the outside of the vehicle. Is done.

  When the combustion efficiency of the vehicle engine is high, there is little waste heat, so the capacity of the heating vehicle interior heat exchanger 11 as a heating source that can be used for heating operation is insufficient. The heat recovery device 19 exchanges heat with the higher temperature inside air so that the outside air is introduced after the temperature is brought close to the inside temperature of the vehicle, thereby reducing the heating load of the heating source of the heating inside heat exchanger 11.

  Next, FIG. 2 (c) continues the heating operation of FIG. 2 (b) using the heat recovery device 19, and performs the heating operation while the defrost operation is performed when freezing occurs in the air passage of the heat recovery device 19. Show.

  For example, if the operation shown in FIG. 2B is continued at an outside air temperature of 0 ° C. and a vehicle interior temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, moisture in the vehicle interior in the inside air discharge passage 8 is condensed by heat exchange with the outside air inside the heat recovery unit 19. However, freezing occurs when the operation is continued.

  In order to eliminate this freezing, as shown in FIG. 2C, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port 1a by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a, bypasses the heat recovery device 19 and passes through the heat recovery device bypass path 30. Then, the temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature by the heating source of the heating in-vehicle heat exchanger 11, and hot air is blown out from the air conditioning outlet 2 to the windshield and the driver.

  The hot air blown out becomes the inside air and circulates in the vehicle. By the operation of the inside air blowing means 9b, the frozen ice is melted by the heat recovery device 19 in the inside air discharge passage 8 from the inside air introduction port 4, and together with the defrost water, the inside air is discharged. It is discharged from the exit 7 to the outside of the vehicle.

  The heating operation using the heat recovery unit 19 in FIG. 2B and the defrost operation in FIG. 2C are switched at regular time intervals. For example, after 50 minutes of operation in FIG. 2B, 10 minutes of operation in FIG. 2C is performed, and the operation returns to the operation in FIG. 2B, and the heating operation is continued while sequentially switching the operation.

  As another driving means, if the temperature sensor 5 for detecting the air temperature inside the vehicle and the temperature sensor 6 for detecting the air temperature outside the vehicle are used, the operation of FIG. 2 (b) and the operation of FIG. 2 (c) are appropriately performed. By switching, it is also possible to prevent the heat recovery unit 19 from freezing.

  By adopting a configuration in which freezing of the heat recovery device 19 is eliminated or prevented by the warm inside air in the vehicle in this way, it is possible to continue the energy-saving heating operation in which heat is recovered using the heat recovery device 19 during heating.

(Embodiment 2)
3-4, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component similar to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle air conditioner includes an outside air and inside air blowing path and a heat pump system. FIG. 4 shows the operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner that is changed according to the environmental conditions of the outside air and the inside air, the operation state of the vehicle air conditioner, and the like.

  The outside air and inside air blowing passages include an air supply passage 3 (broken arrows in the figure) from an outside air introduction port 1 for introducing outside air to an air conditioning outlet 2 for blowing conditioned air into the vehicle, and an inside air from the inside air introduction port 4. An inside air discharge passage 8 (solid arrow in the figure) for discharging inside air toward the discharge port 7 and an outside air blowing means 9a for generating an air flow from the outside air introduction port 1 to the air conditioning outlet 2 in the supply air blowing passage 3. The inside air discharge path 8 is provided with an inside air blowing means 9b for generating an air flow from the inside air introduction port 4 toward the inside air discharge port 7.

  In addition, a heat recovery unit 19 that absorbs heat from the inside air flowing through the inside air discharge path 8 and dissipates heat to the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port 1 is provided. The heat recovery unit 19 is a sensible heat exchanger that exchanges sensible heat.

  In addition, in the outside air blowing path, a heat recovery device bypass path from the direct outside air introduction port 1a for introducing outside air to the air conditioning outlet 2 that bypasses the heat recovery device 19 and blows the conditioned air into the vehicle by the outside air blowing means 9a. 30 (dotted line arrow in FIGS. 3 and 4) and the inside air ventilation path, an inside air rear exhaust path 31 (FIG. 4) that exhausts the inside air toward the inside air rear outlet 23 arranged in the trunk room behind the vehicle from the inside of the vehicle. (A) dash-dot line arrow) is provided.

