JP2012151001A - Switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a switch in which damage to a contact piece caused by arc ignition is suppressed, and which has improved switching characteristics.SOLUTION: Electrode parts which are brought into contact with and separated from each other includes a fixed-side electrode part 1a and a movable-side electrode part 1b arranged opposite to the fixed-side electrode part 1a. The movable-side electrode part 1b has a movable-side electrode shaft 11 which is freely movable and coupled to an operation mechanism. The fixed-side electrode part 1a comprises: a fixed-side electrode shaft 4 whose tip end is brought into contact with and separated from a tip end of the movable-side electrode shaft 11, and which moves only for a predetermined distance; an electrode pushing spring 9 which is biased so as to push the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 toward the movable-side electrode shaft 11; and a conductive contact piece 7 which is arranged on an outer periphery of the fixed-side electrode shaft 4, and which is brought into contact with and separated from an outer peripheral side surface of the movable-side electrode shaft 11.

Description

  Embodiments of the present invention relate to a switch that can improve the switching characteristics of a switch such as a disconnect switch or a load switch.

  Conventionally, the disconnecting switch in this type of switch has a relatively simple structure because it is not responsible for interrupting a large current unlike a circuit breaker. However, although the current is smaller than that of the circuit breaker, there are cases where the duty to open and close a loop current or a charging current of several thousand A is imposed. In such a case, it is known to improve the arc extinguishing capability by generating a magnetic field to drive an arc or enclosing SF6 gas (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-84717 A

The above conventional switch has the following problems.
In the case of driving the arc, although the wear and damage of the contacts and electrodes can be suppressed, the electrode structure becomes complicated to control the current path, and the assembly work is difficult. In addition, in the case of using SF6 gas, it is possible to reduce the size due to excellent insulation performance, but it has to be strictly controlled so as not to be released into the atmosphere. For this reason, there has been a demand for an apparatus that can suppress an increase in size even when using an insulating gas such as dry air that exists in the atmosphere, which can be easily managed, and that can improve damage to the contacts and improve the open / close characteristics.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a switch that uses an insulating gas that is in harmony with the environment and has improved switching characteristics.

  In order to achieve the above object, a switch according to an embodiment includes a fixed-side electrode portion and a movable-side electrode portion arranged to face the fixed-electrode portion, and the movable-side electrode portion is connected to an operation mechanism. The movable side electrode shaft is movable, and the fixed side electrode portion is connected to and away from the distal end of the movable side electrode shaft and moved by a predetermined distance, and the fixed side electrode shaft An electrode pushing spring biased so as to push the movable side electrode shaft toward the movable side electrode electrode, and an energizing contact which is disposed on the outer periphery of the fixed side electrode shaft and contacts and separates from the outer peripheral side surface of the movable side electrode shaft It is characterized by having.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an essential part cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Sectional drawing explaining operation | movement of the switch concerning Example 1 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the principal part which shows the structure of the switch concerning Example 2 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the principal part which shows the structure of the switch concerning Example 3 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the principal part which shows the structure of the switch concerning Example 4 of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing the configuration of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, each figure has shown the main structure of the switch with the continuous line, and the incidental structure is shown with the dashed-two dotted line.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the switch is composed of a fixed side electrode portion 1a in the upper part of the figure and a movable side electrode part 1b in the lower part of the figure that is arranged opposite to the axial direction of the fixed side electrode part 1a. Is provided in a cylindrical insulating container 2 indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  An annular fixed-side conductor 3 serving as one electric circuit is fixed to one end of the insulating container 2 in the fixed-side electrode portion 1a. A fixed-side electrode shaft 4 that is movable by a predetermined distance in the axial direction passes through the center opening hole of the fixed-side conductor 3 through an annular contact 5. A cylindrical contact base 6 through which the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 passes is fixed to the fixed-side conductor 3. A plurality of finger-shaped contacts 7 are annularly provided at the outer peripheral tip of the contact base 6.

