JP2012125862A - Method for arranging under-block, tool for moving the same, and machine tool with the tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for arranging an under-block for securing safety of a worker, preventing damage to a machine and the under-block, and improving installation accuracy, while allowing easy rearrangement of the under-block.SOLUTION: The method for arranging an under-block includes: a block preparing process that installs the under-block 1 in a block storage area 28A in a range to be held by a spindle 30; a tool mounting process that mounts on the spindle a tool 10 for moving the under-block having a main shaft mounting part mounted on the spindle, a block holding part 14 for holding the under-block and a pivot mechanism 15 for turning the block holding part around a horizontal pivot shaft; and a block arrangement process that arranges the under-block at a work mounting position of a table 28 with the tool for moving the under-block by relative movement. The block arrangement process includes an action for changing the posture of the under-block while the under-block is held.

Description

  The present invention relates to a layout block arranging method for supporting a work apart from an upper surface of a table, a spread block moving tool, and a machine tool including the tool.

Conventionally, in a machine tool, when a workpiece, that is, the vicinity of the bottom surface of a workpiece is machined, it is necessary to place the workpiece slightly away from the top surface of the table.
This is because when the workpiece is placed directly on the top surface of the table, when the vicinity of the bottom surface of the workpiece is machined by a tool mounted on the spindle, the tool interferes with the top surface of the table and the tool is damaged. Therefore, by placing a laying block between the upper surface of the table and the workpiece, the workpiece is floated slightly away from the upper surface of the table, and in this state, the vicinity of the bottom surface of the workpiece is processed with a tool.

In addition, a device using air pressure (see Patent Document 1) is known as a device for floating and supporting a workpiece from the upper surface of the table without using a floor block. Therefore, usually, a hard block is laid under the work.
By the way, such a block used for the purpose of being placed under the work is referred to herein as a “laying block”, and many are made of metal or iron. This is because it is convenient to obtain various shapes. As the shape of the floor block, various forms such as solid solid, hollow, frame-shaped, box-shaped, rod-shaped, plate-shaped, rail-shaped, and T-groove-shaped types are adopted.

JP 2000-219308 A

However, when arranging the above-mentioned floor block on the upper surface of the table, the weight of the floor block is heavy, so that the labor burden on the operator is large and handling is extremely difficult.
In addition, when placing, it is necessary to lift the floor block with a crane or the like, so there is a danger to the operator due to falling floor blocks, damage to the upper surface of the machine table, and damage to the floor block itself. Problems such as avoiding danger to workers, preventing machine damage, and preventing damage to the floor block itself have been problems. In addition, there has been a demand for improvement in productivity by improving the accuracy of the installation position and, consequently, more advanced automatic setting of the floor block.

  In addition, since the floor block is often formed in dimensions that differ from each other in vertical and horizontal dimensions, depending on the shape of the workpiece and the processing site, the floor block is placed vertically to increase the flying height from the table top surface to the workpiece. There is also a demand to increase the height or to set the flying height from the table top surface to the work in a horizontal arrangement.

  The purpose of the present invention is to pay attention to the above-described problems, and in addition to ensuring worker safety, preventing damage to the machine and the floor block, and improving the installation accuracy, it is possible to change the posture of the floor block such as vertically or horizontally. An object of the present invention is to provide a layout block arranging method, a layout block moving tool, and a machine tool including the tool.

  In the layout block arranging method of the present invention, in a machine tool configured such that a table on which a workpiece is placed and a main shaft are relatively movable in a three-dimensional direction, the workpiece is supported while being separated from the upper surface of the table. A floor block arranging method in which a floor block whose posture can be changed to a vertical position and a horizontal position is disposed on the upper surface of the table, and the floor block is installed in a block storage area within a range that the spindle can hold. A block preparing step, a spindle mounting part mounted on the spindle, a block holding part for holding the floor block, and a floor block moving tool having a turning mechanism for turning the block holding part around a horizontal turning axis, The spread block is held by the block holding portion of the spread block moving tool by the tool mounting process for mounting on the spindle and the relative movement. And a block placement step of placing the floor block at a preset work placement position on the upper surface of the table, wherein the block placement step is performed by the block holding portion of the floor block moving tool. In the state which hold | maintained, the operation | movement which changes the attitude | position of the said floor block by the turning operation | movement of the said turning mechanism is characterized by the above-mentioned.

