JP2012165615A - Power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a power supply system which is such that, in the functionality of a plurality of voltage conversion devices which supply power to loads by an electric potential which tends to fluctuate in interrelations between the supply power of a power source and the power consumption of loads, the loads which are supplied with power are automatically switched over by the electric potential and a load reswitching repeat phenomenon pursuant to fluctuations in the power consumption of loads caused by the switchover will not occur.SOLUTION: Part or the whole of a plurality of second voltage conversion devices, when, in a process of reduction in a potential value associated with the power supplied thereto, the potential value drops beyond a prescribed voltage value thereof, respectively cause a current supplied thereto to decrease to make it minute until it becomes 0 or infinitely small; or when, in a process of increase in a potential value associated with the power supplied thereto, the potential value rises beyond a prescribed voltage value thereof, they cause a current supplied thereto to change to increase from a reduced, a minute, a 0 or an infinitely small state, whereby they restrict reduction or increase in the potential value to put on the brakes or otherwise stop it at a prescribed potential.

Description

The present invention integrates the power of a plurality of external power generators and supplies this power to a plurality of external loads. The present invention relates to a power feeding system that changes a power feeding state to a load in supplying a discrete potential.
The term “external” refers to a configuration and apparatus outside the present invention.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are systems that operate loads by integrating and mutually complementing generated power such as solar power generation devices and wind power generation devices that use natural energy. In recent years, CO ₂ reduction has been advocated worldwide, and the spread of these systems is drawing attention.
Since the power supply that uses natural energy is not stable, when power from each power generator is supplied to multiple loads, the amount of power generated, the power demand of each load, and the power supply status to each load There are some that adjust the power supplied to each load according to the priority of the load, such as switching the power supply path from the power source to each load by ON / OFF control based on this information is doing.

  In order to realize these, complicated control by a computer is necessary (Patent Document 1 discloses a technique executed by a computer), and further performs the above switching (ON / OFF control). And repeated switching after switching due to the interrelationship between the power capacity of the power source and the power consumption of each of the plurality of loads (returning to the state before switching and once again switching to the state after switching) ) Occurs, and so-called fluttering of the switching operation may occur. This makes the operation of the load unstable.

JP 2010-178455 A

Paragraph “0022” of Patent Document 1 includes the following description.
“The function package 3 includes information on supply voltage types (supply voltage A, supply voltage B, supply voltage C, and supply voltage D) required by the function package 3 itself, and information on current capacity supplied to the load (hereinafter, referred to as“ function package 3 ”). The voltage / current information storage means 30 for storing these two pieces of information together is referred to as voltage / current information).

The paragraph “0023” of Patent Document 1 has the following description.
“The power supply package 2 is equipped with three types of power sources A, B and D, and is requested by the functional package 3 based on the voltage / current information received from the voltage / current information storage means 30 of the functional package 3. The power supply path selection means 20 for selecting a power supply capable of supplying the voltage current and supplying the desired voltage current to the functional package 3, and the power supply voltage (first voltage) of the power supply package 2 as the functional package Converters (conversion means) 10 and 11 for converting into supply voltage (second voltage) required by 3, and supply voltage types (supply voltage A, supply voltage B, supply voltage C, and And supply lines 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 for supplying current for each supply voltage D). "

In Patent Document 1, the voltage / current information storage unit 30 is indispensable for operating the power supply path selection unit 20, and for that purpose, it is also essential to store necessary information in the voltage / current information storage unit 30 in advance. .

In Patent Document 1, when necessary information is stored in error by the voltage / current information storage unit 30, a desired operation expected from the power supply path selection unit 20 cannot be obtained.
Further, when a bug exists in the computer software, a malfunction occurs, and a great amount of labor is also spent for debugging the software.

In view of the above-described present situation, the present invention realizes that power is supplied from a power source with limited power supply to a load based on the priority order of power demand of the load without any control.
Furthermore, when power supply to a load with a low priority is stopped, the power supply state to the load is changed in the supply of a non-discrete potential (smooth change in power supply potential). There is no so-called load operation / stop flutter (continuous repetitive operation of power supply / non-power supply to the load) accompanying fluctuations in the supply potential due to the stop / start of the power supply.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) A power supply system according to claim 1 is:
A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value decreases by passing through the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made small. , 0 or infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value rises through a predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is reduced, and the micro state , 0 or an infinitesimal state is shifted to an increase.
(2) A power supply system according to claim 2 is:
A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value reaches the vicinity of the boundary of the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made minute. , 0 or infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value approaches the boundary of the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is in a reduced state, a minute state , 0 or an infinitesimal state is shifted to an increase.
(3) A power supply system according to claim 3 is:
A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, the current supplied to the self when the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self and further approaches the predetermined voltage value. Is reduced, made fine, 0 or infinitely small, or
When the potential value related to the electric power supplied to the self rises, the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self, and further approaches the predetermined voltage value. It is characterized in that the current is shifted from a decreasing state, a minute state, 0 or an infinitesimal state to an increasing state.
(4) A power supply system according to claim 4 is:
A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made small, Make it infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is reduced, is in a minute state, 0 or It is characterized by a transition from an infinitesimal state to an increase.
(5) A power supply system according to claim 5 is:
A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value starts approaching the predetermined voltage value of the self, respectively, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made minute, 0 or infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value starts approaching the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is reduced, the minute state, It is characterized by making a transition from 0 or an infinitesimal state to an increase.
(6) A power supply system according to a sixth aspect is any one of the first to fifth aspects,
In the process of decreasing or increasing the potential value, the decrease or increase of the potential value is suppressed, and it acts to brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
(7) A power supply system according to a seventh aspect is the invention according to any one of the first to sixth aspects,
The first voltage converter performs DC-DC voltage conversion or AC-DC voltage conversion.
(8) A power supply system according to an eighth aspect is any one of the first to sixth aspects,
The second voltage converter performs DC-DC voltage conversion or DC-AC voltage conversion.

(A) The power supply system according to the present invention, in a situation where limited generated power is supplied to the load, gives priority to the load and feeds power (changes from reduced state, minute state, 0 or infinitely small state to increase). ) / Non-power-feeding (decreasing, making it small, making it 0 or infinitely small) makes it possible to distribute the generated power effectively.
(B) A power supply system according to the present invention is determined based on a load priority set in itself in a voltage converter that inputs a potential that varies in the relationship between generated power and load power and supplies power to the load. The potential value input to itself is compared with the predetermined voltage value by the predetermined voltage value (for example, when the potential value decreases by passing through the predetermined voltage value of the self), Power can be supplied to the load under control (decreasing state, minute state, transition from 0 or infinitesimal state to increasing) / non-powering (decreasing, making it minute, 0 or infinitely small). The power supply to the load can be distributed without control based on the predetermined priority order.
(C) The power supply system according to the present invention reduces / increases the input current to itself when the voltage conversion device supplies / non-powers the load under its control based on a predetermined voltage value set to itself. The input potential to the self is reduced / raised non-discretely (smoothly).
(D) With the above operation, the power supply system according to the present invention overshoots the input potential to itself (excessive potential divergence with respect to the final potential) when the voltage converter supplies / non-powers the subordinate load. I won't let you. Therefore, repetitive operations of power supply / non-power supply to the load do not occur due to power supply / non-power supply to the load.

These are typical system block diagrams which show embodiment of the power supply system by this invention.

(1) Embodiment (1-1) System Configuration PSS surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a system configuration of a power supply system PSS according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system that further includes elements outside the present invention.

The system configuration of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
CV1 surrounded by a broken line is a first converter group CV1, CV2 surrounded by a broken line is a second converter group CV2, ST surrounded by a broken line is a power storage unit ST, ORD surrounded by a broken line is a diode group ORD, BL indicates a bus line (bus line) BL.

  The power supply system PSS of the present invention includes a first converter group CV1, a second converter group CV2, and a power storage unit ST, and a diode group ORD and a bus line BL are provided as necessary. The power storage unit ST is not an essential element in the power supply system PSS of the present invention, and may be provided as necessary.

As an example, the first converter group CV1 shown in FIG. 1 includes devices D / D # 1 and D / D # 2 that are first DC voltage converters, and A / D # that is a first AC DC voltage converter. 1 and A / D # 2.
In the following description, these generic names may be referred to as each converter 1 or each device 1, or they may be individually referred to as “converter 1 or device 1”.
In the claims, all of them are collectively referred to as a first voltage converter.

