JP2012117856A - Trouble diagnosing device for vehicle use - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a trouble diagnosing device suitable for use with vehicles to be equipped with a small-scale trouble diagnosing system, such as an agricultural machine or a construction machine having an immobilizer system.SOLUTION: A trouble diagnosing device has a configuration in which each of a driving key 41A, a registering key 41B and a diagnosing key 41C, which are electronic keys 41, is capable of outputting a code signal containing an ID code intrinsic thereto and a distinguishing code for distinguishing the key type; the vehicle body is equipped with an immobilizer ECU 26 having a CPU 33 that causes a shift to take place to an engine starting mode when the driving key 41A is used, to a registering mode when the registering key 41B is used and to a trouble diagnosing mode when the diagnosing key 41C is used and an EEPROM 35 into or out of which trouble detection information is written or read; and a horn 32 that sounds in response to the trouble detection information read out of the EEPROM 35 is further provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a failure diagnosis apparatus characterized in that, in a vehicle equipped with an immobilizer system, a failure diagnosis dedicated key is provided as an electronic key in addition to an electronic key as a drive key.

Many of today's vehicles such as automobiles incorporating an electronic control system are equipped with a failure diagnosis device for self-diagnosis of whether the vehicle is normal or abnormal.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a conventional failure diagnosis apparatus provided in a vehicle body.
As shown in the figure, various electronic control units (ECUs) 11a to 11e such as an audio system, an air conditioner, and a navigator are connected to the communication bus line 12, and state diagnosis data of various ECUs are sent to the communication bus line 12 by a multiplex communication system. It is supposed to be.

The communication bus line 12 is connected to the instrument panel ECU 14 of the instrument panel (instrument panel) unit 13, and the instrument panel ECU 14 displays the display unit 15 according to the diagnostic data of various ECUs sent from the communication bus line 12.
That is, the ECU diagnoses a failure or an abnormality such as various switches, sensors, lamp valves, and a vehicle control system controller, and sends abnormality diagnosis data to the instrument panel ECU, whereby the display unit 15 performs a display operation and generates a warning.

When the abnormality of the vehicle is found by the display on the display unit 15, the failure location, the failure state, etc. are analyzed using the tester 16.
Further, the tester 16 is configured to use an IC card or a ROM by exchanging it in order to set vehicle information for each vehicle.
Note that, in the case of a vehicle having an immobilizer system, the tester 16 has a function of notifying a failure and transmitting the start / end of registration for key registration to the vehicle.

Furthermore, in a vehicle equipped with an immobilizer system, there is a failure diagnosis device that stores and holds failure diagnosis information in an electronic key having a transponder.
When a failure of a vehicle is found, this failure diagnosis device rents an electronic key storing failure diagnosis information to a dealer and undergoes a detailed inspection for abnormalities.

Japanese Patent No. 3350808

As described above, since the conventional failure diagnosis apparatus is performed using a vehicle-specific tester, the same communication function is provided regardless of the failure diagnosis system having few failure diagnosis locations and the failure diagnosis system having many failure diagnosis locations. It was necessary to configure the network that had been provided and to transmit the failure information to the tester.
For example, farming machines and construction machines are equipped with a fault diagnosis system with few fault diagnosis points, but the network configuration of the communication function linked to the tester has the same communication function as a general automobile with many fault diagnosis points. The network configuration needed to be

As a result, there is a problem that even a vehicle having a small and simple failure diagnosis system must have a communication function equivalent to that of a large-scale failure diagnosis system.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a failure diagnosis device that can be easily equipped in a vehicle including an immobilizer system regardless of the scale of the failure diagnosis system.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, as the first invention, the ID code transmitted from the electronic key is compared with the stored ID code, and the operation of the controlled member when the result is a predetermined comparison result. In the vehicle provided with an immobilizer system having a control unit for permitting the operation, a drive key for operating the controlled member as the electronic key and a vehicle fault diagnosis means provided in the control unit are operated. The present invention proposes a fault diagnosis apparatus characterized by providing at least two electronic keys with a diagnostic key.