According to such a configuration, the floor block is installed in a block storage area within a range in which the main shaft can be held, and the floor block moving tool having the main shaft mounting portion, the block holding portion, and the turning mechanism is used as the main shaft. After mounting, the base block is held by the block holding part of the base block moving tool by relative movement between the table and the spindle, and then the base block is arranged at a preset work placement position on the top surface of the table. As a result, it is possible to avoid an operation in which the worker directly handles the floor block by human power.
Therefore, the safety of the worker can be improved. In addition, as a result of avoiding human work by the operator, it is possible to prevent damage to the machine table and other parts due to dropping of the floor block, and damage to the floor block itself. Furthermore, since the floor block is arranged by relative movement between the table and the spindle, the layout position accuracy can be improved.

  Also, in the block placement step, in the state where the laying block is held by the block holding part of the laying block moving tool, the orientation of the laying block is changed by the turning operation of the turning mechanism, that is, from the vertical placement posture to the horizontal placement posture, Since the posture can be changed from the horizontal posture to the vertical posture, the floor block can be changed to the vertical posture or the horizontal posture in accordance with the shape of the workpiece, the processing part, or the like.

In the floor block arranging method of the present invention, in the block arranging step, the floor block moving tool is positioned at a predetermined position, and the floor block is moved by the floor block moving tool positioned at the predetermined position. It is preferable that the lifted floor block is positioned and arranged at the work placement position.
According to such a configuration, in the block arranging step, the floor block moving tool is positioned at a predetermined position, and the floor block is lifted by the floor block moving tool positioned at the predetermined position. Since the floor block is positioned and disposed at the workpiece placement position, that is, the floor block is lifted and moved and disposed, the floor block can be disposed without damaging the floor block and the table upper surface.

In the layout block arranging method according to the present invention, after the work of the workpiece is finished, instead of a machining tool for machining the workpiece, a tool exchanging step of mounting the spread block moving tool on the spindle and the relative movement. And a block recovery step of recovering the laying block to the original block storage area after holding the laying block arranged at the workpiece placement position by the block holding part of the laying block moving tool. It is preferable.
According to this configuration, after machining the workpiece, instead of the machining tool for machining the workpiece, the foundation block moving tool is mounted on the spindle, and then the block holding portion of the foundation block moving tool is moved by relative movement. After holding the floor block placed at the workpiece placement position, the floor block is recovered to the original block storage position, so that the recovery work of the floor block can be performed safely, and the machine table, It is also possible to prevent damage to other parts and the floor block itself.

The floor block moving tool of the present invention supports a work table in which the work table is separated from the upper surface of the table in a machine tool configured such that the table on which the work is placed and the spindle are relatively movable in a three-dimensional direction. And a base block moving tool for disposing a base block whose posture can be changed to a vertical position and a horizontal position on the upper surface of the table, a spindle mounting part mounted on the spindle, and a block holding part for holding the base block; And a turning mechanism for turning the block holding portion around a horizontal turning axis.
According to such a configuration, if a tool for moving the floor block is attached to the spindle of the machine tool, the floor block can be placed from the block storage area to the workpiece mounting position using the function of the machine tool. It can be recovered from the mounting position to the block storage area. Also, the posture of the floor block can be changed.

  In the spread block moving tool of the present invention, the spread block includes a bottom wall portion placed on the table, a top wall portion provided parallel to and spaced from the bottom wall portion, and the bottom A wall portion and a side wall portion that connects both ends of the upper wall portion, and is formed in a rectangular frame shape having a space inside, and the block holding portion is located at the tip of the pivot shaft with respect to the pivot shaft And a pair of insertion pieces that are provided substantially perpendicular to the connection piece from both ends of the connection piece and can be inserted into the space of the floor block. It is preferable to comprise.

  According to such a configuration, the floor block is formed in a rectangular frame shape having a space inside, and the block holding portion includes the insertion piece portion that can be inserted into the space of the floor block. By inserting the plug piece into the space of the laying block and lifting the laying block, the posture of the laying block can be changed in the lifted state. Therefore, it is possible to easily perform the lifting work and the posture changing work of the floor block, and at the target position, the insertion piece portion can be easily pulled out from the space of the floor block. Move and change posture.

A machine tool according to the present invention is a machine tool including a table on which a workpiece is placed, a main shaft, and a relative movement mechanism that relatively moves the table and the main shaft in a three-dimensional direction, and is detachably mounted on the main shaft. Specified from among the tool for moving and processing the floor block to be used, the tool magazine storing the tool for moving the floor block and the machining tool, and the tool for moving the floor block and the processing tool stored in the tool magazine A tool changer that mounts any of the tools on the spindle, and supports the work in a state where the work is separated from the upper surface of the table, and the posture can be changed to be placed vertically or horizontally. A block storage area for installing a rectangular frame-shaped floor block is provided, and the floor block moving tool includes a spindle mounting portion mounted on the spindle. And a block holder for holding the laid blocks, and having a turning mechanism, the swiveling operation of the block retaining portion about a horizontal pivot axis.
According to such a configuration, an effect similar to that of the above-described layout block arranging method can be expected.

The perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the tool for floor block movement of this invention. The perspective view which shows an example of the floor block used by embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows one Embodiment of the machine tool of this invention. The figure which showed the arrangement | positioning state of the floor block on the table in embodiment same as the above. The perspective view of the state before the attitude | position change of a floor block in the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. The conceptual diagram of the state which supported the workpiece | work in the state which arranged the floor block vertically on the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. The conceptual diagram of the state which supported the workpiece | work in the state which arranged the floor block horizontally on the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. The perspective view of the state before the attitude | position change of a floor block in the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. The perspective view of the state which lifted the floor block in the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. The perspective view after the attitude | position change of a floor block in the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. The perspective view of the installation state of a floor block in the machine tool of embodiment same as the above. Sectional drawing at the time of the attitude | position change which shows the modification of the spread block moving tool of this invention. Sectional drawing at the time of direction change in a modification same as the above. The perspective view which shows the modification of the machine tool of this invention.

<Description of the tool for moving the floor block (see FIG. 1)>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a floor block moving tool 10 used in the present embodiment, which adopts the same shape as a tool used for automatic tool change used in a machine tool, and is a tool of a machine tool. The same handling is possible.

  The floor block moving tool 10 is mainly considered to correspond to a rectangular frame-shaped floor block, and includes a main shaft mounting portion 11, a columnar first connecting portion 12 and a block connected to the main shaft mounting portion 11. Second connecting portion 13, a block holding portion 14 provided on one side of the second connecting portion 13, and a block holding portion 14 provided in the second connecting portion 13 with respect to the axis of the spindle mounting portion 11. And a turning mechanism 15 that turns around an orthogonal axis (turning shaft 15A).

  The spindle mounting portion 11 can be mounted on the spindle of a machine tool, similarly to a machining tool having a cutting blade such as a general drill or cutter. Therefore, the taper shank 11A inserted into the spindle, this A pull stud 11B provided on the small diameter portion side of the taper shank 11A and a tool grip ring portion 11C provided on the large diameter portion side of the taper shank 11A for gripping with an automatic tool changer (ATC) are provided. The tool grip ring portion 11C is formed with a V groove 11D for engaging an ATC holder and a key groove 11E for locking that is engaged with the main shaft when mounted on the main shaft.

  The block holding part 14 is formed in a U shape. Specifically, the connecting piece portion 14A provided at the tip of the turning shaft 15A orthogonal to the turning shaft 15A, and the both ends of the connecting piece portion 14A are substantially perpendicular to the connecting piece portion 14A and parallel to each other. One is provided in a U-shape having a pair of insertion pieces 14B, 14C that can be inserted into the space of the floor block. The distance between the pair of insertion piece portions 14B and 14C is formed to be larger than the thickness of the frame portion (side wall portions 1C and 1D described later) of the floor block. Therefore, after inserting the pair of insertion pieces 14B and 14C into the installation block so that the side wall piece of the installation block is sandwiched between the pair of insertion pieces 14B and 14C, if the block holding portion 14 is lifted, the installation is performed. If the block can be lifted and moved in this state, the floor block can be moved to a predetermined position.

  The swivel mechanism 15 is disposed in the second connecting portion 13 so as to be rotatable perpendicularly to the axis of the main shaft mounting portion 11, and the swiveling shaft 15A is disposed in the second connecting portion 13 to swivel the swiveling shaft 15A. And a rotational drive source 15B. The rotational drive source 15B may be a drive source such as a motor, but is not limited thereto.

<Description of the floor block (see FIG. 2)>
FIG. 2 shows the floor block 1. The floor block 1 includes a bottom wall portion 1A placed on a table of a machine tool, an upper wall portion 1B provided parallel to and spaced from the bottom wall portion 1A, a bottom wall portion 1A and an upper wall. It has side wall portions 1C and 1D that connect both ends of the portion 1B, and is formed in a rectangular frame shape having a space 1E inside. The dimension L1 of the side wall parts 1C and 1D is larger than the dimension L2 of the bottom wall part 1A and the upper wall part 1B. Therefore, the state in which the bottom wall portion 1A is placed on the upper surface of the table 28 (vertical placement) is different from the state in which the side wall portions 1C and 1D are placed on the upper surface of the table 28 (horizontal placement). The flying height from 28 to the workpiece can be increased.

