JP2012142200A - Rotary switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary switch capable of opening/closing of a direct heavy current which tends to generate an arc.SOLUTION: The rotary switch comprises: a rotor 4 which is an axis of rotation; a movable contact piece 5 protruding from the side face of the rotor 4 while being arranged in the rotation direction of the rotor, having an allowance; an operation unit 10 loosely fitted, having an allowance in the rotary direction of the rotor 4; a case 8 in which a fixed contact 8a is arranged; and a housing 9 fitted to the case 8. A changeover mechanism composed of a guide part 8b and elastic members 6 and 7 is provided in the rotor 4 and the case 8. In this mechanism, an elastic part 5b to energize the movable contact piece 5 in the direction where a movable contact 5a formed in the movable contact piece 5 and the fixed contact 8a are contacted is formed on at least one of the movable contact piece 5 and the rotor 4, therefore the rotor 4 is arranged rotatably to the case 8.

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary switch.

  A conventional rotary switch is a rotary switch (see Patent Document 1 below) that opens and closes an electric circuit by moving a fixed contact piece arranged on the inner bottom surface of a base and a movable contact piece that rotates as the rotor rotates. The rotary shaft is provided with a cam part, and the movable spring is elastically deformed by the cam part to open and close between the movable contact and the fixed contact (see Patent Document 2 below), or a small rotary switch that can open and close a large current. There was a switch (see Patent Document 3 below).

JP 2005-322478 A JP-A-4-98725 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-142824

  However, in the above-described conventional rotary switch, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is mainly used for signal setting and the like, and is suitable for switching a very small current, so that a large current cannot be opened and closed. Although the above Patent Document 2 has a structure that provides a certain degree of moderation with a light operating force even when the breaking current rating is large, it is difficult to eliminate the arc because the contact gap between the fixed contact and the movable contact is narrow. Yes, Patent Document 3 has a structure that can open and close a large current. However, the switching speed between the contacts depends to some extent on the operating speed of the operating section. There is a risk that the arc will continue for a long time and a high temperature may occur, causing contact damage or ignition, and none of the rotary switches are suitable for opening and closing a large DC current that easily generates an arc.

  In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary switch capable of opening and closing a large DC current that is likely to generate an arc.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] In a rotary switch that opens and closes an electric circuit by opening and closing a contact point in accordance with a rotation operation of an operation unit, the rotor (4) serving as a rotation axis and a side surface of the rotor (4) A movable contact piece (5) disposed with play in the rotation direction of the rotor (4), and an operation section (10) loosely fitted with play in the rotation direction of the rotor (4). And a case (8) provided with a fixed contact (8a), and a housing (9) fitted to the case (8). The rotor (4) and the case (8) are provided with guide portions ( 8b) and a switching moderation mechanism composed of elastic members (6, 7) are disposed, and are formed on the movable contact piece (5) on at least one of the movable contact piece (5) and the rotor (4). One in which the movable contact (5a) contacts the fixed contact (8a) Wherein the elastic portion for urging the movable contact piece (5) (5b) is formed, characterized in that arranged the rotor (4) rotatably the case (8).
[2] The rotary switch according to [1], wherein a magnet (21) is disposed in the case (18).

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
(1) Because the play of the operation part, the switching moderation mechanism, the play of the movable contact piece, and the elastic part have a structure in which the opening / closing speed between the contacts does not depend on the operation speed of the operation part, the arc is surely erased when the contact is separated In addition, arcing can be suppressed during contact between the contacts.
(2) By disposing the movable contact piece so as to protrude from the side surface of the rotor, the operation direction and the opening / closing direction between the contacts are the same direction, so the contact gap between the movable contact and the fixed contact can be widened. .
(3) Since the contact gap between the movable contact and the fixed contact can be widened, the arc can be reliably erased.
(4) Since the movable contact piece is arranged so as to protrude from the side surface of the rotor, the operation direction and the opening / closing direction between the contacts are the same direction, so even when the fixed contact and the movable contact are welded, The contact can be forcibly separated by operation.
(5) The contact pressure between the contacts can be maintained until a certain operation amount is exceeded by the biasing of the elastic portion.
(6) Since the operation part is a separate part from the rotor, electric shock can be prevented.
(7) The arc erasing performance can be further improved by disposing a magnet.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the rotary switch showing 1st Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the rotary switch showing 1st Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the rotary switch showing 1st Example of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the rotary switch showing 2nd Example of this invention.

