JP2012140872A - Solar heat gas turbine and power generating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To steadily and continuously operate a solar heat gas turbine and power generating equipment without being affected by changes of weather conditions and the like.SOLUTION: The solar heat gas turbine is constituted with a compressor 21 taking in air and raising its pressure, a heater 22 heating up air with pressure raised via the compressor 21 so as to raise its temperature, and a turbine 23 converting a thermal energy retained by the air into a mechanical energy, which has a high temperature and high pressure in the heater 22. The heater 22 is so constituted as to have, in its heating chamber 31, a first heater 33 that heats up air with the pressure raised by the compressor 21 by the use of the heat of the sun light collected with a concentrator 42 and raises a temperature thereof and a second heater 34 that further heats up the air heated up by the first heater 33 by heating by a combustor 36 through fossil fuel combustion.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar gas turbine that is driven by using sunlight to heat a compressible working fluid such as air, and a power generation apparatus having the solar gas turbine.

  In recent years, natural energy such as sunlight and wind power has attracted attention in order to solve environmental problems such as global warming. Therefore, solar power, which is one of the natural energy, is used to generate and drive a high-temperature and high-pressure compressive working fluid by the heat of the solar light, and the generator is driven by this solar heat gas turbine. Power generation devices that generate electricity have been proposed.

  A conventional solar gas turbine includes a compressor that compresses and boosts a compressive working fluid, a heat receiver that heats and compresses the compressive working fluid by heat converted from sunlight, and a high-temperature and high-pressure compressive working fluid. Is a main component of a turbine that converts thermal energy held by the machine into mechanical energy. That is, this solar thermal gas turbine uses solar thermal energy to heat a high-pressure compressive working fluid instead of a combustor that burns fuel such as natural gas to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion exhaust gas. This is provided with a heat receiver that raises the temperature.

  The heat receiver in this case is a device for converting sunlight into heat energy, for example, by heating the high-pressure compressive working fluid using the heat of light collected by a light collector (heliostat). The temperature can be raised. Moreover, if a generator is connected coaxially with a solar thermal gas turbine and the generator is driven by the solar thermal gas turbine, a solar thermal gas turbine power generator that generates power using sunlight is obtained.

  On the other hand, as a cogeneration power generator using a conventional gas turbine, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1 below. This apparatus includes a gas turbine that drives a combustion air compressor and an expansion turbine that generates power, and is heated instead of a combustor that supplies combustion exhaust gas to the gas turbine that drives the combustion air compressor. It is described that a heater is used, and the exhaust heat of other heat sources including solar heat is used as the heater.

  Moreover, as a fossil fuel gasification plant using solar heat, there exist some which are described in the following patent document 2, for example. This device includes a solar heat collector, a liquid metal heater that heats a liquid metal by solar heat collected by the light collector, a device that separates unreacted particles contained in a gas generated in a gasifier, A fluidized bed unreacted particle heater is provided that heats unreacted particles separated by the separation device with the liquid metal heated in the liquid metal heater.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-135619 Japanese Patent No. 3337276

  By the way, since the above-mentioned conventional solar gas turbine power generator operates using sunlight, which is natural energy, the intensity of sunlight that heats the compressive working fluid constantly varies depending on the weather and the like. For this reason, in an operating situation in which sufficient solar heat cannot be obtained in the heat receiver, for example, in an operating situation in which the solar heat is reduced to about 40 to 50% of the design point, high-temperature and high-pressure compression is performed on the turbine of the solar gas turbine It becomes difficult to stably supply the sexual working fluid. As a result, the solar gas gas turbine has a problem that it is difficult to continue the operation unless sufficient solar heat is obtained, and eventually the operation is stopped.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar gas turbine and a power generation apparatus that enable stable operation to be continued without being influenced by weather fluctuations.

  In order to achieve the above object, a solar gas turbine according to the present invention includes a compressor that sucks and pressurizes a compressive working fluid, and a heater that heats and raises the temperature of the compressible working fluid boosted by the compressor. And a solar gas turbine that converts thermal energy held by the compressive working fluid that has become high temperature and pressure in the heater into mechanical energy, wherein the heater includes an insulated space, And a first heater that heats the compressible working fluid that has been pressurized by the compressor by the heat of sunlight collected by a condenser, and the first heater that is disposed in the space. And a second heater for heating the compressible working fluid heated by the heater by a fossil fuel-fired combustor.

  Therefore, the compressive working fluid is heated by the heat of sunlight by the first heater disposed in the heat insulation space and the combustor of the second heater, and according to the amount of sunlight by the first heater. By adjusting the amount of heating by the combustor of the second heater, the temperature of the compressive working fluid sent to the turbine can be maintained at a desired temperature, and it is stable without being affected by weather fluctuations. Can be continued.

  In the solar gas turbine of the present invention, the first heater and the second heater are arranged in independent spaces in the space, and the second heater is a compressible operation that flows through the first heater by radiant heat. It is characterized by heating the fluid.

  Therefore, the compressive working fluid flowing through the first heater is heated by the radiant heat from the second heater, and each heater can stably heat the compressive working fluid.

  In the solar thermal gas turbine of the present invention, the second heater has a first heat exchanger that heats fossil fuel supplied to the combustor by exhaust gas discharged from the combustor.

  Therefore, the fossil fuel is heated by the exhaust gas from the combustor and then supplied to the combustor, and the combustor of the second heater can efficiently burn the fossil fuel.