As an example, the second converter group CV2 shown in FIG. 1 includes devices D / D1 and D / D2 that are second DC voltage converters, and devices D / A1 and D / D that are second DC / AC voltage converters. A2 is included.
In the following description, these generic names may be referred to as each converter 2 or each device 2, or they may be individually referred to as “converter 2 or device 2”.
In the claims, all of them are collectively referred to as a second voltage converter.

1, the left side of each converter 1 is a power input unit, the right side is a power output unit, each power input unit is an input unit 1 (not shown), and each power output unit is an output unit 1. (Not shown with reference numerals).
Similarly, the left side of each converter 2 is a power input unit, the right side is a power output unit, each power input unit is an input unit 2 (not shown with a reference), and each power output unit is an output unit 2 (shown with a reference). None).

  The diode group ORD includes, as an example, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, and a diode D4 that are rectifying elements, and ORing (parallel) connection of the converters 1 of the first converter group CV1 to the bus line BL. Therefore, the anodes of the diodes D1 to D4 are respectively connected to the output unit 1 of the converter 1, and the cathodes of the diodes D1 to D4 are connected to the bus line BL.

When any or all of the converters 1 of the first converter group CV1 includes a device having a rectifying function in the same manner as the rectifying element existing in the diode group ORD, the output unit 1 of the converter 1 Any or all of the connected diodes D1 to D4 are not necessary.

The power storage unit ST includes a charging device Ch that charges the storage battery B, the storage battery B, and a diode D5 that is a rectifying element.
The charging device Ch includes an input unit in and an output unit out. The input unit in is connected to the bus line BL.
The output part out of the charging device Ch and the anode of the diode D5 are connected to the input / output part of the storage battery B (left side of FIG. 1), and the cathode of the diode D5 is connected to the bus line BL.

A GE surrounded by a broken line is an external (non-invention) power generation device group GE that supplies power to the power supply system PSS.
Each output part (right side when looking straight at FIG. 1) of each of the power generators G1 to G4 of the power generator group GE is independently connected to the input part 1 of each converter 1, respectively.
Although not shown, any or all of the power generators (for DC power output) or another power generator (for DC power output) is provided in any or all of the input units 1 of each converter 1 (for DC power input). Can be connected in parallel. This is due to the power capacity that can be handled by the power generator and the converter 1.
When connecting in parallel, a rectifying element may need to be connected between the output unit of the power generator and the input unit 1 of the converter 1. This rectifying element has the same function as each rectifying element in the above-described diode group ORD. When a plurality of power generators are connected in parallel to converter 1 with this configuration, the output voltages of the respective power generators are preferably approximately the same.

Hereinafter, an example is shown about each power generator of power generator group GE.
G1 is a solar power generation device G1, G2 is a wind power generation device G2, G3 is a fuel cell power generation device G3, and G4 is another AC output power generation device G4 (such as a hydroelectric power generation device).
The power generation device group GE has a large proportion of power generation devices that use natural energy, and the generated power varies depending on the natural environment.

LD surrounded by a broken line is an external (non-invention) load group LD, and is supplied with power from the power supply system PSS.
As an example, the load group LD includes an AC load LA1, a DC load L11, a DC load L12, a DC load L21, a DC load L22, an AC load LA21, and an AC load LA22.
These loads LA1 to LA22 may be simply referred to as loads (individually) or loads (collectively).

  Each input part 2 of each converter 2 of the second converter group CV2 is connected to the bus line BL, and each output part 2 of each converter 2 is independent of each load (multiple or singular configuration) of the load group LD. ) Individually connected.

Hereinafter, an example of the outline of each load of the load group LD will be described.
The load LA1 is an inverter for grid interconnection, and is connected to the output unit 2 of the device D / A1 and transmits surplus power for load consumption to the grid.
The loads L11 and L12 are the most important loads, and are targets to be connected to the output unit 2 of the device D / D1 to guarantee power supply.
The loads L21 and L22 are quasi-important loads, and are targets to be connected to the output unit 2 of the device D / D2 and to continue feeding.
The loads LA21 and LA22 are targets that do not cause any trouble even when the power supply is stopped by being connected to the output unit 2 of the device D / A2.

As described above, the priority of power supply is determined in advance for each load of the load group LD.
This is because the power supplied to the power generation device group GE is largely supplied from natural energy, and the power that can be supplied fluctuates due to changes in the natural environment while the power generation energy is limited. Therefore, the priority of power distributed to each load is given according to the importance of each load.
The priority given to each load depends on the setting of each converter 2 of the second converter group CV2 that supplies power to each load. This is an item determined by the optional selection of the consumer, and can be changed after the determination.

Each converter 2 detects a bus line BL potential that fluctuates due to the mutual relationship between the total supply power and the total demand power, and suppresses the fluctuation of the potential, so that the bus line BL is connected to the input unit 2 of each converter 2. A predetermined voltage value for controlling the input current is set.

In this way, a predetermined voltage value possessed by each converter 2 is compared with the bus line BL potential at the input section 2 of each converter 2, and each converter 2 is controlled to control the current flowing into its input section 2. ing.
That is, each converter 2 detects the bus line BL potential and reduces or increases the power supplied to the load connected to its own output unit 2.

Whether or not each load is operable is determined based on the relationship between the predetermined voltage value and the bus line BL potential. As the predetermined voltage value is smaller and the bus line BL potential is higher, each converter 2 can stably supply power to the load under its control.

The storage battery B behaves as a part of the power generation device group GE at the time of discharging and as a part of the load group LD at the time of charging.
The charging device Ch corresponds to a part of the load group LD, but its own power consumption is ignored because it does not affect the essence of the operation of the system. The charging device Ch charges the storage battery B with a constant current, and stops charging when the storage battery B is fully charged.

Since the forward voltage drop of each diode of the diode group ORD and the diode D5 is not the essence of the present invention, this is ignored when discussing the potential of each part of the system.

In the example of FIG. 1, the current path from the output unit 1 of each device 1 to the input unit 2 of each device 2 is represented only by a positive potential current path, and the negative potential current path is omitted. ing. FIG. 1 shows an example of operation with a positive potential. The current path between the devices 1 and 2 is a negative potential, the output potential of each device 1, the input potential of each device 2, and the forward voltage of each diode. The polarity may be reversed and the system may be operated as a negative current path.

The power generation device group GE and the first converter group CV1 may be collectively referred to as a power generation device system or power generation system, and the load group LD and the second converter group CV2 may be collectively referred to as a load device system or load system.
The storage battery B can be a power generation system (during discharging) or a load system (during charging) in the interrelationship of its own power capacity, the total supply power of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system. In addition, there is a case that does not belong to either (charge and discharge).

When describing the operation of this system, the efficiency related to voltage conversion and the like of the first converter group CV1 and the second converter group CV2 is ignored because it does not affect the essence of the operation of this system.

(1-2) System Operation With reference to FIG. 1, the operation of the power supply system PSS according to the embodiment of the present invention and related external devices (power generation device group GE and load group LD) will be described.

(1-2-1) Outline of Operation of Power Generation System The output power of the power generation device group GE is input to the first converter group CV1 as follows.
The generated power at the output unit of the external power generation device G1 is input to the input unit 1 of the device D / D # 1,
The electric power generated at the output unit of the external power generation device G2 is input to the input unit 1 of the device A / D # 1,
The generated power at the output unit of the external power generation device G3 is input to the input unit 1 of the device D / D # 2,
The generated power at the output unit of the external power generation device G4 is input to the input unit 1 of the device A / D # 2.
However, not all of the power generators of the power generator group GE output power, and the power of any one or all of the power generators may not be output due to the natural environment and / or man-made work. In this case, power is supplied from the storage battery B of the power storage unit ST, but this is omitted in the present invention.

The devices D / D # 1 and D / D # 2 convert the input DC voltage to DC, and the devices A / D # 1 and A / D # 2 convert the input AC voltage to DC. Conversion is performed so that substantially the same DC potential is output to the bus line BL.

The power generation device group GE includes a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, and the like that use natural energy, and generated power varies depending on the natural environment.
A fuel cell power generator is included in the power generator group GE, and the generated power may be limited due to economic factors.