  The rotary switch according to the present invention is a rotary switch that opens and closes an electric circuit by opening and closing a contact point in accordance with a rotation operation of an operation unit, and protrudes from a rotor as a rotation axis, a side surface of the rotor, and the rotor A movable contact piece provided with play in the rotation direction, an operation part loosely fitted with play in the rotation direction of the rotor, a case provided with a fixed contact, and the case A switching moderation mechanism including a guide portion and an elastic member is disposed on the rotor and the case, and is formed on the movable contact piece on at least one of the movable contact piece or the rotor. An elastic portion for biasing the movable contact piece is formed in a direction in which the movable contact and the fixed contact are in contact with each other, and the rotor is rotatably disposed on the case.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a rotary switch representing the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rotary switch representing the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a rotary representing the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A shows the operation of the switch, FIG. 3A shows the operation of the movable contact piece, FIG. 3B shows the operation of the switching mode mechanism, and FIG. 3C shows the operation of the operation unit. (S1 to S6) are synchronized.

  In these drawings, 1 is a rotor middle step portion, 2 is a rotor lower step portion, 3 is a rotor upper step portion, 4 is a rotor composed of a rotor middle step portion 1, a rotor lower step portion 2 and a rotor upper step portion 3, and 5 is a movable contact piece. , 6 is a coil spring, 7 is a sliding rod, 8 is a case, 9 is a housing, and 10 is an operation part that is loosely fitted to the rotor upper stage 3. The rotor middle step 1 has a recess 1a for allowing the movable contact piece 5 to move in the rotational direction, a protrusion 1b formed with a fitting hole 1c for fitting with the rotor lower step 2, and the rotor upper step 3 is formed with a projecting piece 1d in which a fitting hole 1e for fitting with 3 is formed. The rotor lower step portion 2 is formed with a fitting recess 2b in which a housing hole 2a for arranging the coil spring 6 and the sliding rod 7 and a fitting protrusion 2c for fitting with the rotor middle step portion 1 are formed. Yes. The rotor upper step portion 3 has a fitting recess portion 3a formed with a fitting projection portion 3b for fitting with the rotor middle step portion 1, a notch portion 3c for loosely fitting the operation portion 10, and a loosely fitted operation portion. A loose fitting groove 3d is formed to enable the ten protrusions 10a to slide in the rotational direction. The movable contact piece 5 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and protrudes from the center of the surface perpendicular to the surface on which the movable contact 5a is formed in the vicinity of both ends, the elastic portion 5b is formed on the same surface as the movable contact 5a, and the movable contact 5a is formed. A pair of rotating shafts 5c is formed. The case 8 has a fixed contact 8 a embedded therein, a sliding portion 7 that slides to provide a switching mode, a guide portion 8 b that guides the rotation of the rotor 4, and a fitting projection for fitting with the housing 9. A portion 8d is formed. The housing 9 has a substantially rectangular tube shape having an upper surface, a through hole 9a for the rotor 4 to protrude on the upper surface, a fitting hole 9b for fitting the case 8 on the side surface, and a plate on a side surface different from the fitting hole 9b. A spring 9c is formed.