<Description of machine tool (see Fig. 3)>
FIG. 3 shows a machine tool 20 for placing the floor block 1 using the floor block moving tool 10.
The machine tool 20 is a portal machine tool, and includes a left column 22, a right column 23, and a cross beam 24, which are integrally formed of a casting so as to increase mechanical rigidity. Yes.
A spindle head 25 is assembled to the cross beam 24 so as to be movable in the left-right direction in the figure as a Y-axis by a servo motor or the like. A spindle 30 as a spindle is incorporated in the spindle head 25 by a ram 26 so as to be movable in the vertical direction as a Z axis. The spindle 30 includes a servo motor whose rotational position is detected so that continuous rotation and rotational positioning can be performed as a C-axis (a rotation axis parallel to the Z-axis).
On the upper surface of the bed 29 between the left column 22 and the right column 23, a table 28 on which a workpiece is placed is provided as an X axis so as to be movable in the front-rear direction in the figure. Accordingly, the table 28 on which the workpiece is placed and the spindle 30 constituting the main shaft are configured to be movable in the three-dimensional directions of the X, Y, and Z axes by a relative movement mechanism (not shown).

On the left column 22 side, a tool magazine 40 and an ATC 50 are attached.
The tool magazine 40 stores a floor block moving tool 10 and a number of machining tools mounted on a spindle 30 as a main shaft.
The ATC 50 attaches any tool specified from the floor block moving tool 10 and the machining tool stored in the tool magazine 40 to the spindle 30 as the main spindle, and also attaches the tool attached to the spindle 30 to the tool 30. It is operated to collect in the tool magazine 40. That is, the tool is exchanged between the tool magazine 40 and the spindle 30 that is the spindle.

<Description of block storage area (see FIG. 4)>
FIG. 4 shows a block storage area 28 </ b> A provided on the back side of the upper surface of the table 28 in the machine tool 20 (the table minus direction moving side in the X-axis coordinates).
In the block storage area 28 </ b> A, a plurality of floor blocks 1 are arranged in a vertical orientation at regular intervals in a horizontal row. The installation locations of these floor blocks 1 are defined by the coordinates of the center position of the upper surface.

<Explanation of manual placement method for floor blocks>
First, a method for operating the machine tool 20 manually or by MDI (manual data input), that is, a method for arranging the floor block 1 manually or semi-automatically will be described.
(1) First, the floor block 1 is installed in the block storage area 28A within a range that can be held by the spindle 30 as the main shaft (block preparation step). Here, a plurality of floor blocks 1 are installed on the back side of the upper surface of the table 28 (the table minus direction movement side in the X-axis coordinates).
(2) Next, the floor block moving tool 10 is mounted on the spindle 30 which is the main shaft (tool mounting step). For this purpose, in the same way as the tool change, after selecting the floor block moving tool 10, a tool replacement command is issued, and the selected floor block moving tool 10 is mounted on the spindle 30. Alternatively, the floor block moving tool 10 may be mounted on the spindle 30 completely manually instead of using a tool change command.

(3) Next, as shown in FIG. 5, after the first spread block 1 is held by the block holding portion 14 of the spread block moving tool 10 by the relative movement of the relative movement mechanism, the spread block 1 is placed on the table 28. Is placed at a preset workpiece placement position on the upper surface of the substrate (block placement step).
Specifically, the following operation is performed.
(3-1) The machine tool 20 is manually operated to move the spread block moving tool 10 to the vicinity of the block storage area 28A where the spread block 1 is installed. Also, the positioning block moving tool 10 is moved to the vicinity of the floor block 1 to be moved first by manual operation or MDI and positioned.
(3-2) Here, it is checked whether the direction of the block holding portion 14 of the spread block moving tool 10 is rotated in such a direction as to lift the frame portion of the spread block 1. When the orientation of the block holding portion 14 is not in such a direction as to lift the frame portion of the floor block 1, the direction is changed to the direction of lifting by rotating the C axis of the spindle 30 (confirming the direction of the floor block moving tool).
(3-3) Furthermore, after adjusting the position in the Z-axis direction so that the height of the floor block 1 can be lifted, that is, by moving the X axis, Are inserted into the space 1 E of the floor block 1. After that, the Z-axis is moved so as to lift the frame body of the floor block 1 by the block holding portion 14 of the floor block moving tool 10, and the floor block 1 is lifted (approach and lifting of the floor block moving tool).
(3-4) After moving the floor block moving tool 10 to the workpiece placement position and adjusting the orientation of the layout block 1 by rotating the C axis at that position, the Z axis is lowered to lower the floor block 1 Arrange (layout of floor block).
(3-5) The spindle 30 is moved so that the floor block moving tool 10 is pulled out from the moved floor block 1.

