JP2012121733A - Method for producing lime granular material - Google Patents
Method for producing lime granular material Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012121733A JP2012121733A JP2010271108A JP2010271108A JP2012121733A JP 2012121733 A JP2012121733 A JP 2012121733A JP 2010271108 A JP2010271108 A JP 2010271108A JP 2010271108 A JP2010271108 A JP 2010271108A JP 2012121733 A JP2012121733 A JP 2012121733A
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- limestone
- granular material
- lime
- dehydrated cake
- mass
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、石灰石成品製造工程で発生する石灰石粉末を含む高含水物（以下、「石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキ」と云う）に、膨潤性粘土を添加したものを真空造粒機により粒状化する石灰粒状体の製造方法に関する。
より詳しくは、本発明は、高い硬度と崩壊性に優れた、肥料として好適に使用することができる石灰粒状体の製造方法に関する。
The present invention is a lime granule obtained by granulating a high water content containing limestone powder generated in the limestone product manufacturing process (hereinafter referred to as “limestone washing and dewatering cake”) by adding a swellable clay with a vacuum granulator. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a body.
In more detail, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the lime granular material which is excellent in high hardness and disintegration and can be used conveniently as a fertilizer.
石灰石はセメント原料、製鉄副原料、砕石をはじめ、製紙、樹脂、ゴム、塗料、肥料、飼料、食品等の様々な用途で使用されている。これらの用途で使用される石灰石の成品製造工程では、通常破砕した石灰石の表面を水洗して付着した微粉を除去し、除去後水洗排水を遠心分離機、真空ドラム脱水機、シックナ―、フィルタープレス、あるいはシックナ―とフィルタープレスの組み合わせ等により脱水している。この工程によって、石灰石の微粉を含む高含水のケーキである石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキが大量に発生している。 Limestone is used in various applications such as cement raw materials, iron-making auxiliary raw materials, crushed stones, papermaking, resins, rubber, paints, fertilizers, feeds, foods and the like. In the limestone product manufacturing process used in these applications, the crushed limestone surface is usually washed with water to remove the adhering fine powder, and after removal, the washed wastewater is centrifuged, vacuum drum dehydrator, thickener, filter press Or dehydrated by a combination of thickener and filter press. By this process, a large amount of limestone washed dehydrated cake, which is a highly water-containing cake containing limestone fine powder, is generated.
この石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキは、その固形分の大部分が石灰石粉末であるにもかかわらず、水分を１０〜３０質量％含んでいるため、用途に大きな制約があり、一部は廃棄されこれまで十分に活用されていなかった。
この石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキを有効利用するために、いくつかの方法が開示されている。例えば、特許文献１と２には、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキに生石灰を主成分とする石灰焼成炉の副生物を混合し、造粒する方法が開示されている。また、特許文献３には、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキに含まれる粘土鉱物を活用して、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキを単独あるいは少量の粘土鉱物を添加して造粒する方法が開示されている。
This limestone washed dehydrated cake contains 10 to 30% by mass of water despite the fact that most of its solid content is limestone powder, so there are significant restrictions on its use, and some of it has been discarded and is sufficient It was not used for.
In order to make effective use of this limestone washed dehydrated cake, several methods have been disclosed. For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a method of mixing and granulating a byproduct of a lime baking furnace mainly composed of quicklime in a limestone washed dehydrated cake. Patent Document 3 discloses a method of granulating a limestone washed dehydrated cake alone or by adding a small amount of clay mineral using clay minerals contained in the limestone washed dehydrated cake.
しかしながら、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキと生石灰とを混合して得られる粒は非常に硬度が高いため、水と接触しても容易に崩壊せず、従って、土壌の酸度矯正、肥料用途、融雪剤用途等には適さない。
一方、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキに粘土鉱物を添加して押出成形や転動造粒等によって造粒する特許文献３記載の方法では、造粒後の経時変化によって造粒物の硬度が低下する現象が見られた。そして、硬度が安定状態に達した後では、1.0kgf以上の高い硬度が得られ難かった。
However, the grains obtained by mixing limestone washed dehydrated cake and quicklime are very hard, so they do not disintegrate easily when contacted with water. Therefore, soil acidity correction, fertilizer use, snow melting agent use, etc. Not suitable for.
