JP2012164224A - Information processing apparatus and information processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an information processing apparatus and an information processing system that extract a biological material interacting with some biological material.SOLUTION: The information processing apparatus includes: means of receiving identification information on a plurality of biological materials and information on interaction between the plurality of biological materials; means of receiving identification information on one or more designated seed materials among pieces of the plurality of biological materials; means of performing active propagation processing on the basis of the identification information on the seed materials and the information on interaction between the plurality of biological materials, and determining active value (at time (t)) of the plurality of biological materials; and means of specifying identification information on a biological material having an active value equal to or larger than a threshold among the active values of the plurality of biological materials determined by the means of determining.

Description

  The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus and an information processing system.

  In the living body, there are substances (biological substances) such as proteins, genes, carbohydrates, and lipids. These biological substances function in vivo as enzymes, antibodies, cytokines, physiologically active substances, signal messengers, and the like.

  In a living body, the function of one biological material is modified by the action from another biological material. For example, the function of one protein is modified by action from another protein, and the expression of one gene is regulated by action from another gene.

  In recent years, researches have been actively conducted to elucidate the trends of biological substances related to diseases and the effects of drugs on living bodies. One of the purposes of such research is to estimate the influence of the biological material of interest on the disease or drug by analyzing the interaction of the biological material of interest with the biological material related to the biological material. is there. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 refers to the ability to identify genes that can potentially function as drug discovery targets or diagnostic biomarkers in various human cancer networks.

Shiraishi, Tetsuya AND Matsuyama, Shinako AND Kitano, Hiroaki, Large-Scale Analysis of Network Bistability for Human Cancers, PLoS Comput Biol, DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pcbi.1000851, Vol: 6, No.7, pages e1000851, July, 2010

  The present invention provides an information processing apparatus and an information processing system for extracting a biological material having an interaction with a certain biological material.

1. An information processing device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes:
Means for receiving identification information of a plurality of biological materials and information on an interaction between the plurality of biological materials;
Means for receiving identification information of one or more specified species among the identification information of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for performing an activity propagation process based on identification information of the seed substance and information on an interaction between the plurality of biological substances, and determining an activity value (at time t) of the plurality of biological substances;
Means for identifying identification information of a biological material having an activity value greater than or equal to a threshold value among the activity values of the plurality of biological materials determined by the determining means;
It is characterized by including.

2. The information processing apparatus may be any one of (1) to (4).
(1) The information processing apparatus
The means for determining is a first determining means;
The identification information of the biological material specified by the specifying means and the information on the interaction between the biological materials are set as a first type document-related data group,
The active propagation process is executed based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the first species document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the first species document related data group is constructed. Second determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of each biological material to be
Means for creating a second seed document related data group by deleting identification information of the seed document and information on interaction between biological materials related to the seed document from the first seed document related data group When,
Based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the second seed document related data group and information on the interaction between the biological materials, the activity propagation process is executed to configure the second seed document related data group Third determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of each biological material to be
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the second determining means and the activity value obtained by the third determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
Further included.

(2) The information processing apparatus
The means for determining is a first determining means;
The identification information of the biological material specified by the specifying means and the information on the interaction between the biological materials are set as a first type document-related data group,
The active propagation process is executed based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the first species document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the first species document related data group is constructed. Second determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of each biological material to be
The first seed document related data group is configured by weighting the identification information of the seed document and the information on the interaction between the biological materials related to the seed document in the first seed document related data group. Activity propagation processing is executed based on the identification information of the biological material and the interaction information between the biological materials, and the activity values (at time t) of the biological materials constituting the first type document related data group A third determining means for determining
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the second determining means and the activity value obtained by the third determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
Further included.

(3) The information processing apparatus
The means for determining is a first determining means;
Means for deleting the identification information of the seed document from the identification information of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for deleting the interaction information of the seed document from the interaction information of the plurality of biological materials;
Based on the information on the plurality of biological materials from which the seed document has been deleted and the information on the interactions between the biological materials from which the information on the interaction of the seed documents has been deleted, Second determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of the biological material;
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the first determining means and the activity value obtained by the second determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
Further included.

(4) The information processing apparatus
The means for determining is a first determining means;
After weighting the identification information of the seed document, the activity propagation process is executed based on the identification information of the biological material and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the activity value (time t A second determining means for determining
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the first determining means and the activity value obtained by the second determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
Further included.

3. An information processing system according to another aspect of the present invention includes:
Means for storing identification information of a plurality of biological materials, and information of an interaction between the plurality of biological materials;
Means for receiving identification information of one or more specified species among the identification information of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for executing an activity propagation process based on the identification information of the seed material and information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials, and determining the activity values (at time t) of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for identifying identification information of a biological material having an activity value greater than or equal to a threshold value among the activity values of the plurality of biological materials determined by the determining means;
including.

  According to the information processing apparatus 1 described above, information on interaction with a biological material having a relationship with a seed material can be obtained.

  According to the information processing apparatus of (2) above, it is possible to predict the effect of the seed substance on other biological substances.

  According to the information processing apparatus of (2) above, it is possible to predict the effect of the seed substance on other biological substances.

  According to the information processing apparatus of (2) above, it is possible to predict the effect of the seed substance on a plurality of biological substances other than the seed substance.

  According to the information processing apparatus of (2) above, it is possible to predict the effect of the seed substance on a plurality of biological substances other than the seed substance.

  According to the information processing system of 3 above, information on the interaction with the biological material having a relationship with the seed material can be obtained.

