JP2012159194A - Closing system for closing opening of passage of pipes, duct, bus channel, and electric cable passing through partitioning wall of vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a closing system for closing an opening of a passage of pipes, ducts, bus channels, and electric cables passing through a partitioning wall of a vessel.SOLUTION: The closing system for closing the opening of a passage of the pipes, pipe channels 19, the bus lines, and the electric cables 20 passing through the partitioning wall of the vessel such as a bulkhead or the deck with 60 min fire resistance known as an A 60 grade, a lower grade and under water head, the opened opening 15 is lidded with a modular filling element 12, and the lid is covered with a noncombustible elastic sealing material 13.

Description

  The present invention closes the openings of pipes, conduits, bus lines and electrical cable passages through bulkheads, decks and other ship bulkheads, known as A60 grades, which are refractory to 60 minutes and below and below water. It is related to the closure system to do.

  As is well known, ships have bulkheads that must be able to withstand fires and water heads for a preset period of time.

  However, these bulkheads generally must have openings as passages for tubes, electrical cables, bus lines and conduits, which openings are necessary for operating the technical service system.

  The passages must be carefully insulated and protected so as not to negate the prescribed resistance of the bulkhead to fire and water heads.

  Common tubes, electrical cables, bus lines and conduits are actually good thermal conductors and in some cases a flame carrying tool. Because they constitute an opening that allows the fire to rush.

  According to the prior art, two systems were used to allow tubes and conduits to pass through the bulkhead of A60 class ships.

  According to the first method, the intersection is pre-provided as an integral part of the tube. The passage is continuously welded onto the bulkhead and then joined to the tube on both sides for circuit continuation.

  According to another method, a metal sleeve is inserted and mounted on the partition wall by continuous welding, after which the non-metallic or metal hollow tubes of the facilities are inserted inside the metal sleeve, and then the tubes of the facilities Seal the gap between the metal sleeves. In non-metallic tubes, the device is known as a “fire-stop” and contains an inflatable material inside that closes the tube without a spring device.

  According to the prior art, the pipes on the ship are fixed by individual fittings and run in parallel in bundles, but each pipe individually has a volume that is clearly larger than the diameter of the corresponding pipe, In order to be able to arrange the corresponding ridges or sleeves, the partition walls need to be spaced radially.

  Also, each tube must be bent twice on either side of the septum to first separate the tubes and then collect the tubes again.

  This is for labor, special parts required, preparation of multiple holes, pipe placement to provide various pipe radial arrangements, scissor preparation and sealing, and subsequent insulation. Resulting in a significant increase in the cost of the process and from a technical point of view the respective drawbacks cause each pressure to cause a pressure loss.

  According to the prior art, the bulkhead is provided with a normally rectangular opening with dimensions that can vary between 100x80 mm and 500x240 mm for the passage of cables.

  In order to close these openings around, a sleeve protruding about 200 mm on each side is welded and continuously sealed, and a common steel frame is placed in the sleeve, and a rigid block is in the steel frame. Be placed. Some blocks have holes that are the same size as the cable diameter, allowing the cable to pass snugly. The number of cables that pass is limited and the dimensions of the cables must be preset.

  The SOLAS standard for ensuring maritime life safety stipulates that only 40% of open gaps can be occupied by cables.

  The remaining 60% unoccupied by the cable remains occluded by a similar completely closed rigid block without through holes. A worn screw placed on top in a guillotine-like manner compresses the blocks with a transverse element to secure the blocks in the desired position and make the passages fireproof and waterproof.

  Such conventional systems have several serious drawbacks.

  One drawback of conventional systems is that the assembly of blocks within the frame causes a significant amount of work. This is because cables are sometimes large and have different dimensions.

  Another disadvantage of conventional systems is that they are severe limitations from a design point of view. This is because there are many kilometers of cable on board and it is necessary to accurately predict which cable will pass a particular opening many years before construction.

  Conventional systems allow small changes between passing elements having similar dimensions when installed, but do not allow for subsequent adaptation to substantial changes in the number and dimensions of cables.

  However, such conventional systems are used in submerged areas that require not only effective fire resistance but also water resistance to the water pressure expected when submerged, i.e. below the surface of the ship. .

  If there is an opening in the bulkhead located in the area above the head, another system is currently in use that requires welding a scissors around the opening. Two pipes are provided on the upper side of the tub, air goes out from one pipe, and the other pipe is connected to a tank containing liquid material, and the liquid material is supplied into the tub by a pump. Is done. In order to prevent side leakage of liquid, an appropriate compressed sponge is placed on both sides, as well as in the gap between the cable and in the gap between the cable and the heel, and then the water is sprayed and expanded, so that the sponge Provides a solid seal. Thereafter, such liquid is pumped and spreads into gaps such as between cables. Such a liquid becomes a solid after a few hours and the passageway can maintain fire resistance.

