JP2012143121A5

JP2012143121A5 -

Info

Publication number: JP2012143121A5
Application number: JP2011010252A
Authority: JP
Filing date: 2011-01-04
Publication date: 2012-10-04

Description

Electrostatic generator

本発明は、静電気発電装置の主要部分であるコンデンサの接続構成を外部エネルギー等で切り換えることでコンデンサの合成容量を減少、変化させて電気エネルギーを得るための静電気発電装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an electrostatic power generation device for obtaining electric energy by reducing and changing the combined capacity of capacitors by switching the connection configuration of the capacitor, which is a main part of the electrostatic power generation device, with external energy or the like.

静電気方式の発電装置等として、波力発電装置及び静電気発電用電極板駆動装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２、特許文献３等参照）が、いづれも非特許文献１に記載の「二要素型発電機」を応用したものであり、コンデンサの静電容量を外部エネルギーで減少、変化させることで電気エネルギーを得ていた。
この静電容量を減少させる方法としてはコンデンサの電極板間の距離を長くする、電極板間の誘電体の誘電率を低くする及び電極板の有効対向面積を小さくする方法等があり、いづれの装置も主に電極板の有効対向面積を小さくする方法等を利用していた。
本発明は特許文献３の静電気発電用電極板駆動装置の課題を改善するために既存製品のコンデンサまたは絶縁体膜被覆陽極電極板を電解質溶液に浸漬させたコンデンサ等を利用した回路を外部エネルギーで「コンデンサの接続構成を換える」ことで静電容量を減少、変化させる方法を用いた静電気発電装置である。
特許第３２４７０２２号公報（波力発電装置）特許第４１１７６１３号公報（静電気発電用電極板駆動装置）特開２０１０−１４２０９９号公報（静電気発電用電極板駆動装置）静電気ハンドブック（ＩＳＢＮ４−２７４−０３５１０−７）オーム社 A wave power generation device and an electrostatic power generation electrode plate driving device are known as electrostatic power generation devices and the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3 and the like). The “two-element generator” described in 1) was applied, and electric energy was obtained by reducing or changing the capacitance of the capacitor with external energy.
As a method of reducing the capacitance, there are a method of increasing the distance between the electrode plates of the capacitor, a method of reducing the dielectric constant of the dielectric between the electrode plates, and a method of reducing the effective opposing area of the electrode plates. The apparatus mainly uses a method of reducing the effective opposing area of the electrode plate.
In order to improve the problem of the electrode plate driving apparatus for electrostatic power generation of Patent Document 3, the present invention uses a circuit using an external product capacitor or a capacitor in which an insulator film-coated anode electrode plate is immersed in an electrolyte solution with external energy. This is an electrostatic power generator using a method of reducing or changing the capacitance by "changing the connection configuration of the capacitor".
Japanese Patent No. 3247022 (wave power generator) Japanese Patent No. 4117613 (Electrostatic plate generator for electrostatic power generation) JP 2010-142199 A (Electrode plate driving device for electrostatic power generation) Electrostatic Handbook (ISBN4-274-03510-7) Ohm Company

特許文献３の静電気発電用電極板駆動装置は、陰極電極板を回転さることでコンデンサの接続構成を変化させてコンデンサの合成容量を変化させることを特徴としているが、次のような問題点があった。
（１）陽極電極板を絶縁体膜で被覆する特殊な工程が必要があり、また、絶縁体膜が破損される等の問題があり、技術的、取扱上及びコスト的にも問題があった。
（２）電極板を水槽の電解質溶液の中で回転させる必要があり、装置の小型化、設置、運用等に困難があった。 The electrode plate driving device for electrostatic power generation of Patent Document 3 is characterized in that the combined configuration of the capacitors is changed by changing the connection configuration of the capacitors by rotating the cathode electrode plate. there were.
(1) A special process for coating the anode electrode plate with an insulator film is necessary, and there are problems such as damage to the insulator film, which is also problematic in terms of technology, handling, and cost. .
(2) It was necessary to rotate the electrode plate in the electrolyte solution of the water tank, and there were difficulties in downsizing, installation, operation, etc. of the apparatus.