It is a functional block diagram of the information processor concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a biological material network. It is a figure which shows the node specified by the biological material identification information specific | specification part. It is a flowchart of the information processing by the information processing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the table containing the information of the some biological material which has an active value more than a threshold value, and the information of the interaction between the said some biological material. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an active propagation process result table, (B) is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of an active propagation process result. It is a functional block diagram of the information processing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the biological material network which comprises the 1st seed document related data group. It is a figure which shows the node specified by the 3rd activity value determination part. It is a flowchart of the information processing by the information processing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the table containing the information of the some biological material which comprises the 1st seed document related data group, and the information of the interaction between several biological materials. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an active propagation process result table, (B) is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of an active propagation process result. It is a figure which shows an example of the table containing the information of the some biological material which comprises a 2nd seed document related data group, and the information of the interaction between several biological materials. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an active propagation process result table, (B) is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of an active propagation process result. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an active value comparison process result table, (B) is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of an active value comparison process result. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an active propagation process result table, (B) is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of an active propagation process result. It is a flowchart of the information processing by the information processing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the biological material network which comprises the 1st seed document related data group. It is a figure which shows the node produced by the 2nd active value determination part. It is a figure which shows an example of the table containing the information of the some biological material stored in a memory | storage part, and the information of the interaction between several biological materials. It is a flowchart of the information processing by the information processing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an information processing apparatus and an information processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described.

1. 1. First embodiment 1.1. Information processing apparatus 10
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the information processing apparatus 10 includes a storage unit 12, a control unit 14, and a display unit 16. The function of each unit is realized by a program stored in a computer-readable information storage medium being read and executed by the information processing apparatus 10 that is a computer system using a medium reader (not shown). As good as Note that the program may be supplied to the information processing apparatus 10 by an information storage medium, or may be supplied via a data communication network such as the Internet or an intranet.

  The storage unit 12 includes a storage device such as a semiconductor memory or a magnetic disk, and stores data and programs. In the present embodiment, the storage unit 12 stores identification information of a plurality of biological materials and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials. The identification information of the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 is information for specifying the biological material, and the information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials is the identification information regarding the interaction of the biological materials. In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the information processing apparatus 10 includes the storage unit 12. However, the storage unit 12 is not included in the information processing apparatus 10, and the storage unit (server) 12 is included. (Information on identification of a plurality of biological materials and information on interaction between the plurality of biological materials) may be supplied to the control unit 14 via the data communication network.

The storage unit 12 may store biological material network information based on biological materials and information on interactions between biological materials, for example, as follows. That is, when the number of biological materials included in the biological material network is N, the storage unit 12 has an interaction L _ij (i) between the biological material i and the biological material j together with information on each of the N biological materials 1 to N. And j is an integer from 1 to N).

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a table including a plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials. The table shown in FIG. 5 defines biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 and biological materials that interact with the biological materials. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the interaction between biological substances is shown as an example defined in two ways when there is an interaction or when there is no interaction, or The strength of interaction between biological substances may be defined in three or more ways (the same applies to the second and third embodiments described later). As the information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials and the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12, existing information may be used or newly created information may be used. For example, http://itolab.cb.ku-tokyo.ac.jp/Y2H/ (2010-12) is known as information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials and the plurality of biological materials. A database of protein interactions of yeast published on the 26th of March).

  Biological substances are substances existing in the body, such as proteins, genes, carbohydrates, and lipids. These biological substances function in vivo as enzymes, antibodies, cytokines, physiologically active substances, signal messengers, and the like. The gene includes nucleotide sequences such as DNA and RNA. Among them, the biological material may be a protein or a gene. In vivo, the expression or loss of one protein can affect the expression or loss of another protein, and the expression or loss of one gene can affect the expression or loss of another gene.

  According to the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, a biological material identification information specifying unit 28 described later has a biological value having an activity value equal to or higher than a threshold value among the activity values of a plurality of biological materials determined by the activity value determining unit 26. By identifying the identification information of a substance, the effect of the expression or disappearance of one biological substance on the expression or disappearance of another biological substance is identified. Predict how it will affect biological materials.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a biological material network in which identification information of a plurality of biological materials and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 are connected and displayed based on the above-described data. It is. In the biological material network shown in FIG. 2, when an interaction exists between two different biological materials (nodes) i and j, it is assumed that a link ij exists, and each circle corresponds to one biological material. The link between substances corresponds to the presence or absence of interaction, the link between biological substances is a directed link, and the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of interaction (FIGS. 3, 8, 9, and 9 described later). 18 and FIG. 19 have the same significance.) In the example shown in FIG. 2, the biological material under the arrow acts on the substance under the arrow. That is, in FIG. 2, link ij represents that biological material i acts on biological material j.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 14 includes a biological material identification information receiving unit 22, a biological material interaction information receiving unit 23, a seed material identification information receiving unit 25, an activity value determining unit 26, and a biological material. And an identification information specifying unit 28.

  The biological material identification information receiving unit 22 receives identification information of a plurality of biological information. The biological material interaction information receiving unit 23 receives information on the interaction between a plurality of biological materials. As described above, the identification information of the plurality of biological information and the information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials are stored in the storage unit 12. The seed material identification information receiving unit 25 receives identification information of one or more seed materials specified by the user of the information processing apparatus 10. The seed material is a biological material selected by the user of the information processing device 10, and more specifically, the seed material is a biological material related to a phenomenon or symptom that the user of the information processing device 10 is paying attention to. It may be.

