JP2012112330A - Control device and state quantity acquisition device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To acquire a state quantity having high reliability at low cost when acquiring the state quantity of a control object such as a turbine power plant.SOLUTION: A first state quantity acquisition unit 110 acquires a state quantity measurement value (calorific measurement value of gas turbine fuel). An estimation unit 150 estimates a state quantity estimation value (calorific estimation value of gas turbine fuel) on the basis of a state quantity measurement value (not including calorific measurement value of gas turbine fuel) acquired by a second state quantity acquisition unit 140. An integrity evaluation unit 130 evaluates the integrity of the state quantity measurement value acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 and the state quantity estimation value estimated by the estimation unit 150 by comparing the state quantity measurement value acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 with the state quantity estimation value estimated by the estimation unit 150.

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device that controls a control object based on a state quantity acquired from the control object, and a state quantity acquisition device that acquires a state quantity.

  When measuring state quantities such as fuel gas calories supplied to a gas turbine, one of the methods for ensuring the reliability of the measurement result is multiplexing of measuring equipment. In multiplexing of measuring devices, one state quantity is measured using a plurality of measuring devices, and the reliability of the measurement result is evaluated by comparing the obtained state quantities between the measuring devices.

Patent Document 1 discloses a fuel gas calorie estimation device that performs a fuel gas calorie calculation based on a flow rate of fuel gas flowing into a combustor of a gas turbine, a gas turbine power generation output, and the like.
Here, the calorimeter which measures the fuel gas calorie of a gas turbine is generally expensive. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, it is possible to reduce the cost by using a fuel gas calorie estimation device instead of the calorimeter.

JP 2004-190633 A

  If an expensive measuring device is multiplexed like a calorimeter when measuring the fuel gas calorie of a gas turbine, the cost increases. On the other hand, if multiplexing is not performed in order to reduce costs, the reliability of measurement results cannot be ensured. For example, when plant control is performed using a calorie measurement value of a calorimeter that is not multiplexed, even if there is an error in the calorie measurement value, it may not be detected, and the control accuracy may be reduced.

Here, in order to reduce the cost, instead of an expensive measuring device that measures the state quantity of the acquisition target, as in the fuel gas calorie estimation device of Patent Document 1, it is based on a state quantity other than the acquisition-target state quantity. Thus, a method using an estimation device that estimates the state quantity of the acquisition target can be considered.
However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, an estimated value of the state quantity is used instead of the measured value of the state quantity, and there is a problem in terms of reliability depending on the state quantity estimating method.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a control device that can obtain a reliable state quantity at low cost when obtaining a state quantity to be obtained. And to provide a state quantity acquisition device.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and a control device according to an aspect of the present invention is a control device that controls a control target based on a state quantity acquired from the control target. A first state quantity acquisition unit that acquires a first state quantity as a state quantity from the detection means; a second state quantity acquisition unit that acquires a second state quantity as a state quantity from the second detection means; An estimation unit that calculates a first estimated state quantity that is an estimated value of the first state quantity based on the second state quantity, and the first state quantity obtaining unit or the second state quantity obtaining A delay compensation unit that compensates for a delay with respect to a state quantity acquired in at least one of the units; the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit; and the estimation unit based on the second state quantity. The estimated first state quantity is compensated for delay by the delay compensator. In characterized by and a health evaluation unit that compares.

  The control device according to one aspect of the present invention is the above-described control device, wherein the first estimated state quantity is delayed, the first estimated state quantity causing the delay, and the first A delay evaluation unit that performs a delay evaluation based on the correlation with the state quantity and determines a compensation amount, and the delay compensation unit performs a delay compensation based on the compensation amount determined by the delay evaluation unit. Features.

  Further, a control device according to an aspect of the present invention is the above-described control device, including a control unit that controls the control target based on the first estimated state quantity, and the soundness evaluation unit includes: When it is determined that the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit and the first estimated state quantity estimated by the estimation unit do not match based on the comparison, A process for restricting the operation of the control target is performed.

  A control device according to an aspect of the present invention is the above-described control device, wherein the estimation is performed based on the magnitude of the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit and the second state quantity. Comparing the magnitude of the first estimated state quantity estimated by the section with the delay compensated by the delay compensating section, and calculating a correction amount for the magnitude of the first estimated state quantity estimated by the estimating section. A level adjustment unit for determining is provided, and the estimation unit corrects the magnitude of the first estimated state quantity in accordance with the correction amount determined by the level adjustment unit.

  The control device according to one aspect of the present invention is the above-described control device, wherein the second detection unit has higher responsiveness than the first detection unit, and the delay compensation unit includes the The response delay of the first detection means is compensated.