  A spring receiving plate 8 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the fixed side electrode shaft 4. Between the spring receiving plate 8 and the fixed-side conductor 3, there is provided an electrode push-out spring 9 biased so as to push the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 toward the movable electrode portion 1b in the downward direction in the figure. On the outer periphery of the finger-shaped contact 7, a cylindrical fixed-side shield 10 indicated by a two-dot chain line fixed to the contact base 6 is provided.

  The movable side electrode portion 1b is provided with a movable side electrode shaft 11 whose tip serving as the other electric circuit is fixed to the fixed side electrode shaft 4 and whose outer side surface is in contact with and separated from the finger-shaped contact 7. The movable electrode shaft 11 movably passes through the other end of the insulating container 2 and is connected to an operation mechanism (not shown). On the outer periphery of the movable side electrode shaft 11, a cylindrical movable side shield 12 indicated by a two-dot chain line fixed to the insulating container 2 side is provided. An insulating gas 13 existing in the atmosphere such as dry air, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas is enclosed in the insulating container 2. This is called an environmentally compatible gas.

  Here, FIG. 1 shows an open circuit state of the switch, and the distal end of the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 protrudes from the distal end of the finger-shaped contact 7. Let this distance be A. Further, when the outer diameter of the fixed electrode shaft 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the finger-shaped contact 7 and the distance (radius) from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface is B, A <B. The inner diameter of the finger-shaped contact 7 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the movable electrode shaft 11, and the finger-shaped contact 7 spreads and a contact pressure is applied at the time of contact.

  Next, operations of the fixed electrode shaft 4 and the movable electrode shaft 11 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2A shows a closed state, in which the outer peripheral side surface of the movable electrode shaft 11 and the finger-shaped contact 7 are in contact with each other, and the main current is energized. Part of the energization is also performed between the tip of the movable electrode shaft 11 and the tip of the fixed electrode shaft 4. When the circuit is opened, as shown in FIG. 2B, the movable electrode shaft 11 is moved downward in the drawing. Then, the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 is also moved downward in the figure by the spring force of the electrode push-out spring 9. Even if the movable electrode shaft 11 is separated from the finger-shaped contact 7, the tip of the movable electrode shaft 11 is in contact with the tip of the fixed electrode shaft 4.

  When the movable electrode shaft 11 is further moved downward in the figure, the fixed electrode shaft 4 protrudes from the finger-shaped contact 7 by a distance A and stops, and the distal ends of the fixed electrode shaft 4 and the movable electrode shaft 11 are moved. An arc occurs between them. Although the arc is generated between the tips of the electrode shafts 4 and 11, since A <B, the spread of the arc toward the finger-shaped contact 7 is suppressed. When the movable electrode shaft 11 is further moved downward in the figure, the arc between the tips of the electrode shafts 4 and 11 disappears, and the open circuit state shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

  When the circuit is closed, first, the tips of the movable electrode shaft 11 and the fixed electrode shaft 4 are in contact with each other, and then the outer peripheral side surface of the movable electrode shaft 11 is in contact with the finger-shaped contact 7. For this reason, the pre-arc occurs between the electrode shafts 4 and 11 and does not occur in the finger-type contact 7.

  Thus, the damage of the finger-shaped contact 7 by an arc can be suppressed at the time of an open circuit and a closed circuit. When the finger-shaped contact 7 is damaged, the electric field strength increases, and as a result, the arc extinguishing performance decreases. In addition, since the insulating gas 13 exists in air | atmosphere, management is easy.

  According to the switch of the first embodiment, the fixed side electrode shaft 4 that moves by a predetermined distance following the movement of the movable side electrode shaft 11 is provided at the time of opening and closing, so that the arc is movable with the fixed side electrode shaft 4. It is possible to control between the tips of the side electrode shafts 11 and improve the open / close characteristics.