  The inside air inlet 4 is provided with a temperature sensor 5 as an inside air temperature detecting means for detecting the air temperature inside the vehicle, and the inside air outlet 7 is provided with a temperature sensor 6 as an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the air temperature outside the car. It has been.

  A heat source is provided with a condenser at the time of cooling operation and a heat exchanger 12 outside the vehicle as an evaporator at the time of heating operation, and is supplied to the air supply air path 3 as a heat source. A first in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a and a second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a for cooling or heating the air flowing through the road 3 are provided, and the first in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a, the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a, and the outside heat exchanger 12 are provided. And a compressor 13 for circulating the refrigerant between the compressor 13.

  Here, the configuration of the heat pump will be described.

  On the high-pressure refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 13, a four-way valve 14, a check valve 15 between the four-way valve 14 and the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 12, and a throttle valve 16 between the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 12 and the first vehicle interior heat exchanger 10a ( As shown in the figure, an expansion valve 16a and a solenoid valve 16b are incorporated), and a check valve 17 and a throttle valve 18 (an expansion valve 18a as shown in the figure) are provided between the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a and the out-of-vehicle heat exchanger 12. A solenoid valve 18b is built in) to constitute a heat pump. Here, in the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 6 as the above-described outside air temperature detecting means is provided on the suction side of the outside heat exchanger 12.

  A heat recovery unit 19 that absorbs heat from the inside air flowing through the inside air discharge path 8 and dissipates heat to the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port 1 is provided. The heat recovery unit 19 is a sensible heat exchanger that exchanges sensible heat.

  The feature of the present application is that the inside air that has passed through the heat recovery device 19 is blown to the outside heat exchanger 12. In this embodiment, a part of the outside heat exchanger 12 is connected to the inside air discharge port 7 and the heat recovery device 19. It is provided in the inside air discharge path 8 between.

  5 and 6 show the configuration of the air passage of the heat recovery unit 19.

  In the air supply air passage 3, the first opening 24 is provided between the outside air inlet 1 and the heat recovery unit 19, and the second opening 25 is provided between the air conditioning outlet 2 and the heat recovery unit 19, and the outside air switching unit 28 a switches the connection between the outside air inlet 1 and the first opening 24 or the second opening 25, and the outside air switching unit 28 b switches the connection between the air conditioning outlet 2 and the first opening 24 or the second opening 25. . In the inside air discharge path 8, the third opening 26 is provided between the inside air introduction port 4 and the heat recovery unit 19, and the fourth opening 27 is provided between the inside air discharge port 7 and the heat recovery unit 19, and the inside air switching unit 29a. Switches the connection between the inside air introduction port 4 and the third opening 26 or the fourth opening 27, and the inside air switching unit 29 b switches the connection between the inside air discharge port 7 and the third opening 26 or the fourth opening 27.

  In the above configuration, each operation mode described in Table 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the cooling operation will be described. FIG. 4A shows a case where the cooling operation is started when the outside temperature is 35 ° C. and the vehicle is stopped. The flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation is as follows: compressor 13 → four-way valve 14 → check valve 15 → external heat exchanger 12 → throttle valve 16 → first in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a → compressor 13; No refrigerant flows through the vessel 11a.

  In such a refrigerant flow, the temperature inside the vehicle is close to the outside air temperature and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is small. Therefore, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet 1a by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a and bypasses the heat recovery device 19. The air conditioning outlet is passed through the heat recovery device bypass passage 30 and is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant when passing through the first in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a acting as an evaporator and through the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a in which no refrigerant flows. Blow out cool wind from 2 on the windshield and driver. The blown out cold air circulates in the vehicle as the inside air, and the inside air is passed through the inside air rear discharge passage 31 and is discharged from the inside air rear outlet 23 located in the trunk room at the rear of the vehicle due to an increase in the inside pressure due to the introduction of the driving wind and outside air of the vehicle. Discharged.

  As described above, since the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet 1a at the start of the cooling operation, when there is almost no temperature difference between the passenger compartment and the outside air at the start of the operation, the heat recovery device 19 is allowed to pass. Since the outside air can be introduced directly from the outside air introduction port 1a, the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery unit 19, that is, the load on the outside air blowing means 9a can be reduced, and the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a can also be reduced.