  The seed material identification information receiving unit 25 receives the identification information of one or more specified seed materials among the plurality of biological material identification information. The identification information of the seed material is selected by the user of the information processing apparatus 10. More specifically, the identification information of the seed material is input by a user of the information processing apparatus 10 from a computer terminal (not shown) connected to the information processing apparatus 10 and is transmitted through the data communication network. The identification information receiving unit 25 may be supplied.

  The activity value determining unit 26 performs activity propagation processing based on the identification information of the seed material and the information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials, and determines the activity values (at time t) of the plurality of biological materials. To do. That is, in the activity propagation process, at least a part of a plurality of data elements (biological substance identification information) is set as a seed element (seed substance identification information), a data value is assigned to the seed element, and the seed element Is propagated based on the link between elements (information on the interaction between biological materials). Data value activity propagation processing may be continued until a predetermined condition is satisfied. Hereinafter, specific processing by the activity value determination unit 26 will be described.

The activity value determination unit 26 inputs an initial value to the seed element (identification information of the seed substance), and is based on the interaction information (for example, L _ij described above) set between the data elements (identification information of the biological substance). Then, the output value based on the value input to the seed element (seed substance identification information) is sequentially transmitted to the data element (biological substance identification information) having an interaction.

  The activity value determination unit 26 terminates the above-described data value propagation process, for example, an end condition that the amount of data change of each element due to propagation does not exceed the threshold, or the number of propagation processes reaches a predetermined number of times. Repeat until the condition is met. Specific algorithms for data propagation processing are described in, for example, “Allison Woodruff, Rich Gossweiler, James Pitkow, Ed H. Chi, and Stuart K. Card“ Enhancing a Digital Book with a Reading Recommender ””, “JP 2006 -133844 (patent document 1) "," Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-243804 (patent document 3) "," Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-241594 (patent document 3) ", active diffusion, continuous Fixed point attractor dynamics, page rank algorithm (Non-Patent Document 2: awrence Page, Sergey Brin, Rajeev Motwani, Terry Winograd, 'The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web', 1998, http: // www-db .stanford.edu / ~ backrub / pageranksub.ps (searched on December 20, 2010)) or the like may be used.

  In this embodiment, the above-mentioned continuous fixed point attractor dynamical system (Non-patent Document 3: Hiroshi Okamoto Information extraction from large-scale complex networks by analogy with memory recall in the brain, Artificial Intelligence Basic Problem Study Group (78th) 35-41 (2010)), the case of using the method for obtaining the activity values of a plurality of biological substances will be described below as an example.

If there is a biological material as a node and there is an interaction between different biological materials, “link is present”, and if there is no interaction between different biological materials, “no link” is assumed. That is, in the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, when the adjacency matrix that defines the biological material network is A = (A _nm ), when the biological material i acts on the biological material j, A _nm = 1, otherwise When it is assumed that A _nm = 0, the vector τ is obtained by setting τ _n = 1 when the biological material n is a seed material, and τ _n = 0 otherwise.

上記の規則に従ってベクトルｘ（ｔ）を更新してゆくと、ベクトルｘ（ｔ）はやがてベクトルτに連続的に依存した定常状態に収束する。活性値決定部２６は、データ値の伝播が予め定められた平衡状態に達すると、その時点での各生体物質のデータ値に基づいて、以下の伝播処理結果テーブルを生成する。 Further, the “activity” of the node n at time t is assumed to be x _n (t) (n = 1,... N). The time evolution of the vector x (t) is determined by the method described in Non-Patent Document 2 (continuous attractor dynamical system). That is, the initial condition is defined by the following equation (1), and the update from the vector x (t) = (x ₁ (t),... X _N (t)) to the vector x (t + 1) is represented by the following equation (2a ) Or formula (2c):

When the vector x (t) is updated according to the above rule, the vector x (t) eventually converges to a steady state that is continuously dependent on the vector τ. When the propagation of the data value reaches a predetermined equilibrium state, the activity value determination unit 26 generates the following propagation processing result table based on the data value of each biological material at that time.

  The biological material identification information specifying unit 28 specifies identification information of a biological material having an activity value equal to or greater than a threshold value among the activity values of the nodes (plural biological materials) determined by the activity value determining unit 26. In this case, when there are L biological substances having an activity value greater than or equal to the threshold value, the biological material identification information specifying unit 28 has L having activity values equal to or greater than the threshold value in order from the highest acquired activity value in the steady state. An activity value is identified.

  FIG. 6A shows an example of an activity propagation processing result table arranged in order from a biological material having a high activity value after the activity propagation processing performed by the activity value determining unit 26. In this way, by performing the activity propagation process using the seed substance as a base point, the biological substance is specified in the order of higher activity values (in order of higher relevance with the seed substance).

  The display unit 16 displays a screen on the display based on the graphic data indicating the processing result by the biological material identification information specifying unit 28. FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating an example of a processing result display screen displayed on the display unit 16.

  As shown in FIG. 3, nodes (identification information of a plurality of biological materials) corresponding to L biological materials having an activity value equal to or greater than a threshold value specified by the biological material identification information specifying unit 28 and links between them ( A network composed of biological substance interaction information) may be extracted as a seed substance-related network. In FIG. 3, nodes (identification information of a plurality of biological materials) corresponding to biological materials having an activity value equal to or higher than a threshold specified by the biological material identification information specifying unit 28 in the biological material network shown in FIG. 2 are shown. Shown with shading.

  Next, a series of data processing performed by the information processing apparatus 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The information processing apparatus 10 receives the identification information of a plurality of biological materials and the information on the interaction of the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 (S101), and inputs identification information of one or more seed materials from the user. Is received (S102).