前記問題点を解決するために陰極電極板を水槽の電解質溶液中で回転する方法に代え、静電気方式の発電装置の主要部分であるコンデンサの接続構成を変化させることでコンデンサの合成容量を変化させることを特徴とする静電気発電装置に関するもので、第１発明の静電気発電装置は、
コンデンサに充放電回路を接続して充電したコンデンサの容量を外部エネルギー等で減少させることにより電気エネルギーを得る静電気発電装置であって、前記コンデンサを単数または複数個のコンデンサを並列に接続して構成する二組のコンデンサ群で構成し、両コンデンサ群の構成を外部エネルギー等で切り換えることにより、一方のコンデンサ群のみ、または両コンデンサ群を直列接続とすることでコンデンサ群の接続構成を換え、よってコンデンサの合成容量を減少、変化させることを特徴とする。 Instead of rotating the cathode electrode plate in the electrolyte solution of the water tank in order to solve the above problem, the combined capacity of the capacitor is changed by changing the connection configuration of the capacitor, which is the main part of the electrostatic power generator. The electrostatic power generator of the first invention is characterized in that
An electrostatic power generation device that obtains electrical energy by reducing the capacity of a charged capacitor by connecting a charge / discharge circuit to the capacitor by external energy or the like, wherein the capacitor is configured by connecting one or a plurality of capacitors in parallel By switching the configuration of both capacitor groups with external energy or the like, the connection configuration of the capacitor groups can be changed by connecting only one capacitor group or connecting both capacitor groups in series. It is characterized in that the combined capacity of the capacitor is reduced or changed.

静電気発電装置を図１、図２及び図３のように構成した場合、まず、切換スイッチが充電回路の陽極側に切り換わるとコンデンサの構成は一方のコンデンサ群のみとなり、充電回路の直流電源により一方のコンデンサ群に静電エネルギーが蓄積される。
この状態で切替スイッチが他方のコンデンサ群の陰極側に切り換わるとコンデンサは一方のコンデンサ群と他方のコンデンサ群の直列接続となる。
直列接続の複合コンデンサの合成容量はＣ＝（Ｃａ×Ｃｂ）／（Ｃａ＋Ｃｂ）となり、合成容量が減少する。このとき電荷は一定であるので複合コンデンサに蓄積されている静電エネルギーは増加し、増加した静電エネルギーは放電回路側に供給される。
次に切換スイッチが充電回路の陽極側に切り換わるとコンデンサは一方のコンデンサ群のみとなり、容量は元の合成容量となる。充電回路の直流電源により一方のコンデンサ群に静電エネルギーが蓄積される。
上記サイクルの繰り返しにより、放電回路に電気エネルギーが得られる。 When the electrostatic generator is configured as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 , first, when the changeover switch is switched to the anode side of the charging circuit, the capacitor configuration is only one capacitor group, and the DC power source of the charging circuit is used. Electrostatic energy is accumulated in one capacitor group.
In this state, when the changeover switch is switched to the cathode side of the other capacitor group, the capacitor is connected in series with one capacitor group and the other capacitor group.
The composite capacity of the series-connected composite capacitors is C = (Ca × Cb) / (Ca + Cb), and the composite capacity decreases. At this time, since the electric charge is constant, the electrostatic energy accumulated in the composite capacitor increases, and the increased electrostatic energy is supplied to the discharge circuit side.
Next, when the changeover switch is switched to the anode side of the charging circuit, the capacitor becomes only one capacitor group, and the capacity becomes the original combined capacity. Electrostatic energy is accumulated in one capacitor group by the DC power supply of the charging circuit.
By repeating the above cycle, electric energy is obtained in the discharge circuit.

以上のように、第１発明によれば外部エネルギーを利用した切換スイッチでコンデンサ群の接続構成を換えることにより、次の効果が得られる。
（１）コンデンサ群の合成容量を最大と最小に変化させることができる。
（２）既存製品のコンデンサ等の利用が可能で装置の簡略化や小型化が可能である。
（３）切替スイッチを駆動させるための駆動力は如何なる外部エネルギー源にも対応が可能で、かつ、大型の陽極電極板を回転させる場合に比較して、極めて小さい駆動力での駆動が可能である。
（４）陽極電極板や陰極電極板を水槽の電解質溶液の中で回転させる等の必要がない。 As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by changing the connection configuration of the capacitor group with the changeover switch using external energy .
(1) The combined capacity of the capacitor group can be changed to the maximum and the minimum .
(2) Capacitors and the like of existing products can be used, and the device can be simplified and downsized.
(3) The driving force for driving the changeover switch can be applied to any external energy source, and can be driven with an extremely small driving force as compared with the case of rotating a large anode electrode plate. is there.
(4) There is no need to rotate the anode electrode plate or the cathode electrode plate in the electrolyte solution of the water tank.