  The state quantity acquisition device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first state quantity acquisition unit that acquires the first state quantity as the state quantity from the first detection unit, and a state quantity from the second detection unit as the state quantity. A second state quantity acquisition unit that acquires two state quantities; an estimation unit that calculates a first estimated state quantity that is an estimated value of the first state quantity based on the second state quantity; A delay compensation unit that compensates for a delay with respect to a state quantity acquired by at least one of the first state quantity acquisition unit and the second state quantity acquisition unit, and the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit. And a soundness evaluation unit that compares the first estimated state amount estimated by the estimation unit from the second state amount in a state in which the delay compensation unit performs delay compensation. Features.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a reliable state quantity at low cost.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the gas turbine power plant to which the control apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the control apparatus in the embodiment. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example of the state quantity which the delay compensation part compensated for delay. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the control apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the control apparatus in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the control apparatus in the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

<First Embodiment>
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, in the gas turbine power plant, a control device that acquires fuel gas calories supplied to the gas turbine and performs plant control based on the acquired fuel gas calories will be described as an example. The present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to various control devices that acquire a state quantity of a control target and control the control target. For example, in a control device that acquires NOx (nitrogen oxide) amount or CO (carbon monoxide) amount contained in the exhaust gas of a gas turbine and performs plant control, or a control device that controls a control object other than a gas turbine power plant Can also be applied.

First, with reference to FIG. 1, the state quantity which is acquired by the control device in the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a gas turbine power plant to which a control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. In the figure, a gas turbine power plant 900 includes a gas turbine 910, a generator 930, a main fuel flow control valve 941, a main fuel supply valve 942, a top hat fuel flow control valve 943, and a top hat fuel supply valve. 944, a pilot fuel flow control valve 945, a pilot fuel supply valve 946, a calorie meter 950, and an exhaust gas sensor 960. The gas turbine 910 includes a compressor 911, a compressed air introduction pipe 913, a combustor 914, a combustion gas introduction pipe 915, a turbine 916, a rotating shaft 917, a bypass air introduction pipe 921, a bypass valve 922, And a bypass air mixing tube 923. The compressor 911 includes inlet guide vanes 912.

The gas turbine 910 is coupled to a generator 930 and a rotating shaft 917. The gas turbine 910 is supplied with fuel (fuel gas) and combusts to generate combustion gas, and rotationally drives the combustion gas as a working gas.
The compressor 911 compresses outside air and supplies the compressed air to the combustor 914. The inlet guide vane 912 adjusts the amount of outside air sucked by the compressor 911 by changing its own angle. The compressed air introduction pipe 913 connects the compressor 911 and the combustor 914 and sends out the compressed air generated by the compressor 911 to the combustor 914.

The combustor 914 generates combustion gas by mixing and burning the compressed air supplied from the compressor 911 and fuel, and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine 916. The combustion gas introduction pipe 915 connects the combustor 914 and the turbine 916 and sends the combustion gas generated by the combustor 914 to the turbine 916.
The turbine 916 rotationally drives the combustion gas supplied from the combustor 914 as a working gas.
The rotating shaft 917 couples the compressor 911, the turbine 916, and the generator 930, and transmits the rotational force generated by the rotational driving of the turbine 916 to the compressor 911 and the generator 930.

  The bypass valve 922 adjusts the amount of compressed air supplied to the combustor 914 by bypassing part of the compressed air flowing through the compressed air introduction pipe 913 to the combustion gas introduction pipe 915 according to the opening degree. The bypass air introduction pipe 921 connects the compressed air introduction pipe 913 and the bypass valve 922. The bypass air mixing pipe 923 connects the bypass valve 922 and the combustion gas introduction pipe 915.

The generator 930 rotates by the rotational force generated by the turbine 916 to generate power.
The main fuel supply valve 942 is a cutoff valve, and supplies / shuts off the main fuel to the combustor 914. Here, the main fuel is fuel that is supplied to the combustor 914 to generate combustion gas, and is referred to as main fuel in distinction from top hat fuel and pilot fuel described later. The main fuel flow control valve 941 is a flow control valve (flow control valve) and adjusts the flow rate of the main fuel supplied to the combustor 914.

The top hat fuel supply valve 944 is a cutoff valve, and supplies / cuts off the top hat fuel to the combustor 914. Here, the top hat fuel is a fuel supplied to the combustor 914 in order to make the fuel concentration in the fuel mixture uniform. The top hat fuel flow rate control valve 943 is a flow rate control valve and adjusts the flow rate of the top hat fuel supplied to the combustor 914.
The pilot fuel supply valve 946 is a cutoff valve, and supplies / shuts off the pilot fuel to the combustor 914. Here, the pilot fuel is fuel that is supplied to the combustor 914 prior to the main fuel when the gas turbine 910 is started. The pilot fuel flow control valve 945 is a flow control valve, and adjusts the flow rate of pilot fuel supplied to the combustor 914.