  As a second invention, in the failure diagnosis apparatus of the first invention described above, each of the drive key and the diagnosis key has a unique ID code for each key and an identification code for identifying the type of the key. Including an electronic key capable of outputting a code signal, the control unit storing a code signal that is the same as the code signal of the electronic key, an ID code included in the code signal received from the electronic key, and the memory Comparing means for comparing the ID code contained in the code signal stored in the means, identification means for identifying the type of the electronic key from the identification code contained in the code signal received from the electronic key, and vehicle fault diagnosis A failure diagnosis device is provided, characterized by comprising failure diagnosis means for performing the above.

  As a third invention, in the failure diagnosis apparatus of the second invention described above, when the control unit identifies that the identification means is a drive key, the ID code included in the received code signal and the Compare the ID code stored in the storage means, operate the controlled member according to a predetermined comparison result, and operate the failure diagnosis means when the identification means is identified as a diagnostic key We propose a fault diagnosis device characterized by

  As a fourth invention, in the failure diagnosis apparatus according to any one of the first to third inventions described above, the control unit includes storage means for storing a plurality of predetermined failure data corresponding to the failure location. Provided is a failure diagnosis apparatus characterized in that the control unit reads failure data from the storage means according to the diagnosis result of the failure diagnosis means, and operates the notification means according to the failure data signal.

According to the first invention, since the diagnostic key is provided separately from the driving key, the fault diagnostic means of the control unit can be operated and diagnosed using this diagnostic key, so that the external connection is made. Does not require a tester.
Therefore, the system can be simplified for a vehicle equipped with a failure diagnosis system with a small number of diagnosis points, such as farm work machines and construction machines.

According to the second invention, the driving key and the diagnostic key are electronic keys that output a code signal including an ID code and an identification code for identifying the type of the key, and the code sent from the electronic key. From the signal, it is discriminated by the discriminating means whether it is a driving key or a diagnostic key.
Then, as in the third invention, when the driving key is identified, the ID code is compared, the controlled member is operated according to a predetermined comparison result, and when the diagnostic key is identified, The fault diagnosis means is operated.

Further, when the diagnostic key is identified as the electronic key, the ID code is not authenticated, so that the same diagnostic key can be used for a plurality of vehicles.
Therefore, for example, in a vehicle such as a construction machine, a rental company often owns a plurality of vehicles rather than privately owned, so when managing such a plurality of vehicles, it can be shared by a plurality of vehicles. The diagnostic key is convenient.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the failure location and the failure state can be known by notification from the notification means.
That is, when the immobilizer system has an abnormality, the engine cannot be started, so the vehicle cannot be brought into the dealer. However, if the failure diagnosis means is operated using the diagnostic key, the failure point can be detected from the notification means. And the failure status.

It is a block diagram of the vehicle which is a construction machine provided with the immobilizer system which implemented the failure diagnosis apparatus of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the electric circuit of the electronic key with which the said immobilizer system was equipped. It is the flowchart which showed operation | movement of immobilizer ECU with which an above-described failure diagnosis apparatus is equipped. It is a flowchart which shows the operation mode of the said failure diagnosis apparatus when using a drive key. It is a flowchart which shows a failure detection operation when using a drive key. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the said fault diagnostic apparatus when fault diagnosis is performed using the diagnostic key. It is the time chart which showed the horn drive signal predetermined according to the kind of failure diagnosis information. It is the time chart which showed the sounding state of the horn which operate | moves according to the kind of failure diagnosis information. It is the time chart which showed the burglar alarm sound of the horn. It is a simplified diagram showing a vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus shown as a conventional example.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle that is a construction machine including an immobilizer system in which a failure diagnosis apparatus is implemented.
As shown in the figure, the immobilizer system on the vehicle body side includes a key cylinder 21 having an OFF-ON-START position, a transmitter / receiver 23 having a transmission / reception antenna 22, and a steering lock body 25 provided with an ignition switch (IG-SW) 24. In addition, an immobilizer ECU 26, an engine starter 27, an engine 28, and a battery 29 are provided, and further, a failure detection sensor 30, a failure detection switch 31, a horn 32 that notifies the failure, and the like are provided.

  The immobilizer ECU 26 includes a CPU 33 and a RAM 34 for signal processing, an EEPROM (storage means) 35 for writing and reading various code signals such as a verification code (ID code) and a failure diagnosis code, and a power supply circuit 36. is there.