  Next, the information processing apparatus 10 assigns an initial data value to the received identification information of the seed substance, and performs a process of propagating the assigned data value according to the link between the biological substances (the above-described activity propagation process) (S103). ). The information processing apparatus 10 determines whether or not the activity propagation process satisfies a predetermined termination condition according to the above formulas (2a) to (2c) (S104), and determines that the condition is not satisfied (S104: N), the above active propagation process is repeated until the condition is satisfied. When the information processing apparatus 10 determines that the activity propagation process satisfies the condition (S104: Y), the activity value equal to or greater than the threshold is determined based on the activity value of each biological substance obtained as a result of the activity propagation process. The identification information of the biological material having is specified, and the biological material is ranked (S105). Then, the information processing apparatus 10 is input by the user by displaying the biological substances subjected to the above ranking in an aspect corresponding to the order, for example, displaying the biological substances in order from the highest activity value. The processing result regarding the seed material is displayed (S106).

  As described above, in the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the seed material specified by the user is ranked based on the link between the biological materials based on the link between the biological materials.

1.2. Modified Example As a modified example of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, an example in which the above formulas (2a) to (2c) used in the active propagation process in the active value determining unit 26 are replaced with the following formula (6) is given. It is done. In the active propagation process in the second and third embodiments described later, the above formulas (2a) to (2c) may be replaced with the following formula (6). The general property of the following formula (6) is described in Non-Patent Document 3. In the following equation (6), the method for selecting the initial state of the vector x is not particularly limited.

  When the vector x (t) is updated according to the above equation (6), the vector x (t) eventually converges to a steady state that depends continuously on the vector τ. In the steady state, L items are selected in descending order of the acquired activity values. A network composed of these L biological materials (nodes) and an interaction (link) between them is output as a biological material network.

1.3. Features According to the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, identification information of a biological material related to a seed material is specified. Thereby, the biological material network comprised from the biological material relevant to a seed material is obtained. In addition, according to the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, it is predicted whether or not the seed substance affects other biological substances.

  In recent years, attempts have been made to use networks of proteins and genes for drug discovery. According to the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, a biological material network composed of biological materials related to a seed material is used as a “map”, for example, a biological body that is a “target” related to a phenomenon / symptom to be noticed. It is determined whether other biological substances can be controlled by suppressing the substances. Furthermore, according to the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the biological material that is desired to be controlled in the biological material network is controlled, and the biological material that does not have a great influence (side effect) on other biological materials is identified. To do.

2. Second Embodiment 2.1. Information processing apparatus 20
FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment. The information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment includes a storage unit 12, a control unit 14, and a display unit 16. In the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, elements having the same functions as those of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  The control unit 24 includes a biological material identification information receiving unit 22, a biological material interaction information receiving unit 23, a seed material identification information receiving unit 25, a (first) activity value determining unit 26, and a biological material identification information. It is the same as the control unit 14 of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment in that the specifying unit 28 is provided. Further, the control unit 24 includes a first data group creation unit 29, a second activity value determination unit 36, a second data group creation unit 39, a third activity value determination unit 46, and a data comparison unit. 48.

  The first data group creation unit 29 includes first biological material identification information having an activity value equal to or higher than the threshold specified by the biological material identification information specifying unit 28, and information on the interaction of the biological material. To create a seed document related data group.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a biological material network displaying identification information of a plurality of biological materials constituting the first type document-related data group and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials.

  In the biological material network shown in FIG. 8, nodes indicating biological materials having an activity value equal to or higher than the threshold value specified by the first data group creation unit 29 are indicated by solid circles (shaded). That is, in FIGS. 8 and 9, nodes having an activation value equal to or greater than the threshold are indicated by solid circles, and nodes having an activation value less than the threshold are indicated by dashed circles. 8 and 9, the action between the nodes indicating the biological material having an activity value equal to or higher than the threshold is indicated by a solid arrow, and the node indicating the biological material having the activity value equal to or higher than the threshold is an activity less than the threshold. The dashed arrows indicate the effect on the node indicating the biological material having a value and the effect on the node indicating the biological material having an activity value greater than or equal to the threshold value. ing.

  The second activity value determination unit executes an activity propagation process based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the first species document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, The activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the seed document related data group is determined. That is, the second activity value determination unit 36 performs activity propagation processing based on identification information of a biological material having an activity value equal to or greater than the threshold and information on an interaction between the biological materials.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a table including information on a plurality of biological materials constituting the first type of document related data group and information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials. The table shown in FIG. 11 includes identification information of a biological material having an activity value equal to or higher than a threshold specified by the biological material identification information specifying unit 28 and information on the interaction of the biological material. In FIG. 11, shaded portions are identification information of a seed material, which will be described later, and information on a biological material related to the seed material, and these information are deleted by the second data group creation unit 39, which will be described later. .

  12A is a diagram illustrating an example of an activity propagation processing result table by the second activity value determining unit 36, and FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating the second activity displayed on the display unit 16. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of the active propagation process result by the value determination part. FIG. 12B shows the result of the activity propagation process when the seed material is the biological material 1.

  The second activity value determining unit 36 performs activity propagation processing based on a node (a node indicated by shading in FIG. 8) indicating a biological material having an activity value equal to or greater than a threshold value and interaction information of the node. I do. The method of the active propagation process uses the method exemplified in the first embodiment. More specifically, the active propagation process is performed using a page rank algorithm (p = 0 in Equation (6) shown in the modification of the first embodiment described above).