  The movable contact piece 5 is disposed in the recess 1a so that one of the rotation shafts 5c is rotatably engaged with a bearing hole (not shown) formed in the center of the recess 1a of the rotor middle step portion 1, and the rotor lower step portion A sliding rod 7 is disposed in the second storage hole 2 a via a coil spring 6. The fitting hole 1c of the rotor middle step 1 and the fitting projection 2c of the rotor lower step 2 and the fitting hole 1e of the rotor middle step 1 and the fitting projection 3b of the rotor upper step 3 are fitted, so that the rotor 4 Composed. At this time, the other rotating shaft 5c of the movable contact piece 5 is rotatably engaged with a bearing hole (not shown) formed in the center of the bottom surface of the rotor upper step portion 3. The bottom surface of the rotor 4 is disposed in the recess 8c of the case 8, the housing 9 is covered with the case 8 so that the upper portion of the rotor 4 protrudes from the through hole 9a, and the fitting protrusion 8d of the case 8 and the housing 9 The fitting hole 9b is fitted. Then, the rotary switch is completed by loosely fitting the protrusion 10a of the operation portion 10 from the notch portion 3c of the rotor upper step portion 3a into the loose fitting groove 3d.

  In the rotary switch of the present invention configured as described above, when the operation unit 10 is rotated in the opening direction of the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a, the protrusion 10a contacts the end of the loose fitting groove 3d, and the rotor 4 Rotates. As the rotor 4 rotates, the sliding rod 7 slides on the guide portion 8b, and when it exceeds a certain operation amount, it is urged in the operating direction (the direction in which the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are separated). At this time, the rotor 4 also rotates depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 10 until a certain operation amount is exceeded, but the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are energized by the elastic portion 5b formed on the movable contact piece 5. Maintains the contact state, the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a start to be separated when a certain amount of operation is exceeded, and does not depend on the operation speed of the operation unit 10, and is constant by the width of the loose fitting groove 3d. Thus, the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are separated. When the operation unit 10 is rotated in the contact direction of the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a, the protrusion 10a contacts the end of the loose fitting groove 3d and the rotor 4 rotates as in the operation in the opening direction. To do. As the rotor 4 rotates, the sliding rod 7 slides on the guide portion 8b, and when it exceeds a certain operation amount, it is biased in the operating direction (contact direction of the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a). At this time, the rotor 4 and the movable contact piece 5 also rotate depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 10 until a certain operation amount is exceeded. However, when the operation amount exceeds the certain operation amount, it depends on the operation speed of the operation unit 10. Instead, the rotor 4 rotates at a constant speed corresponding to the width of the loose fitting groove 3d, and the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a come into contact with each other. As described above, the opening / closing speed of the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a does not depend on the operation speed of the operation unit 10 in the contact interval where the arc is likely to occur (the range in which the contact between the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a is narrow). Even when the operation unit 10 is operated slowly, the rotor 4 rotates at a constant speed, so that the arc can be reliably erased.