Furthermore, an electronic key 41 having a keybrate 42 forming a unique code (key mountain) is provided.
Further, this electronic key 41 is an electronic key of the immobilizer system, and as shown in FIG. 2, a transmission / reception circuit 44 having a transmission / reception antenna 43, a power circuit 45 including a capacitor storage circuit, a CPU 46 for signal processing, A transponder 48 including an EEPROM (storage means) 47 for writing or reading the code signal is provided in the key head 49.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as the electronic key 41 having the above-described configuration, three keys, a drive key 41A, a registration key 41B, and a diagnosis key 41C (not shown) are prepared.
The drive key 41A is a key for starting the engine, and can also open and close the bonnet, the fuel tank, and the cab.
The registration key 41B is a key for registering the drive key 41A in the vehicle, and is used when the drive key 41A is lost or when the drive key 41A is increased.
The registration key 41B cannot start the engine.
The diagnostic key 41C is a key for performing a fault diagnosis. When an abnormality occurs in the vehicle, the diagnostic key 41C performs self-diagnosis using this key and notifies the diagnostic information with a horn.
It should be noted that the engine cannot be started with this diagnostic key 41C.

In the immobilizer system configured as described above, the key blade 42 of the electronic key 41 (driving key 41A, registration key 41B, diagnostic key 41C) is inserted into the key insertion hole 21a, and the key cylinder 21 is inserted at the key insertion position. When the ignition switch 24 is turned on by rotating from a certain OFF position to the ON position, the power supply circuit 36 is operated according to this ON operation, and power is supplied to the CPU 33 and the transceiver 23.
Therefore, the CPU 33 activates the transmitter / receiver 23 and causes the transmission / reception antenna 22 to transmit an activation signal (wake-up signal) as an electromagnetic wave.

In the above operation, the transmitting / receiving antenna 43 of the electronic key 41 receives the activation signal and generates an induced electromotive force. Therefore, the power circuit 45 that charges the capacitor by the induced electromotive force serves as a power supply circuit and each circuit of the transponder 48. Power the part.
As a result, the CPU 46 reads the code signal (including the ID code and the identification code) from the EEPROM 47 and sends it to the transmission / reception circuit 44.
Therefore, the code signal that has been high-frequency modulated by the transmission / reception circuit 44 is transmitted from the transmission / reception antenna 43.
The code signal includes a vehicle-specific ID code and an identification code indicating the type of electronic key 41 (driving key 41A, registration key 41B, diagnostic key 41C).

Subsequently, the code signal sent from the electronic key 41 is received by the transmission / reception antenna 22 on the vehicle body side and sent to the transceiver 23, and the code signal demodulated by the transceiver 23 is sent to the CPU 33.
Here, based on the identification code included in the code signal input by the CPU 33, whether the electronic key 41 in which the key blade 42 is inserted into the key insertion hole 21a is the drive key 41A, the registration key 41B, or the diagnostic key 41C. Is determined.

When the determination result is the drive key 41A, the ID code included in the code signal is compared with the verification code read from the EEPROM 35 of the immobilizer ECU 26, and if these codes match, the operation mode of the drive key is set. Become.
If the determination result is the registration key 41B, the ID code included in the code signal is compared with the verification code read from the EEPROM 35 as described above, and if these codes match, the operation mode of the registration key is determined. It becomes.
When the determination result is the diagnostic key 41C, the diagnostic key operation mode is immediately entered.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the immobilizer ECU as described above.
As described above, when the ignition switch 24 is turned on, the CPU 33 and the transmitter / receiver 23 are supplied with power and an activation signal (wake-up signal) is transmitted from the transmission / reception antenna 22. (ST300, ST301)
When the electronic key 41 receives the activation signal, it transmits a code signal including an ID code and an identification code. The code signal is received by the transmission / reception antenna 22 and sent to the CPU 33 of the immobilizer ECU 26, and the CPU 33 receives the electronic key from the code signal. 41 types are identified. (ST302, ST303, ST304, ST305)