  The main drawback of such a conventional system is that it needs to occupy 20 cm of space on both sides of the septum and constitutes a considerable weight when filled with liquid material. As is well known, it is always necessary to minimize the occupied area and weight on board.

  Another disadvantage is that from the construction point of view, such installation is complicated and difficult. This is because it is necessary to provide an opening in the block on the ground to provide scissors, brazing and welding, and then it is difficult to successfully place the sponge in all gaps. This is because there are many cables, various diameters, and in fact leaks often during the pumping step. On the other hand, pipes and conduits, and in particular electrical cables, may change until they are installed, so a significant drawback of conventional protection systems for plugging passages is that There is not enough adaptability to allow for unexpected changes.

  A further disadvantage of the above conventional system is that no changes can be made after installation of the tubes, conduits and electrical cables.

  The improved closure system requires that the open gap be plugged with a modular filling element after inserting the equipment tubes into the corresponding openings in the septum. The plug is then sealed from the outside with an intumescent material, i.e. a material that expands with fire, and finally the end exposed by the sheath is sealed.

  However, this intumescent material has two limitations. The first limitation was observed in the experimental phase related to plugging tube bundles. That is, in the final stage of the experiment with the real model of the A60 class bulkhead, when the deformation of the real model was at the extreme limit, the expansion plug material adhered to the pipe due to various deformations between the cable and the metal part. The rigidity of the system is such that it is pulled away from the bulkhead by the adsorption effect caused by the deformation of the metal part of the real model.

  The second restriction paid particular attention to the toxicity and opacity of smoke produced during fires, imposed by the following IMO (International Maritime Organization) international regulations, which set new standards to be followed for materials used on board. As a result of stricter regulations.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a closure system for closing the opening of the passage of the pipe through the bulkhead of the ship, overcoming the drawbacks of the known art.

  Within the scope of this object, the object of the present invention is to provide a closure system for opening of ship bulkheads, below A60 grade and under water.

  An important object of the present invention is to provide a simple and economical system.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that, by virtue of its unique construction characteristics, can provide the highest guarantee of safety and reliability in use.

  These and other objectives that will become more apparent below are closure systems for closing the openings of pipes, conduits, bus lines and electrical cable passages through the bulkhead of the ship, This is achieved by a closure system characterized by plugging with a modular filling element and covering the plug with a non-flammable and resilient sealant.

  According to the present invention, a nonflammable and elastic sealing material is used instead of the expansion material in order to eliminate the limitations of the prior art. In particular, a material known as the trade name “Navycross”, which is a single component fiber substrate, has proven particularly suitable. According to the present invention, a modular filling element, with gaps remaining open around the openings through which the tubes, electrical cables, bus lines and pipelines pass, is maintained in the case of a plurality of cables, keeping the distance from each other if necessary. Is plugged by.

  In fact, the present invention provides a plug solution that allows a bundled electrical cable to be sealed.

  In fact, very often, electrical cables are typically secured by appropriate fittings before and after the intersection with the bulkhead, collected in a single bundle and run around on the ship. In this case, the mutual distance between the cables is estimated to be 0 mm. This unique configuration allows the outer surface of the bundle to be treated with a “Navycross” over a length of 100 mm, regardless of the dimensions of the electrical cable present in the absence of a filling module between the cables. Standard refractory experiments have demonstrated that it can be sealed with a “Navycross” system with the necessary modifications so that the fire resistance rating of the septum considered in the method is maintained.

  The plug is hermetically sealed with a non-flammable and resilient sealant, and optionally covers large sized tubes, electrical cables, bus lines and conduits over a length of about 100 mm.

  The present invention also provides a plug solution that allows non-metallic tubes to be sealed, except for reinforced fiberglass, which must be treated in the same manner as metal tubes.

  In this case, a metal device containing an inflating material known as “鍔” is used, and the heel is attached in-situ and covers around the tube in the region of intersection with the septum. The scissors are provided with a mechanical fixing device suitable for fixing its position on the tube, for example of a connecting flap type. Thereafter, the wrinkles having dimensions smaller than the opening provided in the partition are covered with a “Navycross” sealant.

  The closure system according to the present invention eliminates all the disadvantages of conventional systems, and is easy to install, with complete closure of the closure system under sudden fire and under water head in bulk heads up to A60 grade, The advantage is that it is very economical, lightweight and has a reduced volume.

  According to the invention, it is sufficient to provide one opening in the ship bulkhead. The radial spacing between the tubes is no longer necessary, and the tubes, electrical cables, bus lines and pipelines occupy more space in the intersection area with the bulkhead, keeping their path always linearly parallel. And can pass through the partition wall.

  The present invention allows changes to be made at any time, even after installation.