(4) Next, after the second floor block 1 is moved to the workpiece placement position in the same manner as the first floor block 1 moved first, the predetermined position and orientation of the workpiece placement position To place.
When this is repeated up to the desired last floor block 1, a plurality of floor blocks 1 are arranged in a predetermined orientation at the workpiece placement position.
In this way, after placing the floor block 1 at the workpiece placement position, the workpiece W is placed on the floor block 1 for processing (see FIG. 6). In the machining, the machining tool 61 for machining the workpiece W is mounted on the spindle 30 instead of the floor block moving tool 10, and then the workpiece W is machined by the machining tool 61.

(5) After the processing of the workpiece W is completed, the floor block moving tool 10 is mounted on the spindle 30 instead of the processing tool 61 for processing the workpiece W (tool changing step).
For this purpose, in the same way as the tool change, after selecting the spread block moving tool 10, a tool change command is issued and the spread block moving tool 10 is mounted on the spindle 30. Alternatively, the spread block moving tool 10 may be mounted on the spindle 30 completely manually instead of using a tool change command.
(6) After holding the floor block 1 arranged at the workpiece placement position by the block holding unit 14 of the floor block moving tool 10 by relative movement, the floor block 1 is recovered in the original block storage area 28A ( Block recovery process). Thereby, a series of work of arrangement | positioning of the floor block 1, a process of a workpiece | work, and collection | recovery of the floor block 1 is completed.

  In the above description, the method of arranging the floor block 1 manually or semi-automatically has been described. In short, the floor block moving tool 10 is mounted on the spindle 30 of the machine tool 20 and the XYZ axis moving function of the relative movement mechanism is used. Then, the spindle 30 is brought close to the vicinity of the block storage area 28A where the floor block 1 is installed, and the orientation of the floor block moving tool 10 is changed to the direction of the floor block 1 using the C-axis rotational positioning of the spindle 30. After the correspondence, the floor block 1 is inserted to a position where it can be pulled up, and the Z axis is lifted and moved to the workpiece placement position. After the orientation of the floor block 1 is adjusted at the work placement position, the floor block 1 is placed with the Z-axis lowered, and then the floor block moving tool 10 is pulled out of the floor block 1 and returned to the original position. Do this one after another.

<Explanation of layout block placement method by automatic program>
Next, a method for arranging the laying block 1 by an automatic program using an NC machining program used in the numerical controller for moving and laying the laying block 1 will be described. In this embodiment, the spread block moving tool 10 is stored in the tool magazine 40 as a general tool, as in the manual method.
Explain the contents of the automatic program. In this example, the floor block 1 is sequentially moved and arranged from the position of the block storage area 28A to the workpiece placement position.

(11) First, the tool is changed as a tool change command Tnnn, the floor block moving tool 10 is mounted on the spindle 30, and the spindle 30 is moved to the standby position Pw (Pw may be a position convenient for the workpiece). (Tool mounting process).
(12) Next, an XYZ axis movement command for moving the spindle 30 to the approach position of the floor block 1 is issued. Thereby, the spindle 30 is moved to the approach position of the floor block 1.
(13) C-axis orientation is performed, and the orientation of the spread block moving tool 10 is adjusted in a direction that enables the spread block 1 to be lifted.
(14) An X-axis movement command for moving the spindle 30 to the suspended position of the floor block 1 is issued. Thereby, the spindle 30 is moved to the lifting position.
(15) A Z-axis command is issued so that the floor block 1 is lifted.
(16) An XY axis movement command for moving the spindle 30 to the workpiece placement position is issued. As a result, the spindle 30 is moved to the workpiece placement position.
(17) At the moved work placement position, a C-axis rotation command is issued so that the orientation of the floor block 1 becomes a desired direction. Thereby, the direction of the floor block 1 is set to a desired direction.
(18) Command to move downward along the Z-axis. Thereby, the floor block 1 is lowered and installed.
(19) After pulling out the block holding unit 14 from the floor block 1 with an X-axis movement command, the block holding unit 14 is pulled up with a Z-axis movement command.
(20) The spindle 30 is moved to the standby position.
(21) The spindle 30 is moved to the approach position of the next floor block 1 and a movement command is issued in the same manner as the first floor block 1.
(22) A program command is issued until the movement of the last floor block 1 is completed.

In this example, the plurality of floor blocks 1 are moved and arranged in order, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a movement setting program may be incorporated at random.
Further, the spindle 30 is described as being returned to the first standby position for the movement of the floor block 1. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a command program may be incorporated so as to advance directly to the position of the next floor block.