  In the solar gas turbine of the present invention, the second heater has a second heat exchanger that heats the compressive working fluid supplied to the first heater by the exhaust gas discharged from the combustor. It is said.

  Therefore, the compressive working fluid is heated by the exhaust gas from the combustor and then supplied to the first heater, so that the exhaust gas can be effectively used.

  In the solar thermal gas turbine according to the present invention, the combustor of the second heater combusts fossil fuel and exhaust gas from the turbine.

  Therefore, it is possible to simplify the exhaust gas treatment by combusting the exhaust gas from the turbine together with the fossil fuel in the combustor of the second heater.

  The solar thermal gas turbine of the present invention is characterized in that a third heat exchanger is provided that heats the compressive working fluid that has been pressurized by the compressor with the exhaust gas discharged from the combustor of the second heater.

  Therefore, the compressive working fluid is heated by the exhaust gas from the combustor and then supplied to the first heater, so that the exhaust gas can be effectively used.

  Moreover, the electric power generating apparatus of this invention is equipped with the said solar thermal gas turbine and the generator which drives with this solar thermal gas turbine and generates electric power, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Therefore, even in an operating situation where solar heat, which is a natural energy, cannot be obtained sufficiently, the heating capacity of the combustor is effectively utilized according to the intensity of the solar heat, and the temperature of the compressive working fluid is maintained at a desired temperature. A stable operation of the gas turbine can be continued. As a result, a generator driven by a solar gas turbine having stable dynamic characteristics can continue stable power generation even in an operating situation where solar heat cannot be obtained sufficiently.

  According to the solar gas turbine and the power generation device of the present invention, the compressor includes a compressor, a heater, and a turbine, and the compressive working fluid that is disposed in a thermally insulated space and is pressurized by the compressor is condensed as a heater. A first heater that is heated by the heat of sunlight collected by the vessel and a compressive working fluid that is disposed in the space and is heated by the first heater is heated by a fossil fuel-fired combustor. Since the second heater for raising the temperature is provided, the temperature of the compressive working fluid sent to the turbine can be maintained at a desired temperature by adjusting the amount of heating by the combustor according to the amount of sunlight. This makes it possible to continue stable driving without being affected by weather fluctuations.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a solar thermal gas turbine power generator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the fifth embodiment.

  Exemplary embodiments of a solar gas turbine and a power generator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the first embodiment.

  In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the power generation apparatus 10 includes a solar thermal gas turbine 11 and a generator 12. The solar thermal gas turbine 11 includes a compressor 21 that sucks air (compressible working fluid) to increase the pressure, a heater 22 that heats the air pressurized by the compressor 21 and raises the temperature, and the heater 22. The turbine 23 is configured to convert the thermal energy held by the air at high temperature and pressure into mechanical energy.

  In this case, the compressor 21 and the turbine 23 are connected to each other by a rotary shaft 24 so as to be integrally rotatable, and the generator 12 is connected to the compressor 21 by a drive shaft 25 that is coaxial with the rotary shaft 24. Yes. A reheater 26 is provided between the compressor 21, the heater 22, and the turbine 23, and the reheater 26 is a high pressure supplied from the compressor 21 to the heater 22 by the exhaust gas from the turbine 23. The air can be heated. The exhaust gas heat-exchanged by the reheater 26 is released from the chimney 27 to the atmosphere.

  The heater 22 includes a first heater 33 and a second heater 34 that are disposed in the heat insulating space 32 of the heating chamber 31 that is substantially sealed with a heat insulating material. The first heater 33 is for heating the air heated by the compressor 21 and heated by the reheater 26 with the heat of sunlight collected by the condenser, and the air flows therethrough. A heat receiver 35 is provided. The second heater 34 heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by a fossil fuel-fired combustor 36 to raise the temperature. For this reason, a first blower 37 that boosts and supplies air to the outside of the heating chamber 31 and a second blower 38 that boosts and supplies fossil fuel (for example, natural gas) are provided. The premixed gas can be supplied to the combustor 36.

  Hereinafter, the heater 22 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, the heating chamber 31 is formed with a heat insulating space 32 in a substantially hermetically sealed state, and is partitioned into two independent spaces by quartz glass 41 as a non-breathable partition plate. In this case, the partition plate is not limited to the quartz glass 41, and may be a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy. For example, a heat-resistant nickel alloy (Hastelloy) may be used. And the 1st heater 33 is arrange | positioned in one large space, and the 2nd heater 34 is arrange | positioned in the other small space. Moreover, the opening part 31a is formed in the lower part, and the heating chamber 31 can take in the sunlight collected with the collector 42 from the opening part 31a in the space by the side of the 1st heater 33. FIG. In this case, the first heater 33 is disposed on one side of the heating chamber 31, the second heater 34 is disposed on the other side, a predetermined space is provided between the two, and a lower portion of the space is provided below the space. An opening 31a is formed.

  In the first heater 33, the heat receiver 35 is configured by a heat transfer tube 43 disposed on one side of the heat insulating space 32. This heat transfer tube 43 is arranged such that one or a plurality of pipes are formed in a plurality of U shapes, one end is connected to the compressor 21 (reheater 26), and the other end is the turbine 23. It is connected to. And in the heat exchanger tube 43 which comprises this 1st heater 33, the air which distribute | circulates an inside can be heated with the heat of the sunlight taken in from the opening part 31a.