  Here, the operation when operated in the direction of separating the contacts of the rotary switch of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 (a) shows the operation of the movable contact piece 5, and FIG. 3 (b) shows the operation of the switching moderation mechanism comprising the coil spring 6, the sliding rod 7 and the guide portion 8b (for convenience, only one side is shown. 3 (c) shows the operation of the operation unit 10. Step S1 is a state in which the contacts are in contact with each other, and Steps S2 to S5 are the directions in which the rotor 4 is rotated in the opening direction between the contacts. Step S6 shows a state where the contacts are completely separated. Steps S1 to S6 are synchronized and show that the rotor 4 is rotated by the same angle. In step S1, the rotor 4 is in a state before rotation, and the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are in contact with each other. Step S2 is a state when the projection 10a is brought into contact with the end of the loose fitting groove 3d and the operation unit 10 is rotated by 15 degrees. As the operation unit 10 rotates, the rotor 4 also rotates, and the sliding rod 7 slides on the guide portion 8 b while compressing the coil spring 6. At this time, the movable contact piece 5 does not rotate by the urging force of the elastic portion 5b, and the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a maintain contact. Step S3 is a state when the operation unit 10 is further rotated by 15 degrees. As the operation unit 10 rotates, the rotor 4 also rotates, and the sliding rod 7 slides on the guide unit 8b while compressing the coil spring 6. To do. The state of step S3 is a state in which the operation unit 10 is operated by a certain operation amount. At this time, similarly to step S2, the movable contact piece 5 does not rotate by the urging force of the elastic portion 5b, and the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a maintain contact. Here, in step S1 to step S3, the contact pressure between the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a is maintained by the urging of the elastic portion 5b. Step S4 is a state when the operation unit 10 exceeds a certain operation amount, and thus the rotor 4 rotates 30 degrees at a constant speed without depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 10. At this time, the movable contact piece 5 comes into contact with the end of the concave portion 1a of the rotor middle step portion 1 and starts rotating, and the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are separated. Step S5 is a state when the rotor 4 is further rotated by 15 degrees. Here, even if the operation unit 10 stops the operation of the operation unit 10 at a position exceeding a certain operation amount, the rotor 4 can rotate by the width of the loose fitting groove 3d, so that at least the state of step S5 Until then, the rotor 4 can rotate at a constant speed without depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 10. Step S6 is a state when the rotor 4 has rotated to a state where the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are completely separated. As shown in steps S4 and S5, when the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a start to be separated, the rotor 4 can rotate at a constant speed without depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 10. The arc can be reliably erased. Although not shown in the drawings, when the operation unit 10 exceeds a certain amount of operation, the rotor is operated in the direction in which the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a are in contact with each other as in the opening direction. Since 4 can be rotated at a constant speed without depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 10, it is possible to suppress the generation of an arc.

  Thus, in the rotary switch shown in this embodiment, the movable contact piece 5 is provided with play in the rotation direction of the rotor 4, and the operation unit 10 is provided with play in the rotation direction of the rotor 4. By loosely fitting and providing the switching moderation mechanism and the elastic portion 5b, the rotor 4 can rotate at a constant speed without depending on the operation speed of the operation portion 10 when the operation portion 10 exceeds a certain operation amount. Therefore, the arc can be surely erased. Further, the elastic portion 5b is biased so that the contact pressure between the movable contact 5a and the fixed contact 8a can be maintained until a certain operation amount is exceeded.

  In this embodiment, the rotor is composed of three parts, but the rotor middle stage part and the rotor lower stage part may be formed by one part and the rotor may be composed of two parts. In addition, the switching moderation mechanism is formed by forming a guide part in the case and arranging a coil spring and a sliding rod in the lower part of the rotor. However, the guide part is formed in the rotor and the coil spring and the sliding bar are arranged in the case. The coil spring and the sliding rod may be other elastic members such as a leaf spring. Moreover, although the elastic part is formed in the movable contact piece, the elastic part may be formed in the rotor. Furthermore, although a pair of fixed contacts are provided to form a single pole, the fixed terminals may be arranged side by side and expanded to have two or more poles, and various methods are conceivable.

  FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a rotary switch representing the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In these drawings, 11 is a rotor middle step portion, 12 is a rotor lower step portion, 13 is a rotor upper step portion, 14 is a rotor composed of the rotor middle step portion 11, the rotor lower step portion 12 and the rotor upper step portion 13, and 15 is a movable contact piece. , 16 is a coil spring, 17 is a sliding rod, 18 is a case, 19 is a housing, 20 is an operating part that is loosely fitted to the rotor upper stage 13, and 21 is a magnet. The rotor middle step 11 has a recess 11a for allowing the movable contact piece 15 to move in the rotational direction, a protrusion 11b formed with a fitting hole 11c for fitting with the rotor lower step 12, and the rotor upper step. A projecting piece 11 d is formed in which a fitting hole 11 e for fitting with 13 is formed. The rotor lower step portion 12 is formed with a fitting recess 12b in which a housing hole 12a for arranging the coil spring 16 and the sliding rod 17 and a fitting convex portion 12c for fitting with the rotor middle step portion 11 are formed. Yes. The rotor upper step portion 13 has a fitting recess 13a in which a fitting projection 13b for fitting with the rotor middle step portion 11 is formed, a notch portion 13c for loosely fitting the operation portion 20, and a loosely fitted operation portion. A loose fitting groove 13d is formed to enable the 20 protrusions 20a to slide in the rotation direction. The movable contact piece 15 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and protrudes from the center of the surface perpendicular to the surface on which the movable contact 15a is formed in the vicinity of both ends, the elastic portion 15b is formed on the same surface as the movable contact 15a, and the movable contact 15a is formed. A pair of rotating shafts 15c is formed. The case 18 has a fixed contact 18 a embedded therein, a sliding portion 17 that slides to provide a switching mode, a guide portion 18 b that guides the rotation of the rotor 14, and a fitting projection for fitting with the housing 19. A portion 18d is formed. The housing 19 has a substantially rectangular tube shape having an upper surface, a through hole 19a for the rotor 14 to protrude on the upper surface, a fitting hole 19b for fitting the case 18 on the side surface, and a plate on a side surface different from the fitting hole 19b. A spring 19c is formed.

  A movable contact piece 15 is disposed in the concave portion 11a so that one rotary shaft 15c is rotatably engaged with a bearing hole (not shown) formed in the center of the concave portion 11a of the rotor middle step portion 11, and the rotor lower step portion. The sliding rod 17 is disposed in the 12 storage holes 12 a via the coil spring 16. The fitting hole 11c of the rotor middle step portion 11 and the fitting convex portion 12c of the rotor lower step portion 12 and the fitting hole 11e of the rotor middle step portion 11 and the fitting convex portion 13b of the rotor upper step portion 13 are fitted, so that the rotor 14 is fitted. Composed. At this time, the other rotary shaft 15c of the movable contact piece 15 is rotatably engaged with a bearing hole (not shown) formed in the center of the bottom surface of the rotor upper step portion 13. A magnet 21 is disposed in the case 18, a bottom surface portion of the rotor 14 is disposed in a recess 18 c of the case 18, and a housing 19 is covered with the case 18 so that an upper portion of the rotor 14 protrudes from the through hole 19 a. The fitting projection 18d and the fitting hole 19b of the housing 19 are fitted. Then, the rotary switch is completed by loosely fitting the protrusion 20a of the operation portion 20 from the notch portion 13c of the rotor upper step portion 13a into the loose fitting groove 13d.

  In the rotary switch of the present invention configured as described above, when the operation unit 20 is rotated in the opening direction of the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a, the protrusion 20a contacts the end of the loose fitting groove 13d, and the rotor 14 Rotates. As the rotor 14 rotates, the sliding rod 17 slides on the guide portion 18b. When a certain amount of operation is exceeded, the sliding rod 17 is biased in the operating direction (the direction in which the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a are separated). At this time, the rotor 14 also rotates depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 20 until a certain operation amount is exceeded, but the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a are urged by the elastic portion 15b formed on the movable contact piece 15. Maintains the contact state, the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a start to be separated when a certain operation amount is exceeded, and does not depend on the operation speed of the operation unit 20, and is a constant speed corresponding to the width of the loose fitting groove 13d. Thus, the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a are separated. When the operation unit 20 is rotated in the contact direction of the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a, the projection 20a contacts the end of the loose fitting groove 13d and the rotor 14 rotates as in the operation in the opening direction. To do. As the rotor 14 rotates, the sliding rod 17 slides on the guide portion 18b, and when it exceeds a certain operation amount, it is urged in the operating direction (contact direction of the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a). At this time, the rotor 14 and the movable contact piece 15 also rotate depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 20 until a certain operation amount is exceeded, but depending on the operation speed of the operation unit 20 when the certain operation amount is exceeded. Instead, the rotor 14 rotates at a constant speed corresponding to the width of the loose fitting groove 13d, and the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a come into contact with each other. As described above, the opening / closing speed of the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a does not depend on the operation speed of the operation unit 20 in the contact interval where the arc is likely to occur (the range where the contact between the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a is narrow). Even when the operation unit 20 is operated slowly, the rotor 14 rotates at a constant speed, so that the arc can be reliably erased. Furthermore, since the generated arc is stretched by the magnetic field by arranging the magnet 21 in the case 18, the arc erasing effect is improved. The operation of each unit during operation is the same as that in the first embodiment.