On the other hand, in the method described in Patent Document 3 in which clay mineral is added to a limestone washed dehydrated cake and granulated by extrusion molding, rolling granulation, or the like, there is a phenomenon that the hardness of the granulated product decreases due to a change with time after granulation. It was seen. And after hardness reached a stable state, it was difficult to obtain high hardness of 1.0 kgf or more.
そこで、本発明者らは石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキを粒状肥料として利用するために鋭意検討した結果、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキの造粒機として真空造粒機を用いると、造粒時における圧密化の阻害要因となっている石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキ中の空気が除去され緻密な粒状物が得られることを見出した。しかし、この方法ではダイラタンシー、即ち、力を加えて粒子が密集すると粒子間の隙間が小さくなり強度が増し固体になるが、力を加えるのを止めると再び粒子間の隙間が広がり元の液状に戻る現象が起きた。そこで更に検討を進めた結果、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキと膨潤性粘土とを所定の配合量で混合した後、真空造粒機で造粒するとダイラタンシー現象が起こり難くなることを見出した。本発明は、これら知見に基づいて高い硬度を有する石灰粒状体に関する発明を完成させたものである。 Therefore, as a result of intensive investigations to use the limestone washed dewatered cake as a granular fertilizer, the present inventors use a vacuum granulator as a granulator for the limestone washed dewatered cake. It was found that the air in the limestone washed dehydrated cake was removed and a dense granular material was obtained. However, in this method, dilatancy, that is, when force is applied and the particles are densely packed, the gaps between the particles are reduced and the strength is increased to become solid. The return phenomenon occurred. As a result of further investigations, it was found that the dilatancy phenomenon hardly occurs when the limestone washed dehydrated cake and the swellable clay are mixed in a predetermined blending amount and then granulated with a vacuum granulator. This invention completes the invention regarding the lime granular material which has high hardness based on these knowledge.
即ち、本発明は、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキと膨潤性粘土とを、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキ１００質量部(固形分)に対し、膨潤性粘土を１〜５質量部の割合で混合した後、真空造粒機で造粒し、乾燥することを特徴とする石灰粒状体の製造方法に関するものである。
また、本発明は、前記製造方法によって得られた石灰粒状体を、さらに破砕する石灰粒状体の製造方法に関するものである。
さらに、本発明は、前記膨潤性粘土が、ベンナイト、天然スメクタイト、合成スメクタイト、及び膨潤性マイカからなる群から選ばれる１種以上である石灰粒状体の製造方法に関するものである。
That is, in the present invention, after mixing the limestone washed dewatered cake and the swellable clay with 100 parts by mass (solid content) of the limestone washed dehydrated cake at a ratio of 1 to 5 parts by mass, vacuum granulation is performed. It is related with the manufacturing method of the lime granular material characterized by granulating with a machine and drying.
Moreover, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the lime granular material which crushes further the lime granular material obtained by the said manufacturing method.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a lime granule, wherein the swellable clay is at least one selected from the group consisting of bennite, natural smectite, synthetic smectite, and swellable mica.
本発明の石灰粒状体は、高い硬度を有するので機械散布に適し、特に、これを土壌の酸度矯正或いは肥料等として使用するときは、膨潤性粘土が崩壊剤としても作用するために
散布後に水との接触によって崩壊し易い、即ち、早期にその効果を発現するという利点を有する。
The lime granule according to the present invention is suitable for machine spraying because it has a high hardness. Especially when this is used as soil acidity correction or as a fertilizer, the swellable clay also acts as a disintegrating agent, so that water is applied after spraying. It is easy to disintegrate by contact with, that is, it has an advantage of exhibiting its effect at an early stage.