  In the second heater 34, the combustor 36 includes a heat transfer tube 44 disposed on the other side of the heat insulating space 32, a combustion burner 45, and a metal mesh 46 as a breathable radiation converter. The heat transfer pipe 44 is arranged such that one or a plurality of pipes are formed in a plurality of U-shapes, and a pipe in which a premixed mixture of air and fossil fuel is supplied to each end by the blowers 37 and 38. Are connected, and the other end is connected to a plurality of combustion burners 45. In this case, a wire mesh 46 is disposed between the heat transfer tube 44 and the combustion burner 45, and each combustion burner 45 generates a flame toward the wire mesh 46.

  Then, a premixed gas of air and fossil fuel is supplied to the combustion burner 45 through the heat transfer tube 44, and when the combustion burner 45 forms a flame toward the wire mesh 46, radiant heat is generated here, and the first through the quartz glass 41. Radiated toward the heater 33 side. In the heat transfer tube 43 constituting the first heater 33, the air flowing through the inside can be heated by radiant heat from the second heater 34.

  Moreover, the heating chamber 31 has an opening 31b formed in the upper portion, and combustion exhaust gas can be discharged from the opening 31b. That is, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the formation of the flame by the combustion burner 45 does not flow to the first heater 33 side by being held by the quartz glass 41 but flows to the heat transfer tube 44 through the wire mesh 46. Then, the liquid is discharged from the opening 31b to the outside. At this time, in the second heater 34, the premixed gas supplied to the combustion burner 45 through the heat transfer tube 44 can be heated by the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion burner 45. Here, the 1st heat exchanger of this invention is comprised by the heating chamber 31, the heat exchanger tube 44, etc. FIG.

  Here, the effect | action of the electric power generating apparatus 10 of Example 1 is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the compressor 21 sucks air and compresses it to a predetermined high pressure, and this high pressure air is supplied from the high pressure air passage to the heater 22 through the reheater 26. . The reheater 26 exchanges heat between the high-pressure air pressurized by the compressor 21 and the high-temperature air worked by the turbine 23, that is, heats the high-pressure air from the compressor 21 by the high-temperature air from the turbine 23. (Preheating), where the exhaust heat can be used effectively.

  In the reheater 26, for example, air that has become a low temperature and high pressure of 450 ° C. is sent to the heater 22. In this heater 22, the low-temperature and high-pressure air that has passed from the compressor 21 through the reheater 26 is heated by the first heater 33. That is, the heat receiver 35 (heat transfer tube 43) constituting the first heater 33 converts the sunlight collected by the condenser 42 into heat energy, and heats the air flowing in the heat transfer tube 43 by this heat energy. As a result, the temperature of the low-temperature and high-pressure air is further increased.

  In this case, the condenser 42 is heated by the heat receiver 35 so that the power generation amount of the power generation apparatus 10 becomes a desired power generation amount, that is, the rotation speeds of the compressor 21 and the turbine 23 become appropriate values. The light receiving angle is adjusted according to the outlet temperature of the high temperature and high pressure air to control the amount of heat input to the heat receiver 35.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure air heated to 850 ° C. by the first heater 33 in the heater 22 is supplied to the turbine 23 through the high-temperature and high-pressure air passage. The high-temperature and high-pressure air supplied to the turbine 23 expands when passing through the moving blades and stationary blades in the turbine 23, and rotates the rotating shaft 24 integrated with the moving blades to generate turbine output. The output generated by the turbine 23 is used as a driving force for the compressor 21 connected via the rotating shaft 24 and the generator 12 connected via the driving shaft 25.

  Thereafter, the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 23 becomes high-temperature and high-pressure air (exhaust gas) whose pressure and temperature are reduced from the outlet of the turbine 23, and is led to the reheater 26 through the exhaust passage. The temperature is further lowered by the vessel 26 and discharged from the chimney 27 to the atmosphere.

  The heater 22 has a second heater 34 in addition to the first heater 33. The second heater 34 can further heat the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the first heater 33 in the heating chamber 31. That is, when the blowers 37 and 38 are operated in the combustor 36 of the second heater 34, a predetermined amount of air and a predetermined amount of fossil fuel are sent, and a premixed gas having a predetermined fuel-air ratio is transferred to the heat transfer tube. 44 to each combustion burner 45. At this time, the premixed gas flowing through the heat transfer tube 44 is heated by the combustion exhaust gas generated by the flame from the combustion burner 45.

  When the premixed gas having a high temperature is sent to the combustion burner 45, the combustion burner 45 ignites the jetted premixed gas, thereby forming a flame toward the wire mesh 46. In the metal mesh 46, radiant heat is generated by this flame and is radiated toward the first heater 33 through the quartz glass 41. In the heat receiver 35 constituting the first heater 33, the air flowing through the heat transfer tube 43 is heated by the radiant heat from the second heater 34. On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the flame from the combustion burner 45 exchanges heat with the premixed gas in the heat transfer tube 44 and is then discharged from the heating chamber 31 to the outside. In the room in which the combustor 36 of the second heater 34 is partitioned, the exhaust heat can be effectively used by exchanging heat between the combustion exhaust gas and the premixed gas.