The calorimeter 950 measures the calories of fuel (main fuel, top hat fuel, and pilot fuel) supplied to the combustor 914.
The exhaust gas sensor 960 measures the component of the exhaust gas output from the turbine 916. In particular, the exhaust gas sensor 960 measures the NOx concentration and the CO concentration of the exhaust gas.

The control device in the present embodiment controls the gas turbine power plant 900 based on the fuel gas calorie measured by the calorimeter 950. For example, by controlling the opening of the main fuel flow rate control valve 941 and the angle of the inlet guide vane 912 based on the calorie (and other measured values) measured by the calorimeter 950, the output of the generator 930 is predetermined Make the target value.
The application range of the present invention is not limited to a control device that controls the gas turbine power plant 900 based on the fuel gas calorie. For example, the present invention may be applied to other control devices such as a control device that controls the load of the gas turbine 910 based on the NOx concentration measured by the exhaust gas sensor 960 so that the NOx concentration does not exceed the limit value.

Next, the configuration of the control device will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the control device 100 includes a first state quantity acquisition unit 110, a delay compensation unit 120, a soundness evaluation unit 130, a second state quantity acquisition unit 140, an estimation unit 150, and a control unit 160. It comprises.
The first state quantity acquisition unit 110 includes a calorimeter 950 (FIG. 1), and acquires (measures) the calories of fuel supplied to the gas turbine 910. Then, the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 outputs the acquired calorie measurement value to the delay compensation unit 120. The calorimeter 950 provided in the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 corresponds to the first detection means, and the calorie measurement value acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 corresponds to the first state quantity. .
The delay compensation unit 120 performs delay compensation for the calorie measurement value acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110. The delay compensation unit 120 outputs the calorie measurement value compensated for the delay to the soundness evaluation unit 130.

Here, with reference to FIG. 3, the delay compensation performed by the delay compensator 120 will be described.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of a state quantity compensated for delay by the delay compensation unit 120. The line L11 in the figure shows an example of the calorie value of the fuel supplied to the gas turbine 910 (hereinafter referred to as “state quantity” in the explanation of the figure), and the line L12 shows the first state quantity acquisition unit 110. Is an example of the calorie measurement value (hereinafter referred to as “measurement value” in the description of the figure), and a line L13 indicates the calorie measurement value compensated for delay by the delay compensation unit 120 (hereinafter, “ An example of “post-compensation value” is shown.

A calorimeter used for measuring the calorie of gas turbine fuel generally has a response delay. For example, the state quantity indicated by the line L11 changes from the point P11 to the point P12, whereas the measured value indicated by the line L12 changes from the point P22 to the point P23 after the dead time t1. Here, due to the response delay of the calorimeter of the first state quantity acquisition unit 110, the change from the point P22 to the point P23 becomes more gradual than the change from the point P11 to the point P12. L12 has a waveform different from the line L11 indicating the state quantity.
Therefore, the delay compensation unit 120 performs delay compensation on the measured value with a predetermined delay time. As a result, the line L13 indicating the post-compensation value has the same waveform as the line L11 indicating the state quantity although it has the dead time t1.

Various methods can be used as a method by which the delay compensation unit 120 performs delay compensation. In the following, an example of delay compensation performed by the delay compensation unit 120 when the measured value has only the first-order delay (specification of the measuring device has only the first-order delay) will be described. Not limited to.
First, the state quantity is u (k), and the measured value is y (k). Here, k is an operator that means time. As described above, the measured value has only a first-order lag, and the measured value y (k) is expressed as in equation (1) using the state quantity u (k).

  Here, the coefficient a is a constant determined by the time constant of the first-order lag and the sampling period (measurement interval by the calorimeter). When this equation (1) is solved for u (k), equation (2) is obtained.

  At time k, since the measurement value y (k + 1) at time k + 1 has not been obtained yet, the time operator k in equation (2) is replaced by k−1 shifted by one time, and the approximate equation in equation (3) is changed. obtain.

By making the sampling period appropriately small, a post-compensation value u ′ (k) showing a waveform similar to the state quantity can be obtained.
Therefore, the delay compensation unit 120 stores Equation (3) and the value of the constant a set in advance, and the measurement value y (k) output from the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 and 1 time. The previous measured value y (k−1) is substituted into the equation (3) to calculate the post-compensation value u ′ (k).