  In particular, at the start of operation, the outside air blowing means 9a is often operated with a larger air volume than the normal operation in order to speed up the start-up, and the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery device 19 becomes larger than the normal operation in a state where the vehicle interior temperature is lowered, Since the load of the outside air blowing means 9a, that is, the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a is increased as compared with the normal operation, the power consumption can be further reduced by directly introducing outside air from the outside air introduction port 1a without passing through the heat recovery device 19. .

  Next, FIG.4 (b) shows the case where the air_conditioning | cooling operation is started and the vehicle interior temperature falls to 25 degreeC, for example. The outside air is introduced from the outside air inlet 1 by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a, cooled to the inside air having a temperature lower than that of the outside air by the heat recovery device 19, passes through the air supply air passage 3, and acts as an evaporator in the first vehicle interior heat exchange. Coolant is blown out from the air-conditioning outlet 2 to the windshield and the driver through the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a that is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant when passing through the vessel 10a and does not flow. The blown cold air is circulated in the vehicle as inside air, and is warmed to the outside air by the heat recovery device 19 in the inside air discharge path 8 from the inside air introduction port 4 by the operation of the inside air blowing means 9b, and is discharged from the inside air discharge port 7 to the outside of the vehicle. The

  In this way, the internal air having a temperature lower than the outside air is not discharged as it is, but is exchanged with the outside air by the heat recovery unit 19 and further discharged after passing through the outside heat exchanger 12, so that the first inside heat exchange is performed. The cooling load by the refrigerant in the compressor 10a is reduced, and the power consumption of the compressor 13 can be reduced.

  Moreover, even when the outside air temperature is high and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle becomes high, the inside air having a temperature lower than the outside air is blown to the outside heat exchanger 12 acting as a condenser to liquefy the refrigerant. Since it can accelerate | stimulate, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant | coolant in the 1st in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a can also be made low, and the fall of a cooling capability can be suppressed.

  Next, the heating operation will be described. FIG. 4A shows a case where the outside temperature is 0 ° C., the vehicle is stopped, and the heating operation is started. The flow of the refrigerant during the heating operation is as follows: compressor 13 → four-way valve 14 → second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a → throttle valve 18 → outside heat exchanger 12 → electromagnetic valve 16b → compressor 13; No refrigerant flows through 10a.

  In such a refrigerant flow, the temperature inside the vehicle is close to the outside air temperature and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle is small. Therefore, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet 1a by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a and bypasses the heat recovery device 19. The heat recovery device bypass passage 30 passes through the first in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a in which no refrigerant flows, and is heated by the condensation heat of the refrigerant when passing through the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a acting as a condenser. The hot air is blown from 2 to the windshield and the driver. The blown warm air circulates inside the vehicle as the inside air, and the inside air is passed through the inside air rear discharge passage 31 and the outside air outlet 23 arranged in the trunk room at the rear of the vehicle due to the increase in the inside pressure due to the introduction of the driving wind and outside air. Is discharged.

  As described above, when the heating operation is started, the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port 1a. Therefore, when there is almost no temperature difference between the passenger compartment and the outside air at the start of the operation, the heat recovery device 19 is passed. Since the outside air can be introduced directly from the outside air introduction port 1a, the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery unit 19, that is, the load on the outside air blowing means 9a can be reduced, and the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a can also be reduced.

  In particular, at the start of operation, the outside air blowing means 9a is often operated with a larger air volume than the normal operation in order to make the start-up faster, and the pressure loss due to the passage of the outside air through the heat recovery device 19 becomes larger than the normal operation in a state where the vehicle interior temperature is raised, Since the load of the outside air blowing means 9a, that is, the power consumption of the outside air blowing means 9a is increased as compared with the normal operation, the power consumption can be further reduced by directly introducing outside air from the outside air introduction port 1a without passing through the heat recovery device 19. .

  Next, FIG.4 (b) shows the case where heating operation is started and the vehicle interior temperature rises to 20 ° C., for example. The outside air is introduced from the outside air inlet 1 by the operation of the outside air blowing means 9a, cooled to the inside air having a temperature higher than the outside air by the heat recovery device 19, passes through the supply air blowing path 3, and the first in-vehicle heat exchange in which no refrigerant flows. It passes through the vessel 10a and is heated by the condensation heat of the refrigerant when passing through the second in-vehicle heat exchanger 11a acting as a condenser, and blows warm air from the air conditioning outlet 2 to the windshield and the driver. The blown warm air becomes the inside air and circulates inside the vehicle, and is cooled to the outside air by the heat recovery device 19 in the inside air discharge path 8 from the inside air introduction port 4 by the operation of the inside air blowing means 9b, and discharged from the inside air discharge port 7 to the outside of the vehicle. Is done.