  In this case, the heater 22 heats, for example, 450 ° C. low-temperature air to 850 ° C. high-temperature air by solar heat taken into the first heater 33 and radiant heat from the flame of the combustor 36 by the second heater 34. Is done. Here, since the low temperature air sent to the heater 22 is heated by the solar heat in the first heater 33 and the radiant heat in the second heater 34, the heat capacity of both is adjusted to 850 ° C., which is appropriate. Can be heated up to high temperature air.

  Usually, the first heater 33 is operated as a main and the second heater 34 is operated as a sub in consideration of the global environment and power generation cost. That is, if the first heater 33 can heat the low-temperature air at 450 ° C. to the high-temperature air at 850 ° C. only by the amount of heat of solar energy taken in, the operation of the second heater 34 is stopped. On the other hand, if the first heater 33 cannot heat the low-temperature air at 450 ° C. to the high-temperature air at 850 ° C. only by the amount of heat of solar energy taken in, the second heater 34 is operated.

  In this case, the heater 22 detects the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 35, and the second temperature is set so that the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air becomes an appropriate temperature (for example, 850 ° C.). The heater 34 is operated. That is, the second heater 34 adjusts the amount of premixer (fossil fuel amount) supplied to the combustor 36 based on the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air from the heat receiver 35.

  As described above, in the solar gas turbine according to the first embodiment, the compressor 21 that sucks and pressurizes air, the heater 22 that heats the air pressurized by the compressor 21 and raises the temperature, and the heater And a turbine 23 that converts the thermal energy held by the air that has become high temperature and high pressure in 22 into mechanical energy, and as the heater 22, the air pressurized by the compressor 21 is condensed in the heating chamber 31. A first heater 33 that heats and raises temperature by the heat of sunlight collected by the vessel 42; and a second that heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by the fossil fuel-fired combustor 36 and raises the temperature. A heater 34 is provided.

  Therefore, the air is heated by the heat of sunlight by the first heater 33 disposed in the heating chamber 31 and the radiant heat of the combustor 36 in the second heater 34, and the sunlight in the first heater 33. By adjusting the amount of heating by the second heater 34 according to the amount of heat, the temperature of the air sent to the turbine 23 can be maintained at a desired temperature, and it is stable without being influenced by weather fluctuations, etc. Can be continued.

  That is, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 in the heating chamber 31 in parallel, the intensity of sunlight, which is a natural energy that fluctuates rapidly, is weak, and sufficient heat can be received by the heat receiver 35. Even in the absence of operating conditions, it is possible to supply high-temperature and high-pressure air heated to a predetermined temperature to the turbine 23 by compensating for the shortage of sunlight by heating the combustor 36.

  Moreover, in the solar gas turbine of Example 1, the 1st heater 33 and the 2nd heater 34 are each arrange | positioned in the space independent in the heat insulation space 32 of the heating chamber 31, and the 2nd heater 34 is radiant heat. Thus, the air flowing through the first heater 33 is heated. Therefore, the air flowing through the first heater 33 is heated by the radiant heat from the second heater 34, and the heaters 33 and 34 can stably heat the air.

  In the solar gas turbine according to the first embodiment, the second heater 34 heats a premixed mixture of fossil fuel and air supplied to the combustor 36 by the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustor 36. . Therefore, the fossil fuel is heated by the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 36 and then supplied to the combustor 36, and the combustor 36 of the second heater 34 can efficiently burn the fossil fuel.

  In addition, the power generation apparatus according to the first embodiment includes the above-described solar thermal gas turbine 11 and a generator 12 that is driven by the solar thermal gas turbine 11 to generate electric power.

  Therefore, even in an operating situation where solar heat, which is natural energy, cannot be sufficiently obtained, the heating capacity of the combustor 36 is effectively utilized according to the intensity of solar heat, and the temperature of the air is maintained at a desired temperature to achieve the solar thermal gas turbine. 11 stable operation can be continued. As a result, the generator 12 driven by the solar gas turbine 11 having stable dynamic characteristics can continue stable power generation even in an operation situation where solar heat cannot be sufficiently obtained.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the function similar to the Example mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In Example 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the heater 51 includes a first heater 33 and a second heater 34 disposed in the heat insulating space 32 of the heating chamber 31. The first heater 33 heats the air heated by the compressor 21 and heated by the reheater 26 with the heat of sunlight, and has a heat receiver 35. The second heater 34 heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by the combustor 36 and raises the temperature.

  That is, in the heating chamber 31, the heat insulating space 32 is partitioned into two independent spaces by the quartz glass 41, the first heater 33 is disposed in one large space, and the second heater 34 is disposed in the other small space. Has been. Moreover, the opening part 31a is formed in the lower part, and the heating chamber 31 can take in the sunlight collected with the collector 42 from the opening part 31a in the space by the side of the 1st heater 33. FIG. In this case, the 1st heater 33 and the 2nd heater 34 are arrange | positioned adjacent to one side of the heating chamber 31, quartz glass 41 is arrange | positioned between both, and the space part by which the 1st heater 33 was arrange | positioned The opening part 31a is formed below.