  The output voltage of each power generator G1, G2, G3, and G4 of the power generator group GE can be left to the characteristics of the power generator. The output voltages are Vg1, Vg2, Vg3, and Vg4, respectively. These output voltages may be different.

  Since the output unit of each power generation device of the power generation device group GE is independently connected to the input unit 1 of each device 1, the output voltage Vg1, Vg2, Vg3, Vg4 of each power generation device is used for each device. The output voltage V1, V2, V3, and V4 of each device 1 can be output by the voltage conversion function 1.

The output potential of each device 1 is controlled so that V1≈V2≈V3≈V4. Therefore, the voltages Vg1 to Vg4 do not need to be equal.

When the load system consumes the power supplied to the bus line BL, the potential of the bus line BL is lowered, so that each diode becomes conductive.
The output potential of the output unit 1 of each device 1 is transmitted to the bus line BL via the diodes D1 to D4 of the diode group ORD. That is, the output power of the output unit 1 of each device 1 is transmitted to the bus line BL.
Each device 1 is a so-called DC / DC converter or AC / DC converter, and is controlled so as to keep its output potential constant. The mutual relationship between the total supply power of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system The output potential is indefinite. That is, the bus line BL potential varies depending on the mutual relationship.
If the total power consumption of the load system exceeds the total supply power of the power generation system, the output potential of each device 1 decreases according to the degree. Even when the total power consumption of the load system is constant, the same applies when the total supply power of the power generation system is reduced. The reverse is also possible.
The fluctuation of the bus line BL potential is an event left to the natural state in the case where there is no control of the second converter group CV2 in the description of “(1-2-2) Outline of operation of load system” described later. .

(1-2-2) Outline of Load System Operation The output power of the second converter group CV2 is input to the load group LD as follows.
The potential (power) of the bus line BL is input to the input unit 2 of each device 2, and each device 2 converts the input potential and outputs power to the load under its control. Each device 2 converts the input potential. However, even if the conversion operation is performed, the potential may not be converted as a result.
The power of the device D / A1 is DC-AC converted and supplied from the output unit 2 to the load LA1.
The power of the device D / D1 is DC-DC voltage converted and supplied from the output unit 2 to the load L11 and the load L12.
The power of the device D / D2 is converted from DC to DC voltage and supplied from the output unit 2 to the load L21 and the load L22.
The power of the device D / A2 is DC-AC converted and supplied from the output unit 2 to the load LA21 and the load LA22.

When the potential relating to the power supplied from the bus line BL to each device 2 is sufficient for the predetermined voltage value of the device 2, the device 2 supplies the rated power to the load connected to itself. Supply.
(A1) Each device 2 is a so-called DC / DC converter or DC / AC converter, and is controlled so that its own output power is matched to the range of load rated power consumption, while the other bus line BL potential Vb is When the voltage decreases, the amount of current flowing into the self is decreased and made small, and is controlled to 0 or infinitely small, depending on the degree of the decrease and the variety of methods for controlling the input current to Vb. Yes.
As a result, the output power from the device 2 to the load decreases, becomes very small, 0 or infinitely small.
The above-described decrease in Vb may occur when Vb decreases in the potential range of Vbh, when Vb decreases from the potential of Vbh to the potential of Vbu, or when Vb further decreases from the potential of Vbu. . The above-described decrease in Vb also depends on the relationship with Vth described later.
(A1-2) Definition The meaning of the following terms shall be as defined below.
(A) “Vb” or “potential value”: bus line BL potential Vb (an indefinite potential, a variety of control methods of the device 2 and the correlation between the total supply power of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system Determined by.)
(B) “Vbh”: a potential that is higher than the bus line BL potential Vb that can supply a potential in the rated operating range of the device 2 (this potential is the diversity of the control method of the device 2 and the total supply power and load system of the power generation system) (In other words, the value varies depending on each device 2 and each load connected to the device 2. It is different from the level of the bus line BL potential Vb.)
(C) “Vbu”: a potential lower than the bus line BL potential Vb that can supply a potential in the rated operation range of the device 2 (this potential is a variety of control methods of the device 2 and the total supply power and load system of the power generation system) (In other words, the value varies depending on each device 2 and each load connected to the device 2. It is different from the level of the bus line BL potential Vb.)
(D) “Vth”: a predetermined voltage value of the device 2 and a threshold voltage Vth of the device 2
(E) “Iin”: input current to the device 2 (self) (f) “variety of control methods of the device 2”: This is controlled based on Vth, and the control method is Vb Is determined by determining the shape, inclination, etc. of a straight line or curve representing the change in Iin relative to the change in Vb when Iin is on the X axis and Iin is on the Y axis. As a result of this control, the change amount / change speed of Iin Therefore, the variation in Vb is rich in diversity. There is linear / non-linear control as described above.
(G) “predetermined potential”: a potential determined mainly by the variety of control methods of the device 2, and depending on the variety of control methods, the total supply power of the power generation system and the total consumption of the load system This is also due to the balance with electric power. The absolute value of the potential is a selection requirement of the consumer.
(H) “Brake”: includes all the concepts of suppressing a decrease in Vb (= potential value), braking, or stopping at a predetermined potential.
(I) The following are supplementary matters: “Vbh” and “Vbu” relate to “Vth”, but these are not uniformly determined by “Vth”.
(A2) Each device 2 reduces Iin, makes it small, 0 or infinitely small, due to the variety of control methods it has described in (A1) and (A1-2) above, Vb It has the effect of suppressing and braking the decrease in noise. That is, each device 2 stops the potential decrease when Vb is decreased by an indefinite potential.
(A3) Furthermore, when Vb is about to decrease, each device 2 reduces Iin and makes it small due to the variety of control methods it has described in (A1) and (A1-2) above, It has an action of making (zero) or infinitely small and stopping Vb at the current potential (no decrease in Vb).
(A4) In the above (A1) to (A3) in which Vb is about to decrease, a balance is established such that the total supply power of the power generation system = the total power consumption of the load system due to the diversity of control of the device 2. Thereby, suppression, braking, and stop of the potential drop of Vb are executed.
In addition, even if the total power supply of the power generation system> the total power consumption of the load system, due to the variety of control of the device 2, the device 2 decreases Iin, makes it small, 0 or infinitely small, It is also possible to suppress, lower, and stop the potential drop of Vb. The diversity of the control methods (A1) to (A4) is left to the choice of the consumer.
That is, if there is a margin in the generated power, it is not necessary to balance the total power supply of the power generation system = the total power consumption of the load system, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the potential of Vb, to execute braking, and to stop.
(B1) When Vb recovers in the upward direction, that is, when Vb increases in the range of Vbu, when Vb recovers from Vbu to Vbh, when Vb further increases from Vbh, the extent of the increase and the above-described device The current flowing into each device 2 is controlled to change from a reduced state, a minute state, 0, or an infinitesimal state to an increase according to the variety of control methods. As a result, the output power from the device 2 to the load transitions from a reduced state, a minute state, 0, or an infinitesimal state to an increase.
The above-described increase in Vb also depends on the relationship with Vth described later.
Due to the variety of control methods, various functions can be realized as described in (1-1) to (5-2) below.
(1-1) When the bus line BL potential Vb (potential value) higher than a predetermined voltage value (voltage Vth) included in the device 2 decreases and passes through the voltage Vth, the device 2 The current flowing into (the device 2) is reduced and made minute, 0 or infinitely small, and as a result, the power supply to the load connected to itself is reduced, minutely, 0 or infinitely small. In the process of fluctuation of the inflow current (Iin) to the self, the device 2 can suppress a decrease in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
When the power supply to the load is small, 0, or infinitesimal, the device 2 is in a state similar to that not connected to the bus line BL.
(1-2) On the contrary, when the potential value in the state of being lower than the voltage Vth rises, the device 2 reduces the current (Iin) flowing into the device 2 when the potential value passes through the voltage Vth and decreases. Transition from the state, 0 or infinitesimal state to increase, and as a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self changes from the reduced state, minute state, 0 or infinitesimal state to the increase. In the process of fluctuation of the inflow current (Iin) to the self, the device 2 can suppress an increase in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
(2-1) In the process of decreasing the potential value higher than the voltage Vth, when approaching the boundary of the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into itself, makes it small, 0 or infinitely small As a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self is reduced, slightly, 0, or infinitely small. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress a decrease in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
When the power supply to the load is small, 0, or infinitesimal, the device 2 is in a state similar to that not connected to the bus line BL.
(2-2) On the contrary, in the process of increasing the potential value that is lower than the voltage Vth, when approaching the vicinity of the boundary of the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into itself to a reduced state, a minute state, 0 Alternatively, the state is changed from the infinitesimal state to the increase, and as a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self is changed from the reduced state, the minute state, 0, or the infinitesimal state to the increase. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress an increase in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
(3-1) When a potential value higher than the voltage Vth approaches the voltage Vth and further asymptotically approaches the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into itself, makes it small, makes it 0 or infinitely small. As a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self is reduced, slightly, 0, or infinitely small. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress a decrease in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
When the power supply to the load is small, 0, or infinitesimal, the device 2 is in a state similar to that not connected to the bus line BL.
(3-2) On the contrary, in the process of increasing the potential value that is lower than the voltage Vth, when approaching the voltage Vth and further asymptotic to the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into itself, The transition from the minute state, 0, or infinitesimal state to the increase, and as a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self changes from the decreased state, the minute state, 0, or the infinitesimal state to the increase. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress the potential value, brake it, or stop it at a predetermined potential.
(4-1) When a potential value higher than the voltage Vth approaches the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into the device, makes it small, makes it 0 or infinitely small, and is connected to the device as a result. The power supply to the load is reduced, slightly, 0, or infinitesimal. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress a decrease in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
When the power supply to the load is small, 0, or infinitesimal, the device 2 is in a state similar to that not connected to the bus line BL.
(4-2) On the other hand, when the potential value that is lower than the voltage Vth rises, when the voltage approaches the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into itself to a reduced state, a minute state, 0, or infinitely small. As a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self is changed from the reduced state, the minute state, 0, or the infinitesimal state to the increased state. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress an increase in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
(5-1) When a potential value higher than the voltage Vth starts to approach the voltage Vth, the device 2 decreases the current flowing into the device, makes it small, makes it 0 or infinitely small, and as a result The power supply to the connected load is reduced, slightly, 0, or infinitely small. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress a decrease in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.
When the power supply to the load is small, 0, or infinitesimal, the device 2 is in a state similar to that not connected to the bus line BL.
(5-2) On the contrary, in the process of increasing the potential value in the state of being lower than the voltage Vth, when the device 2 starts to approach the voltage Vth, the device 2 reduces the current flowing into itself to the reduced state, the minute state, 0 or The state is changed from the infinitesimal state to the increase, and as a result, the power supply to the load connected to the self is changed from the reduced state, the minute state, 0, or the infinitesimal state to the increase. In the process of changing Iin, the device 2 can suppress an increase in potential value, and can brake or stop at a predetermined potential.