  In this way, the inside air having a temperature higher than the outside air is not discharged as it is, but is exchanged with the outside air by the heat recovery unit 19 and further discharged after passing through the outside heat exchanger 12, so that the second inside heat exchanger The heating load by the refrigerant in 11a is reduced, and the power consumption of the compressor 13 can be reduced.

  Moreover, even when the outside air temperature is low and the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is also lowered, the inside air having a temperature higher than the outside air is blown to the outside heat exchanger 12 acting as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant. Since it can accelerate | stimulate, the condensing temperature of the refrigerant | coolant in the 1st in-vehicle heat exchanger 10a can also be made high, and the fall of heating capability can be suppressed.

  Next, the heating operation of FIG. 4B using the heat recovery device 19 will be continued, and the heating operation while the defrost operation is performed when freezing has occurred in the air path of the heat recovery device 19 will be described. For example, if the operation of FIG. 4B is continued at an outside air temperature of 0 ° C. and a vehicle interior temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, moisture in the vehicle interior in the inside air discharge path 8 is condensed by heat exchange with the outside air inside the heat recovery unit 19. However, freezing occurs when the operation is continued.

  In order to eliminate this freezing, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in the heat recovery unit 19, the direction of the outside air and the inside air flowing through the supply air blowing path 3 and the inside air discharge path 8 are respectively changed to the outside air switching unit 28 a and the outside air switching unit. 28b, the inside air switching unit 29a, and the inside air switching unit 29b are reversed at regular time intervals.

  In FIG. 5, the outside air switching unit 28 a connects the outside air introduction port 1 and the second opening 25, the outside air switching unit 28 b connects the air conditioning outlet 2 and the first opening 24, and the inside air switching unit 29 a is the inside air introduction port. 4 and the third opening 26 are connected, and the inside air switching part 29 b is configured to connect the inside air discharge port 7 and the fourth opening 27.

  If the operation of FIG. 4B is continued with this configuration, the moisture in the vehicle interior in the inside air discharge path 8 is condensed by heat exchange with the outside air in the vicinity of the fourth opening 27 inside the heat recovery device 19, and further operation is performed. Freezing occurs when continued. In order to eliminate this freezing (or dew condensation), the configuration shown in FIG.

  6, the outside air switching unit 28a connects the outside air inlet 1 and the first opening 24, the outside air switching unit 28b connects the air conditioning outlet 2 and the second opening 25, and the inside air switching unit 29a is the inside air inlet. 4 and the 4th opening part 27 are connected, and the inside air switch part 29b is the structure which connects the inside air discharge port 7 and the 3rd opening part 26. FIG.

  If the operation of FIG. 4B is continued with this configuration, the moisture in the vehicle interior in the inside air discharge path 8 is condensed by heat exchange with the outside air in the vicinity of the third opening 26 inside the heat recovery device 19, and further operation is performed. Freezing occurs when continued. In order to eliminate this freezing, the configuration shown in FIG.

  In this way, in the heat recovery device 19, the direction of the gas flowing through the supply air blowing path 3 and the inside air discharge path 8 is switched by the reversing means, so that dew condensation generated in the inside air discharge path 8 is caused to occur. By evaporating inward and increasing the humidity in the inside air discharge path 8, the condensed water can be discharged to the outside air while continuing the heat exchange operation.

  Further, in the heat recovery unit 19, the direction of the gas flowing through the supply air blowing path 3 and the inside air discharge path 8 is switched by the reversing means, so that the ice generated in the inside air discharge path 8 is changed into the inside air discharge path 8. By defrosting and moving in the inside air discharge path 8, the defrosting operation can be performed at the same time while continuing the heat exchange operation, and the energy-saving heating air-conditioning operation in which heat is recovered using the heat recovery device 19 during heating is continued. it can.

  In the present embodiment, it has been described that the configurations of FIGS. 5 and 6 are switched at regular time intervals. However, by using the temperature sensor 5 that detects the air temperature inside the vehicle and the temperature sensor 6 that detects the air temperature outside the vehicle, Whether the heat recovery unit 19 is condensed or frozen is appropriately switched.