  In addition, although the 1st heater 33 and the 2nd heater 34 are arrange | positioned adjacent to the heater 51 of this Example 2 in the heating chamber 31, this 1st heater 33 and the 2nd heater 34 are shown. Since the configuration and operation of are the same as those of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  Therefore, when low-temperature and high-pressure air is sent to the heater 51, sunlight collected by the condenser 42 is converted into heat energy by the heat receiver 35 of the first heater 33, and the heat transfer tube 43 is converted by this heat energy. The air flowing inside is heated, and the temperature of the low-temperature and high-pressure air rises. In addition, in the combustor 36 of the second heater 34, a premixed mixture of air and fossil fuel is supplied to each combustion burner 45 through the heat transfer pipe 44, and the combustion burner 45 ignites this premixed mixture, thereby forming a wire mesh. A flame directed toward 46 is formed. Then, radiant heat from the wire mesh 46 is generated by this flame, and the air flowing through the heat transfer tube 43 of the heat receiver 35 is heated by being radiated toward the first heater 33 through the quartz glass 41.

  Usually, if the first heater 33 can heat the low-temperature air to a desired temperature only by the amount of heat of solar energy taken in, the operation of the second heater 34 can be stopped and cannot be heated. If there is, the second heater 34 is operated. The heater 22 detects the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 35, and operates the second heater 34 so that the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air becomes an appropriate temperature.

  Thus, in the solar gas turbine of Example 2, as the heater 51, the air pressurized by the compressor 21 is heated in the heating chamber 31 by the heat of sunlight collected by the condenser 42. And a second heater 34 that heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by a fossil fuel-fired combustor 36 and raises the temperature.

  Therefore, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 adjacent to each other in the heating chamber 31, the intensity of sunlight, which is a natural energy that fluctuates rapidly, is weak, and the heat receiver 35 receives sufficient heat. Even in an operation situation where the temperature is not high, high temperature and high pressure air heated to a predetermined temperature can be supplied to the turbine 23 by compensating for the shortage of sunlight by heating the combustor 36. Further, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 close to each other, the radiant heat of the second heater 34 can be efficiently applied to the air in the first heater 33, The heating efficiency with respect to air can be improved.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the third embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the function similar to the Example mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In Example 3, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the power generation device 60 includes a solar thermal gas turbine 61 and a generator 12. The solar gas turbine 61 includes a compressor 21 that sucks air (compressible working fluid) to increase the pressure, a heater 62 that heats and raises the temperature of the pressure increased by the compressor 21, and the heater 62. The turbine 23 is configured to convert the thermal energy held by the air at high temperature and pressure into mechanical energy.

  In this case, the heater 62 includes a first heater 33 and a second heater 34 disposed in the heat insulating space 32 of the heating chamber 31. The first heater 33 heats the air heated by the compressor 21 and heated by the reheater 26 with the heat of sunlight, and has a heat receiver 35. The second heater 34 heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by the combustor 36 and raises the temperature. Therefore, a first blower 37 that pressurizes and supplies air and a second blower 38 that boosts and supplies fossil fuel are provided, and a premixed mixture of air and fossil fuel can be supplied to the combustor 36. Yes.

  In this heater 62, as shown in FIG. 5, the heating chamber 31 is divided into two spaces in which the heat insulating space 32 is separated by quartz glass 41, the first heater 33 is disposed in one space, and the other A second heater 34 is disposed in the space. Moreover, the opening part 31a is formed in the lower part, and the heating chamber 31 can take in the sunlight collected with the collector 42 from the opening part 31a in the space by the side of the 1st heater 33. FIG.

  The first heater 33 includes a heat receiver 35, and the heat receiver 35 includes a heat transfer tube 43. The heat transfer tube 43 is connected to the compressor 21 (reheater 26) at one end and is connected to the turbine 23 at the other end, so that the air flowing through the inside is taken in from the opening 31a. It can be heated by heat.

  The second heater 34 includes a combustor 36, and the combustor 36 includes a heat transfer tube 44, a combustion burner 45, and a wire mesh 46. The heat transfer tube 44 has one end connected to a pipe to which a premixed mixture of air and fossil fuel is supplied by the blowers 37 and 38, and the other end connected to a plurality of combustion burners 45. In this case, a wire mesh 46 is disposed between the heat transfer tube 44 and the combustion burner 45, and each combustion burner 45 generates a flame toward the wire mesh 46.

  Moreover, the heating chamber 31 has an opening 31b formed in the upper portion, and combustion exhaust gas can be discharged from the opening 31b. That is, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the flame of the combustion burner 45 does not flow to the side of the first heater 33 due to being dammed by the quartz glass 41, but flows to the heat transfer tube 44 through the wire mesh 46, and from the opening 31b. It is discharged outside. At this time, in the second heater 34, the premixed gas supplied to the combustion burner 45 through the heat transfer tube 44 can be heated by the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion burner 45. The second heater 34 is provided with a second heat exchanger 63 that heats the air supplied to the heat receiver 35 in the first heater 33 by the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion burner 45.