そして、本発明に利用する原料は、ほとんど廃棄状態にあるものであるから、極めて安価に本発明石灰粒状体を製造することができる等数々の利点を有するものである。本発明石灰粒状体は、特に肥料として有効活用できることは勿論、融雪剤等としても有効に利用することができる。
上記のように本発明の石灰粒状体は、肥料としての実質的価値は勿論、環境保全の観点からもその産業的意義は多大である。
And since the raw material utilized for this invention is a thing in a discard state, it has many advantages, such as being able to manufacture this invention lime granular material very cheaply. The lime granular material of the present invention can be effectively used as a fertilizer, as well as a snow melting agent.
As described above, the lime granular material of the present invention has great industrial significance from the viewpoint of environmental conservation as well as substantial value as a fertilizer.
以下において、本発明の石灰粒状体の製造方法について更に詳細に説明する。
本発明で云うところの石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキとは、前記の通り石灰石成品製造工程において石灰石の表面に付着した微粉を除去・分離する水洗工程で発生する水洗排水をフィルタープレス等で固液分離して得られる脱水ケーキのことである。本発明に利用する石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキの含水率は、１０〜３０質量％であることが好ましい。本発明では前記範囲内の含水率であれば問題なく使用できるが、１５〜２５質量％が特に好ましい。
Below, the manufacturing method of the lime granular material of this invention is demonstrated still in detail.
As described above, the limestone washing dehydrated cake according to the present invention is obtained by solid-liquid separation of the washing wastewater generated in the washing step of removing / separating fine powder adhering to the surface of the limestone in the limestone product production process with a filter press or the like. It is the dehydrated cake obtained. It is preferable that the moisture content of the limestone washing | cleaning dehydration cake utilized for this invention is 10-30 mass%. In the present invention, any water content within the above range can be used without any problem, but 15 to 25% by mass is particularly preferable.
膨潤性粘土とは、水との接触により水を吸収し膨潤する粘土のことであり、このような性質を有するものであれば制限なく使用できる。本発明者らが推奨する膨潤性粘土として、特にベンナイト、天然スメクタイト、合成スメクタイト、及び膨潤性マイカからなる群から選ばれる１種以上を好例として挙げることができる。 The swelling clay is a clay that absorbs water and swells upon contact with water, and any clay having such properties can be used without limitation. As a swellable clay recommended by the present inventors, at least one selected from the group consisting of bennite, natural smectite, synthetic smectite, and swellable mica can be cited as a good example.
石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキと膨潤性粘土の混合割合は、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキ１００質量部(固形分)に対し、膨潤性粘土が１〜５質量部の割合である。膨潤性粘土の混合割合が１質量部未満であると、ダイラタンシー現象を防止するのに充分ではない。一方、前記混合割合が５質量部を超えても添加量に見合う効果が得られないため経済的でない。 The mixing ratio of the limestone washed dewatered cake and the swellable clay is 1 to 5 parts by mass of the swellable clay with respect to 100 parts by mass (solid content) of the limestone washed dehydrated cake. If the mixing ratio of the swellable clay is less than 1 part by mass, it is not sufficient to prevent the dilatancy phenomenon. On the other hand, even if the mixing ratio exceeds 5 parts by mass, an effect commensurate with the amount added cannot be obtained, which is not economical.