  The second data group creation unit 39 deletes the identification information of the seed document and the information on the interaction between the biological substances related to the seed document from the first seed document related data group, Create a document-related data group.

  In the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, the second data group creation unit 39 uses the node (identification information of the seed material, that is, the identification information of the biological material 1 in the present embodiment) surrounded by a thick dotted line in FIG. And the node interaction information are deleted from the first seed document related data group to create a second seed document related data group.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a table including information on a plurality of biological materials constituting the second type document-related data group and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials. The second data group creation unit 39 deletes the identification information of the biological material and the information on the interaction of the biological material shown by shading in FIG. To create a seed document related data group.

  The third activity value determination unit 46 executes the activity propagation process based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the second seed document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, The activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the seed document related data group is determined. The method of the active propagation process uses the method exemplified in the first embodiment. More specifically, the active propagation process is performed using a page rank algorithm (p = 0 in Equation (6) shown in the modification of the first embodiment described above).

  As shown in FIG. 9, the third activity value determination unit 46 determines the activity value for each node (identification information of the biological material) excluding the seed material.

  FIG. 14A is a diagram illustrating an example of the activity propagation processing result table determined by the third activity value determining unit 46, and FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of the active propagation process result determined by the active value determination part 46 of 3. FIG. That is, FIG. 14B shows the result of the activity propagation process when the biological material 1 as the seed material is deleted.

  The data comparison unit 48 corresponds to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological materials, the activity value obtained by the second activity value determination unit 36, and the activity value obtained by the third activity value determination unit 46. Compare FIG. 15A is a diagram showing an example of a result comparison process result of the activity value by the data comparison unit 48, and FIG. 15B is a display screen of the activity value comparison process result by the data comparison unit 48. It is a figure which shows an example. FIG. 15B shows the result of the activity propagation process when the biological material 1 as the seed material is deleted. In FIG. 15B, the difference (C1−C2) between the activity value C1 obtained by the third activity value determining unit 46 and the activity value C2 obtained by the second activity value determining unit 36 is large. It is shown in order from biological material.

  More specifically, in a certain biological substance, the difference (absolute value) between the activity value C1 determined by the third activity value determining unit 46 and the activity value C2 obtained by the second activity value determining unit 36. It is estimated that the larger the biological material, the greater the influence of the seed material.

  As described above, the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment predicts whether or not the seed substance affects other biological substances.

  Next, a series of data processing performed by the information processing apparatus 20 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The information processing apparatus 20 receives the identification information of a plurality of biological materials and the information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 (S201), and inputs identification information of one or more species materials from the user. Is accepted (S202).

  Next, the information processing apparatus 20 assigns an initial data value to the received identification information of the seed substance, and performs a process (first activity propagation process) for propagating the assigned data value according to the link between biological substances ( S203). The information processing apparatus 20 determines whether the activity propagation process satisfies a predetermined termination condition according to the equations (2a) to (2c) shown in the first embodiment (S204), When it is determined that the condition is not satisfied (S204: N), the activity propagation process is repeatedly executed until the condition is satisfied. When the information processing apparatus 20 determines that the activity propagation process satisfies the condition (S204: Y), the activity value greater than or equal to the threshold value is determined based on the activity value of each biological material obtained as a result of the activity propagation process. The identification information of the biological material having is specified, and the biological material is ranked (S205). In the above processing, S201 to S205 correspond to the processing S101 to S105 of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment described above.

  Next, a first type document related data group composed of the identification information of the biological material having an activity value equal to or greater than the threshold and the identification information of the biological material is created (S206), and this first type document related data group The second active propagation process is performed according to the page rank algorithm (S207). That is, the information processing apparatus 20 determines whether or not the activity propagation process satisfies a predetermined end condition according to the equation (6) shown in the modification of the first embodiment (S208). If it is determined that the condition is not satisfied (S208: N), the activity propagation process is repeatedly executed until the condition is satisfied. If the information processing apparatus 20 determines that the activity propagation process satisfies the condition (S208: Y), the information processing apparatus 20 ranks the biological material based on the activity value of each biological material obtained as a result of the activity propagation process. The activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the first seed document related data group is determined (S209). Next, the identification information of the seed document and the information on the interaction between the biological materials related to the seed document are deleted from the first seed document-related data group to create a second seed document-related data group ( S210) and further executing a third activity propagation process based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the second seed document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the second seed document The activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the related data group is determined (S211). That is, the information processing apparatus 20 determines whether or not the activity propagation process satisfies a predetermined termination condition according to the equation (6) shown in the modification of the first embodiment (S212). If it is determined that the condition is not satisfied (S212: N), the activity propagation process is repeatedly executed until the condition is satisfied. If the information processing apparatus 20 determines that the activity propagation process satisfies the condition (S212: Y), the information processing apparatus 20 ranks the biological material based on the activity value of each biological material obtained as a result of the activity propagation process. The activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the second seed document related data group is determined (S213). Next, for each of the identification information of the plurality of biological materials, the activity value obtained by the second activity propagation process is compared with the activity value obtained by the third activity propagation process (S214). Then, the information processing apparatus 20 displays the processing results of the biological materials with which the activity values are compared, for example, by displaying the biological materials in descending order of the difference in the activity values (absolute value) (S215).

2.3. Modified Example Next, a modified example of the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment will be described. In the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, the second data group creation unit 39 determines the interaction between the identification information of the seed document and the biological material related to the seed document from the first seed document related data group. Instead of deleting the information, in the information processing apparatus according to this modification, the second data group creation unit 39 uses the identification information of the seed document and the living body related to the seed document in the first seed document related data group. The second species document related data group is created by weighting the information on the interaction between the materials, the identification information of the biological material constituting the second seed document related data group, and the interaction between the biological materials Based on the information, the activity propagation process is executed to determine the activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the second seed document related data group. In this case, active propagation processing is performed with ρ> 0 in the above equation (6).

  FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating an example of the activity propagation processing result table in the third activity value determining unit 46 of the present modification, and FIG. 16B is displayed on the display unit 16. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of the active propagation | transmission process result in the 3rd active value determination part 46 of this modification.

  The data comparison unit 48 corresponds to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological materials, the activity value obtained by the second activity value determination unit 36, and the activity value obtained by the third activity value determination unit 46. Compare FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating an example of an activation value comparison processing table displayed on the display unit 16 by the data comparison unit 48 of the present modification, and FIG. 16B illustrates the modification. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of the active value comparison process result by the data comparison part 48 of. FIG. 16B shows the result of the activity propagation process when the biological material 1 as the seed material is weighted. In FIG. 16B, the activity value C1 obtained by the third activity value determining unit 46 of the present modification and the activity value C2 obtained by the second activity value determining unit 36 of the present modification are shown. The biological material is shown in order from the largest (C1-C2) difference.

  More specifically, in a certain biological substance, the activity value C1 determined by the third activity value determining unit 46 of the present modification and the activity value obtained by the second activity value determining unit 36 of the present modification. It is presumed that the biological substance having a larger difference (absolute value) from C2 has a greater influence by the seed substance.

  Thus, also in the modified example of the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, it is predicted whether the seed material will affect other biological materials.

As described above, in the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, in the first embodiment, when ρ = 0 in the above equation (6), the identification information (node) of each biological substance is stored. Determine the activity value. ... (A)
Then, when specifying the identification information (node) of a certain biological substance and examining the effect of suppressing this node, a living body composed of identification information of a plurality of biological substances and mutual information between the plurality of biological substances In the network obtained by deleting the node from the material network, the active value of each node is determined by the above equation (6) (where ρ = 0). ... (B)
On the other hand, as shown in the modification of the information processing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, when a certain biological material is specified and the effect of activating this is examined, identification information of a plurality of biological materials and the relevant information In a network composed of mutual information between a plurality of biological materials, the node is represented by a vector τ, and the active value of each node is determined by the above equation (6) (where ρ> 0). ... (C)
For each node, the difference between the activity value obtained from the above equation (A) and the activity value obtained from the above equation (B), or the activity value obtained from the above equation (A) and the above (C). The difference (absolute value) from the activity value obtained in is calculated. It is interpreted that a biological material corresponding to a node having a large difference is greatly influenced by the suppression or activation of the designated biological material.

3. Third Embodiment 3.1. Information processing apparatus 30
FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment. The information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment includes a storage unit 12, a control unit 14, and a display unit 16. In the information processing apparatus 30 according to this embodiment, elements having the same functions as those of the information processing apparatus 10 according to this embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  Similar to the control unit 14 of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment, the control unit 34 includes the biological material identification information receiving unit 22, the biological material interaction information receiving unit 23, the seed material identification information receiving unit 25, and the like. , (First) activity value determining unit 26 and biological material identification information specifying unit 28. The control unit 34 further includes a first data group creation unit 29, a second data group creation unit 39, a second activity value determination unit 36, and a data comparison unit 48.

  In the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, the biological material identification information reception unit 22, the biological material interaction information reception unit 23, the seed material identification information reception unit 25, the (first) activity value determination unit 26, and the biological body The substance identification information specifying unit 28 corresponds to each unit of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment described above, and has the same function, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. That is, the first activity value determination unit 26 obtains information on a plurality of biological materials having activity values equal to or higher than the threshold and information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials (FIG. 6A and FIG. 6). (See (B)). That is, in the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, as in the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment, information on a plurality of biological materials shown in FIG. 5 and information on an interaction between the plurality of biological materials. By performing the first activity value determination unit 26 based on the above, the activity propagation processing result shown in FIG. 6A is obtained.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a biological material network in which identification information of a plurality of biological materials and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 are connected and displayed based on the above-described data. It is.

  In the biological material network shown in FIG. 18, nodes indicating biological materials having an activity value equal to or higher than the threshold specified by the first data group creation unit 29 are shown by shading.

  The first data group creation unit 29 includes first biological material identification information having an activity value equal to or higher than the threshold specified by the biological material identification information specifying unit 28, and information on the interaction of the biological material. To create a seed document related data group.

  The second data group creation unit 39 creates the second seed document related data group by deleting the identification information of the seed document and the interaction information of the seed document from the first seed document related data group. . That is, the second data group creation unit 39 deletes the identification information of the seed material from the identification information of the biological material having the activity value equal to or higher than the threshold value constituting the first seed document related data group, The interaction information of the seed document is deleted from the interaction information of the plurality of biological materials constituting the document related data group. That is, in the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, the second data group creation unit 39 performs the node (identification information of the seed substance, that is, the biological substance 1 in the present embodiment) surrounded by a thick dotted line in FIG. The identification information) and the interaction information of this node are deleted from the first seed document related data group to create a second seed document related data group.