本発明の静電気発電装置は、発電に際し化石燃料、核燃料等を一切使用せず有害物を一切排出しない。このため、従来の火力発電や原子力発電に比べ、極めて安全、効率的、かつ、クリーンな発電装置である。
また、太陽光、風力発電等の特徴である発電出力の不安定や広大な用地及び高いコストさらに騒音、景観を損なう等の負の要因は皆無である。
一方、本装置は既存製品のコンデンサや絶縁体膜被覆コンデンサの利用が可能で装置の構造が単純で製造、設置が容易であり安価で故障等が少なく、保守性、稼働率が高いため発電コストが低く、総合的な運用効率が極めて高い発電装置である。 The electrostatic power generation apparatus of the present invention does not use any fossil fuel, nuclear fuel, or the like during power generation and does not discharge any harmful substances. For this reason, compared with the conventional thermal power generation and nuclear power generation, it is an extremely safe, efficient, and clean power generation device.
In addition, there are no negative factors such as instability of power generation output, vast land, high cost, noise, and damage to the landscape, which are characteristics of solar power and wind power generation.
On the other hand, this equipment can be used with existing products and insulation film-covered capacitors, and the structure of the equipment is simple, easy to manufacture and install, low cost, few failures, etc. This is a power generation device with a low overall operation efficiency.

本発明の実施例を図面（図１、図２及び図３）に基づいて説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) .

以下、第１発明の静電気発電装置について説明する。
（１）コンデンサ１複数個を並列に接続して一方のコンデンサ群Ｃａとし、同様にコンデンサ１を単数又は複数個を並列に接続（単数でもよい）して他方のコンデンサ群Ｃｂとするとともに、一方のコンデンサ群Ｃａと他方のコンデンサ群Ｃｂを切換スイッチ２で直列接続してコンデンサ群Ｃとする。
（２）一方のコンデンサ群陽極Ｃａ＋側を切換スイッチ２を経由して入力端子ａに接続するとともに一方のコンデンサ群陰極Ｃａ−側を入力端子ａ’及び出力端子ｂ’に接続する。
（３）他方のコンデンサ群陰極Ｃｂ−側を切換スイッチ２を経由して一方のコンデンサ群陽極Ｃａ＋側に接続するとともに他方のコンデンサ群陽極Ｃｂ＋側を出力端子ｂに接続する。
（４）入力端子ａ及び入力端子ａ’間に第１直流電源Ｖａ（充電回路３）を接続するとともに、出力端子ｂ及び出力端子ｂ’間には第１直流電源Ｖａの電圧より約２倍程度高い第２直流電源Ｖｂ（放電回路４）を接続する。
（５）切換スイッチ２は充電・放電に必要十分な時間を経過してから切り換える。
（６）負荷５は、出力端子ｂ、ｂ’間に接続する。
（７）切換スイッチ２に一方のコンデンサ群陽極Ｃａ＋側から入力端子ａ側と他方のコンデンサ群陰極Ｃｂ−側とを切り換えるために自然エネルギーまたは他のエネルギー等の外部エネルギーで駆動する駆動機構６を取り付ける。
以上から構成される静電気発電装置。Hereinafter, the electrostatic power generator of the first invention will be described.
(1) A plurality of capacitors 1 are connected in parallel to form one capacitor group Ca. Similarly, a single capacitor or a plurality of capacitors 1 may be connected in parallel (or a single capacitor) to form the other capacitor group Cb. The capacitor group Ca and the other capacitor group Cb are connected in series by the changeover switch 2 to form a capacitor group C.
(2) One capacitor group anode Ca + side is connected to the input terminal a via the changeover switch 2 and one capacitor group cathode Ca− side is connected to the input terminal a ′ and the output terminal b ′.
(3) The other capacitor group cathode Cb− side is connected to one capacitor group anode Ca + side via the changeover switch 2 and the other capacitor group anode Cb + side is connected to the output terminal b.
(4) The first DC power supply Va (charging circuit 3) is connected between the input terminal a and the input terminal a ′, and the voltage between the output terminal b and the output terminal b ′ is about twice the voltage of the first DC power supply Va. A second DC power supply Vb (discharge circuit 4) having a relatively high level is connected.
(5) The changeover switch 2 is switched after a sufficient time required for charging / discharging has elapsed.
(6) The load 5 is connected between the output terminals b and b ′.
(7) A drive mechanism 6 that is driven by external energy such as natural energy or other energy in order to switch the switch 2 from one capacitor group anode Ca + side to the input terminal a side and the other capacitor group cathode Cb− side. Install.
An electrostatic power generator composed of the above.