石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキと膨潤性粘土の混合は両者が充分に混合されればどのような方法でもよいが、真空造粒機が混練機能を有するものであっても、真空造粒機に導入する前に混合しておくことが望ましい。
真空造粒機は、減圧下で造粒を行うことができる装置のことであり、このような原料の脱気に寄与する装置であれば特に制限はない。真空造粒機として、真空加圧機、真空土練機、真空押出機等が例示でき、これらはいずれでも本発明に適用できるが、製造効率の点から真空土練機または真空押出機が特に好ましい。真空土練機、真空押出機は、混練機能あるいは押出機能を有するスクリュー部、その一部に設けた真空室（減圧室）、及び任意の孔径の孔を有する押出口によって一般的に構成されている。押出口の孔径は、造粒性と必要とされる粒径から適宜設定すればよいが、肥料等に利用する場合においては概ね0.5〜8mmが好ましい。押出口から排出される柱状物は、粒状化のために切断あるいは粉砕すればよく、切断する方法としては押出口の出口に設けたカッターなどで切断する方法が簡便である。
尚、石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキと膨潤性粘土の混合物の含水率が造粒に適さないときは、水の添加、あるいは、乾燥粉などを必要に応じて適宜添加して含水率を調整してもよい。乾燥粉は、肥料原料として一般的に用いているもののうち前記混合物の含有成分と反応してガスを発生しないものが好ましく、例えば、石灰、消石灰、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、塩化カリウム、リン酸カリウム等を挙げることができる。尚、前記混合物の好適含水率は造粒機により異なるが、概ね１０〜３０質量％程度が好ましく、さらに好ましくは１０〜２０質量％である。
The mixing of the limestone washing dewatered cake and the swellable clay may be performed by any method as long as the two are sufficiently mixed, but even if the vacuum granulator has a kneading function, before introduction into the vacuum granulator It is desirable to be mixed in
The vacuum granulator is an apparatus that can perform granulation under reduced pressure, and is not particularly limited as long as it is an apparatus that contributes to such raw material degassing. Examples of the vacuum granulator include a vacuum pressurizer, a vacuum kneader, a vacuum extruder, and the like. Any of these can be applied to the present invention, but a vacuum kneader or a vacuum extruder is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of production efficiency. . A vacuum kneader and a vacuum extruder are generally configured by a screw portion having a kneading function or an extrusion function, a vacuum chamber (decompression chamber) provided in a part thereof, and an extrusion port having a hole of an arbitrary hole diameter. Yes. The hole diameter of the extrusion port may be appropriately set from the granulation property and the required particle diameter, but is preferably about 0.5 to 8 mm when used for fertilizers and the like. The columnar material discharged from the extrusion port may be cut or pulverized for granulation, and a method of cutting with a cutter or the like provided at the outlet of the extrusion port is simple.
In addition, when the water content of the mixture of the limestone washed dewatered cake and the swellable clay is not suitable for granulation, the water content may be adjusted by adding water or a dry powder as necessary. . The dry powder is preferably one that does not generate gas by reacting with the components of the mixture among those generally used as fertilizer raw materials, such as lime, slaked lime, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, potassium chloride, phosphoric acid. Potassium etc. can be mentioned. In addition, although the suitable moisture content of the said mixture changes with granulators, about 10-30 mass% is preferable in general, More preferably, it is 10-20 mass%.
次いで、得られた粒状物の乾燥に関しては、特に装置を選ばないが、粒状物同士の付着防止や乾燥効率の点から、転動熱風乾燥機を用いることが好ましい。乾燥温度に関しては、８０〜１５０℃が好ましい。 Next, regarding the drying of the obtained granular material, an apparatus is not particularly selected, but it is preferable to use a rolling hot air dryer from the viewpoint of prevention of adhesion between the granular materials and drying efficiency. The drying temperature is preferably 80 to 150 ° C.
上記製造方法で得られた石灰粒状体は、その粒度を下げるためにさらに破砕してもよい。破砕には破砕機を好適に用いることができ、例えば、ジョークラッシャー、ロールクラッシャーを挙げることができる。尚、破砕は粉の発生量ができるだけ少ない方法で行うことが望ましい。 The lime granular material obtained by the above production method may be further crushed to reduce the particle size. A crusher can be suitably used for crushing, and examples thereof include a jaw crusher and a roll crusher. The crushing is desirably performed by a method that generates as little powder as possible.