  Returning to FIG. 2, the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 includes a wattmeter that measures the output of the generator 930 (FIG. 1), a thermometer that measures the temperature, and a rotation that measures the rotational speed of the gas turbine 910. Meter, a thermometer that measures the temperature of the fuel supplied to the gas turbine 910, and a flow meter that measures the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the gas turbine 910. Obtain (measure) state quantities such as output, air temperature, gas turbine speed, fuel temperature, and fuel flow rate. Then, the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 outputs each acquired state quantity measurement value to the estimation unit 150. Note that the measurement device included in the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 corresponds to a second detection unit, and the state quantity acquired by the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 corresponds to a second state quantity. The state quantity acquired by the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 does not include fuel calories acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110.

  The estimation unit 150 calculates the estimated calorie value of the fuel supplied to the gas turbine 910 based on the state quantity acquired by the second state quantity acquisition unit 140. For example, the estimation unit 150 stores in advance a linear model (linear function) indicating the relationship between the state quantity acquired by the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 and the calorie of the fuel, and the second model is stored in the second model. By applying the state quantity acquired by the state quantity acquisition unit 140, the calorie estimation value of the fuel is calculated. Then, the estimation unit 150 outputs the calculated calorie estimation value to the soundness evaluation unit 130.

Note that the method by which the estimation unit 150 calculates the estimated value is not limited to the method using the linear model. For example, the estimation unit 150 may calculate the estimated value using another method such as a nonlinear model, a Kalman filter, or a neural network.
Further, the estimation unit 150 may use one or more state quantities for estimation. The estimation unit 150 calculates an estimated value by using a state quantity of a predetermined type based on the type of state quantity to be estimated and the accuracy required for the estimated value.

The soundness evaluation unit 130 compares the calorie measurement value compensated by the delay compensation unit 120 with the calorie estimation value calculated by the estimation unit 150, and determines whether or not they are similar. Specifically, the soundness evaluation unit 130 calculates a correlation value between the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value in the latest fixed time (for example, the latest 10 minutes), and the calculated correlation value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Sometimes it is determined that they are similar. On the other hand, when the correlation value is less than the threshold value, the soundness evaluation unit 130 determines that the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value are not similar. Then, the soundness evaluation unit 130 outputs the soundness evaluation result and the calorie measurement value compensated for by the delay compensation unit 120 to the control unit 160.
Hereinafter, the determination of whether or not the soundness evaluation unit 130 is similar is referred to as “health evaluation”. Moreover, the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value are referred to as “sound” when the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value are similar. On the other hand, when the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value are not similar, the calorie measurement value or the calorie estimation value is referred to as “unhealthy”.

When it is determined that the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value are healthy, it is considered that the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value are normal (close to the actual state quantity). In this respect, the reliability of the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value is ensured.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the calorie measurement value or the calorie estimation value is unhealthy, it is considered that one of the values is abnormal (significantly different from the actual state quantity). In this case, as will be described later, it is conceivable that the control unit 160 performs processing such as load reduction (runback) or stop (trip) of the gas turbine 910 (FIG. 1).

When the calorie measurement value compensated for by the delay compensation unit 120 includes a dead time and the phase of the calorie measurement value is delayed with respect to the phase of the calorie estimation value, the soundness evaluation unit 130 calculates the calorie estimation value. Soundness evaluation may be performed after performing phase alignment that is delayed for a predetermined time. Thereby, soundness evaluation can be performed accurately.
In addition, depending on the state quantity to be measured and the estimation method of the estimation unit 150, the phase of the state quantity estimation value output from the estimation unit 150 is delayed from the phase of the state quantity measurement value output from the delay compensation unit 120. There are cases. In this case, the soundness evaluation unit 130 may perform soundness evaluation after performing phase alignment that delays the state quantity measurement value for a predetermined time.
Moreover, in the above, although soundness was evaluated using the correlation value of the calorie measurement value and calorie estimation value in the latest fixed time (for example, the latest 10 minutes), a threshold is set for the difference between the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value. It is possible to set the difference within the threshold value as “sound” and to exceed the threshold value as “unhealthy”. Moreover, you may obtain | require a difference about each average value of the calorie measured value in the latest fixed time, and a calorie estimated value, and you may compare with a threshold value.

The controller 160 controls the gas turbine power plant 900. Particularly, when the soundness evaluation result indicates soundness, the control unit 160 performs load control of the gas turbine 910 using the calorie measurement value.
On the other hand, when the soundness evaluation result indicates unhealthy, the calorie measurement value may be abnormal (different from the actual state quantity). Therefore, the control unit 160 performs a predetermined process as an unhealthy process. For example, when the gas turbine 910 is operating at a high load, it is conceivable that combustion vibration of the gas turbine 910 occurs due to a change in fuel calories. Therefore, the control unit 160 protects the gas turbine 910 by performing processing for restricting the operation of the gas turbine 910. Specifically, the control unit 160 prevents combustion vibration by reducing the load of the gas turbine 910. Alternatively, the control unit 160 may protect the gas turbine 910 by stopping the gas turbine 910.