In the identification operation of the CPU 33, when the drive key 41A is identified, the ID code included in the code signal is compared with the verification code read from the EEPROM 35. If they match, the operation mode of the drive key 41A is set. (ST306, ST307)
If they do not match in the code comparison, the operation ends in comparison step ST306.
When the registration key 41B is identified in the identification operation of the CPU 33, the ID code included in the code signal is compared with the verification code read from the EEPROM 35. If they match, the operation mode of the registration key 41B is set. (ST308, ST309)
If they do not match in the code comparison, the operation ends at the comparison step ST308.
When the diagnosis key 41C is identified in the identification operation of the CPU 33, the operation mode of the diagnosis key 41C is set without performing code comparison. (ST310)
When the diagnostic key 41C is identified, the ID code of the diagnostic key 41C may be compared with the verification code of the EEPROM 35, but the diagnosis is performed by ignoring whether or not these codes match. Proceed to the operation mode of the key 41C.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation mode (engine start mode) of the drive key.
As shown in the figure, when the drive key 41A is inserted into the key insertion hole 21a and the key cylinder 21 is rotated to turn the ignition switch 24 from OFF to ON, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Based on the identification, the ID code of the code signal and the verification code are compared, and if they match, the operation mode of the drive key 41A is set. (ST401, ST402)
Therefore, if the drive key 41A is rotated and the ignition switch 24 is switched from the ON position to the START position, the CPU 33 sends an engine start permission signal to the engine starter 27, and the engine 28 is operated by the operation of the engine starter 27. Start. (ST403, ST404)

The engine starter 27 is generally an engine ECU that controls engine start in accordance with an engine start permission signal output from the CPU 33, but may be a simple starter relay.
As a simple starter relay, when the CPU 33 matches the ID code, the engine 28 is started by supplying power to the starter relay and turning on the relay.

Also, failure detection is performed in the operation mode of the drive key 41A. (ST405)
That is, in the failure detection in step ST405, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, the failure detection sensor 30, the failure detection switch 31 and the like are operated to detect the failure, and the failure detection information is written in the EEPROM 35. (ST501, ST502)

The operation mode (registration mode) of the registration key 41B is set in a storage area of the EEPROM 35 in which the identification code of the electronic key (driving key 41A, registration key 41B, diagnosis key 41C) 41 is stored. Registration is performed by writing the ID code of the key or the drive key to be added.
The failure detection shown in FIG. 5 is also performed in this registration mode.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the operation mode (failure diagnosis mode) of the diagnostic key 41C.
As can be seen from step ST305 in the flowchart of FIG. 3, when the CPU 33 identifies the use of the diagnostic key 41C, it immediately shifts to the operation mode of failure diagnosis.
Therefore, the failure detection shown in FIG. 5 is performed, and failure detection information detected by the operation of the failure detection sensor 30 and the failure detection switch 31 is written in the EEPROM 35. (ST601, ST602)

For example, the number of locations where failure detection (failure diagnosis) is detected by the failure detection sensor 30 or the failure detection switch 31 is set to several tens, and the failure detection information for each location of the detection location is 8 This is detection information in which the bit is set to 1 byte.
When the failure detection operation of all the detection parts is completed at the ON position of the diagnostic key 41C, failure detection information is sequentially read from the EEPROM 35 for each failure detection. (ST603, ST604)
For example, the failure detection information of the first failure detection unit is read bit by bit, and it is determined whether the bit is “1” or “0”. (ST605)
When the read bit is “0”, the horn sound indicating “0” is generated, and when the bit “1” is read, the horn sound indicating “1” is generated. (ST606, ST607)
Note that this horn sound is generated by operating the horn 32 in accordance with a judgment instruction from the CPU 33.

Then, reading out bit by bit is repeated, and a horn sounding operation is performed in the same manner as described above.
Then, when the reading of the last bit (eighth bit) is completed, the failure detection information of the second failure detection unit is read in the same manner as described above. (ST608, ST609)
In this case, a predetermined waiting time is set before reading out the failure detection information of the second failure location, and the horn sounding of the first failure detection information can be distinguished from the horn sounding of the second failure detection information. It is like that. (ST610, ST611, ST612)
The same applies to the case where the detection information of the third, fourth, fifth,... Failure detection portions is read out, and all the failure detection information written in the EEPROM 35 is read out. The horn is sounded according to the failure detection information.

The pronunciation of the horn 32 (horn pronunciation) will now be described more specifically.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the failure detection information is 8-bit data that is repeated in a cycle T = 2 seconds and the bit read from the EEPROM 35 is “0”, Conversion of 25% pulse, that is, the horn 32 is sounded for 0.5 second, and when the read bit is “1”, it is converted to 75% pulse of the period T, that is, 1. The horn 32 is sounded for 5 seconds.