  As described above, in the rotary switch shown in this embodiment, the movable contact piece 15 is provided with play in the rotation direction of the rotor 14, and the operation unit 20 is provided with play in the rotation direction of the rotor 14. By loosely fitting and providing the switching moderation mechanism and the elastic part 15b, the rotor 14 can rotate at a constant speed without depending on the operation speed of the operation part 20 when the operation part 20 exceeds a certain operation amount. Furthermore, since the magnet 21 is disposed in the case 18, the arc can be surely erased. Further, the elastic portion 15b is biased so that the contact pressure between the movable contact 15a and the fixed contact 18a can be maintained until a certain operation amount is exceeded.

  In this embodiment, the rotor is composed of three parts, but the rotor middle stage part and the rotor lower stage part may be composed of one part. In addition, the switching moderation mechanism is formed by forming a guide part in the case and arranging a coil spring and a sliding rod in the lower part of the rotor. However, the guide part is formed in the rotor and the coil spring and the sliding bar are arranged in the case. The coil spring and the sliding rod may be other elastic members such as a leaf spring. Moreover, although the elastic part is formed in the movable contact piece, the elastic part may be formed in the rotor. In addition, although a pair of fixed contacts is provided as a single pole, a fixed terminal may be added above to have two or more poles. Furthermore, the magnet may be arranged at an arbitrary position in consideration of the action of the magnetic field, and various methods are conceivable.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said Example, A various deformation | transformation is possible based on the meaning of this invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  The rotary switch of the present invention can be used as a rotary switch capable of opening and closing a large DC current that easily generates an arc.

1, 11 Rotor middle step portion 1a, 8c, 11a, 18c Recessed portion 1b, 1d, 11b, 11d Projection piece 1c, 1e, 9b, 11c, 11e, 19b Fitting hole 2, 12 Rotor lower step portion 2a, 12a Storage hole 2b, 3a, 12b, 13a Fitting concave portion 2c, 3b, 8d, 12c, 13b, 18d Fitting convex portion 3, 13 Rotor upper step portion 3c, 13c Notch portion 4, 14 Rotor 5, 15 Movable contact piece 5a, 15a Movable contact point 5b , 15b Elastic portion 5c, 15c Rotating shaft 6, 16 Coil spring 7, 17 Sliding rod 8, 18 Case 8a, 18a Fixed contact 8b, 18b Guide portion 9, 19 Housing 9a, 19a Through hole 9c, 19c Plate spring 10, 20 Operation Part 21 Magnet

Claims (2)

  In a rotary switch that opens and closes an electric circuit by bringing a contact point into and out of contact with a rotation operation of an operation unit, a rotor that serves as a rotation axis, and a protrusion that protrudes from a side surface of the rotor and plays with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor. A movable contact piece that is provided, an operation part that is loosely fitted with play in the rotational direction of the rotor, a case that is provided with a fixed contact, and a housing that is fitted to the case A movable contact point formed on the movable contact piece and at least one of the movable contact piece and the rotor, and the fixed contact point. The rotary switch is characterized in that an elastic portion for urging the movable contact piece in a direction in which the rotor contacts is formed, and the rotor is rotatably disposed in the case.   The rotary switch according to claim 1, wherein a magnet is disposed in the case.

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