上記式（９）において、ｎが指定されたノードならばα_ｎ＝１、そうでないならばα_ｎ＝０である。 The second activity value determination unit 36 uses the second seed group identification unit 39 to delete the seed document identification information and the seed document interaction information from the first seed document related data group. The activity propagation process is executed based on the document related data group. That is, the second activity value determination unit 36 includes information on the plurality of biological materials from which the seed document has been deleted, and information on interactions between the biological materials from which information on the interaction of the seed documents has been deleted. The activity propagation process is executed based on the above to determine the activity value (at time t) of each biological substance. The method of the active propagation process uses the method exemplified in the first embodiment. More specifically, replacing the formulas (2a) shown in the modification of the first embodiment described above the I _n in (2c) to the following equation (9) (λ> 0) .

In the above equation (9), α _n = 1 if n is a designated node, and α _n = 0 otherwise.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a table including information on a plurality of biological materials and information on interactions between the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 of the information processing device 30. FIG. FIG. 14B is a diagram illustrating an example of an activity propagation processing result table by the second activity value determining unit 36 of the information processing device 30. FIG. 14B is a diagram illustrating a second activity value determining unit of the information processing device 30. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a display screen of an activity propagation processing result by 36; In FIG. 20, the shaded portion indicates the identification information of the seed document deleted by the second data group creation unit 39 and the information on the interaction of the seed document. As shown in FIG. 19, the second activity value determination unit 36 determines the activity value for each node (identification information of the biological material) excluding the seed material.

  The data comparison unit 48 corresponds to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances, the activity value obtained by the first activity value determination unit 26, and the activity value obtained by the second activity value determination unit 36. Compare FIG. 15A is a diagram illustrating an example of a comparison process result table of activity values by the data comparison unit 48, and FIG. 15B illustrates data by the data comparison unit 48 displayed on the display unit 16. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of a comparison result. FIG. 15B shows an activation value C3 obtained by the second activation value determination unit 36 of the present modification and an activation value C4 obtained by the first activation value determination unit 26 of the present modification. The biological material is shown in order from the largest difference (C3-C4).

  More specifically, in a certain biological substance, the activity value C3 determined by the second activity value determination unit 36 of the present modification and the activity value obtained by the first activity value determination unit 26 of the present modification. It is presumed that the biological material having a larger difference (absolute value) from C4 has a greater influence by the seed material.

  Thus, according to the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, it is predicted whether or not the seed substance affects other biological substances.

  Next, a series of data processing performed by the information processing apparatus 30 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The information processing apparatus 30 receives the identification information of the plurality of biological materials and the information on the interaction of the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12 (S301), and inputs the identification information of one or more seed materials from the user. Is accepted (S302).

  Next, the information processing apparatus 30 assigns an initial data value to the received identification information of the seed substance, and performs a process (first activity propagation process) for propagating the assigned data value according to a link between biological substances ( S303). The information processing apparatus 30 determines whether the activity propagation process satisfies a predetermined termination condition according to the equations (2a) to (2c) shown in the first embodiment (S304). When it is determined that the condition is not satisfied (S304: N), the activity propagation process is repeatedly executed until the condition is satisfied. When the information processing apparatus 30 determines that the activity propagation process satisfies the condition (S304: Y), the activity value greater than or equal to the threshold is determined based on the activity value of each biological material obtained as a result of the activity propagation process. The identification information of the biological material having is specified, and the biological material is ranked (S305). In the above processing, S301 to S305 correspond to the processing S101 to S105 of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment described above.

  Next, a first seed document related data group composed of the identification information of the biological material having an activity value equal to or greater than the threshold and the identification information of the biological material is created (S306), and the first seed document related data group is created. Then, the identification information of the seed document and the interaction information of the seed document are deleted, and a second seed document related data group is created (S307). Then, the second active propagation process is performed on the second type document related data group according to the page rank algorithm (S308). That is, the information processing apparatus 30 determines whether or not the activity propagation process satisfies a predetermined termination condition according to the equation (6) shown in the modification of the first embodiment (S309). If it is determined that the condition is not satisfied (S309: N), the activity propagation process is repeatedly executed until the condition is satisfied. If the information processing apparatus 30 determines that the activity propagation process satisfies the condition (S309: Y), the information processing apparatus 30 ranks the biological material based on the activity value of each biological material obtained as a result of the activity propagation process. The activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the second seed document related data group is determined (S310). Next, for each of the identification information of the plurality of biological materials, the activity value obtained by the first activity propagation process is compared with the activity value obtained by the second activity propagation process (S311). Then, the information processing apparatus 30 displays the processing result of the biological material with which the activity value is compared, for example, by displaying the biological material in descending order of the difference in the activity value (absolute value) (S312).

3.3. Modified Example Next, a modified example of the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment will be described. In the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, the second data group creation unit 39 determines the interaction between the identification information of the seed document and the biological material related to the seed document from the first seed document related data group. Instead of deleting the information, in the information processing apparatus according to this modification, the second data group creation unit 39 uses the identification information of the seed document and the living body related to the seed document in the first seed document related data group. The second species document related data group is created by weighting the information on the interaction between the materials, the identification information of the biological material constituting the second seed document related data group, and the interaction between the biological materials Based on the information, the activity propagation process is executed to determine the activity value (at time t) of each biological substance constituting the second seed document related data group. In this case, active propagation processing is performed with ρ> 0 in the above equation (6).

  FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating an example of an activity propagation processing result table in the second activity value determining unit 36 of the present modification, and FIG. 16B illustrates a second activity of the present modification. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of the active propagation process result in the value determination part.