  In the first embodiment, the finger-shaped contact 7 in which the contacts of the fixed-side electrode portion 1a are formed in an annular shape has been described. However, a plurality of leaf springs may be formed in an annular shape, and these may be used as other contacts. In order to distinguish from the (annular contact 5), it is referred to as an energizing contact that contacts and separates from the movable side.

  Next, a switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the configuration of the switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that an insulating coating is provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the fixed electrode shaft. In FIG. 3, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an insulating coating 14 is provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 between the spring receiving plate 8 and the tip. The insulating coating 14 uses, for example, a fluorine resin having a heat resistance of about 1 mm in thickness.

  According to the switch of the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent an arc generated during opening / closing from wrapping around the side surface of the fixed-side electrode shaft 4 and further improve the switching characteristics. it can.

  Next, a switch according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the configuration of the switch according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that an arc resistant member is provided at the tip of the electrode shaft. In FIG. 4, the same components as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, arc-resistant members 15 made of, for example, tungsten / copper alloy are provided at the tips of the fixed electrode shaft 4 and the movable electrode shaft 11, respectively. Further, the arc resistant member 15 has a semicircular cross section in which the central portion protrudes. The arc resistant member 15 can be provided with arc resistance by being provided on at least one of the fixed side and the movable side.

  According to the switch of the third embodiment, in addition to the effect of the second embodiment, the arc is first generated in the arc-resistant member 15, so that the switching characteristics can be further improved.

  Next, a switch according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5: is principal part sectional drawing which shows the structure of the switch concerning Example 4 of this invention. The fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that a magnetic body is provided on the electrode shaft. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, magnetic bodies 16 are embedded at the tips of the fixed electrode shaft 4 and the movable electrode shaft 11, respectively. If necessary, an insulating coating may be provided on the surface so that the magnetic body 16 does not ignite. The magnetic body 16 is provided on at least one of the fixed side and the movable side, so that the arc can be diffused and driven.

  According to the switch of the fourth embodiment, in addition to the effects of the third embodiment, the movement of the arc can be controlled by the magnetic body 16 and the switching characteristics can be further improved.

  According to the embodiment as described above, it is possible to improve the switching characteristics such as loop current which is the responsibility of the switch.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Fixed side electrode part 1b Movable side electrode part 2 Insulation container 3 Fixed side conductor 4 Fixed side electrode axis | shaft 5 Annular form contactor 6 Contactor base 7 Finger type contactor 8 Spring receiving plate 9 Electrode pushing spring 10 Fixed side shield 11 Movable Side electrode shaft 12 Movable side shield 13 Insulating gas 14 Insulating coating 15 Arc resistant member 16 Magnetic body

Claims (6)

A fixed-side electrode part;
It is composed of the fixed electrode part and a movable side electrode part arranged oppositely,
The movable electrode portion has a movable movable electrode shaft coupled to an operation mechanism,
The fixed-side electrode portion has a fixed-side electrode shaft that moves by a predetermined distance while the movable-side electrode shaft is in contact with and separated from the tip.
An electrode push spring biased to push the fixed electrode shaft toward the movable electrode shaft;
A switch that is disposed on the outer periphery of the fixed-side electrode shaft and has an energizing contact that contacts and separates from the outer peripheral side surface of the movable-side electrode shaft. In the open circuit state
The switch according to claim 1, wherein a tip of the fixed electrode shaft protrudes toward the movable energizing shaft from the energizing contact. In the open circuit state
The distance to the fixed electrode shaft tip protruding from the energizing contact is A,
When the distance from the inner peripheral surface of the energizing contact to the outer peripheral surface of the fixed electrode shaft is B,
The switch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein A <B.   The switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an insulating coating is provided on an outer periphery of the fixed-side electrode shaft.   The switch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an arc-resistant member is provided on at least one of a tip of the fixed electrode shaft and a tip of the movable electrode shaft.   The switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a magnetic body is provided on at least one of a distal end of the fixed-side electrode shaft and a distal end of the movable-side electrode shaft.

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