As an example, “predetermined voltage values” included in each device 2 are classified and set as follows. A general term for a predetermined voltage value of each device 2 is a threshold voltage Vth, and the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 is individually indicated as Vdd1, Vdd2, Vda2, and Vda1, and is shown below.
(1) Vdd1: Set to the device D / D1 that supplies power to the loads L11 and L12 which are the most important devices.
(2) Vdd2: set to the device D / D2 that supplies power to the loads L21 and L22, which are semi-critical devices.
(3) Vda2: Set to the device D / A2 that supplies power to the loads LA21 and LA22, which are devices that do not particularly hinder even if the supply of power is interrupted.
(4) Vda1: Set to the device D / A1 that supplies power to the load LA1, which is an inverter connected to the grid.

In the above example, the permutation of the threshold voltage Vth is Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vda1.

The threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 is determined according to the priority of power supply to each load in the load group LD. The smaller the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 is, the greater the durability against lowering the bus line BL potential Vb (the degree to which the power can be supplied to the load withstanding the lowering of the bus line BL potential Vb) in power feeding to the load of the device 2.

Therefore, the permutation relationship of the power feeding priority of each load of the load group LD is as follows: load L11 and load L12> load L21 and load L22> load LA21 and load LA22> load LA1.

When the bus line BL potential Vb decreases or rises, each device 2 has the above (1-1) due to the relationship between the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 set based on the power feeding priority of each load and the bus line BL potential Vb. ), (2-1), (3-1), (4-1), (5-1), (1-2), (2-2), (3-2), (4-2), The operation (5-2) is executed.
When Vb decreases, the order in which each device 2 decreases the input current of its own input unit 2 by the threshold voltage Vth to make it small, 0 or infinitely small is device D / A1 → D / A2 → D / D2 → D / D1.
Conversely, when Vb rises, the order in which each device 2 transitions the input current of its own input unit 2 from the reduced state, the minute state, 0, or the infinitesimal state to the increase by the threshold voltage Vth is the device D / D1 → D. / D2-> D / A2-> D / A1.
These are determined by Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vda1. This is also part of the customer's voluntary decisions.

(1-2-3) Bus Line BL Potential and Operation of Each Device 2 When the bus line BL potential is Vb, the maximum value of the bus line BL potential Vb is Vb2, and the minimum value is Vb1, Vb1 ≦ Vb ≦ Vb2 It is. However, Vb is a value at an arbitrary time of the bus line BL potential in the left potential range.
As an example, the relationship between each threshold voltage Vth of each device 2, the maximum value Vb2 and the minimum value Vb1 of the bus line BL potential Vb is as follows.
Vb1 <Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vda1 <Vb2 Equation 1
These are examples and are optional items of the consumer.
Vb varies within a potential range from Vb1 to Vdd1, Vdd2, Vda2, Vda1, and Vb2.

Here, the bus line BL potential Vb is a potential, and the threshold voltage Vth is a voltage. The bus line BL potential Vb uses a potential of a current path having a polarity opposite to this potential as a reference potential. The threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 is determined as any voltage value inside the device 2, but the threshold voltage Vth defines a reference of potential that can be compared with the bus line BL potential Vb, and the voltage Vth is used as the potential. Compare with the bus line BL potential Vb.
Although the threshold voltage Vth is referred to as a voltage, since the reference potential is the same as the bus line BL potential Vb, the threshold voltage Vth is also a potential.
In the claims, the predetermined voltage value (threshold voltage Vth) is handled in the same way as the potential.
The same applies to the threshold voltage Vth of the charging device Ch.
In addition, in the description of this system, the potential is described in the current path from the output unit 1 (including the power storage unit ST) of each device 1 to the input / output unit 2 of each device 2, and the output unit of each power generation device. The input unit 1 and the threshold voltage Vth of each device 1 are described as voltages.

  From the condition of “Equation 1”, in the range of the bus line BL potential Vb, the probability that the input current to the device D / D1 is decreased, made small, and made zero or infinitely small is minimum. That is, the highest priority is given to the power supply priority to the most important loads L11 and L12 to ensure power supply as much as possible.

In addition, from the condition of “Equation 1”, in the range of the bus line BL potential Vb, the probability of reducing the input current to the device D / A1 to be small and to be zero or infinitely small is minimal. . That is, the load LA1 sets the power supply priority to the lowest order from the viewpoint of selling surplus power.

These are arbitrary problems for consumers and are merely examples.

Power supply to the load group LD is performed as follows.
The power generated by the power generation device group GE is integrated into the bus line BL via each device 1, and a part or all of this power is allocated to the self by the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2. Supply power to the subordinate load.
The bus line BL potential Vb inherently fluctuates freely and naturally due to the mutual relationship between the total supply power of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system. Is suppressed, braked or stopped at a predetermined potential. By this control, power is distributed to each device 2 and power supply to the subordinate load is determined.

The total power supply of the power generation system is determined by the power generation capacity of the power generation device group GE and the power capacity of the storage battery B, and the total power consumption of the load system is determined by the power consumption of the load group LD and the charge appropriate power of the storage battery B. However, since the storage battery B does not charge and discharge at the same time, the potential relationship between the bus line BL potential Vb and the storage battery B belongs to either the power generation system or the load system, or does not belong to either.