As described above, the control device 100 includes the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 that measures the state quantity of the measurement target, and the estimation unit 150 that estimates the state quantity of the measurement target from other state quantities. The evaluation unit 130 performs soundness evaluation between the state quantity measured value and the state quantity estimated value. By this soundness evaluation, the reliability of the obtained state quantity (the calorie measurement value compensated for delay by the delay compensation unit 120 in this embodiment) can be ensured, as in the method of multiplexing the measuring devices. In addition, since the soundness evaluation can be performed using only one measuring device (in this embodiment, a calorimeter) that measures the state quantity to be measured, the measuring device is multiplexed when the measuring device is expensive. The state quantity can be obtained at a lower cost compared to the method of converting to
In addition, since the delay compensation unit 120 performs delay compensation, soundness evaluation between the state quantity measured value and the state quantity estimated value is possible even when the measuring device has a response delay, and the state quantity with high reliability can be obtained. Can be obtained.

<Second Embodiment>
The control device 100 (FIG. 2) performs delay compensation based on a predetermined delay (in the example described with reference to FIG. 3, a delay indicated by a predetermined constant a). The delay may be evaluated by taking a correlation with the estimated value.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the control device 200 includes a first state quantity acquisition unit 110, a delay evaluation unit 270, a delay compensation unit 220, a soundness evaluation unit 130, a second state quantity acquisition unit 140, and an estimation unit. 150 and a control unit 160. In the figure, the same reference numerals (110, 130, 140, 150, 160) are given to the same parts as the respective parts in FIG.

The delay evaluation unit 270 evaluates the delay included in the calorie measurement value based on the calorie measurement value output from the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 and the calorie estimation value output from the estimation unit 150.
Specifically, the delay evaluation unit 270 applies a plurality of predetermined delays to the estimation unit 150 to generate calorie estimation values having different delays, and each calorie estimation value and calorie measurement value. Correlate with Then, based on the delay applied to the calorie estimation value having the largest correlation value, the delay of the calorie measurement value is evaluated. Then, the delay evaluation unit 270 determines a compensation amount for delay compensation performed by the delay compensation unit 220 based on the evaluated delay, and outputs the determined compensation amount to the delay compensation unit 220. In addition, each time the calorie measurement value is output from the first state quantity acquisition unit 110, the delay evaluation unit 270 outputs (transfers) the calorie measurement value to the delay compensation unit 220.

For example, the delay evaluation unit 270 calculates the calorie estimation value y (k + 1) having a first-order delay by substituting the calorie estimation value into u (k) in the equation (1). At that time, the delay evaluation unit 270 stores a plurality of values of the constant a, and calculates a calorie estimation value having a first-order delay for each value of the constant a.
In the following, the delay evaluation unit 270 stores the values a ₁ and a ₂ as the value of the constant a, and applies each of the formulas (4) and (5) in which these values are applied to the constant a for the first order. The case where calorie estimation values y ₁ (k + 1) and y ₂ (k + 1) having a delay are calculated will be described. However, the type of delay is not limited to the first-order delay, and the calorie estimation having a delay calculated by the delay evaluation unit 270 is performed. The number of values may be three or more.

First, the estimation unit 150 calculates a calorie estimation value at the same sampling cycle as the sampling cycle of the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 and outputs the calorie estimation value to the delay evaluation unit 270.
Then, each time the estimated calorie value is output from the estimation unit 150, the delay evaluation unit 270 substitutes the estimated calorie value for u (k) in Equation (4) and u (k) in Equation (5). Then, the calorie estimation value y ₁ (k + 1) having a delay when the value of the constant a is a ₁ and the calorie estimation value y ₂ (k + 1) having a delay when the value of the constant a is a ₂ Is calculated.
Next, the delay evaluation unit 270 calculates the correlation value between the calorie estimation value y ₁ (k + 1) having a delay and the calorie measurement value and the calorie estimation value y ₂ having a delay for the latest fixed time (for example, the latest 10 minutes). A correlation value between (k + 1) and the calorie measurement value is calculated.
Then, the delay evaluation unit 270 determines the value of the constant a as the value having the larger correlation value among the values a ₁ and a _2, and outputs the determined value to the delay compensation unit 220 as a compensation amount. .