  Furthermore, the replacement of rivets and / or sleeves with corresponding welds, which was necessary to use in known systems, is eliminated.

  The modular filling element for plugging the opening is constituted by a flexible strip with a preset width, to keep the thickness of the final closure system constant in order to ensure the required resistance. In the case of cables, a constant thickness of the strip ensures and maintains the mutual distance if necessary.

  The strip of modular filling elements consists of a self-extinguishing or insulating material, such as a self-extinguishing polyurethane foam, mineral wool, etc., with the characteristics of a plug with limited fire spread.

  The flexibility of the modular filling elements and their standardized dimensions allow them to be plugged quickly and clean, while at the same time providing sufficient fixed support for subsequent use of the sealant.

  A non-flammable and resilient sealant is applied over the plug and over the large size tubes, bus lines, conduits and electrical cables to cover the tube etc. for a length of about 100 mm after being plugged.

  A method for providing a closure system according to the present invention is as follows.

  In the case of pipes, pipelines and bus lines, empty gaps in the passage are filled with modular filling elements, starting from the outer peripheral area. Thereafter, the work is completed by filling the central area that remains free between the pipe, the pipeline and the main line.

  In the case of a non-metallic tube, a vacant gap is filled between the opening of the partition wall and the ridge.

  In the case of electrical cables that require a predetermined mutual distance, the cables are covered with modular filling elements starting from the cable located in the center of the opening and going to the outermost cable. Thereafter, the work is completed by filling the outer peripheral area that remains free between the edge of the opening and the cable.

  In the case of a bundled electrical cable, a modular filling element is filled to close the open area between the edge of the opening and the bundle. When the opening is completely plugged, the plug is coated with a non-flammable and resilient sealing material, for example made of a single piece of fiber substrate, which can be easily applied by spatula or extrusion. The application of the sealing material starts around the pipes, pipes, bus lines and the central electric cable, gradually goes to the outer peripheral area and reaches the partition wall. In the case of so-called “standard” systems, the sealant is applied symmetrically on both sides of the intersection area, and in the case of so-called “single-sided” systems, the sealant is applied from one side while keeping the overall thickness of the application to a minimum. Applied.

  The equality of the two configurations has been demonstrated by performing standard fireproof experiments provided by SOLAS.

  A “one-sided” system is particularly beneficial when it is difficult to access one side of both sides of a bulkhead on a ship that requires application

  The tubes, conduits, bus lines and electrical cables have large dimensions, for example of a diameter of 52 mm or more, and are optionally covered with a sealing material over a length of 100 mm on both sides of the closure system.

  The thickness of the layer of sealing material has, for reference, the width of the modular element and is applied on the modular element with a minimum thickness of 10 mm for the “standard” system and 20 mm for the “one side” system. Is the minimum thickness.

  A thickness of several millimeters is sufficient for the covering of large-sized pipes, pipelines, bus lines and electrical cables with a sealing material.

  In the case of the appropriate next improvement of pipes, pipelines, bus lines and electrical cables passing through openings, new pipes, pipelines, bus lines and electrical cables can be obtained by drilling holes in the sealing material that has solidified over time. Then, the sealant is placed in the opening still open by the spatula, and everything is repaired.

  With the provision of a closure system according to the present invention, it is possible to leave additional holes open to allow subsequent unexpected passage, but the holes are closed when not in use.

1 is a cross-sectional front view of a tube and electrical cable passage closure system according to the present invention showing a preparatory stage; It is a cross-sectional view along the II-II plane of FIG. FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the completed closure system for the tube and electrical cable passages, similar to FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view along the IV-IV plane of FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a further closure system for pipe and electrical cable passages according to the invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the VI-VI plane in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of a further closure system of a bus line passage according to the invention. It is a cross-sectional view along the VIII-VIII plane of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a further closure system for electrical cables, pipes and conduit passages on steel and light alloy structures according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a further closure system for electrical cables, pipes and conduit passages on watertight steel and light alloy structures according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of a completed closure system for a non-metallic tube passage similar to FIG. 1. It is a cross-sectional view along the XII-XII plane of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the insertion step of a nonmetallic tube. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the completed closure system, similar to FIG. 11.

  Further features and advantages will become more apparent from the description of the preferred but non-limiting embodiments of the invention, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings.

  In the various drawings, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  The opening 15 is plugged by filling the vacant gap in the passage between the tube and / or the conduit 19 and the bus line 22 with the modular filling element 12.

  A modular filling element 12 is wrapped around the cable 20 and is cut or folded to the appropriate length by hand.

  After all the cables have been covered starting from the central cable, the outer peripheral area that remains free between the edge of the cable 20 and the opening 15 is filled with a modular filling element, also indicated at 12 in this position. To complete the work.