  The vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention has a configuration in which outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet at the start of cooling operation or heating operation, so that there is almost no temperature difference between the vehicle interior and outside air at the start of operation. Can directly introduce outside air from the outside air inlet without passing through the heat recovery device, so that pressure loss due to passage of the outside air through the heat recovery device, that is, load on the outside air blowing means and power consumption can be reduced. Therefore, it is useful as a vehicle air conditioner.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outside air introduction port 1a Direct outside air introduction port 2 Air conditioning blower outlet 3 Supply air ventilation path 4 Inside air introduction port 5, 6 Temperature sensor 7 Inside air discharge port 8 Inside air discharge path 9a Outside air blowing means 9b Inside air blowing means 10 Cooling vehicle interior heat exchanger DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10a 1st vehicle interior heat exchanger 11 Heating vehicle interior heat exchanger 11a 2nd vehicle interior heat exchanger 12 Vehicle exterior heat exchanger 13 Compressor 14 Four-way valve 15, 17 Check valve 16, 18 Throttle valve 16a, 18a Expansion valve 16b, 18b Solenoid valve 19 Heat recovery device 21, 21a Damper 23 Inside air rear outlet 24 First opening portion 25 Second opening portion 26 Third opening portion 27 Fourth opening portion 28a, 28b Outside air switching portion 29a, 29b Inside air switching portion 30 Heat Collector bypass passage 31 Inside air rear discharge passage

Claims (5)

An air supply air passage from an outside air inlet that introduces outside air to an air conditioning outlet that blows out conditioned air into the vehicle;
An inside air discharge path from an inside air introduction port for introducing inside air to an inside air discharge port for discharging inside air to the outside of the vehicle,
An outside air blowing means for generating an air flow from the outside air inlet to the air conditioning outlet in the supply air passage;
An inside air blowing means for generating an air flow from the inside air inlet to the inside air outlet in the inside air discharge path;
An in-vehicle heat exchanger for heating the air flowing through the supply air passage;
An in-vehicle heat exchanger for cooling the air flowing through the air supply air passage;
An external heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the outside air as a condenser during cooling operation and heating;
A refrigerating cycle for circulating a refrigerant between the cooling internal heat exchanger and the external heat exchanger and a compressor;
A heat recovery unit that recovers heat by exchanging heat between the inside air flowing through the inside air discharge path and the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet;
It has a direct outside air inlet that does not pass through this heat recovery unit,
An air conditioner for a vehicle, wherein outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port at the start of cooling operation or heating operation. 2. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the outside air is directly introduced from the outside air inlet for a predetermined time during the heating operation. An air supply air passage from an outside air inlet that introduces outside air to an air conditioning outlet that blows out conditioned air into the vehicle;
An inside air discharge path from an inside air introduction port for introducing inside air to an inside air discharge port for discharging inside air to the outside of the vehicle,
An outside air blowing means for generating an air flow from the outside air inlet to the air conditioning outlet in the supply air passage;
An inside air blowing means for generating an air flow from the inside air inlet to the inside air outlet in the inside air discharge path;
A first in-vehicle heat exchanger and a second in-vehicle heat exchanger for cooling or heating the air flowing through the air supply air passage;
An external heat exchanger that exchanges heat with outside air as a condenser during cooling operation and an evaporator during heating operation;
A heat pump that circulates refrigerant between the first in-vehicle heat exchanger, the second in-vehicle heat exchanger, and the external heat exchanger and the compressor;
A heat recovery unit that recovers heat by exchanging heat between the inside air flowing through the inside air discharge path and the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet;
It has a direct outside air inlet that does not pass through this heat recovery unit,
An air conditioner for a vehicle, wherein outside air is directly introduced from the outside air introduction port at the start of cooling operation or heating operation. Reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the supply air blowing path and the inside air discharge path is provided, and during the heating operation, the direction of the gas flowing through the inside air discharge path is reversed, so that the dew condensation generated in the inside air discharge path is generated. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the vehicle air conditioner evaporates into the inside air discharge path to increase humidity in the inside air discharge path. Reversing means for reversing the direction of the gas flowing through the supply air blowing path and the inside air discharge path is provided, and during the heating operation, the direction of the gas flowing through the inside air discharge path is reversed, so that the ice generated in the inside air discharge path is The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the vehicle air conditioner melts into the inside air discharge path and moves in the inside air discharge path.

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