(1-2-4) Control of Bus Line BL Potential As described above, the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 is represented by Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vda1.
In addition, in “(1-2-6) storage battery B potential and bus line BL potential” to be described later, description is given when the power supply system PSS of the present invention includes the power storage unit ST and the power storage unit ST is connected to the bus line BL. However, here, it is assumed that the power supply system PSS of the present invention does not include the power storage unit ST, includes the power storage unit ST, but the amount of charge to the storage battery B is small or the capacity of the storage battery B is small. Next, a case will be described in which direct natural energy such as solar power generation or wind power generation supplies power to each device 2 and a load under its control.
The storage battery B is properly charged (there is a time when Vb ≧ E2 is present and fully charged. E2 is the rated potential of the storage battery B), connected to the bus line BL, and related to the natural energy generated power When the bus line BL potential Vb is Vb ≦ E2, power is supplied as a constant voltage source from the storage battery B to each device 2 (excluding the device D / A1) under the condition of Vda2 <Vb ≦ E2 ≦ Vda1. 2 does not occur, the power supply state transition to each device 2 does not occur.
Even in this case, even if the bus line BL potential Vb fluctuates slightly due to charging / discharging of the storage battery B and the control of the device 2 may work due to the variety of control methods of the device 2, Vb is Vb1 From Vdd1, Vdd2, Vda2, Vda1, and Vb2 does not occur.
Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to Equation 1.
Vb1 <Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vda1 <Vb2 Equation 1
Vb varies within a potential range from Vb1 to Vdd1, Vdd2, Vda2, Vda1, and Vb2.

  Of the devices 2, the device D / D2 will be described as an example. If device D / D2 (having threshold voltage Vth = Vdd2) is connected to bus line BL and bus line BL potential Vb is Vb> Vdd2, then device D / D2 limits the current to input unit 2. The rated power can be supplied to the loads L21 and L22 without performing the above.

The above is the basic idea, but even if Vb>Vbp> Vdd2, the device D / D2 can reduce the input current to the input unit 2 to be very small, 0 or infinitely small. .
Here, Vbp is the value Vbp of Vb that has become the current potential at which the potential Vb before the decrease is reduced, and indicates a state where the potential is higher than Vdd2. In other words, even if Vb falls within a potential range higher than the threshold voltage Vdd2 of the device D / D2, the input current to the input unit 2 is reduced to be small, 0 or infinitely small. Due to the variety of control methods it has, fluctuations in Vb are suppressed, braked or stopped at a predetermined potential.

Further, even when Vbp>Vb> Vdd2 and Vbp is higher than the original potential Vb, the device D / D2 reduces the input current to the input unit 2 to make it small, 0 or infinitely small. It is possible to make it. That is, such control is possible even if the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 is not so close.
This means that the variation in Vb is suppressed, braked, or stopped at a predetermined potential due to the variety of control methods of the device 2.

On the contrary, Vb in (u) or Vbp in (v) increases from the state of Vb <Vdd2 (u) or Vb> Vbp (Vb lower than the original Vb)> Vdd2 (v). Even in this case, the device D / D2 can shift the input current to the input unit 2 from a decreasing state, a minute state, 0, or an infinitesimal state to an increasing state. At this time, the fluctuation of Vb is suppressed, braked or stopped at a predetermined potential. This can be realized by the variety of control methods of the device 2.

  The same applies to the relationship between the threshold voltage Vth and the bus line BL potential Vb of each device 2 as well as the device D / D2.

(1-2-4-1) When the Bus Line BL Potential is Reduced Hereinafter, description will be given by taking (1-1) in the outline of the operation of the above (1-2-2) load system as an example.

The above (1-1) will explain the basic control in the device 2 referring to the threshold voltage Vth. For example, the bus line BL potential Vb decreases from a state in which the bus line BL potential Vb supplies voltage and current in the rated range of the device D / D2 to the device D / D2 in the second converter group CV2. When the voltage drops through Vdd2, which is the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2, the device D / D2 reduces the current flowing into its input 2 to a very small value, or to zero or infinitely small.

When the bus line BL potential Vb drops through the threshold voltage Vdd2 set in the device D / D2, the braking of the bus line BL potential Vb is realized by a variety of control methods of the device D / D2, Vb drops past Vdd2 and stops further reduction in potential.

When the bus line BL potential Vb decreases by passing through the threshold voltage Vdd2, the current I flowing into the input part 2 of the device D / D2 is reduced so as to minimize the decrease rate of the bus line BL potential Vb. Therefore, the rate of change to 0 or infinitesimal is also controlled to the maximum.
If the amount of decrease and / or decrease of the current I flowing into the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 is small, and if the rate of change to make it 0 or infinity is large, the braking rate of the bus line BL potential Vb is also large. It becomes.

Therefore, if the current flowing from the bus line BL to the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 is rapidly decreased, slightly changed to 0, or infinitely small, the decrease in the potential of the bus line BL potential Vb is greatly braked.
In the following description, “decrease, slight, 0, or infinitesimal” is collectively referred to as “various decrease”.

In the device D / D2 (the same applies to each of the other devices 2), when the bus line BL potential Vb decreases by passing through the threshold voltage Vdd2 of the device D / D2, the device D / D2 receives an inflow current to itself. Negative feedback that works variously and brakes fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb works.
Due to the degree of the negative feedback, that is, the variety of control methods of the device 2, the bus line BL potential Vb can be reduced even if there is a difference in the separation potential between the bus line BL potential Vb and the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2. It is possible to control the level of braking (a phenomenon caused by a decrease in the amount of current flowing into each device 2 and a current decrease rate).

That is, the rapid drop of the bus line BL potential Vb is braked.
The bus line BL potential Vb is lowered, and the current flowing into the device D / D2 is variously reduced, so that the bus line BL potential Vb remains at a certain potential balanced by the negative feedback depending on the degree of the negative feedback. Of course, this is also caused by the mutual relationship between the total power supply of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system.

In the above (1-1), control is performed so that the decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb stays in the vicinity of the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2, but when the total supply power of the power generation system is insufficient, The bus line BL potential Vb further decreases.

At the time when the bus line BL potential Vb drops after passing through the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2, the value of the current input to the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 decreases variously.
The decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb is determined by the variety of control methods of the device 2 and the mutual relationship between the total power supply of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system, and the degree of decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb is indefinite. .

When the current value is very small, 0, or infinitely small, the device D / D2 is not substantially connected to the bus line BL. That is, the device D / D2 is equivalent to a device that does not exist.
In such a situation, even if the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 is physically disconnected from the bus line BL, the bus line BL potential Vb does not vary due to this.
That is, the bus line BL potential Vb does not rise again by disconnecting the load system or stopping the power supply to the load.
In actual operation, it is also necessary to physically disconnect the device D / D2 from the bus line BL without stopping the power supply to the bus line BL.

Next, when the device D / D2 and the device D / D1 are connected to the bus line BL, when the bus line BL potential Vb passes the threshold voltage Vdd2 of the device D / D2 and further decreases, Vdd1 <Vdd2 Therefore, the threshold voltage Vth (= Vdd1) set in the device D / D1 becomes dominant in the operation to maintain the lower limit value of the bus line BL potential Vb.
Further, when the bus line BL potential Vb is lowered, the one having the lower threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 becomes dominant.

  “Dominant” means, for example, that even if there is a braking action due to the variety of control methods of the device D / D2, this braking force cannot stop the decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb, and Vb is lower than Vdd2. If the voltage drops further, the bus line BL potential Vb remains within the range of Vdd1≈Vb <Vdd2 or at least the rated input potential range of the device D / D1 due to the diversity of control methods of the device D / D1. This means that (Vb> Vdd1) is maintained. Alternatively, even if the device cannot stay within the rated input potential range of the device D / D1, the device D / D0 in the second converter group CV2 that supplies power to a higher priority load (not shown; Vdd0 <Vdd1). ) Also means that Vb remains at about Vb≈Vdd0 due to the diversity of control methods. These are examples and are not bound to this example. Vdd0 is the threshold voltage Vth of device D / D0.

As described above, each device 2 reduces the input current to the input unit 2 variously when the input potential to the input unit 2 decreases after passing through the threshold voltage Vth, and accordingly the output of the device 2 itself. Negative feedback is used to reduce the power in various ways and brake the decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb.
In other words, the operation is performed to brake the decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb and hold the bus line BL potential Vb in the vicinity of the potential lower than its own threshold voltage Vth. At this time, the device 2 operates or does not operate at a potential lower than the rated potential range.