  Therefore, the compressor 21 sucks air and compresses it to a predetermined high pressure, and the high pressure air is preheated by the reheater 26 from the high pressure air passage, and then, for example, the air having a low temperature and high pressure of 450 ° C. is heated. Is supplied to the device 62. When low-temperature and high-pressure air is sent to the heater 62, first, the low-temperature air is heated to, for example, 600 ° C. by the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion burner 45 in the second heat exchanger 63, and then the heat receiver 35. Next, in the heat receiver 35, the sunlight collected by the condenser 42 is converted into heat energy, and the air flowing in the heat transfer tube 43 is heated by the heat energy, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air is heated. Temperature rises. In addition, in the combustor 36 of the second heater 34, a premixed mixture of air and fossil fuel is supplied to each combustion burner 45 through the heat transfer pipe 44, and the combustion burner 45 ignites this premixed mixture, thereby forming a wire mesh. A flame directed toward 46 is formed. Then, radiant heat from the wire mesh 46 is generated by this flame, and the air flowing through the heat transfer tube 43 of the heat receiver 35 is heated by being radiated toward the first heater 33 through the quartz glass 41.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure air heated to 850 ° C. by the first heater 33 in the heater 62 is supplied to the turbine 23 through the high-temperature and high-pressure air passage, and generates a turbine output. The output generated by the turbine 23 is used as a driving force for the compressor 21 connected via the rotating shaft 24 and the generator 12 connected via the driving shaft 25. Thereafter, the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 23 is discharged from the chimney 27 through the reheater 26 to the atmosphere.

  Usually, if the first heater 33 can heat the low-temperature air to a desired temperature only by the amount of heat of solar energy taken in, the operation of the second heater 34 can be stopped and cannot be heated. If there is, the second heater 34 is operated. The outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 35 is detected by the heater 62, and the second heater 34 is operated so that the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air becomes an appropriate temperature.

  Thus, in the solar gas turbine of Example 3, the compressor 21, the heater 62, and the turbine 23 were provided, and the pressure was increased by the compressor 21 in the heating chamber 31 as the heater 62. The first heater 33 that heats the air by the heat of sunlight collected by the light collector 42 and raises the temperature, and the air heated by the first heater 33 is heated by the fossil fuel-fired combustor 36 to rise. A second heater 34 for heating is provided.

  Therefore, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 adjacent to each other in the heating chamber 31, the intensity of sunlight, which is a natural energy that fluctuates rapidly, is weak, and the heat receiver 35 receives sufficient heat. Even in an operation situation where the temperature is not high, high temperature and high pressure air heated to a predetermined temperature can be supplied to the turbine 23 by compensating for the shortage of sunlight by heating the combustor 36. Further, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 close to each other, the radiant heat of the second heater 34 can be efficiently applied to the air in the first heater 33, The heating efficiency with respect to air can be improved.

  In the solar gas turbine of the third embodiment, the second heat exchange heats the low-temperature air supplied to the heat receiver 35 of the first heater 33 by the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustor 36 of the second heater 34. A vessel 63 is provided. Accordingly, the low-temperature air is heated by the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 36 and then supplied to the heat receiver 35 of the first heater 33, so that the combustion exhaust gas can be effectively used.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the fourth embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the function similar to the Example mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the power generation apparatus 70 includes a solar thermal gas turbine 71 and a generator 12. The solar gas turbine 71 includes a compressor 21 that sucks air (compressible working fluid) to increase the pressure, a heater 72 that heats the air pressurized by the compressor 21 to raise the temperature, and the heater 72. The turbine 23 is configured to convert the thermal energy held by the air at high temperature and pressure into mechanical energy.

  In this case, the heater 72 includes a first heater 33 and a second heater 34 disposed in the heat insulating space 32 of the heating chamber 31. The first heater 33 is for heating the air pressurized by the compressor 21 by the heat of sunlight and has a heat receiver 35. The second heater 34 heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by the combustor 36 and raises the temperature. Therefore, a second blower 38 that pressurizes and supplies fossil fuel is provided, and this fossil fuel can be supplied to the combustor 36.

  In this heater 72, as shown in FIG. 7, the heating chamber 31 is partitioned into two spaces in which the heat insulating space 32 is separated by quartz glass 41, the first heater 33 is disposed in one space, and the other A second heater 34 is disposed in the space. Moreover, the opening part 31a is formed in the lower part, and the heating chamber 31 can take in the sunlight collected with the collector 42 from the opening part 31a in the space by the side of the 1st heater 33. FIG.

  The first heater 33 includes a heat receiver 35, and the heat receiver 35 includes a heat transfer tube 43. The heat transfer tube 43 is directly connected to the compressor 21 at one end and is connected to the turbine 23 at the other end, so that the air circulating inside can be heated by the heat of sunlight taken in from the opening 31a. It has become.

  The second heater 34 includes a combustor 36, and the combustor 36 includes a combustion burner 45 and a wire mesh 46. The combustion burner 45 is connected to a pipe to which fossil fuel is supplied by the blower 38. The space in which the second heater 34 is arranged is supplied with exhaust gas (high-temperature and high-pressure air, for example, 500 ° C.) from the turbine 23, and the combustion burner 45 includes fossil fuel from the blower 38 and the turbine 23. From the air, a flame can be formed toward the wire mesh 46.

  Further, in the space in the heating chamber 31 where the second heater 34 is disposed, a heat transfer tube 73 for circulating low-temperature and high-pressure air (for example, 250 ° C.) pressurized by the compressor 21 is disposed. A heat pipe 73 is connected to the heat receiver 35. The heating chamber 31 is formed with an opening 31b at the top, and combustion exhaust gas can be discharged from the opening 31b. In other words, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the flame of the combustion burner 45 does not flow to the first heater 33 side by being held by the quartz glass 41 but flows to the heat transfer pipe 73 through the wire mesh 46 and from the opening 31b. It is discharged outside. At this time, the second heater 34 can heat the low-temperature and high-pressure air supplied to the heat receiver 35 through the heat transfer pipe 73 by the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion burner 45. That is, the reheater is arranged in the second heater 34.