本発明の製造方法で得られる粒の形状については特に制限されることなく、用途により各種形状、粒度を採用できる。用途により球状が望ましい場合は、造粒後の柱状物を整粒機で整粒してもよい。本発明の石灰粒状体を肥料等に利用する場合において粒度による選別を必要とするときは、篩等を用いた分級によって適度な粒度のものを得ることができる。篩による分級で得られる粒度の目安として、篩目開きで0.5〜8mmの粒度のものが好ましく、このうち1〜4mmのものが特に好ましく、さらに好ましくは1.5〜3mmのものである。
The shape of the particles obtained by the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and various shapes and particle sizes can be adopted depending on the application. If a spherical shape is desired depending on the application, the columnar product after granulation may be sized with a sizing machine. When the lime granular material of the present invention is used as a fertilizer or the like, when it is necessary to select according to particle size, an appropriate particle size can be obtained by classification using a sieve or the like. As a standard of the particle size obtained by classification with a sieve, a particle size of 0.5 to 8 mm with a sieve opening is preferable, of which 1 to 4 mm is particularly preferable, and more preferably 1.5 to 3 mm.
以下、本発明の詳細を実施例を挙げて説明するが、本発明はそれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。尚、特に断らない限り％は全て質量％を示す。
［石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキ］
石灰石採掘場で発生した水分17.5％、固形分中のCaOが54％の石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキを用いた。尚、以下では石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキの質量は固形分換算で表すものとする。
［真空造粒機］
高浜工業(株)製の真空土練機（型式MPM120N-FS）を用いた。真空室の圧力は、大気圧（約100kPa）を基準（ゼロ）として-100kPa〜-90kPaの範囲とした。押出口は、孔径5mmの孔を90個配した構成とした。押出口から排出された柱状物はカッターで概ね5〜10mmの長さに切断して粒状物を得た。
［破砕機と破砕品］
高浜工業(株)製のロールクラッシャー（型式SH-10）を用いた。篩別した粒径1.5〜3.0mmの粒度のものを破砕品とした。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and the detail of this invention is demonstrated, this invention is not limited by those Examples. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, all% shows the mass%.
[Limestone washed dehydrated cake]
Limestone washed dehydrated cake with 17.5% moisture generated at the limestone mining site and 54% CaO in the solid content was used. In the following description, the mass of the dehydrated limestone cake is expressed in terms of solid content.
[Vacuum granulator]
A vacuum kneader (model MPM120N-FS) manufactured by Takahama Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used. The pressure in the vacuum chamber was set in the range of -100 kPa to -90 kPa with the atmospheric pressure (about 100 kPa) as a reference (zero). The extrusion port had a configuration in which 90 holes with a hole diameter of 5 mm were arranged. The columnar material discharged from the extrusion port was cut into a length of about 5 to 10 mm with a cutter to obtain a granular material.
[Crusher and crushed product]
A roll crusher (model SH-10) manufactured by Takahama Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used. A sieved product having a particle size of 1.5 to 3.0 mm was used as a crushed product.
［実施例１］
石灰石洗浄脱水ケーキ2kgにベントナイト0.03kgを添加した後、ミキサーで混合し（新東工業（株）製、ミックスマラーMSG−05）、これを真空造粒機で造粒した。次に、得られた粒状物を転動熱風乾燥機にて85℃で30分間乾燥した（以下、これを造粒品と云う）。
得られた造粒品をさらにロールクラッシャーで破砕した後、篩別した1.5〜3.0mmのものを破砕品とした。
［実施例２〜４］
表１の原料組成で実施例１と同様に製造した。
[Example 1]
After adding 0.03 kg of bentonite to 2 kg of the limestone washed dehydrated cake, the mixture was mixed with a mixer (manufactured by Shinto Kogyo Co., Ltd., Mix Maller MSG-05) and granulated with a vacuum granulator. Next, the obtained granular material was dried at 85 ° C. for 30 minutes in a rolling hot air dryer (hereinafter referred to as a granulated product).
The obtained granulated product was further crushed with a roll crusher, and then sieved to obtain a crushed product having a size of 1.5 to 3.0 mm.