In this example, the device D / D1, the device D / D2, and the device D / D0 (not shown) are connected to the bus line BL, but due to the diversity of the control methods of the devices 2 as described above. Even if the power supply to the device D / D2 is cut off, there is no re-elevation of the bus line BL potential due to the release of the load load of the bus line BL power (power supply to the load by the device D / D2).
That is, the bus line BL potential Vb does not rise again, and power supply to the device D / D2 is not resumed.

  In this process, the bus line BL potential Vb rises above the threshold voltage Vth (= Vdd2) set in the device D / D2 in the process leading to various reductions in the supply current to the device D / D2. The device D / D1 and the device D / D0 input the power supplied to the power generation system to supply power to the loads L11 and L12 and the load L0 (which may be less than the rated input range). Because it is. That is, Vb remains at a certain potential and cannot be increased.

  In this case, the bus line BL potential Vb> Vdd1, and the device D / D1 supplies the rated power to the loads L11 and L12.

Now, the examples of the device D / D1 and the device D / D2 have been described, but all the devices 2 operate in the same manner in accordance with the rules of “Equation 1”. In this way, the power supply to the device 2 is diversified in order of priority and the power supply to the load that has been supplied with power from the device 2 is diversified.

In the above description, an example in which the bus line BL potential Vb is reduced has been described. However, fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb are caused by fluctuations in the total supply power of the power generation system and / or fluctuations in the total power consumption of the load system. Occurs as a phenomenon of decrease or increase.
Accordingly, when the total power consumption of the load system becomes larger than the total power supply of the power generation system, the bus line BL potential Vb decreases, but conversely, the total power supply of the power generation system is different from the total power consumption of the load system (various supply currents). (Including the reduced load system.) When it becomes larger, the bus line BL potential Vb rises.

(1-2-4-2) Case where Bus Line BL Potential Increases The following description will be made by taking (1-2) in the outline of the operation of the above (1-2-2) load system as an example.

The above (1-2) will explain the basic control in the control with reference to the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2. For example, when the bus line BL potential Vb is not supplied to the device D / D2 in the second converter group CV2 within the rated range of voltage and current of the device D / D2, Vb is lowered. When the line BL potential Vb rises and rises through Vdd2, which is the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2, the device D / D2 reduces the current flowing into its input 2 and makes it minute. The state is shifted from 0 or infinitely small to increase.

When the bus line BL potential Vb rises past the threshold voltage Vdd2 set in the device D / D2, the braking of the bus line BL potential Vb is realized by the variety of control methods of the device D / D2, Vb rises past Vdd2 and stops further increase in potential.

When the bus line BL potential Vb rises past the threshold voltage Vdd2, the current I flowing into the input part 2 of the device D / D2 is reduced so that the rate of increase of the bus line BL potential Vb is minimized. Therefore, the rate of change of transition from increasing to 0 or infinitely small is also controlled to the maximum.
If the rate of increase and / or decrease of the current I flowing into the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 is reduced, made small, and made zero or infinitely small, and the rate of change to increase is large, the bus line The braking rate of the BL potential Vb is also increased.

Therefore, when the current flowing from the bus line BL to the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 is reduced, made small, and made to 0 or infinitely small, when the transition is made rapidly, the bus line BL potential Vb The increase in potential is greatly damped.
In the following description, “decrease, slight, increase from 0 or infinitely small” is collectively referred to simply as “various increase”.

In the device D / D2 (the same applies to the other devices 2), when the bus line BL potential Vb rises through the threshold voltage Vdd2 of the device D / D2, the device D / D2 receives an inflow current to itself. Negative feedback that works variously and brakes fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb works.
Due to the degree of the negative feedback, that is, the variety of control methods of the device 2, the bus line BL potential Vb can be reduced even if there is a difference in the separation potential between the bus line BL potential Vb and the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2. It is possible to control the strength of braking (a phenomenon caused by the magnitude of the increase in the amount of current flowing into each device 2 and the magnitude of the current increase rate).

That is, the rapid rise of the bus line BL potential Vb is braked.
The bus line BL potential Vb rises, and the current flowing into the device D / D2 increases in various ways. The bus line BL potential Vb remains at a certain potential balanced by the negative feedback depending on the degree of the negative feedback. Of course, this is also caused by the mutual relationship between the total power supply of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system.

In the above (1-2), the rise of the bus line BL potential Vb exceeds the vicinity where the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 is passed, and the supply potential and current value to the device D / D2 are the rated values of the device D / D2. Although it is controlled so as to satisfy the range, when the total power supply of the power generation system is sufficiently large, the bus line BL potential Vb further increases.

When the bus line BL potential Vb rises after passing the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2, the current value input to the input unit 2 of the device D / D2 increases variously.
The decrease in the bus line BL potential Vb is determined by the variety of control methods of the device 2 and the mutual relationship between the total power supply of the power generation system and the total power consumption of the load system, and the degree of increase in the bus line BL potential Vb is indefinite. .

Next, when the device D / D2 and the device D / A2 are connected to the bus line BL, when the bus line BL potential Vb passes the threshold voltage Vdd2 of the device D / D2 and further rises, Vdd2 <Vda2 Therefore, the threshold voltage Vth (= Vda2) set in the device D / A2 becomes dominant in the operation so as to maintain the upper limit value of the bus line BL potential Vb.
Further, when the bus line BL potential Vb rises, the higher threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 becomes dominant.

  “Dominant” means, for example, that the braking force cannot stop the rise of the bus line BL potential Vb even if there is a braking action due to the variety of control methods of the device D / D2, and Vb exceeds Vdd2. In other words, the bus line BL potential Vb is kept in the range of Vda2≈Vb> Vdd2, or at least the rated input potential range of the device D / A2 due to the diversity of control methods of the device D / A2. This means that (Vda1> Vb> Vda2). Alternatively, the device D / A1 (Vda1> Vda2) in the second converter group CV2 that supplies power to a load having a lower priority even if the device cannot stay within the rated input potential range of the device D / A2 It also means that Vb stays on the order of Vb≈Vda1 due to the diversity of control methods. These are examples and are not bound to this example.

In this way, each device 2 increases the input current to the input unit 2 variously when the input potential to the input unit 2 rises through the threshold voltage Vth, and accordingly the output of the device 2 is increased. Negative feedback is used to increase the power in various ways and to brake the rise of the bus line BL potential Vb.
In other words, it operates to brake the rise of the bus line BL potential Vb and maintain the bus line BL potential Vb in the vicinity of the potential exceeding its own threshold voltage Vth. At this time, the device 2 operates at a potential in the range of the rated potential.

In this example, the device D / D2, the device D / A2, and the device D / A1 are connected to the bus line BL. However, due to the diversity of the control methods of the devices 2 as described above, the device D / Even if power is supplied to D2, there is no re-lowering of the bus line BL potential due to the load burden of the bus line BL power (power supply to the load by the device D / D2).
That is, the bus line BL potential Vb does not decrease again, and the power supply to the device D / D2 is not stopped.

  This phenomenon occurs when the bus line BL potential Vb drops below the threshold voltage Vth (= Vdd2) set in the device D / D2 in the process leading to various increases in the supply current to the device D / D2. This is because the devices D / A2 and D / A1 reduce power supply to the loads LA21 and LA22 and the load LA1 variously to an extent that does not reach. That is, Vb remains at a certain potential and cannot be lowered.

  In this case, the bus line BL potential Vb> Vdd2 and the device D / D2 supplies the rated power to the loads L21 and L22.

Now, the examples of the device D / D1 and the device D / D2 have been described, but all the devices 2 operate in the same manner in accordance with the rules of “Equation 1”. In this way, the power supply to the device 2 increases in order of priority, and the power supply to the load receiving power from the device 2 increases in various ways.

In the above description, an example in which the bus line BL potential Vb has increased has been described. However, fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb are caused by fluctuations in the total supply power of the power generation system and / or fluctuations in the total power consumption of the load system. Occurs as a phenomenon of decrease or increase.
Accordingly, when the total power consumption of the load system becomes larger than the total power supply of the power generation system, the bus line BL potential Vb decreases, but conversely, the total power supply of the power generation system is different from the total power consumption of the load system (various supply currents). (Including the reduced load system.) When it becomes larger, the bus line BL potential Vb rises.