In the above-described example, the vertically placed floor block 1 is arranged at the workpiece placement position while maintaining the vertically placed posture. However, the posture of the floor block 1 is changed and placed at the workpiece placement position. It can also be.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the upper surface or the side surface of the workpiece W is to be machined by the machining tool 62, the vertically placed floor block 1 is arranged in the landscape orientation at the workpiece placement position on the table 28. It may be advantageous to do so.
In such a case, as shown in FIG. 8, any one of the insertion pieces 14 </ b> B and 14 </ b> C of the floor block moving tool 10 is inserted into the space 1 </ b> E of the floor block 1. After that, as shown in FIG. 9, the Z axis is moved so as to lift the frame body of the floor block 1 by the block holding portion 14 of the floor block moving tool 10, and the floor block 1 is lifted. Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the turning shaft 15A of the floor block moving tool 10 is turned 90 degrees, and the floor block 1 is turned 90 degrees. Then, the posture of the floor block 1 is changed from the vertical posture to the horizontal posture. Finally, as shown in FIG. 11, with this posture (horizontal posture), the Z-axis is lowered to place the floor block 1 at the workpiece placement position.

Therefore, depending on the shape of the workpiece, the processing site, etc., the floor block 1 is placed vertically to increase the flying height from the upper surface of the table 28 to the workpiece W, or the floor block 1 is placed horizontally to place the table 28. The flying height from the upper surface to the workpiece W can be set low.
On the contrary, in order to change the posture of the floor block 1 from the horizontal position to the vertical position, an operation opposite to the above-described operation may be performed.
The operation of changing the posture of the floor block 1 by turning the swing axis 15A of the floor block moving tool 10 by 90 degrees is as long as the floor block 1 is lifted from the upper surface of the table 28. You may go on.

<Effect of embodiment>
According to the above-described embodiment, the floor block 1 is set to preset coordinates, the floor block moving tool 10 is stored in the tool magazine 40 in the same manner as a general tool, and tool replacement is performed in the same manner as a tool. Similarly, the machine tool 20 is controlled by a manual operation, a semi-automatic operation by an MDI command, or an automatic program using a processing program of a numerical controller so that the floor block 1 is pulled up by setting to the spindle 30. Since the floor block 1 is lifted and moved and arranged, it is possible to avoid the work that the operator handles directly by human power.

  Therefore, safety for the operator can be improved. In addition, as a result of avoiding human work by the operator, it is possible to prevent damage to the machine table and other parts due to dropping of the floor block 1, and damage to the floor block 1 itself. Furthermore, since the layout of the floor block 1 is performed by positioning with a numerical control (NC) device, it is possible to expect improvement in the placement position accuracy and the direction accuracy.

  In addition, since the posture of the floor block 1 can be changed from the vertical posture to the horizontal posture, and conversely, the posture can be changed from the horizontal posture to the vertical posture. Therefore, the workpiece W can be set to an optimum machining posture. Therefore, high-precision processing can be expected while ensuring safety.

<Description of modification>
In the above-described embodiment, the floor block 1 is installed in advance at a predetermined coordinate position in the block storage area 28A, is lifted using the floor block moving tool 10, and the workpiece is moved using the XYZC axis movement positioning mechanism. Although moved to the placement position, the present invention is not limited to this example, and various modifications can be employed.

  The structure of the floor block moving tool 10 is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment. For example, the first connecting portion 12 and the second connecting portion 13 are configured separately from the spindle mounting portion 11 connected to the spindle 30, and the first connecting portion 12 and the second connecting portion 13 are rotated by the spindle 30. The rotation transmission mechanism is fixed to a stationary member (for example, a support member that supports the spindle) so as not to rotate, and transmits the rotation of the spindle mounting portion 11 to the rotation of the turning shaft 15 </ b> A inside the second connection portion 13. (For example, two bevel gear mechanisms meshing with each other) may be included. In this way, the turning shaft 15 </ b> A can be turned by the rotation of the spindle 30. That is, the posture of the floor block 1 can be changed by the rotation of the spindle 30.

  Specifically, the floor block moving tool 10B having the structure shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 can be used. This is rotatable about a fixed member 70 fixed to a support member (for example, the ram 26) that supports the spindle 30, the movable member 80, the block holding portion 14, the fixed member 70, and the movable member 80. A rotating shaft 90 that is supported and connected to the spindle 30 that is the main shaft via the main shaft mounting portion 11, and the block holding portion 14 is swiveled around a horizontal axis (swivel axis) by rotation from the rotating shaft 90. The turning mechanism 100 and a switching mechanism 110 that switches whether the rotation of the rotating shaft 90 is transmitted to either the turning mechanism 100 or the movable member 80 are provided.

  A central hole 72 in which the rotary shaft 90 is rotatably accommodated is opened at the center of the movable member side facing surface 71 of the fixed member 70, and a cylindrical circumferential cavity 73 is formed around the central hole 72. A plurality of positioning slits 74 are formed around the circumferential cavity 73. The positioning slits 74 are each formed by engraving along the movable member side facing surface 71 from the inner peripheral surface of the circular cavity 73 and extending radially around the central hole 72, and along the outside of the circular cavity 73. They are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees.