[Examples 2 to 4]
The raw material composition shown in Table 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
［比較例１］
膨潤性粘土を無添加とした以外は実施例１と同様にして製造した。しかし、真空造粒機の押出口を出た後に起きたダイラタンシー現象によって、評価に値する粒状物が得られなかった。
［比較例２］
造粒機をペレット成型機（不二パウダル（株）製、ファインディスクペレッターPV−5型。孔径3mm、厚さ10mmのスクリーンを使用、ローラー回転数は37rpm）とした以外は、実施例１と同様に製造して造粒品を得た。尚、破砕は行わなかった。
[Comparative Example 1]
It was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no swellable clay was added. However, due to the dilatancy phenomenon that occurred after exiting the extrusion port of the vacuum granulator, no granular material worthy of evaluation was obtained.
[Comparative Example 2]
Example 1 except that the granulator was a pellet molding machine (Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., fine disk pelleter PV-5 type. A screen with a hole diameter of 3 mm and a thickness of 10 mm was used, and the roller rotation speed was 37 rpm). To produce a granulated product. Note that crushing was not performed.
［平均粒硬度の測定方法］
木屋式硬度計を用いた。真空造粒機による造粒品及びペレット成型機による造粒品は、円柱の横方向の硬度を測定した。また、破砕品は、断面積が最大と判断した面を底部に設置して測定した。尚、測定は各20粒を対象に行い、その平均値を平均粒硬度とした。
［崩壊性試験］
真空造粒機による造粒品（長さ約5〜10mm）あるいはペレット成型機による造粒品（長さ約15〜20mm）（いずれも乾燥品）を網目が1.7mmの篩上に並べ、これを適当な大きさの容器の中に置き、製品が十分に水に浸かるまで静かに水を注ぐ。崩壊日は、篩を静かに取り出して、篩上に残存する未崩壊粒数から算出した崩壊粒の割合が８０％以上となった日までの日数とした。
[Measurement method of average grain hardness]
A Kiyama hardness tester was used. For the granulated product by the vacuum granulator and the granulated product by the pellet molding machine, the horizontal hardness of the cylinder was measured. In addition, the crushed product was measured by setting the surface where the cross-sectional area was determined to be maximum at the bottom. The measurement was performed on 20 grains each, and the average value was defined as the average grain hardness.
[Disintegration test]
A granulated product (length: about 5-10mm) by a vacuum granulator or a granulated product (length: about 15-20mm) by a pellet molding machine (both dry products) are arranged on a sieve with a mesh of 1.7mm. In a suitably sized container and gently pour water until the product is fully immersed in water. The disintegration date was defined as the number of days until the day when the ratio of the disintegrated particles calculated from the number of undisintegrated particles remaining on the sieve was 80% or more after gently removing the sieve.
結果を表１に示した。
The results are shown in Table 1.
Claims (3)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014503628A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-02-13 | オムヤ・デイベロツプメント・アー・ゲー | Dynamic disintegration enhancers and fertilizers, methods for their production and their use in agriculture |
| EP4186588A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2023-05-31 | Shin Nichinan Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing apparatus |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63264130A (en) * | 1987-04-20 | 1988-11-01 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Vacuum granulation apparatus |
| JP2001122683A (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2001-05-08 | Nittetsu Mining Co Ltd | Granular material of dehydration cake of clay ore- containing limestone, method for manufacturing the granular material or calcareous fertilizer or soil conditioner consisting of the granular material |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63264130A (en) * | 1987-04-20 | 1988-11-01 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Vacuum granulation apparatus |
| JP2001122683A (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2001-05-08 | Nittetsu Mining Co Ltd | Granular material of dehydration cake of clay ore- containing limestone, method for manufacturing the granular material or calcareous fertilizer or soil conditioner consisting of the granular material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014503628A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-02-13 | オムヤ・デイベロツプメント・アー・ゲー | Dynamic disintegration enhancers and fertilizers, methods for their production and their use in agriculture |
| EP4186588A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2023-05-31 | Shin Nichinan Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing apparatus |
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