The delay compensation unit 220 performs delay compensation of the calorie measurement value using the compensation amount output from the delay evaluation unit 270. Then, the delay compensation unit 220 outputs the calorie measurement value compensated for the delay to the soundness evaluation unit 130. In addition, the delay compensation unit 220 outputs the calorie estimation value to the soundness evaluation unit 130 each time the calorie estimation value is output from the estimation unit 150.
For example, when storing the equation (3), the delay compensation unit 220 stores “a” included in the equation (3) as a parameter representing a constant. Then, when the value a ₁ is output from the delay evaluation unit 270 as the value of the constant a, the value a ₁ is applied to the constant parameter a of Expression (3) (substituted for the parameter) to generate Expression (6).

Then, the delay compensation unit 220 substitutes the calorie measurement value output from the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 via the delay evaluation unit 270 into the equation (6), and the calorie measurement value u ′ (k ) Is calculated.
The delay compensation unit 220 outputs the calorie measurement value with the delay compensation to the soundness evaluation unit 130.

As described above, the delay evaluation unit 270 determines the delay compensation amount, and the delay compensation unit 220 performs delay compensation according to the determined delay compensation amount. Therefore, the compensation amount for which the delay compensation unit 220 performs delay compensation is uniquely determined in advance. There is no need to specify. Thereby, the burden of the designer at the time of designing the control apparatus 200 can be reduced.
Further, even when the delay amount of the calorie measurement value acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 changes, the delay compensation unit 220 can perform delay compensation using a more appropriate compensation amount.
For example, when measuring calorie of gas turbine fuel with a calorimeter, even if the response delay of the calorimeter is constant, the delay amount of the calorie measurement value may change due to the change in the fuel speed. . Thus, even when the delay amount of the calorie measurement value changes, the delay compensation unit 220 can perform delay compensation using a more appropriate compensation amount. That is, a more reliable state quantity can be obtained.

Note that the delay evaluation method performed by the delay evaluation unit 270 is not limited to the above-described method of comparing the state quantity measured value and the state quantity estimated value. For example, the delay evaluation may be performed by another method such as a delay evaluation according to a past delay evaluation.
For example, when the gas turbine is restarted after being stopped for a long time after the gas turbine is stopped for a long time, the gas turbine main body temperature may continue to rise even after reaching the rated load. As the gas turbine body temperature rises, the combustion state in the combustor changes, and the NOx concentration and CO concentration in the exhaust gas may change during operation at the rated load. When the delay amount of the measurement value of the exhaust gas sensor changes due to such a change, the delay evaluation unit 270 stores in advance the relationship between the turbine body temperature and the delay amount during operation at the rated load, and the turbine body temperature The delay amount (delay compensation amount) may be determined based on the above.

In addition, when the fuel (gas) of the gas turbine is supplied from the fuel tank, heavy components in the fuel accumulate below. Thereby, the fuel calories may change as the fuel tank changes from a full state. When the delay amount of the measured value of the calorimeter changes with such a change, the delay evaluation unit 270 stores the relationship between the fuel remaining amount in the fuel tank and the delay amount in advance, and the fuel remaining amount The delay amount (delay compensation amount) may be determined based on the above.
Alternatively, when the change in the delay amount is gradual, the delay evaluation unit 270 predicts the delay amount by applying the change in the delay amount to a relatively low-order (for example, second-order or third-order) model, and sets the predicted delay amount. The delay compensation amount may be determined accordingly.
In the above description, the value of the constant a is described as a delay as an example. However, depending on the installation location of the first state quantity acquisition unit 110, the dead time shown in FIG. 3 may be longer than the sampling period. In such a case, the correlation value may be evaluated by changing the dead time, and the dead time having a high correlation value may be output.

<Third Embodiment>
In the control device 100 (FIG. 2) and the control device 200 (FIG. 4), the control unit 160 performs plant control using the calorie measurement value measured by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110. You may make it perform plant control using the calorie estimated value which the estimation part 150 estimates.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the control device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the control device 300 includes a first state quantity acquisition unit 110, a delay evaluation unit 270, a delay compensation unit 220, a soundness evaluation unit 330, a second state quantity acquisition unit 140, and an estimation unit. 150 and a control unit 360. In the figure, the same reference numerals (110, 140, 150, 220, 270) are assigned to the same parts as the respective parts in FIG.

Similar to the soundness evaluation unit 130 (FIG. 4), the soundness evaluation unit 330 performs soundness evaluation between the calorie measurement value measured by the first state quantity acquisition unit 110 and the calorie estimation value estimated by the estimation unit 150. Do. On the other hand, the soundness evaluation unit 330 is different from the soundness evaluation unit 130 in that the calorie measurement value compensated for by the delay compensation unit 220 is not output to the control unit 360.
The control unit 360 is different from the control unit 160 (FIG. 4) in that the control unit 360 performs control based on the calorie estimation value estimated by the estimation unit 150, not the calorie measurement value evaluated by the delay compensation unit 220. On the other hand, like the control unit 160, the control unit 360 performs a process of restricting the operation of the gas turbine 910 (FIG. 1) when the soundness evaluation result output from the soundness evaluation unit 330 indicates unhealthy. The gas turbine 910 is protected.