(1-2-4-3) Summary of Bus Line BL Potential Fluctuation As described above, the negative feedback operation of the device 2 is performed both when the bus line BL potential Vb decreases and when the bus line BL potential Vb increases. Symmetric.
That is, when the bus line BL potential Vb drops / rises after passing through the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2, the device 2 keeps the bus line BL potential Vb constant, so that the inflow current to the device is variously reduced / various. To increase.

The above has mainly described (1-1) and (1-2) in the outline of the operation of the (1-2-2) load system, but the other (2-1) to (5-2) Is a variation of the variety of control methods, and describes the selection of the consumer from which potential the bus line BL potential Vb is to be braked, and is described below. The effect of braking the “discrete fluctuation of the bus line BL potential Vb accompanying power supply / non-power supply to the load” using the prior art is the same.
(2-1) is in the process of decreasing the bus line BL potential Vb, and approaches the boundary of the threshold voltage Vth that the device 2 has, so the voltage Vth is compared with the potential Vb. Therefore, it can be said that the boundary of the voltage Vth is a potential boundary line that divides the potential from above and below. That is, the vicinity of the boundary includes the top and bottom of the boundary line. Since the potential Vb is approaching here, the potential Vb means both the upper and lower sides of the potential generated from the voltage Vth.
Note that the bus line BL potential Vb drops from a potential that is somewhat higher than the threshold voltage Vth.
The same applies to (2-2), but the difference is that in (2-1), the bus line BL potential Vb drops from a potential somewhat higher than this, not from the vicinity of the boundary of the potential generated from the threshold voltage Vth. In contrast to the event, (2-2) is an event that rises not from the vicinity of the boundary of the potential generated from the voltage Vth but from a potential that is somewhat lower than this, and reaches the vicinity of the boundary of the voltage Vth.
(3-1) indicates that the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 approaches the voltage Vth (predetermined voltage value) in the process of decreasing the bus line BL potential Vb. Compare with Vb. Therefore, asymptotically approaching the voltage Vth means that the potential approaches as much as possible but does not contact.
Note that the bus line BL potential Vb drops from a potential that is somewhat higher than the threshold voltage Vth.
The same applies to (3-2) except that the difference in (3-1) is not from the state in which the bus line BL potential Vb is infinitely close to the potential generated from the threshold voltage Vth, but to some extent. In response to an event that decreases from a high potential, in (3-2), the voltage rises from a potential lower than this to some extent rather than from a state that is close to the potential generated from the voltage Vth. This event is asymptotic to the voltage Vth.
(4-1) compares the voltage Vth with the potential Vb when the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 approaches in the process of decreasing the bus line BL potential Vb. Therefore, when the voltage Vth approaches, it simply means approaching this potential. That is, Vb is in a range not in contact with Vth, and does not matter how close it is.
Note that the bus line BL potential Vb decreases from a somewhat higher potential apart from a state in which the bus line BL potential Vb is close to the threshold voltage Vth.
The same applies to (4-2), but the difference is that in (4-1) the bus line BL potential Vb drops from a separated high potential state that is not close to the potential generated from the threshold voltage Vth. On the other hand, in (4-2), it is an event when rising and approaching from a separated low potential state not approaching the potential generated from the voltage Vth.
(5-1) compares the threshold voltage Vb with the potential Vb using the voltage Vth as a potential when the threshold voltage Vth approach of the device 2 is started in the process of decreasing the bus line BL potential Vb. Therefore, starting the approach of the voltage Vth means simply starting the approach to this potential. That is, Vb does not have any degree of approaching Vth, and means an initial stage where Vb is about to decrease. Therefore, even if Vb is about to fall, it includes a case where it is not lowered due to braking by the fall of Vb due to strong negative feedback.
Note that the bus line BL potential Vb decreases from a somewhat higher potential apart from a state in which the bus line BL potential Vb is close to the threshold voltage Vth.
The same applies to (5-2), but the difference is that in (5-1) the bus line BL potential Vb tends to drop from a separated high potential state that is not close to the potential generated from the threshold voltage Vth. On the other hand, in (5-2), it is an event that attempts to rise from a separated low potential state not approaching the potential generated from the voltage Vth.
In the above (4-1), (4-2), (5-1) and (5-2), the bus line BL potential Vb is separated from the threshold voltage Vth of a certain device 2 to some extent. There is also an event that is influenced by the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2. That is, under the influence of the threshold voltage Vth of the plurality of devices 2, the corresponding device 2 reduces the current input to itself, makes it small, 0 or infinitely small, and brakes fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb. .
In such a process, in (1-1) to (5-2), in the process of decreasing Vb, the device 2 decreases the current supplied to itself, makes it small, 0 or infinitely small, Alternatively, in the process in which Vb rises, the device 2 changes the current supplied to itself from a reduced state, a minute state, 0, or an infinitesimal state to an increase, and brakes fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb.

The present invention is a variety of control methods by the threshold voltage Vth that the device 2 has, the device 2 reduces its own current, makes it small, makes it 0 or infinitely small, or
The self current is shifted from a reduced state, a minute state, 0, or an infinitesimal state to an increase, thereby suppressing fluctuations in the bus line BL potential Vb, braking, or stopping at a predetermined potential.
The diversification of the control method using the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 is the shape of a straight line or a curve representing the change in Iin relative to the change in Vb when Vb is taken on the X axis and Iin is taken on the Y axis. When the pure resistance element is interposed in series in this negative feedback circuit, the slope of the straight line is determined by the magnitude of the resistance value of the resistance element. When the parallel connection circuit of the resistor elements is interposed in series, the curve control has a fast rise, and when the capacitor element is interposed in parallel to the ground, the curve control characteristic has a gentle rise, and the capacitor element is replaced with an inductive element. Conversely, the impedance of the capacitive element and the inductive element is changed, the resistance value of the pure resistance element is changed, and the polygonal curve uses various characteristics such as diodes for various controls. And ability. As a result of this control, variations in Vb can be braked in various ways according to the change amount / change speed of Iin.

Therefore, when the bus line BL potential Vb rises above the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2, it briefly exceeds the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2 and the device D / A2 and temporarily reaches the device D / A2. The power feeding operation is performed, the load is rebounded by the load, and the device D / A2 is not brought into the non-power feeding state again.
Of course, if the total power supply of the power generation system has changed to a sufficient state at this time, the device D / A2 continues the power feeding operation as it is with the bus line BL potential Vb being at a certain value.

Further, when the bus line BL potential Vb is decreased, the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2 is decreased and the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D2 and the device D / D1 is interrupted briefly, and temporarily to the device D / D1. The device D / D1 is not brought into the power supply state again by causing the device D / D1 to rebound by releasing the load.
Of course, if the total supply power of the power generation system has transitioned to an insufficient state at this time, the device D / D1 continues the power supply stopping operation as it is with the bus line BL potential Vb at a certain value.

As described above, the bus line BL potential Vb is controlled by each device 2 so that a discrete potential change is not performed. For this reason, when the conventional technique is used, continuous repetitive operation of power supply / non-power supply to the load, that is, so-called fluttering of load power supply / non-power supply does not occur.

In the digital switching of the “power-load” network by the computer control in the prior art, power supply to a part of the load system in the power supply state is stopped, and the load is repowered by rebound caused by this, or is not The operation of the load system due to the discrete fluctuation of the bus line BL potential Vb, in which power supply to a part of the load system in the power supply state is started and the load is re-de-energized due to rebound caused by this. Battering of so-called load system operation in which non-operation continuous repetitive operation occurs is inevitable.

(1-2-5) Hot line insertion / extraction of a load system Since a load system or hot insertion / extraction of a load can cause a sudden increase / decrease in current from the bus line BL, normally the bus line BL potential It is a factor that fluctuates greatly.
Even in this case, as described above, the bus line BL potential Vb varies smoothly and continuously.
Vb1 <Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vda1 <Vb2 Equation 1
Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to Equation 1.

(1-2-5-1) In the insertion type 1, when the device D / D2 and the device D / A2 supply the rated power to the subordinate load in the state of Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vb, the device D / D1 (Loads L11 and L12 are connected) are connected to the bus line BL.
Although the bus line BL potential Vb decreases, the state changes to one of (1) Vda2 <Vb, (2) Vda2≈Vb, and (3) Vda2> Vb.
Of course, Vdd2> Vb may be omitted.
These depend on the difference of the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 and the magnitude of fluctuation of the bus line BL potential Vb.