  Therefore, the compressor 21 sucks air and compresses it to a predetermined high pressure, and the high pressure air is supplied to the heater 72 from the high pressure air passage. When low-temperature and high-pressure air is sent to the heater 72, first, when the second heater 34 flows through the heat transfer tube 73, the low-temperature air is heated to, for example, 600 ° C. by the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion burner 45. Then, it is supplied to the heat receiver 35, and then the sunlight collected by the condenser 42 is converted into heat energy by the heat receiver 35, and the air flowing in the heat transfer tube 43 is heated by this heat energy. The temperature of this low-temperature and high-pressure air rises. Further, in the combustor 36 of the second heater 34, the combustion burner 45 ignites fossil fuel and high-temperature and high-pressure air from the turbine 23, thereby forming a flame toward the wire mesh 46. Then, radiant heat from the wire mesh 46 is generated by this flame and is radiated toward the first heater 33 side through the quartz glass 41, whereby the air flowing through the heat transfer tube 43 of the heat receiver 35 is heated.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure air heated to 850 ° C. by the first heater 33 in the heater 72 is supplied to the turbine 23 through the high-temperature and high-pressure air passage, and generates a turbine output. The output generated by the turbine 23 is used as a driving force for the compressor 21 connected via the rotating shaft 24 and the generator 12 connected via the driving shaft 25. Thereafter, the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 23 is sent to the heater 72. In addition, the combustion exhaust gas discharged | emitted from the opening part 31b of the heater 72 is discharged | emitted from a chimney after performing a predetermined | prescribed process.

  Usually, if the first heater 33 can heat the low-temperature air to a desired temperature only by the amount of heat of solar energy taken in, the operation of the second heater 34 can be stopped and cannot be heated. If there is, the second heater 34 is operated. The outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the heat receiver 35 is detected by the heater 72, and the second heater 34 is operated so that the outlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air becomes an appropriate temperature.

  Thus, in the solar gas turbine of Example 4, the compressor 21, the heater 72, and the turbine 23 were provided, and the pressure was increased by the compressor 21 in the heating chamber 31 as the heater 72. The first heater 33 that heats the air by the heat of sunlight collected by the light collector 42 and raises the temperature, and the air heated by the first heater 33 is heated by the fossil fuel-fired combustor 36 to rise. A second heater 34 for heating is provided. In this case, the heater 72 preheats the air from the compressor 21 with the exhaust gas from the turbine 23 and the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 36.

  Therefore, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 close to each other, the radiant heat of the second heater 34 can be efficiently applied to the air in the first heater 33, The heating efficiency with respect to air can be improved. Further, the low-temperature air from the compressor 21 is preheated by the exhaust gas from the turbine 23 and the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 36, and the combustion exhaust gas can be used effectively. Further, by arranging the reheater inside the heater 72, the apparatus can be made compact.

  In the solar gas turbine of the fourth embodiment, the combustor 36 of the second heater 34 burns fossil fuel and exhaust gas (hot air) from the turbine 23. Accordingly, the exhaust gas from the turbine 23 is burned together with the fossil fuel in the combustor 36 of the second heater 34, so that the exhaust gas treatment can be simplified.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a solar gas turbine power generator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heater in the solar gas turbine power generator according to the fifth embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the function similar to the Example mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the power generation device 80 includes a solar thermal gas turbine 81 and a generator 12. The solar gas turbine 81 includes a compressor 21 that sucks air (compressible working fluid) to increase the pressure, a heater 82 that heats the air pressurized by the compressor 21 and raises the temperature, and the heater 82. The turbine 23 is configured to convert the thermal energy held by the air at high temperature and pressure into mechanical energy.

  In this case, the heater 82 includes a first heater 33 and a second heater 34 that are disposed in the heat insulating space 32 of the heating chamber 31. The first heater 33 heats the air heated by the compressor 21 and heated by the reheater 83 by the heat of sunlight, and has a heat receiver 35. The second heater 34 heats the air heated by the first heater 33 by the combustor 36 and raises the temperature. Therefore, a second blower 38 that pressurizes and supplies fossil fuel is provided, and this fossil fuel can be supplied to the combustor 36.

  In this heater 82, as shown in FIG. 9, the heating chamber 31 is divided into two independent spaces in which the heat insulating space 32 is separated by quartz glass 41, the first heater 33 is disposed in one space, and the other A second heater 34 is disposed in the space. Moreover, the opening part 31a is formed in the lower part, and the heating chamber 31 can take in the sunlight collected with the collector 42 from the opening part 31a in the space by the side of the 1st heater 33. FIG.

  The first heater 33 includes a heat receiver 35, and the heat receiver 35 includes a heat transfer tube 43. The heat transfer tube 43 is connected to the compressor 21 (reheater 83) at one end and is connected to the turbine 23 at the other end, so that the air flowing through the inside is taken in from the opening 31a. It can be heated by heat.

  The second heater 34 has a combustor 36, and the combustor 36 has a combustion burner 45. The combustion burner 45 is connected to a pipe to which fossil fuel is supplied by the blower 38. The space in which the second heater 34 is arranged is supplied with exhaust gas (high-temperature and high-pressure air, for example, 500 ° C.) from the turbine 23, and the combustion burner 45 includes fossil fuel from the blower 38 and the turbine 23. A flame can be formed by the air from.