  Thus, since the control unit 360 performs plant control using the calorie estimation value estimated by the estimation unit 150, the timing at which the delay compensation unit 220 outputs the calorie measurement value compensated for delay is calculated by the estimation unit 150. When it is later than the timing of outputting the value, plant control can be performed more appropriately using a value (calorie estimation value) closer to the current state quantity (fuel calorie quantity).

For example, when the delay compensator 120 (FIG. 2) or the delay compensator 220 (FIG. 4) performs delay compensation, until the delay-compensated calorie measurement value is obtained, such as when the delay order is high or the dead time is long. It may take some time. Further, when the delay evaluation unit 270 (FIG. 4) performs a delay evaluation, it is necessary to correlate each of a plurality of delayed calorie estimation values with a calorie measurement value. Depending on the number of samplings, the amount of calculation for obtaining this correlation increases, and processing may take time. When the delay evaluation unit 270 takes time for delay evaluation, the timing at which the delay evaluation unit 270 outputs the compensation amount to the delay compensation unit 220 is delayed, and the timing at which the delay compensation unit 220 outputs the calorie measurement value compensated for delay. Becomes slower.
Also in such a case, the control part 360 can perform plant control more appropriately using the calorie estimation value. In this respect, the control device 300 can obtain a more reliable state quantity.

  Moreover, when the soundness evaluation result output from the soundness evaluation unit 330 indicates unhealthy, the control unit 360 performs a process of restricting the operation of the gas turbine 910, so that the state quantity acquired by the control device 300 ( The reliability of the estimated calorie value used by the control unit 360 for plant control can be ensured. Also in this respect, the control device 300 can obtain a more reliable state quantity.

<Fourth Embodiment>
State quantities measured by the second state quantity acquisition unit 140 such as performance degradation of the gas turbine 910 (FIG. 1) due to secular change (for example, generator output, air temperature, gas turbine rotational speed, fuel temperature, fuel The relationship between the flow rate and the actual value of the state quantity to be estimated by the estimation unit 150 (for example, the calorie of the fuel supplied to the gas turbine 910) may change over time. In this case, the estimation unit may correct the magnitude of the state quantity estimated value.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the control device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the control device 400 includes a first state quantity acquisition unit 110, a delay evaluation unit 270, a delay compensation unit 220, a soundness evaluation unit 330, a second state quantity acquisition unit 140, and an estimation unit. 450, a control unit 360, and a level adjustment unit 480. In the figure, the same reference numerals (110, 140, 220, 270, 330, 360) are assigned to the same parts as those in FIG.

The level adjustment unit 480 compares the calorie measurement value compensated by the delay compensation unit 220 with the calorie estimation value estimated by the estimation unit 450 to determine whether or not the calorie estimation value of the estimation unit 450 is appropriate. If it is determined to be inappropriate, the correction amount of the calorie estimation value is determined and output to the estimation unit 450. For example, the level adjustment unit 480 determines that the magnitude of the difference between the calorie measurement value delayed by the delay compensation unit 220 and the calorie estimation value (the average value for a certain period of time) is greater than a predetermined threshold value. In this case, it is determined that the estimated calorie value of the estimation unit 450 is inappropriate, and the ratio (average value over a certain period of time) obtained by dividing the calorie measurement value compensated for by the delay compensation unit 220 by the estimated calorie value is obtained. It outputs to the estimation part 450 as a correction amount.
The estimation unit 450 corrects the magnitude of the state quantity estimated value based on the correction amount output from the level adjustment unit 480. For example, the estimation unit 450 multiplies the calorie estimation value by a ratio obtained by dividing the calorie measurement value output from the level adjustment unit 480 and compensated for delay by the delay compensation unit 220 by the calorie estimation value. The size is adjusted to the calorie measurement value, and the calorie estimation value that matches this size is output.

For example, in the gas turbine 910 (FIG. 1), dust adheres to the blades (not shown) inside the compressor 911, and the intake efficiency of the compressor 911 decreases, so that the output of the turbine 910 decreases. Further, when a seal (not shown) inside the gas turbine 910 deteriorates with time and air leaks, the output of the turbine 910 decreases.
As described above, when the output of the turbine 910 is reduced, the turbine output is equivalent even if the supply of fuel with a higher calorie is received in comparison with that before the output reduction. Therefore, when the estimation unit 450 calculates the calorie of the fuel from the turbine output or the like, if the same calculation as before the turbine output is reduced, the estimated calorie value is low (the power generation efficiency is higher than the actual efficiency). Would be calculated).
Therefore, the estimation unit 450 outputs a calorie estimation value whose magnitude is corrected based on the correction amount output from the level adjustment unit 480. Thereby, the estimation part 450 can output a more exact calorie estimated value.