FIG. 8 shows failure detection information (data), and FIG. 8 (A) shows an example of detection data in which 8 bits are “0”. For example, this detection data is distributed to the first failure detection section. If the detected failure detection information is used, it is possible to know that the first failure detection unit is out of order from the horn sounding based on this data.
In FIG. 8B, since the read bits are data of “0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1”, the detected data is the second failure. If it is assigned to the detection part, it can be known from the horn sound generation based on this data that the second failure detection part is out of order.

For other failure detection locations, if 1 byte data changed before the detection location is allocated and the horn is sounded in the same way as above, the failure of the failure location can be known from the horn sound unique to the detection location. Can do.
If there is no failure in all the failure detection portions, there is no failure detection information read from the EEPROM 35, and the horn 32 is inoperative.
Further, it is possible to generate a horn sound by generating pulse data indicating that there is no failure detection information.

The failure detection as described above can be variously determined, for example, an engine starter relay failure, a transmission / reception antenna disconnection failure, a battery exhaustion failure, and the like.
When the key cylinder 21 is rotated using a key different from the electronic key 41 and the ignition switch 24 is turned on, the CPU 33 determines that the vehicle is stolen.
In this case, when the ignition switch 24 is turned ON three times with a different key, the CPU 33 determines that the theft is a theft, and causes the horn 32 to perform a sounding operation according to the pulse data shown in FIG.
In FIG. 9, 1 Hz is 2 seconds.
Further, when the registration key 41B breaks down, the CPU 33 determines that the theft is the same as described above, and causes the horn 32 to perform a sounding operation according to the pulse data shown in FIG.

  The embodiment of the agricultural machine or the construction machine having the OFF-ON-START position on the key cylinder has been described above. However, the present invention can also be applied to an automobile having the ACC position. The cylinder is rotated to the ACC position and failure detection is performed in the same manner as described above.

Further, the horn 32 notifying the failure detection can be a visual notification, for example, other notification means for notifying the failure by blinking the indicator.
Further, the diagnostic key 41C is stored not only in the self-diagnosis mode but also in the operation mode (engine start mode) of the drive key 41A and the operation mode (registration mode) of the registration key 41B. The failure detection information can be read from the EEPROM 35 and used as a reading key for causing the horn 32 to perform a sounding operation.

  The present invention is suitable for a vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus having a small-scale failure diagnosis system such as an agricultural machine or a construction machine having an immobilizer system.

21 Key cylinder 22 Transceiver antenna 23 Transmitter / receiver 24 Ignition switch 25 Steering lock body 26 Immobilizer ECU
30 Failure detection sensor 31 Failure detection switch 32 Horn 41 Electronic key 41A Driving key 41B Registration key 41C Diagnosis key 48 Transponder

Claims (4)

In a vehicle provided with an immobilizer system having a control unit that compares the ID code transmitted from the electronic key with the stored ID code and permits the operation of the controlled member when the result is a predetermined comparison result.
As the electronic key, at least two electronic keys, that is, a driving key for operating the controlled member and a diagnostic key for operating a vehicle fault diagnosis means provided in the control unit are provided. Characteristic failure diagnosis device. In the failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1,
The driving key and the diagnostic key are each an electronic key capable of outputting a code signal including an ID code unique to each key and an identification code for identifying the type of the key,
The control unit includes storage means for storing the same code signal as the code signal of the electronic key;
Comparing means for comparing the ID code included in the code signal received from the electronic key with the ID code included in the code signal stored in the storage means;
Identification means for identifying the type of the electronic key from the identification code included in the code signal received from the electronic key;
A failure diagnosis apparatus comprising failure diagnosis means for performing vehicle failure diagnosis. In the failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 2,
The control unit compares the ID code included in the received code signal with the ID code stored in the storage unit when the identification unit identifies the drive key, and responds to a predetermined comparison result. And operating the controlled member to operate the failure diagnosing means when the identification means is identified as a diagnostic key. In the failure diagnosis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The control unit is provided with storage means for storing a plurality of predetermined failure data corresponding to the failure location,
A failure diagnosis apparatus, wherein the control unit reads failure data from the storage means according to a diagnosis result of the failure diagnosis means, and operates the notification means according to the failure data signal.

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