  The data comparison unit 48 corresponds to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological materials, the activity value obtained by the second activity value determination unit 36, and the activity value obtained by the third activity value determination unit 46. Compare FIG. 16A is a diagram showing an example of a comparison process result table of activity values by the data comparison unit 48 of the present modification, and FIG. 16B shows an activity of the data comparison unit 48 of the present modification. It is a figure which shows an example of the display screen of a value comparison process result. FIG. 16B shows the result of the activity propagation process when the biological material 1 as the seed material is weighted. In FIG. 16B, the activity value C1 obtained by the second activity value determining unit 36 of the present modification and the activity value C2 obtained by the first activity value determining unit 26 of the present modification are shown. The biological material is shown in order from the largest (C1-C2) difference.

  More specifically, in a certain biological substance, the activity value C1 determined by the second activity value determination unit 36 of the present modification and the activity value obtained by the first activity value determination unit 26 of the present modification. It is presumed that the biological substance having a larger difference (absolute value) from C2 has a greater influence by the seed substance.

  Thus, also in the modified example of the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, it is predicted whether or not the seed material affects other biological materials.

As described above, in the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, based on the information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials and the plurality of biological materials stored in the storage unit 12, The activation value of identification information (node) is defined.
... (D)
Then, when specifying the identification information (node) of a certain biological substance and examining the effect of suppressing this node, a living body composed of identification information of a plurality of biological substances and mutual information between the plurality of biological substances In the network obtained by deleting the node from the material network, the activation value of each node is determined according to the above formula (2a), the above formula (2b), and the above formula (2c). ... (E)
On the other hand, as shown in the modification of the information processing apparatus 30 according to the present embodiment, when a certain biological material is specified and the effect of activating this is examined, the identification information of a plurality of biological materials and the relevant information in a network composed of a mutual information between the plurality of biological materials, the formula (2a), the formula (2b) and the formula _{I n} in (2c) by replacing the formula (9) (λ> 0) , Weight the specified node (bias it).
... (F)
For each node, the difference between the activity value obtained from the equation (D) and the activity value obtained from the equation (E), or the activity value obtained from the equation (D) and the above (F). The difference (absolute value) from the activity value obtained in is calculated. It is interpreted that a biological material corresponding to a node having a large difference is greatly influenced by the suppression or activation of the designated biological material.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes, modifications, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art having ordinary knowledge in this field.

  10, 20, 30 Information processing device, 12 Storage unit, 14, 24, 34 Control unit, 16 Display unit, 22 Biological substance identification information receiving unit, 23 Biological substance interaction information receiving unit, 25 Species identification information receiving unit , 26 activity value determining unit (first activity value determining unit), 28 biological substance identification information specifying unit, 29 first data group creating unit, 36 activity value determining unit (second activity value determining unit), 39 2 data group creation unit, 46 activity value determination unit (third activity value determination unit), 48 data comparison unit.

Claims (6)

Means for receiving identification information of a plurality of biological materials and information on an interaction between the plurality of biological materials;
Means for receiving identification information of one or more specified species among the identification information of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for performing an activity propagation process based on identification information of the seed substance and information on an interaction between the plurality of biological substances, and determining an activity value (at time t) of the plurality of biological substances;
Means for identifying identification information of a biological material having an activity value greater than or equal to a threshold value among the activity values of the plurality of biological materials determined by the determining means;
An information processing apparatus comprising: The means for determining is a first determining means;
The identification information of the biological material specified by the specifying means and the information on the interaction between the biological materials are set as a first type document-related data group,
The active propagation process is executed based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the first species document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the first species document related data group is constructed. Second determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of each biological material to be
Means for creating a second seed document related data group by deleting identification information of the seed document and information on interaction between biological materials related to the seed document from the first seed document related data group When,
Based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the second seed document related data group and information on the interaction between the biological materials, the activity propagation process is executed to configure the second seed document related data group Third determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of each biological material to be
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the second determining means and the activity value obtained by the third determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The means for determining is a first determining means;
The identification information of the biological material specified by the specifying means and the information on the interaction between the biological materials are set as a first type document-related data group,
The active propagation process is executed based on the identification information of the biological material constituting the first species document related data group and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the first species document related data group is constructed. Second determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of each biological material to be
The first seed document related data group is configured by weighting the identification information of the seed document and the information on the interaction between the biological materials related to the seed document in the first seed document related data group. Activity propagation processing is executed based on the identification information of the biological material and the interaction information between the biological materials, and the activity values (at time t) of the biological materials constituting the first type document related data group A third determining means for determining
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the second determining means and the activity value obtained by the third determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The means for determining is a first determining means;
Means for deleting the identification information of the seed document from the identification information of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for deleting the interaction information of the seed document from the interaction information of the plurality of biological materials;
Based on the information on the plurality of biological materials from which the seed document has been deleted and the information on the interactions between the biological materials from which the information on the interaction of the seed documents has been deleted, Second determining means for determining an activity value (at time t) of the biological material;
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the first determining means and the activity value obtained by the second determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The means for determining is a first determining means;
After weighting the identification information of the seed document, the activity propagation process is executed based on the identification information of the biological material and the information on the interaction between the biological materials, and the activity value (time t A second determining means for determining
Means for comparing the activity value obtained by the first determining means and the activity value obtained by the second determining means, corresponding to each of the identification information of the plurality of biological substances;
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: Means for storing identification information of a plurality of biological materials, and information of an interaction between the plurality of biological materials;
Means for receiving identification information of one or more specified species among the identification information of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for executing an activity propagation process based on the identification information of the seed material and information on the interaction between the plurality of biological materials, and determining the activity values (at time t) of the plurality of biological materials;
Means for identifying identification information of a biological material having an activity value greater than or equal to a threshold value among the activity values of the plurality of biological materials determined by the determining means;
An information processing system comprising:

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