  In a particular case, the modular filling element 12 consists of a strip of self-extinguishing polyurethane, known as the trade name “MODULI DI RIEMPIMENTO FR”, in the dimensions of a strip having a thickness of 30 mm, a width of 40 mm and a length of 1 m. Material is used. The thickness of 30 mm and the density of the material ensure a minimum required distance, even when pressurized, when the strip is installed.

  A constant width of 40 mm ensures a minimum plug thickness. The sealing material 13 is applied to both sides of the modular filling element 12 for the cable 20, the pipe and pipe line 19, and the bus line 22. In the example shown, a nonflammable and resilient sealing material 13 known as the trade name “Navycross” is used.

  The thickness of the layer of sealing material 13 is 10 mm on each side, providing a complete closure of the plug and providing adequate mechanical strength, and thus is added to the width 40 mm of the filling element 12, The thickness is 60 mm.

  The total thickness of the closure device reaches 60 mm even in the case of a “single-sided” system, where 10 mm sealing material + 40 mm filling module + 10 mm sealing material in the “standard” system becomes 40 mm filling module + 20 mm sealing material. Replaced.

  In order to secure the necessary fire resistance for 60 minutes when plugging the intersection of the non-metallic pipes excluding the reinforcing fiber glass, indicated by reference numeral 23 in FIGS. It is applied to both sides of the septum so as to completely cover the entire length.

  This fact provides assurance that the standards will be adhered to. This is because the approval of ship registration is related to the thickness of the material used and the compliance with the corresponding assembly system.

  In addition, as shown in more detail in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 8, large sized tubes, conduits and cables having a diameter of 52 mm or more are also about 100 mm long in addition to the thickness of the closure system. Is covered with a similar non-flammable and resilient sealant 13 having a thickness of about 3 mm.

  The above configuration is provided beside a bulkhead that is unaffected by flames in order to comply with the SOLAS standard for the maximum allowable test temperature that must not be exceeded in a fire test.

  The provisions according to the illustrated example provide a closed system that restores the continuity of the characteristics of the underwater and A60 bulkhead.

  The use of a closed system under the head of water requires a surface treatment of the sealing material with a waterproof material 30, as schematically shown in FIG.

  Indeed, it has been found that the present invention achieves its intended purpose.

  The present invention claims the priority of the Italian patent application GE2011A000010 filed on February 1, 2011, the contents of which are incorporated by reference.

12 Modular filling element 13 Sealing material 15 Opening 19 Pipe, pipe 20 Cable 22 Bus line 23 Non-metallic pipe 24 鍔 30 Waterproofing material

Claims (8)

A closure system for closing openings of pipes, pipelines, bus lines and electrical cable passages through the bulkhead of the ship,
A closure system characterized in that the vacant opening is plugged with a modular filling element, and the plug is covered with a non-flammable and resilient sealing material.   A non-flammable and resilient sealant is used on one or both sides of the closure to lay large sized tubes, conduits, bus lines and electrical cables having a diameter of, for example, 52 mm or more, about 3 mm thick over a length of about 100 mm. The closure system according to claim 1, wherein the closure system is covered.   The closure system according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-flammable and resilient sealing material is made of a material known under the trade name "Navycross".   The closure system according to claim 1, characterized in that the modular filling element comprises a strip of self-extinguishing polyurethane foam, mineral wool or the like having a preset width.   The closure system according to claim 1, wherein the modular filling element is made of a material known under the trade name “Moduli di rimimento FR”.   The closure system of claim 1, wherein the non-flammable and resilient sealant comprises a single component fiber substrate.   The modular filling element has a thickness of 30 mm, a width of 40 mm and a length of 1 m, and the thickness of the non-flammable and resilient sealing material is 10 mm on each side, so that the total thickness of the closure system The closure system according to claim 1, wherein the length is 60 mm. By filling the vacant opening of the passage with a modular filling element starting from the outer peripheral area of the passage, the pipes, pipelines and bus lines are plugged and then left open between the pipes, pipelines and bus lines The work is completed by filling the central region of the modular filling element, while for the electrical cable passage, the cable is connected from the cable located in the center of the opening to the cable located at the outermost periphery The filling is done by covering with, and then the work is completed by filling the outer peripheral area left open between the edge of the opening and the cable with a modular filling element,
After the opening has been completely plugged, it starts from around the central tube, conduit, bus line and electrical cable and gradually goes to the outer wall to reach the bulkhead and is applied by a spatula or extrusion to create a non-flammable, resilient Covered with a sealing material,
For example, large sized pipes, conduits, bus lines and electrical cables having a diameter of 52 mm or more are approximately 3 mm thick over one 100 mm length on one or both sides of the closure system and are non-flammable and resilient sealing Covered with material,
The closure system according to claim 1.

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