In the case of (1), switching of the existing device 2 does not occur.
In the case of (2), when the bus line BL potential Vb approaches the boundary of the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / A2, the drop in the potential Vb is braked when it gradually approaches Vth. This is because, as described above, the device D / A2 diversifies the input current to itself.

In the case of (3), the decrease in the potential Vb can be braked. However, when Vb decreases by passing through the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / A2, Vda2> Vb.
In this way, the bus line BL potential Vb continuously changes and transitions to the originally settled potential. A potential rebound is not generated as the potential of the state in which the bus line BL potential Vb has transitioned is excessively lowered and lower than the potential Vb.

(1-2-5-2) Extraction Next, in the state of Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vb <Vda2, the device D / A2 is not supplied with power, and the devices D / D1 and D / D2 supply the rated power to the subordinate load. Assume that the device D / D1 (the loads L11 and L12 are connected) is disconnected from the bus line BL.
The bus line BL potential Vb rises, but transitions to any one of (4) Vda2> Vb, (5) Vda2≈Vb, and (6) Vda2 <Vb.
Of course, Vda1 <Vb may be omitted.
These depend on the difference of the threshold voltage Vth of each device 2 and the magnitude of fluctuation of the bus line BL potential Vb.

In the case of (4), the switching of the existing apparatus 2 does not occur.
In the case of (5), when the bus line BL potential Vb rises through the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / A2, the potential rise is braked. This is because, as described above, the device D / A2 increases the input current to itself variously.

In the case of (6), the increase in the potential Vb can be braked. However, when Vb increases through the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / A2, the increase in the potential can be braked, but Vda2 <Vb.
In this way, the bus line BL potential Vb continuously changes and transitions to the originally settled potential. The potential rebound is not generated as the potential in the state where the bus line BL potential Vb has transitioned is excessively increased.

That is, since the bus line BL potential Vb does not vary discretely, there is no so-called load system operation flutter, in which continuous repetition of operation / non-operation of the load system does not occur.

(1-2-6) Storage Battery B Potential and Bus Line BL Potential Hereinafter, a case where the power storage unit ST is provided in the power supply system PSS of the present invention will be described.
When the storage battery B is appropriately charged, if the arbitrary value of the storage battery B potential is E, E takes a potential range of E1 ≦ E ≦ E2. This potential E is a state in which the storage battery B is connected to the bus line BL.
The potential E1 is the lowest potential at which the storage battery B can be discharged, and the potential E2 is the rated potential of the storage battery B. The potential E1 is a part of matters that can be arbitrarily determined by the consumer, depending on the performance and standards of the storage battery B.

Here, for convenience of explanation, the bus line BL potential Vb and the storage battery B potential E are divided as follows. Vb1 = E1 is a case where the bus line BL potential Vb generated by the power generation output of the power generation device group GE is the same potential as the lowest potential E1 of the storage battery B potential E.
Vb1 = E1 <E1 + α <E2 <E2 + β <Vb2 Equation 2
α and β are defined as the following operation setting reference potentials, and α, β <E1, E2.
The threshold voltage Vth of the charging device Ch is set to Vc, and Vc> E1 + α is set. The threshold voltage Vth (= Vda1) of the device D / A1 related to power transmission to the system is set as Vda1 ≧ E2 + β.
Since the charging device Ch is charged at a constant current, Vc is different from the function caused by the threshold voltage Vth of the device 2 and is simply a reference voltage for charging when Vc> E1 + α.

(Α) Vb> E1 + α: one condition in which the charging device Ch can charge the storage battery B (β) Vb> E2 + β: a condition in which the load LA1 can transmit power to the system

(A) Conditions under which storage battery B is charged
The relationship between the potential E of the storage battery B and the potential Vb of the bus line BL is E1 + α <Vb, and
When E ≦ E2.
(B) Condition where battery B is discharged When the relationship between the potential E of the storage battery B and the potential Vb of the bus line BL is E ≧ Vb.
(C) The condition that the storage battery B is not charged / discharged When the storage battery B is fully charged, the charging device Ch stops charging, and Vb> E and discharge is impossible.

The power storage unit ST is provided in the power supply system PSS of the present invention, and Equation 1 is transformed into the following equation at the lowest potential E1 of the storage battery B.
In the following equation (modification of Equation 1), the threshold voltage Vth of the device D / D1, the device D / D2, and the device D / A1 is set to be lower than the minimum potential E1 of the storage battery B. This is an event in which, when the potential supplied to the bus line BL by the natural energy generated power is less than the lowest potential E1 of the storage battery B, power is supplied to each device 2 (excluding the device D / A1) by this potential E1.
Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vb1 = E1 <Vda1 <Vb2...
When these (α), (β), a variation of Equation 1 and Equation 2 are combined, Equation 3 can be considered.
Vdd1 <Vdd2 <Vda2 <Vb1 = E1 <E1 + α <E2 <E2 + β ≦ Vda1 <Vb2 Equation 3 Equation 3 is also an optional item of the consumer.
Equation 3 is an example of a potential that collectively represents the operation of the power supply system of the present invention.
By this potential, power supply to the load group LD / power supply stop and charge / discharge of the storage battery B are controlled.

Although E1 is the lowest potential of the storage battery B, when the storage battery B is discharged at this potential E1 and power is supplied to each device 2 (excluding the device D / A1), the potential E of the storage battery B eventually decreases to the discharge end potential E0. However, in the state of E0 = Vb1 <Vdd1 <E1, the current to each device 2 decreases, slightly becomes 0 or infinitely small, and power supply to each load becomes difficult or impossible.
Until this state is reached, power is not supplied in the order of Vda2->Vdd2-> Vdd1.
However, the discharge end potential E0 (potential at which discharge is artificially stopped) is a value recommended by the storage battery manufacturer, but also depends on the discretion of the consumer.
This is a case where an event in which the bus line BL potential Vb related to the natural energy generated power is less than E1 and E0 continues.

CV1 First converter group CV2 Second converter group ST Power storage unit ORD Diode groups D1 to D5 Rectifier element BL Bus line (bus line)
D / D # 1, D / D # 2 First DC voltage converter A / D # 1, A / D # 2 First AC DC voltage converter D / D1, D / D2 Second DC voltage converter D / A1, D / A2 Second DC / AC voltage conversion device B Storage battery Ch Charging device G1-G4 Power generation device LD Load group LA1-LA22 Load L11-L22 Load

JP 2010-178455 A

Claims (8)

A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value decreases by passing through the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made small. , 0 or infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value rises through a predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is reduced, and the micro state , 0 or an infinitesimal state to make a transition from increasing to increasing. A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value reaches the vicinity of the boundary of the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made minute. , 0 or infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value approaches the boundary of the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is in a reduced state, a minute state , 0 or an infinitesimal state to make a transition from increasing to increasing. A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, the current supplied to the self when the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self and further approaches the predetermined voltage value. Is reduced, made fine, 0 or infinitely small, or
When the potential value related to the electric power supplied to the self rises, the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self, and further approaches the predetermined voltage value. A power supply system characterized by causing a current to transition from a reduced state, a minute state, 0, or an infinitesimal state to an increase. A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made small, Make it infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value approaches the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is reduced, is in a minute state, 0 or A power supply system characterized by transitioning from an infinitesimal state to an increase. A first voltage converter configured to be supplied with power from an external power generator;
Comprising a plurality of second voltage converters configured to supply power to an external load;
The plurality of second voltage conversion devices are configured to be supplied with power from the first voltage conversion device,
Each of some or all of the plurality of second voltage converters is
In the process of decreasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value starts approaching the predetermined voltage value of the self, respectively, the current supplied to the self is decreased and made minute, 0 or infinitely small, or
In the process of increasing the potential value related to the power supplied to the self, when the potential value starts approaching the predetermined voltage value of the self, the current supplied to the self is reduced, the minute state, A power supply system that makes a transition from 0 or an infinitesimal state to an increase. 6. In the process in which the potential value decreases or increases, the potential value decreases or increases, and acts to brake or stop at a predetermined potential. The power supply system described. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first voltage converter performs DC-DC voltage conversion or AC-DC voltage conversion. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the second voltage conversion device performs DC-DC voltage conversion or DC-AC voltage conversion.

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