  A central hole 82 in which the rotary shaft 90 is rotatably accommodated is opened at the center of the fixed member side facing surface 81 of the movable member 80, and a cylindrical retraction cavity 83 is formed around the central hole 82. A plurality of retraction slits 84 are formed around the retraction cavity 83. The retraction slits 84 are each formed by engraving along the movable member side facing surface 71 from the inner peripheral surface of the retraction cavity 83 and extending radially from the center hole 72 along the outer side of the retraction cavity 83. They are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees.

  A fluid flow path 91 is formed in the rotary shaft 90 along the axial direction, and two insertion slits 92 are formed at intervals of 180 degrees in the middle of the outer peripheral wall. The fluid flow path 91 communicates with the fluid flow path at the center of the spindle 30 through the central cavity of the spindle mounting portion 11, and compressed air is supplied from the machine tool by a control command of the machine tool.

  The swivel mechanism 100 includes a swivel shaft 101 disposed in the movable member 80 at right angles to the rotation shaft 90, a first bevel gear 102 fixed to the swivel shaft 101, and a mesh with the first bevel gear 102. And a second bevel gear 103 fixed to the rotary shaft 90.

  The switching mechanism 110 includes a piston 111 movably housed in the fluid passage 91 of the rotating shaft 90, a coil spring 112 inserted between the lower end of the piston 111 and the inner bottom surface of the fluid passage 91, An engagement pin 113 that protrudes from the outer periphery of the piston 111 at an angular interval of 180 degrees and passes through the insertion slit 92 and is inserted into the revolving cavity 73 of the fixed member 70 and the retraction slit 84 of the movable member 80, and the retraction slit 84 Bearing 114 and annular plate 115, coil spring 116 that urges annular plate 115 so that bearing 114 is always in contact with engagement pin 113, and projection slit 84 that projects from the outer periphery of annular plate 115 toward the outer periphery. A fixing pin 117 which stands up and is inserted into the positioning slit 74 of the fixing member 70. Nde is configured.

  Therefore, when the piston 111 is above the rotation shaft 90 (the state shown in FIG. 12), the engagement pin 113 is inserted into the circular cavity 73 of the fixing member 70 through the insertion slit 92. In this state, the engaging pin 113 does not interfere with the fixing member 70, and the rotating shaft 90 can freely rotate with respect to the fixing member 70. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 90 rotates, the turning shaft 101 rotates via the second bevel gear 103 and the first bevel gear 102, so that the block holding portion 14 is turned. That is, the posture of the floor block 1 can be changed from the vertical position to the horizontal position, or vice versa.

  Further, when the piston 111 moves below the rotating shaft 90 (the state shown in FIG. 13), the engaging pin 113 exits the circular cavity 73 and enters the retraction slit 84 of the movable member 80. In this state, since the engagement pin 113 is engaged with the retracting slit 84, the rotation of the rotating shaft 90 is transmitted from the engaging pin 113 to the movable member 80 via the retracting slit 84. Then, since the movable member 80 rotates, the direction of the turning shaft 101 can be changed. That is, the orientation of the floor block 1 can be changed while holding the floor block 1.

  As another method, an angle attachment (attachment of a type in which a pivot axis is provided perpendicular to the spindle and the pivot axis rotates by rotation of the spindle) is attached to the vertical (downward) spindle, and this angle The same effect can be expected even if a straight type spread block moving tool in which the spindle mounting portion 11 and the block holding portion 14 are linearly arranged is used as the pivot axis of the attachment.

  In the floor block moving tool described above, after inserting any of the insertion pieces 14B and 15C of the floor block moving tool into the space 1E of the floor block 1, the frame portion (side wall portion) of the floor block 1 is inserted. 1C, 1D, any one of the bottom wall portion 1A and the upper wall portion 1B) can be provided to move the floor block 1 more stably by providing a locking mechanism that presses the insertion piece portions 14B, 15C. .

In the above embodiment, the floor block moving tool 10 is stored in the tool magazine 40 and mounted on the spindle 30 by exchanging the tools. However, it may be stored in a place other than the tool magazine 40. . Of course, the spindle 30 may be manually mounted without being stored in the tool magazine 40.
Further, a portal machine tool is used as the machine tool, and the orientation of the floor block moving tool 10 is controlled to correspond to the orientation of the floor block 1 using the C-axis rotational positioning control. It may be done on the table side.