また、図３に示すように一方のコンデンサ群Ｃａを、通常の電極板７（陰極電極板８）と通常の電極板７の表面を比誘電率が電解質溶液９の成分の比誘電率より大きい絶縁体膜１０で、かつ、μｍオーダの厚さに被覆処理された絶縁体膜被覆電極板１１を電気的に並列に接続し、スペーサ１２で挟んで並列に並べてコンデンサＣａの他方の電極（陽極電極板群１３）とし、陰極電極板８とともに水槽１４に満たした電解質溶液９に浸漬、固定させて成るコンデンサを使用することも可能である。In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the relative permittivity of one capacitor group Ca between the normal electrode plate 7 (cathode electrode plate 8) and the surface of the normal electrode plate 7 is larger than the relative permittivity of the components of the electrolyte solution 9. The insulating film-coated electrode plates 11 coated with the insulating film 10 and having a thickness of the order of μm are electrically connected in parallel, arranged in parallel with the spacer 12 interposed therebetween, and the other electrode (anode) of the capacitor Ca As the electrode plate group 13), it is also possible to use a capacitor formed by being immersed and fixed in the electrolyte solution 9 filled in the water tank 14 together with the cathode electrode plate 8.

本発明は以上のような構造で、自然エネルギー等の外部エネルギーの駆動力を利用した駆動機構で切換スイッチを駆動させてコンデンサ群の合成容量を最大と最小に変化させることで、安定、かつ、高効率の発電出力を得ることができる。The present invention is structured as described above, by driving the changeover switch with a drive mechanism that uses the driving force of external energy such as natural energy to change the combined capacity of the capacitor group to the maximum and minimum, stable, and Highly efficient power generation output can be obtained.

Industrial applicability

本静電気発電装置は、発電に際し核燃料、化石燃料等を一切消費しない、よって、有害な排出物を一切出さない極めてクリーン、安全な静電気発電装置であり、切換スイッチの駆動力源はあらゆる自然エネルギーまたはその他の外部エネルギーに対応して利用することができる。本装置は、他の各種の発電装置とともに産業上の利用の可能This electrostatic power generator is an extremely clean and safe electrostatic power generator that does not consume any nuclear fuel, fossil fuel, etc. during power generation, and thus does not emit any harmful emissions. It can be used in response to other external energy. This device can be used industrially along with various other power generation devices. 性は高いものがある。There is a thing with high nature.

実施例１の静電気発電装置の基本回路図Basic circuit diagram of electrostatic generator of embodiment 1 実施例１の既存製品のコンデンサを利用した静電気発電装置の回路図Circuit diagram of electrostatic power generator using capacitor of existing product of Example 1 実施例１の絶縁体膜被覆型のコンデンサを利用した静電気発電装置の回路図Circuit diagram of electrostatic power generation device using insulator film-coated capacitor of Example 1

１コンデンサ２切換スイッチ３充電回路４放電回路
５負荷６駆動機構７電極板８陰極電極板
９電解質溶液１０絶縁体膜１１絶縁体膜被覆電極板１２スペーサ
１３陽極電極板群１４水槽
ａ、ａ’入力端子ｂ、ｂ’出力端子Ｃコンデンサ群
Ｃａ一方のコンデンサ群Ｃａ＋一方のコンデンサ群陽極Ｃａ− 一方のコンデンサ群陰極
Ｃｂ他方のコンデンサ群Ｃｂ＋他方のコンデンサ群陽極Ｃｂ− 他方のコンデンサ群陰極
Ｖａ第１直流電源Ｖｂ第２直流電源1 Capacitor 2 Changeover Switch 3 Charging Circuit 4 Discharging Circuit 5 Load 6 Drive Mechanism 7 Electrode Plate 8 Cathode Electrode Plate
9 Electrolyte Solution 10 Insulator Film 11 Insulator Film Covered Electrode Plate 12 Spacer
13 Anode electrode plate group 14 Water tank a, a ′ input terminal b, b ′ output terminal C Capacitor group Ca One capacitor group Ca + One capacitor group Anode Ca− One capacitor group Cathode Cb The other capacitor group Cb + The other capacitor group Anode Cb− Other capacitor group cathode Va First DC power supply Vb Second DC power supply

Claims

An electrostatic power generation device that obtains electrical energy by reducing the capacity of a charged capacitor by connecting a charge / discharge circuit to the capacitor by external energy or the like, wherein the capacitor is configured by connecting one or a plurality of capacitors in parallel By switching the configuration of both capacitor groups with external energy or the like, the connection configuration of the capacitor groups can be changed by connecting only one capacitor group or connecting both capacitor groups in series. An electrostatic power generator characterized in that the combined capacity of the capacitor is reduced or changed.