  Further, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the flame of the combustion burner 45 in the heating chamber 31 is stopped by the quartz glass 41 and does not flow to the first heater 33 side, but is discharged to the outside through the combustion exhaust gas passage. . Then, the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the outside is supplied to the reheater 83 through this combustion exhaust gas passage, where the high-pressure air from the compressor 21 is heated and then released from the chimney 27 to the atmosphere. Here, the reheater 83 functions as the third heat exchanger of the present invention.

  Therefore, the compressor 21 sucks air and compresses it to a predetermined high pressure, and the high pressure air is supplied from the high pressure air passage to the heater 82 through the reheater 83. When low-temperature and high-pressure air is sent to the heater 82, the sunlight collected by the condenser 42 is converted into heat energy by the heat receiver 35 of the first heater 33, and the heat transfer pipe 43 is converted into heat energy by this heat energy. The flowing air is heated, and the temperature of the low-temperature and high-pressure air rises. In the combustor 36 of the second heater 34, the combustion burner 45 forms a flame by igniting fossil fuel and high-temperature and high-pressure air from the turbine 23. Then, the radiant heat generated by this flame is radiated toward the first heater 33 side through the quartz glass 41, whereby the air flowing through the heat transfer tube 43 of the heat receiver 35 is heated.

  Then, the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated to 850 ° C. by the first heater 33 in the heater 82 is supplied to the turbine 23 through the high-temperature and high-pressure air passage to generate a turbine output. The output generated by the turbine 23 is used as a driving force for the compressor 21 connected via the rotating shaft 24 and the generator 12 connected via the driving shaft 25. Thereafter, the high-temperature and high-pressure air that has worked in the turbine 23 is sent to the heater 82. Further, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the heater 82 is discharged from the chimney 27 through the reheater 83 to the atmosphere.

  Thus, in the solar gas turbine of Example 5, the compressor 21, the heater 82, and the turbine 23 were provided, and the pressure was increased by the compressor 21 in the heating chamber 31 as the heater 82. The first heater 33 that heats the air by the heat of sunlight collected by the light collector 42 and raises the temperature, and the air heated by the first heater 33 is heated by the fossil fuel-fired combustor 36 to rise. A second heater 34 for heating is provided.

  Therefore, by arranging the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 close to each other, the radiant heat of the second heater 34 can be efficiently applied to the air in the first heater 33, The heating efficiency with respect to air can be improved.

  Further, in the solar gas turbine of the fifth embodiment, a reheater 83 for heating the air pressurized by the compressor 21 with the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustor 36 of the second heater 34 is provided. Therefore, the high-pressure air is preheated by the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 36 and then supplied to the first heater 33, so that the exhaust gas can be effectively used.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the first heater 33 and the second heater 34 are disposed opposite to or adjacent to each other in the heating chamber 31, but the arrangement relationship is not limited to the embodiment. Moreover, although sunlight is taken in from the downward direction of the heating chamber 31, the taking-in position is not limited to an Example.

  In the solar gas turbine and the power generation apparatus, the compressive working fluid sent from the compressor to the turbine is heated by the sunlight and the combustor in a heat-insulated space to increase the temperature. It is possible to continue stable operation without being influenced, and can be applied to any solar gas turbine and power generation device.

10, 60, 70, 80 Power generation device 11, 61, 71, 81 Solar gas turbine 12 Generator 21 Compressor 22, 51, 62, 72, 82 Heater 23 Turbine 26 Reheater 31 Heating chamber 32 Heat insulation space 33 First 1 heater 34 second heater 35 heat receiver 36 combustor 41 quartz glass (partition plate)
42 Concentrator 43, 44 Heat transfer tube 45 Combustion burner 46 Wire mesh (radiation converter)
63 Heat exchanger (second heat exchanger)
83 Reheater (3rd heat exchanger)

Claims (7)

A compressor for sucking in a compressible working fluid and increasing the pressure;
A heater that heats and compresses the compressive working fluid that has been pressurized by the compressor;
A turbine that converts thermal energy held by a compressive working fluid that has been heated to high temperature and pressure by the heater into mechanical energy;
A solar gas turbine comprising:
The heater is
An insulated space,
A first heater that heats the compressible working fluid disposed in the space and pressurized by the compressor by the heat of sunlight collected by a condenser;
A second heater for heating the compressible working fluid disposed in the space and heated by the first heater by a fossil fuel-fired combustor;
A solar gas turbine characterized by comprising:   The first heater and the second heater are arranged in independent spaces in the space, and the second heater heats a compressive working fluid flowing through the first heater by radiant heat. The solar gas turbine according to claim 1.   3. The solar gas according to claim 1, wherein the second heater has a first heat exchanger that heats fossil fuel supplied to the combustor by exhaust gas discharged from the combustor. 4. Turbine.   The said 2nd heater has a 2nd heat exchanger which heats the compressive working fluid supplied to a said 1st heater with the waste gas discharged | emitted from the said combustor, The Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The solar thermal gas turbine as described in any one.   The solar gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the combustor of the second heater combusts fossil fuel and exhaust gas from the turbine.   6. The third heat exchanger according to claim 1, further comprising a third heat exchanger that heats the compressive working fluid pressurized by the compressor with the exhaust gas discharged from the combustor of the second heater. The solar gas turbine described in 1.   A power generation apparatus comprising: the solar thermal gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6; and a generator that is driven by the solar thermal gas turbine to generate electric power.

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