  Further, the machine tool is not limited to a portal machine tool, but may be another type of machine tool. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the present invention can be applied to a machine tool such as a horizontal machining center in which a spindle 30 as a main shaft is horizontal. In this case, the horizontally supported spindle 30 is provided to be movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) and the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction), and the table 28 is configured to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction). In the machine tool, the spindle mounting portion 11 of the floor block moving tool 10C is horizontally attached to the spindle 30, and the block holding portion 14 is turned by the spindle 30, that is, the block holding portion 14 is centered on the horizontal axis. It is a swivel structure. Even with such a structure, the effect of the above embodiment can be expected.

In addition, when the floor block 1 is installed in the block storage area 28A, it is not limited to the example in which the floor block 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the table 28 with an interval as in the above-described example. Good.
The block storage area 28A is the upper surface portion of the table 28. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any area other than the table 28 can be used as long as the floor block moving tool 10 can be held. it can.

  The present invention can be used for a machine tool in which a table and a spindle can be relatively moved in a three-dimensional direction.

1 ... floor block,
1A ... bottom wall,
1B ... Upper wall,
1C, 1D ... side wall,
1E ... space,
10, 10B, 10C ... floor block moving tool,
11 ... Spindle mounting part,
14 ... Block holding part,
15 ... turning mechanism,
28 ... Table,
28A: Block storage area,
30 ... Spindle (spindle),
40 ... Tool magazine,
50 ... Automatic tool changer (ATC),
61, 62 ... Machining tools.

Claims (6)

In a machine tool configured such that the table on which the workpiece is placed and the spindle can be moved relative to each other in a three-dimensional direction, the workpiece can be supported while being separated from the upper surface of the table, and the posture can be changed to vertical or horizontal orientation. A layout block arranging method for arranging a floor block on the upper surface of the table,
A block preparation step of installing the floor block in a block storage area within a range that the spindle can hold;
A tool for mounting a spindle block moving tool having a spindle mounting part mounted on the spindle, a block holding part for holding the floor block, and a turning mechanism for turning the block holding part around a horizontal turning axis to the spindle. Installation process;
A block placement step of placing the spread block at a preset workpiece placement position on the upper surface of the table after holding the spread block by the block holding portion of the spread block moving tool by the relative movement. ,
The block arranging step includes an operation of changing a posture of the laying block by a turning operation of the turning mechanism in a state where the laying block is held by a block holding unit of the laying block moving tool. Placement method of floor block. In the layout method of the floor block according to claim 1,
In the block arranging step, the spread block moving tool is positioned at a predetermined position, and the spread block is lifted by the spread block moving tool positioned at the predetermined position, and the lifted spread block The layout block is arranged by positioning the workpiece at the workpiece placement position. In the layout method of the floor block of Claim 1 or Claim 2,
After the processing of the workpiece, instead of a processing tool for processing the workpiece, a tool changing step of mounting the spread block moving tool on the spindle,
A block recovery step of recovering the laying block to the original block storage area after holding the laying block arranged at the workpiece placement position by the block holding part of the laying block moving tool by the relative movement. A layout block arranging method characterized by comprising: In a machine tool configured such that the table on which the workpiece is placed and the spindle can be moved relative to each other in a three-dimensional direction, the workpiece can be supported while being separated from the upper surface of the table, and the posture can be changed to vertical or horizontal orientation. A floor block moving tool for placing a floor block on the upper surface of the table,
A main shaft mounting portion mounted on the main shaft;
A block holding unit for holding the floor block;
A floor block moving tool comprising: a turning mechanism for turning the block holding portion around a horizontal turning axis. In the spread block moving tool according to claim 4,
The floor block includes a bottom wall portion placed on the table, an upper wall portion provided parallel to and spaced from the bottom wall portion, and between the both ends of the bottom wall portion and the upper wall portion. And is formed in a rectangular frame shape having a space inside,
The block holding part is provided at a tip of the swivel shaft at a right angle to the swivel axis, and one end of the block holding part is provided at a right angle from both ends of the connection piece part. A floor block moving tool comprising a pair of insertion pieces that can be inserted into the space of the floor block. In a machine tool comprising a table on which a workpiece is placed, a spindle, and a relative movement mechanism that relatively moves the table and the spindle in a three-dimensional direction,
A tool for moving a floor block and a tool for machining, which are detachably attached to the spindle,
A tool magazine storing the spread block moving tool and machining tool;
A tool exchanging device for mounting any one of the tools specified from the floor block moving tool and the processing tool stored in the tool magazine to the spindle;
On the upper surface of the table, a block storage area is provided for installing a rectangular frame-shaped floor block that supports the workpiece in a state of being separated from the upper surface of the table and can change the posture in a vertical or horizontal orientation,
The floor block moving tool includes a main shaft mounting portion mounted on the main shaft, a block holding portion that holds the floor block, and a turning mechanism that turns the block holding portion around a horizontal turning axis. A machine tool characterized by having a machine tool.

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