As described above, the estimation unit 450 outputs a more accurate calorie estimation value by outputting the calorie estimation value whose magnitude is corrected based on the correction amount output from the level adjustment unit 480. In this respect, the control device 400 can obtain a more reliable state quantity. And the control part 360 can perform control more appropriately by performing plant control using this reliable state quantity (calorie estimated value which corrected the magnitude | size).
Moreover, the soundness evaluation part 330 can perform soundness evaluation more correctly by performing soundness evaluation using the calorie estimated value which correct | amended the magnitude | size. Also in this point, the control device 400 can obtain a more reliable state quantity.

  In addition, although the case where this invention was applied to the control apparatus was demonstrated above, the application range of this invention is not restricted to a control apparatus. For example, the present invention can also be applied to a measuring device that measures the calorie value of turbine fuel and displays it to the operator.

Note that a program for realizing all or part of the functions of the control device 100, 200, 300, or 400 is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into a computer system. The processing of each unit may be performed by executing. Here, the “computer system” includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices.
Further, the “computer system” includes a homepage providing environment (or display environment) if a WWW system is used.
The “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage device such as a flexible medium, a magneto-optical disk, a portable medium such as a ROM and a CD-ROM, and a hard disk incorporated in a computer system. Furthermore, the “computer-readable recording medium” dynamically holds a program for a short time like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In this case, a volatile memory in a computer system serving as a server or a client in that case, and a program that holds a program for a certain period of time are also included. The program may be a program for realizing a part of the functions described above, and may be a program capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in a computer system.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

100, 200, 300, 400 Control device 110 State quantity acquisition unit 120, 220 Delay compensation unit 130, 330 Soundness evaluation unit 140 State quantity acquisition unit 150, 450 Estimation unit 160, 360 Control unit 270 Delay evaluation unit 480 Level adjustment unit

Claims (6)

A control device that controls a control object based on a state quantity acquired from the control object,
A first state quantity acquisition unit for acquiring a first state quantity as a state quantity from the first detection means;
A second state quantity acquisition unit for acquiring a second state quantity as a state quantity from the second detection means;
An estimation unit that calculates a first estimated state quantity that is an estimated value of the first state quantity based on the second state quantity;
A delay compensation unit that compensates for a delay with respect to a state quantity acquired by at least one of the first state quantity acquisition unit and the second state quantity acquisition unit;
The delay compensation unit compensates for the delay of the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit and the first estimated state quantity estimated by the estimation unit from the second state quantity. A soundness evaluation unit to compare with the state;
A control device comprising: A delay that causes a delay in the first estimated state quantity, performs a delay evaluation based on a correlation between the first estimated state quantity that caused the delay and the first state quantity, and determines a compensation amount With an evaluation section,
The control device according to claim 1, wherein the delay compensation unit performs delay compensation based on a compensation amount determined by the delay evaluation unit. A control unit that controls the control object based on the first estimated state quantity;
When the soundness evaluation unit does not match the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit and the first estimated state quantity estimated by the estimation unit based on the comparison. 3. The control device according to claim 1, wherein when the determination is made, the control unit performs a process of restricting the operation of the control target. The delay compensation unit calculates the magnitude of the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit and the magnitude of the first estimated state quantity estimated by the estimation unit from the second state quantity. And a level adjustment unit that determines a correction amount of the magnitude of the first estimated state amount estimated by the estimation unit in comparison with the state compensated for delay in
4. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the estimation unit corrects the magnitude of the first estimated state amount in accordance with a correction amount determined by the level adjustment unit. 5. . The second detection means has a higher responsiveness than the first detection means,
5. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the delay compensation unit compensates for a response delay of the first detection unit. 6. A first state quantity acquisition unit for acquiring a first state quantity as a state quantity from the first detection means;
A second state quantity acquisition unit for acquiring a second state quantity as a state quantity from the second detection means;
An estimation unit that calculates a first estimated state quantity that is an estimated value of the first state quantity based on the second state quantity;
A delay compensation unit that compensates for a delay with respect to a state quantity acquired by at least one of the first state quantity acquisition unit and the second state quantity acquisition unit;
The delay compensation unit compensates for the delay of the first state quantity acquired by the first state quantity acquisition unit and the first estimated state quantity estimated by the estimation unit from the second state quantity. A soundness evaluation unit to compare with the state;
A state quantity acquisition device comprising:

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